Construction method of three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction method of a three-dimensional geotechnical grass planting slope protection, and relates to the field of slope protection construction methods, and the construction method comprises the following steps: cleaning and leveling a slope surface, laying a water retention base fertilizer, nailing a three-dimensional geonet pad on the slope surface, laying organic soil on the slope surface to cover the three-dimensional geonet pad so as to form an organic soil layer, spraying a seed solution containing grass seeds and required nutrients to the surface of the organic soil layer, and finally laying a non-woven fabric and performing maintenance. According to the three-dimensional geonet mat grass-planting slope protection structure, the water-retaining base fertilizer, the organic soil and the seed solution containing the grass seeds and the needed nutrients are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, layering is conducted from the structure, nutrients are provided for the grass seeds in different growth stages of the grass seeds, the germination rate of the grass seeds and the survival rate of grass seedlings are increased, and the slope protection effect of the three-dimensional geonet mat grass-planting slope protection structure is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, and in particular to a construction method for three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection. Background Art

[0002] Three-dimensional geogrid grassing refers to the use of active plants combined with engineering materials such as geosynthetics to build a self-growing protection system on the slope surface, and a new technology to reinforce the slope through the growth of plants. According to the characteristics of the slope topography, soil quality and regional climate, a layer of geosynthetics is covered on the surface of the slope and a variety of plants are planted in a certain combination and spacing. The purpose of root reinforcement and stem and leaf erosion prevention is achieved through the growth activities of plants. After the ecological slope protection technology is processed, a dense vegetation cover can be formed on the slope surface, and a tangled root system can be formed in the topsoil layer, which effectively inhibits the erosion of the slope by rainstorm runoff, increases the shear strength of the soil, reduces the pore water pressure and the self-weight of the soil, and thus greatly improves the stability and anti-scouring ability of the slope.

[0003] At present, the three-dimensional geogrid grass slope protection adopts the method of laying three-dimensional geogrid on the slope surface, backfilling soil and grass seeds to form a slope protection structure. The backfill soil and grass seed layer are supported and fixed by the three-dimensional geogrid, thereby improving the initial structural integrity of the slope protection structure from a structural perspective.

[0004] However, in actual projects, the implementation sites of three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection projects are often remote areas with complex slope conditions and difficult later maintenance. It is difficult to replenish nutrients to grass seeds in time, resulting in a low survival rate of grass seeds, which reduces the slope protection effect of the three-dimensional geonet grass slope protection structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned related technologies, the present application provides a construction method for a three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection. The present application provides nutrients for grass seeds at different stages of their growth by sequentially arranging water-retaining base fertilizer, organic soil, and seed solution containing grass seeds and the nutrients they need from bottom to top, thereby improving the germination rate of grass seeds and the survival rate of grass seedlings, and improving the slope protection effect of the three-dimensional geonet grass slope protection structure, while reducing the watering frequency in the initial stage of maintenance and reducing the difficulty of maintenance.

[0006] The present application provides a three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method using the following technical solutions: A construction method for three-dimensional geotechnical grass planting slope protection comprises the following steps: after cleaning and leveling the slope surface, water-retaining base fertilizer is laid, and a three-dimensional geonet is nailed on the slope surface, and then organic soil is laid on the slope surface to cover the three-dimensional geonet to form an organic soil layer, seed liquid containing grass seeds and nutrients required by the grass seeds is sprayed on the surface of the organic soil layer, and finally non-woven fabric is laid and maintained.

[0007] Preferably, the organic soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of peat soil, 45-55 parts of garden soil, 0.5-2 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.5-5 parts of organic fertilizer, and 0.5-2 parts of cement.

[0008] Preferably, the organic soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 50 parts of garden soil, 1 part of sodium carbonate, 1.5 parts of organic fertilizer, and 1 part of cement.

[0009] Preferably, the seed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of fungus bags, 15-25 parts of grass seeds, 0.01-0.05 parts of brassinolide, 0.01-0.05 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.1-1 parts of gibberellin, and 10-30 parts of water.

[0010] Preferably, the seed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fungus bags, 20 parts of grass seeds, 0.02 parts of brassinolide, 0.02 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 parts of gibberellin, and 20 parts of water.

