High-altitude insurance loss monitoring method and system based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude insurance loss monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things, and belongs to the technical field of high-altitude operation safety, and the method comprises the steps: S1, obtaining a plurality of feature parameters of a corresponding user through each intelligent hook, transmitting the plurality of characteristic parameters of each intelligent hook and the on-off state and identifier of each intelligent hook as each first data to a lora gateway; s2, under the encryption condition of the hybrid encryption unit, receiving each first data in the lora gateway by using the server, and transmitting the first data to a remote terminal; and S3, the remote terminal obtains each characteristic parameter and each switch state of the two intelligent hooks corresponding to each user according to the first data, calculates second data corresponding to each user with the dangerous case, and sends each second data to each intelligent hook corresponding to each user with the dangerous case. According to the invention, a lora wireless communication protocol is utilized to realize the safety control of the remote terminal on multiple groups of intelligent safety hooks, so that one machine can realize multiple control and the safety is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-altitude work safety technology, specifically to a high-altitude failure monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things. Background Technology

[0002] Working at heights is frequently involved in fields such as construction and power grids. Working at heights is inherently dangerous and requires adequate protection for workers to ensure their personal safety.

[0003] Currently, workers performing high-altitude operations are often required to wear intelligent safety helmets or intelligent safety belts and other intelligent safety equipment. These intelligent safety devices can transmit their operating status to remote terminals in real time via the Internet of Things, enabling remote terminals to monitor workers and provide timely rescue in case of emergencies.

[0004] Taking a high-altitude operation alarm device for power transmission towers (patent number CN116453293A) as an example, this document mainly includes an operation terminal, a ground terminal, and a cloud data platform. The operation terminal uses sensors to monitor the suspension status of the hooks on the power transmission tower and generates corresponding electrical signals that are transmitted to the main control board. The main control board controls the first alarm module to issue a corresponding first alarm message based on the electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to the wireless signal module at the ground terminal via a signal transmitter. The control board controls the second alarm module to issue a second alarm message based on the received electrical signal, and transmits the second alarm message and the operation location information collected by the positioning module to the cloud data platform via an IoT module. The cloud data platform is used to statistically analyze the second alarm message and the operation location information to generate an operation report. Throughout the entire high-altitude operation alarm process on the power transmission tower, the dual hooks are identified using a combination of infrared sensors and pressure sensors, improving the accuracy of the identification and judgment.

[0005] This document discloses a scheme for using the Internet of Things (IoT) to safely monitor the two hooks of a worker at height, thereby providing timely early warnings via the IoT when hook problems occur. However, this scheme has at least three problems:

[0006] 1) It only describes the hook detection for a single high-altitude worker, without mentioning any features of multi-machine control, which does not conform to the actual situation where a single terminal often needs to monitor and distinguish multiple user terminals simultaneously;

[0007] 2) When it comes to IoT transmission, a detailed IoT solution is not provided. Currently, mainstream 4G / 5G IoT solutions can achieve long-distance IoT transmission of big data, but they rely too much on operator network base stations and have high power consumption. Furthermore, for high-altitude operations, although it may be possible to control multiple devices at the same time, the actual coverage distance of each terminal is often not very far. This is because if the distance is too far, the intermediate processes and time consumption will increase, which will lead to poor real-time monitoring and high latency. Therefore, choosing IoT technologies that can cover short to medium distances is a more suitable solution.

[0008] 3) Remote terminals and intelligent security devices mainly monitor the usage of equipment and then determine whether the user has a problem. This judgment effect is too simple and cannot meet the needs of complex actual operating environments. Consequently, the monitoring and protection of users is not comprehensive enough. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to propose a high-altitude safety monitoring method and system based on the Internet of Things. It utilizes the LoRa wireless communication protocol to enable remote terminal control of multiple sets of intelligent safety hooks, achieving multi-control with a single device. At the same time, an AES encryption unit is added to encrypt the control process data, further enhancing security. A forced opening mechanism is also set up to prevent high-altitude workers from being unable to escape in emergency situations.

