Deformable vertical photovoltaic system and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a deformable vertical photovoltaic system (100) comprising at least one photovoltaic cell (105) and a post (110) having an axis (A), the deformable vertical photovoltaic system further comprising at least: first connection means (115), referred to as lower connection means, for connecting a lower portion of the module to the post; and second connection means (120), referred to as upper connection means, for connecting the upper part of the module to the column, each means being freely translatable at least along the axis of the column and / or being at least rotatable about an axis (B, C) perpendicular to the axis of the column, at least one of the lower connection means and the upper connection means being freely translatable at least along the axis of the column, the other connection means is free to rotate at least about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the post.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a deformable vertical photovoltaic system and an installation method thereof, which is particularly suitable for the field of renewable energy production. Background Art

[0002] In the field of renewable energy production, the use of photovoltaic systems is an effective solution for converting light energy into electrical energy. However, the installation of such systems must take into account certain limitations inherent to the installation site. These limitations can be mechanical and occur during the operation of the photovoltaic system. For example, exposure to wind can impose significant dynamic mechanical stresses on the photovoltaic system. Ultimately, these mechanical stresses can lead to the following:

[0003] - the formation of microcracks, which often lead to irreversible damage to the photovoltaic cells, which can occur without changes to the protective covers on the front and back of the modules; and / or

[0004] - Mechanical damage to the front and rear protective glass of the module.

[0005] Degradation in module performance results in decreased power production. Specifically, when the performance of one module decreases, the power production of all other modules connected in series with that module will decrease.

[0006] In addition, this performance degradation can also lead to "hot spots" in the damaged cells of the module. These hot spots can damage the outer protective layer of the module, which accelerates the performance degradation of the module. Damage to the outer protective layer of the module can cause leakage, etc., which poses a significant risk to the safety of the equipment. In these cases, the equipment must be partially or completely shut down to replace the degraded module. Therefore, when the photovoltaic system is subjected to dynamic mechanical stress, premature aging of the photovoltaic system occurs.

[0007] Prior art solutions describe the addition of additional materials in photovoltaic systems to strengthen and reinforce the supporting structure.

[0008] However, such a solution leads to increased production costs for the supporting structure and has a negative impact on the environment. Therefore, the environmental impact of the life cycle of such a structure is greatly affected. In addition, the addition of this material leads to more shadows on the photovoltaic modules, which has a negative impact on electricity production. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.

[0010] To this end, according to a first aspect, the present invention contemplates a deformable vertical photovoltaic system comprising at least:

[0011] a photovoltaic module having a front side, called the "main surface" of the module, parallel to the plane formed by the active parts of the photovoltaic cells; and a column having an axis (A),

[0012] The deformable vertical photovoltaic system also includes at least:

[0013] - first connection means, called "lower connection means", for connecting the lower part of the module to the column; and - second connection means, called "upper connection means", for connecting the upper part of said module to said column,

[0014] Each connecting device is deformable and / or can at least translate freely along the axis of the column and / or can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module. At least one of the lower connecting device and the upper connecting device is deformable and / or can at least translate freely along the axis of the column, and the other connecting device is deformable and / or can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

[0015] Thanks to these measures, the system is able to significantly limit the dynamic mechanical stresses exerted on the modules, for example when the system is exposed to strong winds. When the modules and / or the columns deform under the effect of dynamic mechanical stresses, the stresses at the locations of the connection devices are minimized. In this way, the mechanical durability of the modules is increased.

[0016] The mechanical deformation of the system support structure and the possibility of movement of the connection system make it possible to limit the amount of material in this structure. Therefore, a smaller amount of material is required to produce such a structure, which makes it possible to reduce the costs and environmental impact inherent in production. In addition, limiting the amount of material in the system support structure also makes it possible to reduce the cross-section of the system elements. Therefore, the power yield of the system is increased, since the shadows formed by the structure and cast on the photovoltaic modules are minimized.

[0017] Furthermore, such a photovoltaic system can be easily and quickly installed and can be carried out on a large number of installation sites, such as slopes or for agricultural purposes. The connection device is compatible with a wide variety of photovoltaic modules, such as modules with large dimensions, non-standard organization of photovoltaic cell strings, and modules with or without frames.

[0018] Modules can be replaced without using complicated means (e.g. damaged modules). In addition, the photovoltaic system can be easily and quickly disassembled. Therefore, when the photovoltaic system stops operating, it will not have a negative impact on the installation ground after installation and removal.

[0019] In some optional embodiments, each connection device can at least translate freely along the axis of the column and / or can at least rotate freely about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

[0020] At least one of the lower and upper connecting means is free to translate at least along the axis of the column, and the other connecting means is free to rotate at least about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, one of the lower connecting device and the upper connecting device can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column, and the other connecting device can at least translate freely along the axis of the column and can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

[0022] Thanks to these measures, when the photovoltaic system is subjected to dynamic mechanical stresses, the device for connecting to the pole will rotate about two parallel axes. As a result, significant mechanical tensions in the connection area are limited due to reduced squeezing effects. As a result, the cells of the photovoltaic module close to the connection area are protected.

[0023] In some alternative embodiments, one element of the freely rotatable connection device and the column comprises a hole and the other element comprises a shaft, the hole and the shaft forming a pivot link or a sliding pivot.

[0024] Thanks to these measures, the system allows the module to rotate at the location of the pivot link or sliding pivot when dynamic stress is applied.

[0025] In some optional embodiments, one of the components of the freely translatable connecting device and the column includes a sliding channel and the other component includes a slider, and the sliding channel and the slider form a sliding link or a sliding pivot.

[0026] Thanks to these measures, the system allows the module to translate along the column when dynamic stress is applied.

[0027] In some optional embodiments, the freely translatable connection device includes an intermediate assembly device configured to form a sliding channel around at least a portion of the column.

[0028] Thanks to these measures, the intermediate assembly means make it possible to increase the contact surface between the column and the connecting means. This strengthens the fixation of the module on the column while preserving the translational freedom of the connecting means.

[0029] In some optional embodiments, the connecting device that is freely translatable and includes an intermediate assembly device is freely rotatable and also includes an intermediate rotation device that forms a pivot link or a sliding pivot with the intermediate assembly device.

