Method for intercropping cultivation of golden camellia by dalbergia odorifera

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for intercropping and cultivating golden camellia by dalbergia odorifera. The method comprises the following steps: selecting tree species, namely selecting golden camellia which is at least 3 years old and dalbergia odorifera plants which are at least 7 years old; the soil preparation depth is controlled to be 30-35 cm, and fertilization treatment is conducted while soil preparation is conducted; the plant spacing of the dalbergia odorifera is controlled to be 7-8 m, the row spacing of the dalbergia odorifera is controlled to be 7-8 m, 3-4 golden camellia plants are planted between the dalbergia odorifera plants, and vegetables are planted between every two rows of dalbergia odorifera; field management: weeding, irrigation and fertilization. The cultivation method is beneficial for improving the maturing rate, the preservation rate and the yield of the golden camellia and the land utilization rate, and has certain economic benefits and application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for cultivating golden camellia, and in particular to a method for cultivating golden camellia by intercropping huanghuali. Background Art

[0002] Camellia chrysantha is a typical shade plant that cannot tolerate direct sunlight. It grows vigorously in a shaded environment and grows poorly in a shaded environment. In addition, Camellia chrysantha is not drought-tolerant, and lack of water will inhibit its photosynthesis.

[0003] The traditional planting model uses Camellia chrysantha as a single tree species. This model has problems such as low land utilization rate, large labor input, and single output, and the economic benefits are subject to high risk of market influence. Summary of the invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: The present invention aims to provide a method for intercropping camellia chrysantha with huanghuali, which is beneficial to improving the maturity rate, preservation rate and yield of camellia chrysantha and land utilization rate.

[0005] Technical solution: The method for intercropping huanghuali with golden camellia of the present invention is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0006] Tree species selection: Choose at least 3-year-old Camellia chrysantha and at least 7-year-old Pear trees;

[0007] Land preparation: The depth of land preparation should be controlled at 30-35cm, and fertilization should be carried out at the same time;

[0008] Transplanting and planting: Control the distance between huanghuali trees to 7-8m, and the row spacing to 7-8m. Plant 3-4 golden camellias between each huanghuali tree, and plant vegetables between each row of huanghuali trees.

[0009] Field management: weeding, irrigation, fertilization.

[0010] Preferably, the tree species selected are Camellia chrysantha and Pyrus huanghuali plants that are healthy and free of diseases and insect pests, and both Camellia chrysantha and Pyrus huanghuali are selected as seedlings.

[0011] Preferably, the land preparation time is autumn of the previous year.

[0012] Preferably, the fertilization includes applying decomposed farmyard manure, superphosphate and / or ferrous sulfate, and the application amount of the decomposed farmyard manure is 30-32 t / hm 2 , the application rate of calcium phosphate is 700-710kg / hm 2 The application rate of ferrous sulfate is 230-250kg / hm 2 .

[0013] Preferably, the vegetables are rapeseed and corn.

[0014] Preferably, in the field management, fertilization is performed by applying compound fertilizer mainly composed of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer in early to mid-May, with 40-50g of nitrogen, 15-20g of phosphorus and 15-20g of potassium applied per plant, and applying compound fertilizer mainly composed of phosphorus and potassium in late July to early August, with 50-60g of phosphorus, 30-40g of potassium and 15-20g of nitrogen applied per plant. When deep plowing is carried out at the end of February and the beginning of March each year, organic fertilizer is evenly applied to the area where the roots of the catalpa saplings are concentrated and in the soil layer kept moist, with 25-30g per plant.

[0015] Preferably, water thoroughly after each fertilization.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: it is conducive to improving the maturity rate, preservation rate, yield and land utilization rate of Camellia chrysantha; this planting mode avoids direct sunlight on Camellia chrysantha during the high temperature in summer, and the light transmitted into the forest is relatively weak, and the air humidity in the forest environment is relatively high, which provides favorable growth conditions for Camellia chrysantha and improves the maturity rate, preservation rate and yield of Camellia chrysantha; at the same time, rapeseed and wheat are also planted in the forest, which improves land utilization rate and increases income, and has certain economic benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0018] Example

[0019] The method steps of intercropping huanghuali with golden camellia are as follows:

[0020] (1) Land preparation

[0021] The best time to plant Camellia chrysantha is before the beginning of March. The best time to prepare the land is in late autumn and early winter, just after the rainy season, when the soil is loose and moist, and the mechanical resistance is not great. Land preparation can be divided into comprehensive land preparation, strip land preparation and block land preparation according to the terrain and landform conditions, and the depth of land preparation should reach 30-35cm. Appropriate basal fertilizer can be applied during land preparation, including decomposed farmyard manure, superphosphate, and ferrous sulfate. The application rate of decomposed farmyard manure is 30-32t / hm 2 , the application rate of superphosphate is 700-710kg / hm 2 The application rate of ferrous sulfate is 230-250kg / hm 2 .