[0010] A method for monitoring high-altitude safety features based on the Internet of Things, the method comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1. Obtain multiple characteristic parameters of the corresponding user using each smart hook, and then transmit the multiple characteristic parameters of each smart hook, the on / off status of each smart hook, and the identifier of each smart hook as the first data to the LoRa gateway; wherein, each user uses two smart hooks.

[0012] S2. Under the encryption conditions of the hybrid encryption unit, the server receives each first data in the LoRa gateway of step S1 and then transmits it to the remote terminal.

[0013] S3. Based on each first data in step S2, the remote terminal obtains each characteristic parameter and each switch state of the two smart hooks corresponding to each user, calculates the second data corresponding to each user with a risk, and sends each second data to each smart hook corresponding to each user with a risk.

[0014] Optionally, the multiple characteristic parameters acquired by each smart hook in step S1 include body temperature, altitude, motion status, and wind force.

[0015] Optionally, each smart hook in step S1 has the same structure, and each smart hook is provided with a contact switch, a locking component, an MCU, multiple sensors, a voice module, a battery, and a LoRa terminal; the contact switch is used to switch the locking component on and off, the multiple sensors are used to acquire multiple feature parameters and transmit them to the MCU, the MCU is used to acquire the on / off state of the locking component or to control the locking component, the MCU is also used to control the voice module to provide voice reminders and to interact with the LoRa terminal, and the battery is used to power the multiple sensors, the MCU, the voice module, and the LoRa terminal.

[0016] Optionally, in step S1, an anti-double unlocking mechanism and a forced double unlocking mechanism are set between the two smart hooks worn by each user. The anti-double unlocking mechanism is used to control that at least one of the two smart hooks corresponding to each user is in a closed state; the forced double unlocking mechanism is used to force each user to open the two smart hooks corresponding to them.

[0017] Optionally, in step S2, the hybrid encryption unit uses a hybrid encryption method of RSA and AES encryption to encrypt the data transmitted by the server.

[0018] Optionally, in step S3, after the remote terminal obtains each first data, it identifies the two smart hooks corresponding to each user based on each identifier, calculates the two sets of multiple feature parameters and two switch states corresponding to each user, obtains the calculation result corresponding to each user, and determines whether the corresponding user is in danger based on each calculation result.

[0019] Optionally, the remote terminal in step S3 is equipped with an analysis and identification unit, a calculation unit, a storage unit, a mode conversion unit, and a control unit; the analysis and identification unit is used to distinguish the two smart hooks corresponding to each user; the calculation unit is used to calculate the two sets of multiple characteristic parameters and two switch states corresponding to each user to obtain each calculation result; the storage unit is used to store the calculation results, each first data, and each second data; the control unit is used by the operator of the remote terminal to control whether to send each second data to the smart hook; the mode conversion unit is used to control the operating state of the remote terminal, and the mode conversion unit is equipped with a stop mode, a sleep mode, a standby mode, and a normal operation mode.

[0020] Optionally, the package may also include the following steps:

[0021] S4. When the locking component receives an open or unlock signal, the MCU determines whether the open or unlock signal is triggered on-site by the high-altitude worker or remotely by a remote terminal.

[0022] S5. When the MCU determines that the open or unlock signal is triggered by a worker at height, it determines whether the work is done by a single person or multiple people. If the work is done by a single person, the MCU asks via voice module whether it is certain that the locking component needs to be opened or unlocked. If the voice module receives a "yes" response, the MCU opens or unlocks the locking component. If the voice module does not receive a response within a preset time, the MCU automatically alarms the remote terminal. The remote terminal determines whether the data values ​​of the height sensor and / or temperature sensor of the worker at height change within a set time exceeds a set threshold, and issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue. If the threshold is exceeded, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue. If the threshold is not exceeded, the remote terminal asks "Is it safe?" a set number of times via the MCU's voice module. If no response is received after the set number of attempts, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue.