[0030] Thanks to these measures, the assembly formed by the intermediate assembly means and the intermediate rotation means enables the connection device to rotate freely.

[0031] In some optional embodiments, the photovoltaic module is rectangular, and the orientation of the module is such that the short side of the module is arranged toward the surface on which the photovoltaic system is installed.

[0032] Thanks to these measures, the photovoltaic modules in the photovoltaic system are fixed by at least one of their long sides. This improves the resistance to mechanical stresses compared to systems where the modules are fixed by one of their short sides. In particular, by fixing the long sides of the modules to the columns, additional support is provided to the modules, allowing them to be laid out in a configuration known as "longitudinal". Thus, a more stable and vertical fixed bifacial photovoltaic system can be installed on the ground. This system also allows a reduction in the footprint, in particular improving compatibility with agricultural activities on the land where it is installed.

[0033] Furthermore, the system is thus compatible with, for example, agrivoltaics. Such systems also have a low hydrological impact on plants when installed on agricultural land. Thus, a synergy is established, corresponding to the coexistence between a main agricultural activity and the efficient production of energy by one or more photovoltaic systems. This synergy is known as "agrivoltaics", also called "Agri-PV" or "APV".

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the photovoltaic system further comprises:

[0035] - at least one cross-member arranged below the modules, facing towards the surface on which the photovoltaic system is mounted and having an end; and - at least two fasteners, each fastener being configured to fasten a separate end of at least one such cross-member to a column, the cross-member being arranged and fastened between at least two columns.

[0036] Thanks to these measures, the cross-members can improve the stability and mechanical resistance of the system. Furthermore, the cross-members can enhance the vertical and height maintenance of the modules under the effect of gravity, especially when arranged below and in contact with the modules. Finally, the cross-members can, for example, enable the routing and protection of the cables of the photovoltaic system.

[0037] According to a second aspect, the invention contemplates a method of installing a deformable vertical photovoltaic system, comprising:

[0038] - a step of fixing the end of at least one column to the ground, each column having an axis; - a step of fixing a removable cross-member to at least one column; - a step of positioning at least one photovoltaic module on the cross-member, each photovoltaic module having a front face, called the "main surface" of the module, parallel to the plane formed by the active parts of the photovoltaic cells; - a step of fixing the lower part of said module to said at least one column by means of a lower connecting device, said lower connecting device being deformable and / or free to translate at least along the axis of the column and / or at least movable perpendicularly to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module; - a step of fixing the upper part of at least one module to the at least one column by means of an upper connecting device, the upper connecting device being deformable and / or at least freely translatable along the axis of the column and / or at least freely rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module, at least one of the lower connecting device and the upper connecting device being deformable and / or at least freely translatable along the axis of the column and the other being deformable and / or at least freely rotatable around an axis perpendicular to the column; and - a step of removing the removable cross member.

[0039] Since the specific objects, advantages and features of the method of the present invention are similar to the specific objects, advantages and features of the device of the present invention, they will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Other advantages, objects and specific features of the invention will become apparent from the following non-limiting description of at least one particular embodiment of the device and method that is the subject of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0041] Figure 1 A first specific embodiment of a photovoltaic system that is the subject of the invention is schematically shown in a front view;

[0042] Figure 2 Schematically shown in front view Figure 1 A variation of the first specific embodiment of the photovoltaic system shown in;

[0043] Figure 3 Schematically shown in front view Figure 1 A variation of the first specific embodiment of the photovoltaic system shown in;

[0044] Figure 4 Schematically shown in front view Figure 1 A variation of the first specific embodiment of the photovoltaic system shown in;

[0045] Figure 5 Schematically shown in side view, a static view on the left and a dynamic view on the right of a particular embodiment of a photovoltaic system that is the subject of the invention;

[0046] Figure 6 Schematically shown in side view, a static view on the left and a dynamic view on the right of a particular embodiment of a photovoltaic system that is the subject of the invention;

[0047] Figure 7 A first specific embodiment of a lower connection device is schematically shown in side view and cross-section;

[0048] Figure 8 The schematic diagram is shown in top view and cross-section. Figure 7 The lower connecting device shown in ;

[0049] Fig. 9 A second specific embodiment of a lower connection device is schematically shown in side view and cross-section;

[0050] Fig.10 The schematic diagram is shown in top view and cross-section. Fig. 9 Three variations of the lower connection device shown in;

[0051] Fig.11 The schematic diagram is shown in top view and cross-section. Fig. 9 A fourth variation of the lower connecting device shown in ;

[0052] Fig.12 A first specific embodiment of the upper connection device is shown schematically and in perspective;

[0053] Fig.13 The schematic diagram is shown in top view and cross-section. Fig.12 Three variations of the upper connection device shown in;

[0054] Fig.14 Schematically shown in side view and cross-section Fig.13 One of the three variations of the upper connection device shown in;

[0055] Fig.15 Schematically and in three-dimensional form Figures 9 to 14 A specific embodiment of the elements included in the upper connecting device and the lower connecting device shown in;

[0056] Fig.16 Four specific embodiments of the column are shown schematically and in perspective;

[0057] Fig.17 Six specific embodiments of the column are schematically shown in top view and cross-sectional view;

[0058] Fig.18 Four specific embodiments of the column, the upper connecting means, the intermediate connecting means and the intermediate rotating means are schematically shown in top view and in cross-section;

[0059] Fig.19 Five specific embodiments of the cross member are schematically shown in side view and cross-section;

[0060] Fig. 20 Three specific embodiments of the cross member are schematically shown in side view and cross-section;

[0061] Fig.21 Three specific embodiments of the cross-member are schematically shown in side view and in cross-section; and

[0062] Fig. 22 A series of specific steps of the method of the subject matter of the present invention are schematically shown in a logic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The present description is given in a non-limiting manner, wherein each feature of an embodiment may be combined in an advantageous manner with any other feature of any other embodiment.

