Antibiotic-free poultry breeding method and feed additive composition

Abstract

The invention provides an antibiotic-free poultry breeding method, poultry is fed with a mixed fermented feed, the mixed fermented feed comprises a basic poultry feed and a mixed fermented feed additive, and the mixed fermented feed additive is composed of a matrix, a compound enzyme and a fermentation inoculant. According to the mixed fermentation feed additive for antibiotic-free breeding, enzymolysis of multiple enzymes is matched with fermentation of multiple bacteria, and under the synergistic effect of the multiple bacteria and the multiple enzymes, the content of nutritional ingredients in the feed additive is increased, and the palatability of the feed additive is improved; meanwhile, the additive can also increase the content of immune globulin in poultry blood and improve the immunity of the organism, so that the anti-virus and anti-infection performance of the poultry can be improved, the poultry can resist oxidative stress, and therefore, the death rate of the poultry is reduced, the weight of the poultry is increased, and the income is increased. The method has important significance for improving the health level and the production performance of the poultry, and is beneficial to antibiotic-free breeding of the poultry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding, and in particular relates to a method for antibiotic-free breeding of poultry and a feed additive composition. Background Art

[0002] Traditional poultry farming often relies on antibiotics to prevent and treat diseases and promote growth, but the abuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, drug residues, decreased immunity of poultry, decreased quality of poultry meat and eggs, and many other problems, which endanger human health and the ecological environment. With the development of science and technology and the change of people's health care concepts, more and more people are aware of the harm of the abuse of antibiotics in the breeding process, and the call for limiting the abuse of antibiotics in the breeding process is growing. The European Union has banned the addition of antibiotics to feed since January 2006 and has fully promoted antibiotic-free breeding. my country stipulates that drugs such as chloramphenicol, vancomycin, and quinolone are not allowed to be used as feed additives, thus opening the prelude to restricting the use of antibiotics.

[0003] Antibiotic-free farming refers to a production method that does not use any kind of antibiotics during the breeding process. Its main purpose is to reduce dependence on antibiotics, reduce the risk of bacterial resistance, and produce safe, nutritious, and antibiotic-free livestock and poultry products. Antibiotic-free farming not only involves not adding antibiotics to feed, but also includes reducing or not using antibiotics in animal disease prevention and control. With people's increasing attention to food safety and public health, antibiotic-free poultry breeding technology has become an important trend in the development of animal husbandry. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an effective antibiotic-free poultry breeding method. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for antibiotic-free breeding of poultry and a feed additive composition.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for antibiotic-free poultry farming, wherein the antibiotic-free farming method uses mixed fermented feed to feed poultry, wherein the mixed fermented feed includes a basic poultry feed and a mixed fermented feed additive, wherein the raw materials of the mixed fermented feed additive are composed of a matrix, a complex enzyme and a fermentation bacterial agent; The matrix is ​​composed of the following components by weight: 6-10 parts of rice bran meal, 6-10 parts of corn bran, 5-8 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 5-8 parts of citrus residue, 3-8 parts of purple potato peel, 3-8 parts of white radish peel, 5-10 parts of white radish tops, 1-5 parts of isatis indigo leaves, 1-5 parts of hawthorn, 1-3 parts of burdock seeds and 1-3 parts of dandelion; the composite enzyme is 0.5-1 parts by weight; the fermentation bacterial liquid is 0.5-1.5 parts by weight; The complex enzyme is composed of the following components by weight: 0.2-0.7 parts of pectinase, 0.1-0.6 parts of phytase and 0.2-0.7 parts of α-galactosidase; The fermentation bacteria agent is composed of the following components by weight: 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 0.3-1.3 parts of Candida albicans; The basic poultry feed comprises the following components by weight: 15-25 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of sorghum, 15-25 parts of wheat, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 1-3 parts of meat and bone meal, 1-3 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1-2 parts of salt, and 0.5-1 parts of mildew inhibitor.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the basic poultry feed comprises the following components by weight: 18-22 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of sorghum, 18-22 parts of wheat, 15-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of meat and bone meal, 1-2 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1-1.5 parts of salt, and 0.5-0.8 parts of mildew inhibitor.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a mixed fermentation feed additive, wherein the raw materials of the mixed fermentation feed additive are composed of a matrix, a complex enzyme and a fermentation bacterial agent; The matrix is ​​composed of the following components by weight: 6-10 parts of rice bran meal, 6-10 parts of corn bran, 5-8 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 5-8 parts of citrus residue, 3-8 parts of purple potato peel, 3-8 parts of white radish peel, 5-10 parts of white radish tops, 1-5 parts of isatis indigo leaves, 1-5 parts of hawthorn, 1-3 parts of burdock seeds and 1-3 parts of dandelion; the composite enzyme is 0.5-1 parts by weight; the fermentation bacterial liquid is 0.5-1.5 parts by weight; The complex enzyme is composed of the following components by weight: 0.2-0.7 parts of pectinase, 0.1-0.6 parts of phytase and 0.2-0.7 parts of α-galactosidase; The fermentation bacteria agent consists of the following components by weight: 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 0.3-1.3 parts of Candida albicans.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the matrix is ​​composed of the following components by weight: 8-10 parts of rice bran meal, 8-10 parts of corn bran, 6-7 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 6-7 parts of citrus residue, 5-6 parts of purple potato peels, 5-6 parts of white radish peels, 6-8 parts of white radish tops, 2-3 parts of isatis indigo leaves, 2-3 parts of hawthorn, 1-2 parts of burdock seeds and 1-2 parts of dandelion; the complex enzyme is 0.5-0.8 parts by weight; and the fermentation bacteria liquid is 0.8-1 parts by weight.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the complex enzyme consists of the following components by weight: 0.2-0.5 parts of pectinase, 0.1-0.4 parts of phytase and 0.2-0.5 parts of α-galactosidase.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fermentation bacteria agent is composed of the following components by weight: 0.2-0.4 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.2-0.4 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 0.4-0.6 parts of Candida albicans.