[0023] When multiple people are involved in a high-altitude operation, the MCU communicates with the remote terminal, which then controls the voice modules of the smart safety hooks of multiple workers to ask "Are there any other workers operating the contact switches?" When a voice module receives a "yes" response, the remote terminal closes or locks the open or unlock signal. If no "yes" response is received by a voice module within a set time, the remote terminal uses the MCU's voice module to ask "Is it safe?" a set number of times. If no response is received after the set number of times, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges for rescue.

[0024] S6. When the MCU determines that the open or unlock signal is remotely triggered by the remote terminal, the MCU encrypts the identifier corresponding to the hook through the LoRa terminal to obtain an encrypted signal. The MCU transmits the encrypted signal to the remote terminal. If no response is received from the remote terminal within a preset time or the remote terminal does not send an instruction to upload the encrypted signal, the MCU closes or locks the open or unlock signal.

[0025] Optionally, step S6 further includes:

[0026] The MCU encrypts the data value of the first data through the LoRa terminal to obtain a secondary encryption signal. The MCU transmits the secondary encryption signal to the remote terminal. If no response is received from the remote terminal within a preset time, or if the remote terminal does not send an instruction to upload the secondary encryption signal, or if the data value of the height sensor and / or temperature sensor decoded by the remote terminal is different from the data in the storage unit, the MCU closes or locks the open or unlock signal.

[0027] A high-altitude safety monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) includes multiple smart hooks, a LoRa gateway, a server, a hybrid encryption unit, and a remote terminal. Each smart hook acquires multiple characteristic parameters of its corresponding user, and then transmits these parameters, along with the hook's on / off status and identifier, as first data to the LoRa gateway. Each user uses two smart hooks. The LoRa gateway is used to transmit each first data in conjunction with the server. The server transmits each first data to the remote terminal under encryption by the hybrid encryption unit. The remote terminal performs calculations on each first data, obtains the calculation results for each user, identifies each user with a potential hazard, and then sends second data to the smart hook corresponding to each user with a potential hazard.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0029] (1) Compared with the commonly used 4G / 5G for IoT communication, this application uses LoRa communication as the IoT communication method, which has lower power consumption, LoRa communication is not a public network, improves security, and does not rely on operator base stations.

[0030] (2) It can control multiple devices simultaneously. The remote terminal can accurately identify the two smart hooks corresponding to each user at the same time, thereby effectively monitoring the safety of multiple high-altitude workers at the same time. It is far more efficient than the current single-user control and more suitable for actual use.

[0031] (3) A hybrid encryption unit has been added to encrypt the transmitted data, which further enhances the security of LoRa communication based on the security of a non-public network.

[0032] (4) It is equipped with a double-unlocking prevention mechanism and a forced double-unlocking mechanism, which not only monitors the user's security, but also gives the user more ways to deal with dangerous situations. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things-based high-altitude safety monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the intelligent safety hook according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the remote terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a high-altitude loss-of-safety monitoring method based on the Internet of Things, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 4 A flowchart of an IoT-based high-altitude safety monitoring method; such as Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an IoT-based high-altitude safety monitoring system; combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 The IoT communication shown is a remote terminal that uses LoRa communication to remotely monitor multiple workers at heights to ensure their safety.

[0040] The method includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Obtain multiple characteristic parameters of the corresponding user using each smart hook, and then transmit the multiple characteristic parameters of each smart hook, the on / off status of each smart hook, and the identifier of each smart hook as the first data to the LoRa gateway; wherein, each user uses two smart hooks.

[0042] In step S1, each smart hook acquires multiple characteristic parameters, including at least body temperature, altitude, movement status, and wind force. Each characteristic parameter can be collected by a corresponding type of sensor. Taking high-altitude operations in the power grid as an example, high-altitude workers are subject to corresponding safety regulations and standards. These regulations vary depending on the altitude and wind conditions. Therefore, acquiring altitude and wind force data can serve as partial parameters for determining whether a user is in a dangerous operating situation. Movement status relates to the user's current state. If the movement status is characterized by back-and-forth motion or other disordered motion, it often indicates that the user is currently in a dangerous situation. Optionally, movement status can be the user's speed change. Body temperature monitors the user's current body temperature to prevent accidents such as heatstroke.