[0064] Throughout the description, the term "upper" or "top" refers to the Figures 1 to 6 The top of the diagram corresponds to the normal use configuration of the system, while the term "bottom" or "lower" refers to the part located between these Figures 1 to 6 The term "rear" refers to the Figures 1 to 4 The term "front" refers to the rear part of the plane of Figures 1 to 4 The terms "vertical" and "horizontal" are derived from these definitions. The term "left" refers to the Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.10 , Fig.13 , Fig.15 , Fig. 20 The term "right" refers to the Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Fig.10 , Fig.13 , Fig.15 , Fig. 20 on the right side of the screen. Figures 1 to 6 The systems shown in each have an axis A, which corresponds to the axis of the column when the photovoltaic system is not subjected to dynamic mechanical stress. When the system is subjected to dynamic mechanical stress, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown on the right, the axis A of the column is the tangent to the curve formed by the deformation of the column under stress. Figures 1 to 6 The system shown also has an axis B parallel to the "main surface" of the module and perpendicular to the axis A of the column.

[0065] Note the following definitions:

[0066] The term "deformable" refers to elastic deformation of a part or a whole composed of an elastic material, i.e. the material is capable of deforming when forces are applied and returning to its original state without any change when these forces are no longer applied. In other words, an elastically deformable material is capable of elastic deformation, unlike a plastically deformable material.

[0067] The term "increased electricity production" refers to an increase in electricity production, for example due to more solar energy reaching the photovoltaic cells of the module.

[0068] The term "bifacial module" means that both sides of the module can generate electricity. The two sides of the module are the two largest surfaces. Bifacial modules allow light from both the front and back sides to be transmitted to their photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells use light from both sides to generate electricity. Generally, there is a junction box on the back side of the module, and the power generated by the back side is usually less than the power generated by the front side.

[0069] The term “facing the ground” refers to an installation configuration in which, when the photovoltaic module is rectangular, one short side of the photovoltaic module is closer to the ground than another short side of the photovoltaic module.

[0070] The term "C-shaped" used to define the cross-member shape refers to a general shape having the following characteristics:

[0071] - a supporting side, which supports the element and is substantially horizontal;

[0072] - a side opposite to the supporting side, which does not support the element and is substantially horizontal;

[0073] The supporting side is connected to the opposite side via two sides, which correspond to the front side and the rear side, respectively, the front side or the rear side being at least partially free of material.

[0074] The term "U-shaped" used to define the shape of the cross-member refers to a general shape having the following characteristics:

[0075] - a supporting side, which supports the element and is substantially horizontal; - a side opposite the supporting side, which does not support the element and is substantially horizontal and partially free of material;

[0076] The supporting side is connected to the opposite side through two sides, which correspond to the front side and the back side.

[0077] The term "mounting surface" refers to a surface on which a photovoltaic system is mounted. For example, such a surface refers to the ground on which the photovoltaic system is mounted. For example, the ground on which the photovoltaic system is mounted is agricultural land.

[0078] The term "dynamic mechanical stresses" refers to stresses exerted on an installed PV system. Specifically, these stresses depend on the characteristics of the site where the PV system is installed. For example, such stresses are exerted by the wind acting on the surface of the PV modules. Under the influence of the wind, the modules undergo, for example, translational movements, which exert forces on the columns. As a result, reversible deformations of the columns can be observed, such as Figure 5 and 6 Note that the deformation of the column due to the wind is not linear, in other words, the longitudinal profile of the column deforming due to the wind follows a curve.

[0079] Now it is important to note that these figures are not drawn to scale.

[0080] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of a photovoltaic system 100 of the subject matter of the present invention is shown, not drawn to scale. The photovoltaic system 100 is substantially vertical relative to a mounting ground 102 and is deformable.

[0081] It can be seen that the photovoltaic system 100 comprises at least one photovoltaic module 105 and at least one column 110 having an axis A. Preferably, the photovoltaic system comprises at least two columns 110. It can be seen that the photovoltaic module 105 of the system 100 has a front side, called the "main surface" of the module 105, parallel to the plane formed by the active parts of the photovoltaic cells. In particular, this plane is limited by the outer edges of the frame, or by the front and back layers protecting the module when the module has no frame. In the case of a double glass module, the front and back layers can be made of glass, it is worth noting that other materials can also be used. The so-called "front side" of the photovoltaic module 105 corresponds to the surface with the largest dimension, called "maximum". The face opposite to the front side is called the "back side" and usually has the same surface as the front side. For example, when the photovoltaic module 105 is a parallelepiped, the maximum surface corresponds to the face bounded by the two edges (width, length or height) of the module with the maximum value.

[0082] Figure 1 The photovoltaic system 100 is shown to include:

[0083] a first connection means 115 , called “lower connection means”, for connecting the lower part of the module 105 to the column 110 ; and a second connection means 120 , called “upper connection means”, for connecting the upper part of the module 105 to the column 110 .

[0084] In some embodiments, for example Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the main surface or front side of the photovoltaic module 105 has the shape of a parallelepiped.

[0085] In some embodiments (not shown), at least two photovoltaic modules 105 are arranged vertically, and when the photovoltaic system 100 is installed, one photovoltaic module 105 is arranged above another photovoltaic module 105 .

[0086] In some embodiments, photovoltaic module 105 is framed. In some variations, photovoltaic module 105 is frameless. In other words, there is no fixed frame around the fixed edge of module 105. For example, photovoltaic module 105 is a frameless double glass module, also known in the photovoltaic industry as a "photovoltaic laminate".

[0087] It is worth noting that the column 110 of the photovoltaic system 100 has an axis A, which is parallel to the largest dimension of the column 110 when the system 100 is not deformed. For example, when the column 110 is a tapered cylinder, the axis A is parallel to the generatrix of the tapered cylinder. For example, when the column 110 is a polyhedron, the axis A is parallel to the side with the largest dimension.

[0088] In some embodiments, for example Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the poles 110 are substantially vertical relative to the mounting ground 102. In some variations (not shown), the poles 110 are tilted relative to the mounting ground 102 and are parallel to each other. In other words, the poles 110 are not orthogonal to the general plane formed by the mounting ground 102. In this variation, it is noted that the tilt is irrelevant to the deformation of the photovoltaic system 100 subjected to dynamic mechanical stress. For example, all poles are vertical relative to the horizon, but not vertical relative to the ground.