[0022] (2) Comparison of survival rates of Camellia chrysantha trees of different ages

[0023] After land preparation, the camellia chrysantha was planted in early to mid-March of the following year. There are three ages of camellia chrysantha selected, namely one-year-old, two-year-old and three-year-old seedlings. During transplanting and planting, the spacing between huanghuali trees was 8m, the row spacing was 8m, and 4 camellia chrysantha were planted between huanghuali trees. The survival rate of camellia chrysantha was counted in the autumn of the same year. As shown in Table 1, there are differences in the survival rates of camellia chrysantha in three different seedlings. The three-year-old camellia chrysantha has the highest survival rate, reaching 90%, followed by the two-year-old, and the one-year-old has the lowest survival rate of only 30%.

[0024] Table 1 Survival rate of Camellia chrysantha at different ages

[0025] Age Survival rate / % First Year 30 Sophomore 50 Third year student 90

[0026] (3) Field management

[0027] During transplanting and planting, rapeseed and corn are planted between each row of huanghuali. Maintenance and management are carried out throughout the growth period, including weeding, irrigation, and fertilization. In early and mid-May each year, compound fertilizers mainly composed of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers are applied, with 40-50g of nitrogen, 15-20g of phosphorus, and 15-20g of potassium applied per plant. In late July to early August, compound fertilizers mainly composed of phosphorus and potassium are applied, with 50-60g of phosphorus, 30-40g of potassium, and 15-20g of nitrogen applied per plant. In addition, if conditions permit, organic fertilizers can be evenly applied to the areas where the roots of catalpa seedlings are concentrated and to the soil layer that remains moist during deep plowing at the end of February and the beginning of March each year, 25-30g per plant. In the third year after planting, golden camellia begins to bloom, and each plant can produce 1300-1500g of flowers.

Claims

1. A method for intercropping huanghuali with golden camellia, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Tree species selection: Choose at least 3-year-old Camellia chrysantha and at least 7-year-old Pear trees; Land preparation: The depth of land preparation should be controlled at 30-35cm, and fertilization should be carried out at the same time; Transplanting and planting: Control the distance between huanghuali trees to 7-8m, and the row spacing to 7-8m. Plant 3-4 golden camellias between each huanghuali tree, and plant vegetables between each row of huanghuali trees. Field management: weeding, irrigation, fertilization.

2. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tree species selected are Camellia chrysantha and Pyrus huanghuali plants that are healthy and free of diseases and insect pests.

3. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: Among the tree species selected, both Camellia chrysantha and Pyrus huanghuali are seedlings.

4. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The land preparation time is autumn of the previous year.

5. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization includes applying well-rotted farmyard manure, superphosphate and / or ferrous sulfate.

6. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application rate of the decomposed farmyard manure is 30-32t / hm 2 , the application rate of calcium phosphate is 700-710kg / hm 2 The application rate of ferrous sulfate is 230-250kg / hm 2 .

7. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vegetables are rapeseed and corn.

8. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the field management, fertilization is performed in early to mid-May using compound fertilizer mainly composed of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, with 40-50g of nitrogen, 15-20g of phosphorus and 15-20g of potassium applied per plant.

9. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilization is to apply compound fertilizer mainly composed of phosphorus and potassium from late July to early August, with 50-60g of phosphorus, 30-40g of potassium and 15-20g of nitrogen applied per plant.

10. The method for intercropping Camellia chrysantha with Huanghua Pear according to claim 1, characterized in that: During deep plowing at the end of February and the beginning of March each year, apply organic fertilizer evenly to the area where the roots of the catalpa saplings are concentrated and to the moist soil layer, 25-30g per plant.