[0043] like Figure 2 The diagram shows the internal structure of an intelligent safety hook. Each intelligent hook in step S1 has the same structure, and each intelligent hook is equipped with a contact switch, a locking component, an MCU, multiple sensors, a voice module, a battery, and a LoRa terminal.

[0044] Contact switches are used to control the opening and closing of locking components; that is, contact switches can open and close the locking components.

[0045] Multiple sensors, such as temperature and height sensors, are used to acquire multiple characteristic parameters and transmit them to the MCU. The MCU has a built-in identifier for each hook, which is equivalent to the sequence number of the hook, used for differentiation during subsequent data transmission. For example, user 1 uses smart hooks 11 and 12, user 2 uses smart hooks 21 and 22, ..., user N uses smart hooks N1 and N2, where N is a positive integer greater than 2. The MCU is used to acquire the on / off status of the locking components or to control the locking components. The MCU is also used to control the voice module to provide voice prompts and to interact with the LoRa terminal. The battery can be a rechargeable battery, used to power multiple sensors, the MCU, the voice module, and the LoRa terminal.

[0046] Furthermore, it should be noted that for any user, the two smart hooks can be freely switched on and off using contact switches before use. However, only after the user has secured the two smart hooks with a safety harness and reached a height will the two smart hooks officially operate under the control of the remote terminal. After official operation, taking user 1 using smart hooks 11 and 12 as an example, both hooks are initially closed. When the user reaches a certain position and needs to unfasten one hook before starting work, user 1 presses the contact switch. Following the sequence of contact switch, locking component, MCU, LoRa module, LoRa gateway, and server, the request is ultimately transmitted to the remote terminal. The remote terminal detects that both smart hooks are currently closed, complying with safety regulations, and therefore allows the operation. The permission command is then transmitted back to the MCU as secondary data, and the MCU then controls the locking component to open.

[0047] In step S1, each user's two smart hooks are equipped with an anti-double-unlock mechanism and a forced double-unlock mechanism. The anti-double-unlock mechanism ensures that at least one of the two smart hooks for each user is in the closed state, guaranteeing that at least one smart hook is operational under normal circumstances. The forced double-unlock mechanism is designed to handle certain emergency situations, allowing each user to forcibly open both smart hooks. When the contact switch is pressed and held for a period of time until the forced opening time, the locking component will be forcibly released. After prolonged work, high-altitude workers may encounter situations where they need to simultaneously open both smart safety hooks, such as when both hooks are stuck at a height, preventing them from escaping, or when the worker is very close to or has reached the ground but neither hook can be opened. In such cases, since the default setting under remote terminal control prevents simultaneous opening of both smart safety hooks, the forced opening mechanism is implemented to prevent high-altitude workers from being trapped in a locked state under specific circumstances.

[0048] Furthermore, during the actual operation of the system, special abnormal situations may occur, such as malfunctions of some system devices, power outages, or brief electromagnetic interference. In such cases, the remote terminal may be temporarily unable to transmit data, preventing the user from escaping. Therefore, the forced opening mechanism can be further subdivided. Firstly, when the contact switch is pressed and held for a certain period of time, such as 30 seconds, the remote terminal receives the forced request and allows both smart safety hooks to be forcibly opened simultaneously. Secondly, if the remote terminal does not respond when the contact switch is pressed and held for a certain period of time, such as 30 seconds, the user can continue to press and hold until a second period of time, such as 60 seconds, at which point both smart hooks will automatically force open, allowing the user to escape.

[0049] S2. Under the encryption conditions of the hybrid encryption unit, the server receives each piece of first data from the LoRa gateway in step S1 and then transmits it to the remote terminal. The hybrid encryption unit can use a hybrid encryption method of RSA and AES encryption to encrypt the data transmitted by the server. At either end of the transmission, the sending end first uses AES encryption to encrypt the transmitted data, and then uses RSA encryption to perform secondary encryption and management on the key corresponding to the AES encryption. The receiving end decrypts the data according to the key and finally restores the encrypted data.

[0050] Since LoRa communication is not a public network, it is far less likely to be attacked than public networks such as 4G / 5G. In addition, the use of hybrid encryption for further security is sufficient to ensure the security of data transmission.