[0089] In some embodiments, for example Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, the lower end of the column 110 includes a block 101. The block 101 is partially or completely anchored in the ground 102, thereby strengthening the adhesion of the column 110 to the ground 102. Please note that the adhesion and stabilization of the column 110 on the ground 102 is achieved by any means known to those skilled in the art. For example, the lower end of the column 110 is fixed to the block 101 by a set of bolts.

[0090] In some embodiments, for example Figure 1 In the embodiments shown in , the lower connecting device 115 is free to rotate about an axis B perpendicular to the axis A of the column 110 and parallel to the main surface of the module 105. In these embodiments, the upper connecting device 120 is free to translate along the axis A of the column 110. Preferably, the upper connecting device 120 is also free to rotate about the axis C.

[0091] Figure 7 and Figure 8 An embodiment of a freely rotatable lower connecting device 115 is shown. Figure 7 , the rotational freedom of the lower connecting device 115 is represented by a semicircular double-headed arrow.

[0092] In some embodiments, for example Figure 7 and Figure 8 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic module 105 is fixed to the lower connecting device 115 by bolts including screws 121 and nuts 123. In some variations, the lower connecting device 115 is fixed by bolts including screws 121 and nuts 123. Fig.11 At least one clamping system 129 , springs and / or clamps are shown rigidly connected to the die set 105 .

[0093] In some embodiments, for example Figure 7 and 8 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the element 119 of the lower connecting device 115 is a parallelepiped. The element 119 contacts the lower portion of the module 105. Specifically, the element 119 contacts the rear surface or back surface of the module 105. Note that the element 119 includes a hole into which the shaft 118 is inserted. The axis of the shaft 118 is the axis B and is perpendicular to the axis A of the column 110. Preferably, the shaft 118 is retained in the hole of the element 119 by a nut 122, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 Note that the hole of element 119 and shaft 118 form a pivot link. Specifically, the pivot link follows a motion similar to the motion of a pendulum, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 In some variations, the hole of element 119 and shaft 118 form a sliding pivot link.

[0094] Figure 8 The lower connection device 115 is shown to include a slider 116. Preferably, the slider 116 is a tapered cylinder. Note that the column 110 includes a slot 111 that forms a sliding channel. In these embodiments, the slider 116 and the slot 111 form a sliding link during the initial rigid connection of the photovoltaic module 105 to the column 110. Specifically, the module 105 is initially connected to the column 110 by a translational movement along the axis A of the column 110. When the module 105 is initially connected and positioned at a predetermined height, the slider 116 is fixed in the sliding channel 111 by a nut 117. The nut 117 is in fixed contact with the surface of the column 110. The use of the nut 117 corresponds to a completely rigid connection of the lower part of the module 105 to the column 110. In other words, the nut 117 eliminates the translational freedom of the lower connection device 115 by fixing the slider 116 and shaft 118 assembly at a predetermined height of the column 110.

[0095] In some variations, for example Figure 3 In the variant shown, the lower connecting means 115 comprises a stud 118 inserted into a hole in the post 110. In these variants, as shown in FIG. Figures 9 to 11As shown, the column 110 includes a hole 124, and the freely rotatable lower connecting device 115 includes a shaft 118. Note that the hole 124 and the shaft 118 form a pivot link. In some variations, the hole 124 and the shaft 118 form a sliding pivot link. Note that the stud 118 and the shaft form a single element.

[0096] It can be seen that the stud 118 of the lower connecting device 115 has a rotation axis B. Preferably, the stud 118 has a cylindrical shape, for example Fig.15 The shape shown on the right.

[0097] In some variations, for example Fig.10 In the variant shown in the center, the lower connecting device 115 includes a spring 125. The spring 125 is arranged between the element 119 and the surface of the column 110 facing the lower connecting device 115. Therefore, the spring is in contact with two surfaces. Please note that the spring 125 is configured to push the two surfaces in opposite directions. In particular, the spring 125 pushes the element in contact with the column 110 towards the column 110. The spring 125 also pushes the element in contact with the element 119 towards the element 119. Therefore, vibrations associated with the spacing (also called "gap") between different elements are limited. In some variations, the stud 118 has a shoulder that contacts a moving washer fixed to one end of the spring 125. In this variation, the other end is fixed to the element 119. The shoulder ensures that the moving washer is retained, thereby preventing the spring from falling when the module 105 is fixed to the column 110.

[0098] In some variations, for example Fig.10 In the variant shown on the right, the stud 118 can be retracted into the element 119 of the lower connecting element 115 by means of a spring 126. In other words, the spring 126 holds the stud 118 in the hole 124 of the column 110. The retractability of the stud 118 ensures that the module 105 can be quickly fixed to the column 110, thereby facilitating the installation of the system 100.

[0099] Fig.12 1 shows an embodiment of an upper connecting device 120 which is free to translate along the axis A of the column 110. The translational freedom of the upper connecting device 120 is Fig.12 and 14 The upper connecting device 120 can also freely rotate about an axis C perpendicular to the axis A of the column 110 and parallel to the main surface of the module 105. The rotational freedom of the upper connecting device 120 is Fig.12 Indicated by a semicircular double-headed arrow.

[0100] Please note that unless otherwise stated, Fig.10 The above description of the elements in also applies to Fig.13 Like numbered elements shown in .

[0101] Fig.13 The upper connecting device 120 is shown to include a slider 116. Preferably, the slider 116 is a tapered cylinder, such as Fig.15 As shown. When the slider 116 is a tapered cylinder, the friction force present when the slider 116 slides in the sliding channel 111 is limited. Note that the column 110 includes a groove 111 that forms the sliding channel. In these embodiments, the slider 116 of the upper connecting device 120 and the sliding channel 111 of the column 110 form a sliding link. In some variations, the slider 116 of the upper connecting device 120 and the sliding channel 111 of the column 110 form a sliding pivot link. Note that the translational freedom of the connecting device 120 is maintained.