[0011] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing the mixed fermented feed additive according to the second aspect, the preparation method comprising the following steps: (1) Crush and sieve rice bran, corn bran, bagasse, citrus pulp, purple potato peel, white radish peel, white radish top, isatis indigo leaf, hawthorn, burdock fruit and dandelion, mix the obtained mixture with water to a water content of 36% to 52%, and sterilize by heating to obtain a culture medium; (2) adding pectinase, phytase and α-galactosidase to the culture medium prepared in step (1) for enzymolysis, and after the enzymolysis is completed, heating and inactivating the enzymes to obtain an enzymolysate; (3) Add malic acid to the enzymatic hydrolysate obtained in step (2), adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5, add Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Candida albicans to carry out fermentation, and obtain a fermented product after the fermentation is completed, and obtain a mixed fermented feed additive through drying.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the above preparation method, in step (2), the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 30-35°C, and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 3-5h.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the above preparation method, in step (3), the fermentation temperature is 31-34° C., and the fermentation time is 15-18 h.

[0014] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides the use of the mixed fermented feed additive described in the second aspect or the mixed fermented feed additive prepared by the preparation method described in the third aspect in antibiotic-free poultry farming.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the poultry is chicken, duck or goose.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The mixed fermentation feed additive used in the antibiotic-free breeding method of the present invention contains ingredients such as bagasse, citrus residue, purple potato peel, white radish peel, white radish tassel, isatis indigo leaf, hawthorn, burdock fruit, dandelion, etc. in the raw material, and uses multiple enzymes for enzymolysis and multiple bacterial fermentation. Under the synergistic effect of multiple bacteria and multiple enzymes, the improvement of the content of nutrients in the mixed fermentation feed additive is achieved together, and the palatability is improved; at the same time, the feed additive can also increase the immunoglobulin content in the blood of poultry and improve the body's immunity, which helps to improve the antiviral and anti-infection performance of poultry, and also helps poultry resist oxidative stress, thereby reducing the mortality rate of poultry, increasing the weight of poultry, and increasing revenue. This is of great significance for improving the health level and production performance of poultry, and is conducive to the antibiotic-free breeding of poultry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or the product instructions are used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased through regular channels.