[0051] S3. Based on each first data in step S2, the remote terminal obtains each feature parameter and each switch state of the two smart hooks corresponding to each user, calculates each user with a risk and generates each second data, and sends each second data to each smart hook corresponding to each user with a risk.

[0052] In step S3, after the remote terminal obtains each first data, it identifies the two smart hooks corresponding to each user based on each identifier, calculates the two sets of multiple feature parameters and two switch states corresponding to each user, obtains the calculation result corresponding to each user, and judges whether the corresponding user is in danger based on each calculation result.

[0053] like Figure 3The diagram shows the structure of a remote terminal. The remote terminal includes an analysis and identification unit, a calculation unit, a storage unit, a mode conversion unit, and a control unit. The analysis and identification unit distinguishes between the two smart hooks corresponding to each user. The calculation unit calculates multiple characteristic parameters and two switch states corresponding to each user, obtaining each calculation result. The storage unit stores the calculation results, each first data point, and each second data point. The control unit allows the operator of the remote terminal to control whether to send each second data point to the smart hook. The mode conversion unit controls the operating state of the remote terminal and includes a stop mode, a sleep mode, a standby mode, and a normal operation mode.

[0054] An IoT-based high-altitude accident monitoring system includes multiple smart hooks, a LoRa gateway, a server, a hybrid encryption unit, and a remote terminal. Each smart hook acquires multiple characteristic parameters of its corresponding user. These parameters, along with the smart hook's on / off status and identifier, are transmitted as first data to the LoRa gateway. Each user uses two smart hooks. The LoRa gateway is used to transmit each first data along with the server. The server transmits each first data to the remote terminal under the encryption of the hybrid encryption unit. The remote terminal performs calculations on each first data, obtaining the calculation results for each user and identifying each user with a potential hazard. Then, it sends second data to the smart hook corresponding to each user with a potential hazard. Detailed advantages of this system can be found in the specific description of the aforementioned IoT-based high-altitude accident monitoring method, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] In summary, this invention utilizes LoRa communication as a remote terminal for the secure control of multiple smart hooks, eliminating the need for operator base stations. Combined with various operating modes, it significantly reduces power consumption. Furthermore, it accurately identifies the two smart hooks corresponding to each user, enabling multi-hook control from a single device. Simultaneously, the addition of an AES encryption unit encrypts data during the control process, further enhancing data transmission security on top of the inherent security of LoRa communication as a non-public network. Moreover, the invention incorporates anti-double-decryption and forced-open mechanisms to prevent workers at height from being trapped in emergency situations, making it more user-friendly and demonstrating significant advancements.

[0056] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment is an improvement based on Embodiment 1.

[0059] The IoT-based method for high-altitude unsafe monitoring also includes the following steps:

[0060] S4. When the locking component receives an open or unlock signal, the MCU determines whether the open or unlock signal is triggered on-site by the high-altitude worker or remotely by a remote terminal.

[0061] S5. When the MCU determines that the open or unlock signal is triggered by a worker at height, it determines whether the work is done by a single person or multiple people. If the work is done by a single person, the MCU asks via voice module whether it is certain that the locking component needs to be opened or unlocked. If the voice module receives a "yes" response, the MCU opens or unlocks the locking component. If the voice module does not receive a response within a preset time, the MCU automatically alarms the remote terminal. The remote terminal determines whether the data values ​​of the height sensor and / or temperature sensor of the worker at height change within a set time exceeds a set threshold, and issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue. If the threshold is exceeded, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue. If the threshold is not exceeded, the remote terminal asks "Is it safe?" a set number of times via the MCU's voice module. If no response is received after the set number of attempts, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue.

[0062] When multiple people are involved in a high-altitude operation, the MCU communicates with the remote terminal, which then controls the voice modules of the smart safety hooks of multiple workers to ask "whether other workers' contact switches have been accidentally touched." When a voice module receives a "yes" response, the remote terminal closes or locks the open or unlock signal. If no "yes" response is received by a voice module within a set time, the remote terminal uses the MCU's voice module to ask "is it safe?" a set number of times. If no response is received after the set number of times, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges for rescue.