[0102] exist Fig.13 As can be seen on the left side of the figure, no element is arranged between the element 119 of the upper connecting device 120 and the surface of the column 110 facing the lower connecting device 120. In some variants, for example Fig.13 In the variant shown in the center, the nut 117 is arranged between the element 119 and the surface of the column 110. In these variants, the nut 117 is not in fixed contact with the surface of the column 110 so as not to eliminate the translational freedom of the upper connection 120. The inclusion of the nut 117 in the upper connection 120 prevents the element 119 from rubbing on the surface of the column 110.

[0103] In other variations, e.g. Fig.13 Right and Fig.14 In the variant shown in , the upper connecting device 120 comprises a spring 125 and a part 127. The part 127 is arranged between the spring 125 and the surface of the column 110 facing the upper connecting device 120. The spring 125 is arranged between the part 127 and the element 119. Therefore, the spring is in contact with two surfaces.

[0104] Please note, Fig.14 Neutralization Fig.13 The spring 125 shown on the right is configured to push the two surfaces in opposite directions. This dual repulsive force Fig.14 Specifically, spring 125 pushes the portion in contact with column 110 toward column 110 without restricting the sliding link. In other words, when upper connecting device 120 performs translational movement along column axis A, the surface of element 127 slides on the surface of column 110. In addition, spring 125 also pushes the element in contact with element 119 (e.g. Fig.14110 ) is pushed toward the element 119. Thus, vibrations associated with the spacing between the different elements (also called "clearance") are limited. In some embodiments (not shown), the upper connecting device 120 is free to rotate about an axis C perpendicular to the axis A of the column 110 and parallel to the main surface of the module 105. In these embodiments, the lower connecting device 115 is free to translate along the axis A of the column 110. Preferably, the lower connecting device 115 is also free to rotate about the axis B.

[0105] Please note that the characteristics mentioned above and below in the description for the lower connecting device 115 also apply to the upper connecting device 120, and vice versa.

[0106] In some variations (not shown), lower connection means 115 and upper connection means 120 are elastically deformable and configured to maintain the planar major surface of photovoltaic module 105 without deformation when the system is subjected to dynamic stresses.

[0107] It is worth noting that when the photovoltaic system 100 is installed in a site 102 exposed to strong winds, the photovoltaic system will undergo elastic deformation. Specifically, the column 110 of the system 100 will undergo elastic deformation and nonlinear deformation, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 as shown on the right.

[0108] Figure 5 and Figure 6 The left side of FIG. 1 shows an undeformed column 110 of the system 100 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The right side of the figure shows an elastically deformable column 110. The deformation of the column 110 is achieved in particular by a force exerted on the main surface of the module 105. For example, such a force is exerted by the wind on the outdoor installation site 102. Figure 5 and Figure 6 , wind is represented by three horizontal dashed arrows. Under these conditions, dynamic mechanical stresses are exerted on the system 100.

[0109] In some embodiments, for example Figure 5 In the embodiments shown, the lower connecting device 115 is free to rotate about an axis B perpendicular to the axis A of the column 110 and parallel to the main surface of the module 105. In these embodiments, the upper connecting device 120 is free to translate along the axis A of the column 110. Preferably, the upper connecting device 120 is also free to rotate about the axis C. It can be seen that Figure 5 The column 110 shown includes a slot 111. In some variations, for example Figure 6 In the variation shown, the post 110 includes an upper slot 111 and a lower hole (not shown).

[0110] For example, when the column 110 is subjected to dynamic mechanical stress, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown on the right side, the lower fixture 115 performs a rotational motion around the axis B. The rotation of the lower fixture 115 around the axis B is Figure 5 and Figure 6 In addition, the upper fixture 120 performs a rotational motion around the axis C and a translational motion around the axis A. The rotational motion of the upper fixture 120 around the axis C is Figure 5 and Figure 6 The upper semicircular double-headed arrow indicates the translational movement of the upper fixture 120 around the axis A. Figure 5 and Figure 6 Note that when the column 110 is deformed, the axis A corresponds to the tangent of the deformation arc formed by the groove 111. Therefore, by performing and coordinating these three movements (two rotations and one translation), the surface of the column 105 remains flat.

[0111] In some embodiments, at least one pillar 110 has a cross-sectional profile 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, 1105, 1106, or 1107 of the following shape:

[0112] -Triangle 1104, such as Figures 16 to 18 As shown; - rectangle 1103, such as Figures 16 to 18 As shown; - Symmetrical H 1102, such as Fig.16 and Fig.17 As shown; - asymmetric H 1105, such as Fig.17 As shown; - inclined H (not shown); - cross 1101, such as Figures 16 to 18 As shown; -C 1107, such as Fig.17 As shown; -F (not shown); -T 1106, as Fig.17 shown; - a tilted T (not shown); - an offset tilted T (not shown); or - a tilted Z (not shown).

[0113] Note that in the above cross-sectional profiles, the selection of the cross-sectional profile of the column 110 is based on the following factors:

[0114] - mechanical resistance; - installation constraints; - minimizing production and installation costs; and / or - reducing vertical shadows behind the module 105 when the module 105 is double-sided.

[0115] In this way, the ease of installation and the mechanical resistance of the system are improved. In addition, the system 100 has a reduced vertical shadow on the back side of the module 105. When the module 105 is double-sided, the power production is therefore increased. In addition, when the column 110 has one of the various cross-sectional profiles described above and is at least partially made of reflective material, an optimal reflection of sunlight on the photovoltaic module 105 is achieved. This promotes an increase in power production. Finally, when the column 110 has one of these various cross-sectional profiles, the compatibility between the column 110, the upper connecting device 115 and the lower connecting device 120 and the module 105 is improved. Therefore, the connecting devices 115 and 120 are easier to use.

[0116] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the upper connecting device 115 and the lower connecting device 120 include an intermediate assembly device 128. For example, the intermediate assembly device 128 is also referred to as a "ring".

[0117] In these embodiments, the intermediate assembly device 128 includes a sliding channel, and the column 110 is a slider. Specifically, during the initial rigid connection of the photovoltaic module 105 to the column 110, the column 110 and the intermediate assembly device 128 form a sliding link. In other words, the sliding channel of the intermediate assembly device 128 and the slider formed by the column 110 form a sliding link.