[0019] The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The experimental materials used in the following examples are commercially available products unless otherwise specified.

[0020] The strains used in the present invention are commercially available, the preservation number of Lactobacillus delbrueckii is CICC No. 23482, the preservation number of Lactobacillus rhamnosus is CGMCC No. 11387, and the preservation number of Candida albicans is CICC No. 32835.

[0021] Embodiment 1: A mixed fermentation feed additive, wherein the raw materials of the mixed fermentation feed additive are composed of a matrix, a complex enzyme and a fermentation bacterial agent; The matrix is ​​composed of the following components by weight: 9 parts of rice bran meal, 9 parts of corn bran, 6.5 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 6.5 parts of citrus residue, 5.5 parts of purple potato peel, 5.5 parts of white radish peel, 7 parts of white radish tops, 2.5 parts of isatis indigo leaves, 2.5 parts of hawthorn, 1.5 parts of burdock seeds and 1.5 parts of dandelion; the composite enzyme is 0.6 parts by weight; the fermentation bacterial liquid is 0.9 parts by weight; The complex enzyme is composed of the following components by weight: 0.2 parts of pectinase, 0.2 parts of phytase and 0.2 parts of α-galactosidase; The fermentation bacteria agent consists of the following components by weight: 0.2 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.3 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 0.4 parts of Candida albicans.

[0022] The preparation method of the mixed fermentation feed additive comprises the following steps: (1) Weighing raw materials according to the ratio of each raw material, grinding rice bran meal, corn bran, bagasse, citrus residue, purple potato peel, white radish peel, white radish top, isatis indigo leaf, hawthorn, burdock fruit and dandelion with a grinder at 1200 rpm for 20 min, then passing through a 30-mesh sieve, mixing the obtained mixture with water to a water content of 46%, and sterilizing by heating to obtain a culture medium; (2) adding pectinase, phytase and α-galactosidase to the culture medium prepared in step (1) and performing enzymolysis at 33° C. for 4 h. After the enzymolysis is completed, the temperature is raised to inactivate the enzymes to obtain an enzymolysate; (3) Add malic acid to the enzymatic hydrolysate obtained in step (2), adjust the pH to 7.0, add Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Candida albicans, and ferment at 34° C. for 17 h. After the fermentation is completed, a fermented product is obtained, which is dried to obtain a mixed fermented feed additive.

[0023] Comparative Example 1: The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the matrix component of Comparative Example 1 does not contain Folium Isatidis, Crataegus pinnatifida, Fructus Arctii and Taraxaci Herba, and the others are the same.

[0024] Comparative Example 2: The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the mixed fermented feed additive raw material of Comparative Example 2 does not contain complex enzymes, and the preparation method does not include step (2), and the other aspects are the same.

[0025] Comparative Example 3: The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the fermentation agent of Comparative Example 3 does not contain Lactobacillus delbrueckii (the total inoculation amount of the fermentation agent remains unchanged), and the other contents are the same.

[0026] Comparative Example 4: The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the fermentation agent of Comparative Example 4 does not contain Lactobacillus rhamnosus (the total inoculation amount of the fermentation agent remains unchanged), and the other contents are the same.

[0027] Comparative Example 5: The difference between Comparative Example 5 and Example 1 is that the fermentation agent of Comparative Example 5 does not contain Candida albicans (the total inoculation amount of the fermentation agent remains unchanged), and the other contents are the same.