[0063] Optionally, when multiple people are involved in the high-altitude operation, the MCU communicates with the remote terminal, and the remote terminal controls the voice modules of the intelligent safety hooks of multiple workers to ask "Are there any other workers operating the contact switches?" When a voice module receives a "yes" response, the remote terminal closes or locks the open or unlock signal. If no voice module receives a "yes" response within a set time, the remote terminal asks "Is it safe?" a set number of times through the MCU's voice module. If no response is received after the set number of times, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual alarm and arranges for rescue.

[0064] The set time can be 1-20s, the set threshold for the height sensor can be 2-30m, and the set threshold for the temperature sensor can be 1-10℃. This embodiment considers that if the height or temperature of the worker changes suddenly during high-altitude operations, in order to avoid danger to the worker, the remote terminal will determine whether the change in the data value of the height sensor or temperature sensor of the worker exceeds the set threshold within the set time, and issue an audible and visual alarm and arrange rescue, thereby improving safety.

[0065] Optionally, the number of times can be set to 2-10.

[0066] S6. When the MCU determines that the open or unlock signal is remotely triggered by the remote terminal, the MCU encrypts the identifier corresponding to the hook through the LoRa terminal to obtain an encrypted signal. The MCU transmits the encrypted signal to the remote terminal. If no response is received from the remote terminal within a preset time or the remote terminal does not send an instruction to upload the encrypted signal, the MCU closes or locks the open or unlock signal.

[0067] This prevents security incidents caused by network attacks where the locking component receives open or unlock signals.

[0068] Optionally, to further improve the security threshold, the MCU encrypts the data value of the first data through the LoRa terminal to obtain a secondary encryption signal. The MCU transmits the secondary encryption signal to the remote terminal. If no response is received from the remote terminal within a preset time, or if the remote terminal does not send an instruction to upload the secondary encryption signal, or if the data value of the height sensor and / or temperature sensor decoded by the remote terminal is different from the data in the storage unit, the MCU closes or locks the open or unlock signal.

[0069] When subjected to a cyberattack, the attacker cannot know the composition of the first data and therefore cannot crack the secondary encryption signal, thus improving security.

[0070] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Use each smart hook to obtain multiple characteristic parameters of the corresponding user, and then transmit the multiple characteristic parameters of each smart hook, the switch state and identifier of each smart hook as each first data to the lora gateway; wherein each user uses two smart hooks; S2, under the encryption condition of the hybrid encryption unit, using the server to receive each first data in the lora gateway of step S1, and then transmitting it to the remote terminal; S3. Based on each first data in step S2, the remote terminal obtains each characteristic parameter and each switch state of the two smart hooks corresponding to each user, calculates the second data corresponding to each user in danger, and sends each second data to each smart hook corresponding to each user in danger.

2. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, each smart hook obtains multiple characteristic parameters including body temperature, altitude, movement state and wind force.

3. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The structure of each smart hook in step S1 is the same, and each smart hook is provided with a contact switch, a locking component, an MCU, multiple sensors, a voice module, a battery and a lora terminal; the contact switch is used to switch the locking component, the multiple sensors are used to obtain multiple characteristic parameters and transmit them to the MCU, the MCU is used to obtain the switch state of the locking component or control the locking component, the MCU is also used to control the voice module for voice reminders and for interacting with the lora terminal, and the battery is used to power multiple sensors, the MCU, the voice module and the lora terminal.

4. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S1, an anti-double-unlocking mechanism and a forced double-unlocking mechanism are set between the two smart hooks worn by each user, wherein the anti-double-unlocking mechanism is used to control at least one of the two smart hooks corresponding to each user to be in a closed state; the forced double-unlocking mechanism is used to force each user to open the corresponding two smart hooks.

5. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the hybrid encryption unit uses a hybrid encryption method of RSA encryption and AES encryption to encrypt the data transmitted by the server.

6. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, after the remote terminal obtains each first data, it identifies the two smart hooks corresponding to each user based on each identifier, calculates the two groups of multiple characteristic parameters and two switch states corresponding to each user respectively, obtains the calculation result corresponding to each user, and judges whether the corresponding user is in danger based on each calculation result.

7. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S3, the remote terminal is provided with an analysis and identification unit, a calculation unit, a storage unit, a mode conversion unit and a control unit; the analysis and identification unit is used to distinguish the two smart hooks corresponding to each user; The calculation unit is used to calculate two groups of multiple characteristic parameters and two switch states corresponding to each user to obtain each calculation result; the storage unit is used to store the calculation results, each first data and each second data; the control unit is used for the operator of the remote terminal to control whether to send each second data to the smart hook; the mode conversion unit is used to control the operating state of the remote terminal, and the mode conversion unit is provided with a stop mode, a sleep mode, a standby mode and a normal operation mode.

8. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The package also includes the following steps: S4. When the locking component receives an opening or unlocking signal, the MCU determines whether the opening or unlocking signal is triggered on-site by a high-altitude operator or remotely by a remote terminal; S5. When the MCU determines that the opening or unlocking signal is triggered on-site by the high-altitude workers, the MCU determines whether the high-altitude work task is single-person or multi-person; when the high-altitude work task is single-person, the MCU asks through the voice module whether it is confirmed that the locking component needs to be opened or unlocked. When the voice module receives a "yes" reply, the MCU opens or unlocks the locking component; when the voice module does not receive a reply within the preset time, the MCU automatically alarms the remote terminal, and the remote terminal judges whether the data value of the height sensor and / or temperature sensor of the high-altitude workers changes within the set time and exceeds the set threshold, and then gives an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue; when the set threshold is exceeded, the remote terminal gives an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue; when the set threshold is not exceeded, the remote terminal asks "Is it safe" a set number of times through the MCU's voice module. When no reply is received after the set number of times, the remote terminal gives an audible and visual alarm and arranges rescue; When multiple people are working on the aerial work, the MCU communicates with the remote terminal, and the remote terminal controls the voice modules of the intelligent safety hooks of the multiple workers to ask "whether there are other workers operating the contact switch". When a voice module receives a "yes" reply, the remote terminal closes or locks the opening or unlocking signal; when no voice module receives a "yes" reply within the set time, the remote terminal inquires "whether it is safe" a set number of times through the voice module of the MCU. If no reply is received after the set number of times, the remote terminal issues an audible and visual warning and arranges rescue; S6. When the MCU determines that the opening or unlocking signal is remotely triggered by the remote terminal, the MCU encrypts the identifier corresponding to the hook through the lora terminal to obtain an encrypted signal. The MCU transmits the encrypted signal to the remote terminal. If no reply is received from the remote terminal within the preset time or the remote terminal does not send an instruction to upload the encrypted signal, the MCU turns off or locks the opening or unlocking signal.

9. The high-altitude loss of security monitoring method based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8 is characterized in that: Step S6 also includes: The MCU encrypts the data value of the first data through the lora terminal to obtain a secondary encrypted signal, and the MCU transmits the secondary encrypted signal to the remote terminal. If no reply is received from the remote terminal within the preset time or the remote terminal does not send an instruction to upload the secondary encrypted signal, or the data value of the height sensor and / or temperature sensor decoded by the remote terminal is different from the data in the storage unit, the MCU turns off or locks the opening or unlocking signal.

10. A high-altitude loss of security monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, which is operated by the monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system includes multiple smart hooks, a lora gateway, a server, a hybrid encryption unit and a remote terminal; wherein each smart hook is used to obtain multiple characteristic parameters of the corresponding user, and then transmit the multiple characteristic parameters of each smart hook, the switch state and the identifier of each smart hook as each first data to the lora gateway, and each user uses two smart hooks; the lora gateway is used to transmit each first data to the server; the server transmits each first data to the remote terminal under the encryption of the hybrid encryption unit; the remote terminal is used to calculate each first data, obtain each calculation result corresponding to each user and determine each user in danger, and then send each second data to the smart hook corresponding to each user in danger.

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