[0118] In these embodiments, the translational movement of the assembly device 128 causes the module 105 to be preliminarily connected to the column 110 via the lower connection device 115. This movement is performed around the axis A of the column 110. Please note that the assembly device 128 includes a sliding channel 111 and a portion 116 of the column 110 forms a slider. When the module 105 is preliminarily connected and positioned at a predetermined height, the assembly device 128 is maintained in place on the column 110. In these embodiments, the surface of the assembly device 128 is in fixed contact with the surface of the column 110. This fixed contact corresponds to a completely rigid connection between the lower part of the module 105 and the column 110. In other words, the fixed contact eliminates the translational freedom of the lower connection device 115 by fixing the assembly device 128 at a predetermined height of the column 110. For example, the assembly device 128 is maintained in the following manner:

[0119] - Bolts 131 passing through assembly means 128 and column 110, each including a hole, such as Fig.18 as shown on the right; or,

[0120] The bolt 131 passes only through the assembly device 128, including the hole, so that the screw end of the bolt 131 in contact with the column 110 compresses the column 110. The assembly device 128 is therefore held independently of the position of any hole of the column 110.

[0121] In these embodiments, the upper connecting device 120 is free to translate and includes an intermediate assembly device 128. Specifically, Fig.18 Three non-limiting variations of such an intermediate assembly device 128 of the upper connection device 120 are shown. The intermediate assembly device 128 is configured to form a sliding channel 111 around at least one portion 116 of the column 110. Note that the portion 116 of the column forms a slider. In other words, the sliding channel 111 of the intermediate assembly device 128 and the slider 116 of the column 110 form a sliding link.

[0122] In some embodiments, for example Figure 2 and 18 In the embodiment shown in , the upper connecting device 120 can also rotate freely. Specifically, the upper connecting device 120 includes an intermediate assembly device 128 and an intermediate rotating device 119. The intermediate assembly device 128 includes a hole, and the intermediate rotating device 119 includes an axis 118. Note that the hole of the intermediate assembly device 128 and the axis 118 form a pivot link. In other words, the intermediate rotating device 119 forms a pivot link with the intermediate assembly device 128. In some variations, the intermediate rotating device 119 forms a sliding pivot link with the intermediate assembly device 128.

[0123] In some variations, for example Figure 3 In the variation shown in FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic system 100 includes:

[0124] - a freely rotatable lower connecting device 115 ; and - an upper connecting device 120 freely movable in translation and rotation, comprising an intermediate assembly device 128 . Fig.18 The three examples of such intermediate assembly means 128 shown in FIG. 1 also apply to these variants. Note that the connection means 120 also includes an intermediate rotation means 119 .

[0125] In some embodiments, when the installation site has a flat surface, the same intermediate fixing device 128 of the connecting device 115 and / or 120 is used to fix two photovoltaic modules 105 to the pole 110. In other words, each photovoltaic module 105 is fixed to a surface of the pole 110, the two connecting surfaces being different.

[0126] In some embodiments, the lower connection means 115 and the upper connection means 120 have variable dimensions. These dimensions are determined based on the desired distance between the post 110 and the module 105. Note that this increase in spacing reduces the shadow cast by the post 110 on the module 105, especially on the back surface. For example, when using frameless bifacial photovoltaic modules 105 in the system 100, this spacing is utilized. Therefore, reducing the shadow cast on the main surface of the photovoltaic module 105 promotes an increase in power production.

[0127] In some embodiments, the major surface or front face of photovoltaic module 105 of system 100 is aligned with the front face defined by poles 110. In other words, the major surface of photovoltaic module 105 is not set back relative to the front face defined by poles 110. Preferably, the positions of the lower and upper connection means minimize shading on the front face.

[0128] In these embodiments, the front side of the photovoltaic module 105 has an increased exposure to light due to the reduced shadowing. Note that when the photovoltaic module 105 is bifacial, this preferential exposure of the front side results in a larger shadow cast by the back side. However, the front side of the module 105 is more efficient at converting solar energy into electrical energy than the back side of the module 105. Therefore, despite the shadow on the back side of the module 105, this preferential exposure of the front side of the module 105 to light still promotes increased electricity production.

[0129] It is worth noting that this solution has a lower requirement for bifaciality when the front side of the module is preferably exposed to light. In other words, the positioning of the photovoltaic module 105 does not depend on bifaciality. Therefore, a wider range of photovoltaic modules 105 can be selected, especially photovoltaic modules 105 with lower economic cost.

[0130] When using a plurality of photovoltaic systems 100 with rows of modules 105, the front faces of the modules 105 can be oriented according to the performance choice of the system. For example, the front faces of the modules 105 are oriented from due east to due west. Thus, there is a great deal of freedom in the orientation of the rows of modules 105. Thus, a range of electrical profiles can be obtained depending on the orientation of the photovoltaic system and on the choice of the surface of the column 110 to be aligned with the front faces of the modules 105. In particular, this orientation flexibility can be used, for example:

[0131] - adapting the system 100 to the spatial limitations inherent in the installation site; and / or - locating the system 100 in a location that reduces exposure to severe winds.

[0132] In some variations, when the installation site is a farmland, the flexibility of direction is used to install, such as in a straight line from south to north. This installation is best to make the ground receive a uniform amount of light.

[0133] In some embodiments, for example Figures 1 to 6 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the photovoltaic module 105 of the photovoltaic system 100, 200, 300, or 400 is rectangular. Specifically, the photovoltaic module 105 is oriented so that the short side of the module 105 is arranged to face the surface 102 on which the photovoltaic system is installed. In other words, the orientation of the module 105 is in a "portrait" mode, rather than a "landscape" mode. Note that the surface 102 is defined by the ground on which the photovoltaic system 100, 200, 300, or 400 is installed.

[0134] In some embodiments, for example Figure 4 In the illustrated embodiment, the system 100 further includes:

[0135] - at least one cross member 401; and - at least two fasteners 402 of the cross member. In these embodiments, the cross member 401 is arranged below the module 105. In this configuration, the photovoltaic system 400 is mounted on the surface 102, and the module is located opposite the surface 102. The cross member 401 has ends, and each fastener 402 is configured to secure a separate end of the cross member 401 to the column 110. It is worth noting that in Figure 4 In the embodiment, the cross member 401 is arranged and fixed between at least two columns.