[0028] Test example: According to the methods of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5, 6 kinds of mixed fermented feed additives were prepared, and nutritional index experiments were carried out. The experimental results were averaged, and the feed additive prepared from the matrix of Example 1 without enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation was selected as the control group. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0029] Table 1: Nutritional indicators of mixed fermented feed additives

[0030] As shown in Table 1, compared with the control group, the content of crude fiber that is not easily digested by poultry in the mixed fermented feed additives prepared in Example 1 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 1-5 is significantly reduced, the content of crude fat is also reduced, and it has a high crude protein content. It is thus shown that the present invention is partially converted into crude protein by enzymolysis and fermentation, such as crude fiber, crude fat, etc. Compared with Comparative Examples 1-5, the content of crude fiber that is not easily digested by poultry in the mixed fermented feed additive prepared in Example 1 of the present invention is significantly reduced, the content of crude fat is also reduced, and the crude protein content is significantly increased. It is thus shown that the present invention uses multiple enzyme enzymolysis with multiple bacterial fermentation, and under the synergistic effect of multiple bacteria and multiple enzymes, the nutritional value of the feed additive is significantly improved.

[0031] Breeding experiment: The mixed fermented feed additives prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were added to basic poultry feed to verify the application effect in antibiotic-free chicken farming.

[0032] 1. Experimental Materials 240 3-day-old white-feathered broiler chickens with the same health status; Mixed fermented feed additives prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-5; ofloxacin; basic poultry feed; the basic poultry feed comprises the following components by weight: 20 parts of corn, 18 parts of sorghum, 20 parts of wheat, 18 parts of wheat bran, 12 parts of soybean meal, 3 parts of meat and bone meal, 1 part of calcium bicarbonate, 1 part of salt, and 0.6 parts of mildew inhibitor.

[0033] 2. Experimental Methods The 3-day-old white-feathered broilers with the same health conditions were randomly divided into 8 groups, 30 in each group. The blank group was fed with basic poultry feed; the control group was fed with basic poultry feed and added with ofloxacin (45 g per ton of feed); the Example 1 group was fed with basic poultry feed and added with the mixed fermented feed additive prepared in Example 1; the Comparative Examples 1-5 groups were fed with basic poultry feed and added with the mixed fermented feed additive prepared in Comparative Examples 1-5. The chickens were raised for 40 days under the same antibiotic-free breeding conditions.

[0034] 3. Index determination 3.1 Survival rate and weight index Count the survival rate and average weight of chicks; 3.2 Serum immune indexes On the first day after the end of the experiment, 10 chickens were randomly selected from each group, blood was collected from the subwing vein, 5 mL was collected in a coagulant tube, and after standing for 20 minutes, centrifuged at 2000r / min for 15 minutes, 0.5-1.0 mL of the supernatant was aspirated and injected into a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube, marked with the group and date, and stored at -20℃ for the test of serum immune indicators.

[0035] 4. Experimental Results 4.1 The effects of the mixed fermented feed additive of the present invention on the survival rate and average weight of chicks are shown in Table 2.

[0036] Table 2: Effect of the mixed fermented feed additive of the present invention on the survival rate and average weight of chickens

[0037] As shown in Table 2, the average weight and survival rate of the chicks were significantly increased by adding the mixed fermented feed additive prepared in Example 1, while the survival rate of the chicks using ofloxacin reached 100%, but the average weight was significantly higher than that of the chicks in Example 1. Compared with the blank group, the average weight and survival rate of the chicks in the comparative group were increased, but also significantly lower than those of the chicks in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0038] 4.2 The effects of the mixed fermented feed additive of the present invention on the serum immune indexes of white-feathered broilers are shown in Table 3.

[0039] Table 3: Effect of the mixed fermented feed additive of the present invention on serum immune indexes of white-feathered broilers

[0040] As shown in Table 3, after adding the mixed fermented feed additive prepared in Example 1, the serum immune index IgG content and IgM content of the white-feathered broilers in the Example 1 group were significantly higher than those in the blank group, the control group and the comparative examples 1-5. The increase in the IgG content and IgM content in the serum indicates that the immune system of the broilers has been strengthened, which shows that the mixed fermented feed additive of the present invention can improve the immunity of broilers, which helps to improve the antiviral and anti-infection performance of broilers, and also helps broilers resist oxidative stress, which is of great significance for improving the health level and production performance of broilers, and is conducive to the antibiotic-free breeding of broilers.