[0136] In these embodiments, when the photovoltaic module 105 is rectangular and has two short sides and two long sides, the short sides of the photovoltaic module 105 are therefore placed along the cross-member 401 .

[0137] In this way, the risk of the photovoltaic module 105 sliding down when moving vertically downward is limited, especially during installation of the system 100 .

[0138] Figure 4 The cross-sectional profile of the cross member 401 of the system 400 shown can have several embodiments. These different embodiments are Fig.19 and 20 Shown in.

[0139] In some embodiments, the cross-member 401 of the system 400 has a cross-sectional profile of the following shape:

[0140] -C, such as Fig.19 The two shapes at the top; or - an inverted U, such as Fig.19 The three shapes at the bottom are shown.

[0141] In some embodiments, for example Fig. 20 In the illustrated embodiment, the cross member 401 further comprises an upper edge in contact with the photovoltaic module 105 and a lower edge configured to receive a cable 404 connected to the photovoltaic module 105. Preferably, the lower edge is a rail. It is noted that the lower edge is defined by a width and a height.

[0142] In this manner, cables 404 are protected and oriented according to predefined constraints for use with photovoltaic system 100 .

[0143] In some embodiments, for example Fig. 20 The embodiment shown, Fig. 20 The width of the lower edge of the cross member 401 shown on the left is greater than Fig. 20 The width of the lower edge of the cross member 401 is shown in the center and on the right. It can also be seen that Fig. 20The height of the lower edge of the cross member 401 shown on the right is greater than Fig. 20 The height of the lower edge of the cross member 401 is shown in the center and on the left, respectively.

[0144] Preferably, when the modules 105 are connected in series, the length of the positive cable of the photovoltaic modules 105 is different from the length of the negative cable of the photovoltaic modules 105, shorter or longer. Therefore, the connector 403 between the modules 105 is protected by the cross member 401. The modules 105 are connected in series in a chain, called a "string", known to those skilled in the art. In other words, the positive cable of the first module 105 is connected to the negative cable of the second module 105 by the connector 403. In this configuration, if the length of the positive cable of the first module 105 is equal to the length of the negative cable of the second module 105, the connectors 403 of these two cables 404 reach the position of the column 110. In some cases, this arrangement of the connector 403 should be avoided, in particular when the cables are located at the bottom of the module 105, that is, at the position of the short side arranged facing the ground 102. In this case, the connector 403 is not protected by the cross member 401. Therefore, the difference in length between the positive cable and the negative cable makes it possible to avoid such an arrangement of the connector 403 , thereby enabling the connector 403 to be protected by the cross member 401 .

[0145] In some embodiments not shown, the cross member 401 includes at least one hole or perforation shape located on the upper edge or the rear edge. It should be noted that the rear edge of the cross member 401 is located on the same side as the junction box of the photovoltaic module 105. The hole of the cross member 401 is configured to facilitate the passage of the cable 404 of the photovoltaic module 105.

[0146] In some embodiments (not shown), the cross member 401 included in the system 100 is configured to at least partially surround at least one post 110 .

[0147] In this way, the overall structure of the system is more compact, thereby enhancing the stability of the structure.

[0148] For example, cross member 401 has a slot longitudinally along an axis parallel to axes B and C, and / or transversely along an axis perpendicular to axes B and C. Note that such a slot is configured to partially or completely surround post 110 .

[0149] In some embodiments (not shown), the fasteners of the cross member 401 include at least one intermediate fastener configured to complete the enclosure around at least one column 110. This therefore strengthens the fixation of the cross member to the column.

[0150] In some variations (not shown), the fasteners of cross member 401 include at least one L-shaped intermediate fastener comprising:

[0151] - configured to be fixed to an upper portion of a column; and - a lower portion perpendicular to the upper portion and the column and configured to support a cross member.

[0152] This strengthens the support of the module 101 and thus makes it possible to limit mechanical stresses due to gravity.

[0153] Specifically, when the system 100 includes two columns and two brackets are rigidly connected to the columns 110, respectively, the brackets are supports at the ends of the cross member 401. Please note that the rigid connection of the brackets to the columns 110 can be achieved by any means known to those skilled in the art. For example, the rigid connection is achieved by bolts configured to connect the columns 110 to the upper portions of the brackets.

[0154] In some embodiments, for example Fig.21 In the embodiment shown in , the cross member 401 is at least partially made of a light reflective material and has a C-shaped cross-sectional profile. Fig.21 In , light rays are represented by straight arrows. For example, Fig.21 Indirect light radiation on the photovoltaic module 105 is shown. The indirect light radiation is the result of reflection of one or more light rays directly impinging on the back side of the reflective cross-member 401 .

[0155] In some embodiments, for example Figures 1 to 6 In the illustrated embodiment, the photovoltaic system 100 does not include a horizontal element connecting two columns 110, such as a beam, a cross member, a hanger or a support, which is arranged above the portion of the module 105 that does not face the installation ground. In other words, no horizontal element connecting two parallel columns 110 is arranged above the portion of the module 105 that is farthest from the ground. For example, when the module is rectangular, the system 100 does not include any horizontal element connecting two columns, which is arranged above the short side of the module 105 that does not face the installation ground. In other words, no horizontal element connecting two parallel columns 110 is arranged above the short side of the module 105 that is farthest from the ground.

[0156] Fig. 22 Schematic diagram of an alternative embodiment of a method 500 of the subject matter of the present invention. The method 500 for installing a deformable vertical photovoltaic system comprises:

[0157] - Step 501: fix the end of at least one column to the ground; - Step 502: fix a removable cross member to the column; - Step 503: position at least one photovoltaic module on the cross member; - Step 504: fix the lower part of the module to the column by a lower connecting device; - Step 505: fix the upper part of the module to the column by an upper connecting device; and - Step 506: remove the removable cross member.