[0041] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for antibiotic-free poultry farming, characterized in that: The antibiotic-free breeding method uses mixed fermented feed to feed poultry, wherein the mixed fermented feed includes basic poultry feed and mixed fermented feed additives, and the raw materials of the mixed fermented feed additives are composed of a matrix, a complex enzyme and a fermentation bacterial agent; The matrix is ​​composed of the following components by weight: 6-10 parts of rice bran meal, 6-10 parts of corn bran, 5-8 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 5-8 parts of citrus residue, 3-8 parts of purple potato peel, 3-8 parts of white radish peel, 5-10 parts of white radish tops, 1-5 parts of isatis indigo leaves, 1-5 parts of hawthorn, 1-3 parts of burdock seeds and 1-3 parts of dandelion; the composite enzyme is 0.5-1 parts by weight; the fermentation bacterial liquid is 0.5-1.5 parts by weight; The complex enzyme is composed of the following components by weight: 0.2-0.7 parts of pectinase, 0.1-0.6 parts of phytase and 0.2-0.7 parts of α-galactosidase; The fermentation bacteria agent is composed of the following components by weight: 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 0.3-1.3 parts of Candida albicans; The basic poultry feed comprises the following components by weight: 15-25 parts of corn, 15-25 parts of sorghum, 15-25 parts of wheat, 10-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 1-3 parts of meat and bone meal, 1-3 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1-2 parts of salt, and 0.5-1 parts of mildew inhibitor.

2. The method for antibiotic-free poultry breeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic poultry feed comprises the following components by weight: 18-22 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of sorghum, 18-22 parts of wheat, 15-20 parts of wheat bran, 10-15 parts of soybean meal, 2-3 parts of meat and bone meal, 1-2 parts of calcium bicarbonate, 1-1.5 parts of salt, and 0.5-0.8 parts of mildew inhibitor.

3. A mixed fermented feed additive, characterized in that: The mixed fermentation feed additive raw material is composed of a matrix, a complex enzyme and a fermentation bacterial agent; The matrix is ​​composed of the following components by weight: 6-10 parts of rice bran meal, 6-10 parts of corn bran, 5-8 parts of sugarcane bagasse, 5-8 parts of citrus residue, 3-8 parts of purple potato peel, 3-8 parts of white radish peel, 5-10 parts of white radish tops, 1-5 parts of isatis indigo leaves, 1-5 parts of hawthorn, 1-3 parts of burdock seeds and 1-3 parts of dandelion; the composite enzyme is 0.5-1 parts by weight; the fermentation bacterial liquid is 0.5-1.5 parts by weight; The complex enzyme is composed of the following components by weight: 0.2-0.7 parts of pectinase, 0.1-0.6 parts of phytase and 0.2-0.7 parts of α-galactosidase; The fermentation bacteria agent consists of the following components by weight: 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus delbrueckii, 0.1-1.1 parts of Lactobacillus rhamnosus and 0.3-1.3 parts of Candida albicans.

4. The method for preparing the mixed fermented feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Crush and sieve rice bran, corn bran, bagasse, citrus pulp, purple potato peel, white radish peel, white radish top, isatis indigo leaf, hawthorn, burdock fruit and dandelion, mix the obtained mixture with water to a water content of 36% to 52%, and sterilize by heating to obtain a culture medium; (2) adding pectinase, phytase and α-galactosidase to the culture medium prepared in step (1) for enzymolysis, and after the enzymolysis is completed, heating and inactivating the enzymes to obtain an enzymolysate; (3) Add malic acid to the enzymatic hydrolysate obtained in step (2), adjust the pH to 6.5-7.5, add Lactobacillus delbrueckii, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Candida albicans to carry out fermentation, and obtain a fermented product after the fermentation is completed, and obtain a mixed fermented feed additive through drying.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 30-35°C and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 3-5h.

6. The preparation method according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that: In step (3), the fermentation temperature is 31-34°C and the fermentation time is 15-18h.

7. Use of the mixed fermented feed additive according to claim 3 or the mixed fermented feed additive prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 4 to 6 in antibiotic-free poultry breeding.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The poultry are chickens, ducks and geese.

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