[0158] Specifically, each column has an axis and each photovoltaic module has a front face, called the "main surface" of the module, parallel to the plane formed by the active parts of the photovoltaic cells. Note that this plane is limited by the outer edges of the frame, or, when the module has no frame, by the front and back layers protecting the module. In the case of a double-glass module, the front and back layers can be made of glass, note that other materials can also be used.

[0159] Please note that each connection device is deformable and / or free to translate at least along the axis of the column and / or free to rotate at least along an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the surface of the module. In addition, at least one of the lower connection device and the upper connection device is deformable and / or free to translate at least along the axis of the column, while the other device is deformable and / or free to rotate at least along an axis perpendicular to the column.

[0160] In step 501 of securing the end of the pole to the mounting ground, the pole is first positioned to distinguish:

[0161] - the end which is subsequently fixed to the ground; and - the upper part of the pole which is subsequently fixed to the photovoltaic module.

[0162] Specifically, in the step 501 of fixing the column, the column is fixed to the ground using any connection device known to those skilled in the art.

[0163] In a step 502 of securing a removable cross member, the cross member is reversibly secured to a post.

[0164] In the positioning step 503, the module is arranged to rest on the cross member. In this way, the cross member maintains the position of the module during the fixing steps 504 and 505.

[0165] During the fixing steps 504 and 505, the module is fixed to the column by means of the upper connecting means and the lower connecting means. The choice of the nature of the intermediate connecting means depends on the rotational and / or translational freedom required of these means. In some embodiments, the lower connecting means are free to rotate, while the upper connecting means are at least free to translate. Preferably, the upper connecting means are also free to rotate.

[0166] In some variations, a portion of one or more connecting devices is located on the column. In other words, the column is machined to include a portion of one or more connecting devices. In other variations, the portion is fixed to the column during installation of the field installation system. For example, a portion of the connecting device is approximately located and retained in the portion of the final assembled column by, in particular, a lower stop and an upper stop.

[0167] In some variants (not shown), the method of installing a deformable vertical photovoltaic system comprises several steps, which may be repeated:

[0168] - a step of fixing the ends of at least two poles to the ground; - a step of fixing a removable cross member to the pole; - step 503: positioning at least one photovoltaic module on the cross member; - a step of fixing the lower part of the module to the pole by means of a lower connection device; - a step of fixing the upper part of the module to the pole by means of an upper connection device; and - a step of removing the removable cross member. Preferably, the device of the system 100 is configured to implement the steps of the method 500 and its embodiments as described above, and the method 500 and its different embodiments can be implemented by the device of the device 100.

Claims

1. A deformable vertical photovoltaic system (100, 200, 300, 400), comprising at least: A photovoltaic module (105), the front side of the photovoltaic module being referred to as the main surface of the module, being parallel to the plane formed by the effective parts of the photovoltaic cells; and a column (110) having an axis (A), Characterized in that the deformable vertical photovoltaic system at least comprises: a first connection means (115), called the lower connection means, for connecting the lower part of the module to the column; and The second connection means (120), called the upper connection means, is used to connect the upper part of the module to the column, Each device is deformable and / or free to translate at least along the axis of the column and / or free to rotate at least about an axis (B, C) perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module, At least one of the lower connecting device and the upper connecting device is deformable and / or can at least translate freely along the axis of the column, and the other connecting device is deformable and / or can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

2. The system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 1, characterized in that Each device (115, 120) can freely translate at least along the axis (A) of the column (110) and / or can freely rotate at least around an axis (B, C) perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module (105). At least one of the lower connecting device (115) and the upper connecting device (120) can freely translate at least along the axis of the column, and the other connecting device can freely rotate at least around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

3. The system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that One of the lower connecting device (115) and the upper connecting device (120) can at least rotate freely around an axis (B, C) perpendicular to the axis (A) of the column (110), and the other connecting device can at least translate freely along the axis of the column and can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module.

4. The system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that One element of the freely rotatable connection device (115, 120) and the column (110) comprises a hole (124) and the other element comprises a shaft (118), the hole and the shaft forming a pivot link or a sliding pivot.

5. The system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that One element of the freely translatable connection device (115, 120) and the column (110) comprises a sliding channel (111) and the other element comprises a slider (116), the sliding channel and the slider forming a sliding link or a sliding pivot.

6. The system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 5, characterized in that The freely translatable connection device (115, 120) comprises an intermediate assembly device (128) configured to form a sliding channel (111) around at least a portion (116) of the column (110).

7. The system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to claim 6, characterized in that The freely translatable connection device (115, 120) comprises a freely rotatable intermediate assembly device (128) and also comprises an intermediate rotation device (119) forming a pivot link or a sliding pivot with the intermediate assembly device.

8. The photovoltaic system (100, 200, 300, 400) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module (105) is rectangular in shape, and the orientation of the module is such that the short side of the module is arranged to face the surface (102) on which the photovoltaic system is mounted.

9. The photovoltaic system (400) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising: at least one cross-member (401) arranged below the module (105), facing the surface (102) on which the photovoltaic system is mounted, and having an end; as well as At least two fasteners (402), each fastener configured to secure a separate end of the at least one cross member to a column (110), the cross member being disposed and secured between at least two columns.

10. A method (500) for installing a deformable vertical photovoltaic system, characterized in that: include: Step (501): fixing the end of at least one column to the ground, each column having an axis; Step (502): securing a removable cross member to at least one post; Step (503): positioning at least one photovoltaic module on the transverse member, each photovoltaic module having a front side, referred to as the main surface of the module, parallel to the plane formed by the active parts of the photovoltaic cells; Step (504): fixing the lower part of the module to the at least one column by means of a lower connection device, wherein the lower connection device is deformable and / or freely translatable at least along the axis of the column and / or freely rotatable at least about an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module; Step (505): fixing the upper part of at least one module to the at least one column by means of an upper connection device, wherein the upper connection device is deformable and / or can at least translate freely along the axis of the column and / or can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the axis of the column and parallel to the main surface of the module, and at least one of the lower connection device and the upper connection device is deformable and / or can at least translate freely along the axis of the column, and the other device is deformable and / or can at least rotate freely around an axis perpendicular to the column; as well as Step (506): Removing the removable cross member.

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