[0011] Preferably, the grass seeds include one or more of ryegrass seeds, bermudagrass seeds, and zoysiagrass seeds.

[0012] Preferably, the grass seeds are ryegrass seeds.

[0013] Preferably, the water-retaining base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95-100 parts of compound fertilizer and 2-5 parts of water-retaining agent.

[0014] Preferably, the water-retaining base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 97 parts of compound fertilizer and 3 parts of water-retaining agent.

[0015] Preferably, the water retaining agent comprises one or more of seaweed powder, sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate and polyglutamic acid.

[0016] Preferably, the water retaining agent comprises seaweed powder and polyglutamic acid in a weight ratio of 1-3:1.

[0017] Preferably, the water retaining agent comprises seaweed powder and polyglutamic acid in a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0018] Preferably, the laying of organic soil comprises the following steps: mixing water and organic soil in a weight ratio of 0.4-0.6:1 and spraying.

[0019] Preferably, the laying of organic soil comprises the following steps: mixing water and organic soil in a weight ratio of 0.5:1 and spraying.

[0020] Preferably, the maintenance includes spraying water once every 6-12 days in the early stage and maintaining for 40 days.

[0021] Preferably, the maintenance includes spraying water once every 6-12 days in the early stage and maintaining for 40 days; natural rainwater maintenance in the middle stage, spraying water once a month in case of drought; and spraying water once a month in the late stage.

[0022] Preferably, the maintenance includes spraying water once every 10 days for 40 days in the early stage; natural rainwater maintenance in the middle stage, spraying water once a month in case of drought; and spraying water once a month in the late stage.

[0023] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The present application arranges water-retaining base fertilizer, organic soil and seed solution containing grass seeds and the nutrients they need from bottom to top in order, and the grass seeds germinate and the roots grow, and the grass seed roots extend from the organic soil to the water-retaining base fertilizer, thereby providing nutrients for the roots at different stages when the grass seeds grow into grass seedlings, thereby improving the survival rate of the grass seedlings and the slope protection effect of the three-dimensional geonet grass slope protection structure; 2. The present application uses a seed solution containing grass seeds and the nutrients they need to sow grass seeds, so that the grass seeds are fully in contact with the nutrients at the beginning, and the seed solution penetrates into the organic soil to provide nutrients for the germination stage of the grass seeds, thereby increasing the germination rate of the grass seeds, which is beneficial to improving the slope protection effect of the three-dimensional geonet grass slope protection structure; 3. By laying water-retaining base fertilizer on the slope, the moisture in the environment is retained and supplied to the grass seeds for absorption, which reduces the frequency of watering in the initial stage of maintenance, reduces the difficulty of maintenance, and improves the survival rate of grass seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with examples. The following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In the following examples, if specific conditions are not specified, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The methods used are conventional methods known in the art unless otherwise specified, and the consumables and reagents used are commercially available unless otherwise specified. Unless otherwise specified, the professional and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. In addition, any method or material similar or equivalent to the recorded content may also be applied to the present invention.

[0025] The raw materials used in the examples and comparative examples can be obtained from commercial sources. Peat soil is taken from plain sediments, garden soil is common cultivation soil, seaweed powder is obtained by drying and crushing Enteromorpha and kelp scraps, grass seeds are ryegrass seeds, and mushroom bags are obtained by fermenting Pleurotus ostreatus.

[0026] Example 1 Embodiment 1 of the present application discloses a construction method for three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection, comprising the following steps: (1) Slope surface preparation: Clean and level the slope surface, remove floating stones, tree roots and other debris with a diameter greater than 2 cm, to facilitate the combination of the base material and the slope surface.

[0027] (2) Laying water-retaining base fertilizer: Lay a 5 cm thick layer of water-retaining base fertilizer on the slope to preserve water for plant growth while providing nutrients. The water-retaining base fertilizer is a mixture of 97 parts by weight of compound fertilizer and 3 parts by weight of water-retaining agent. The water-retaining agent is a mixture of seaweed powder and polyglutamic acid in a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0028] (3) Nail the three-dimensional geogrid: bury one end of the three-dimensional geogrid in the soil at the top of the slope, and lay it down along the slope from top to bottom to the foot of the slope. Multiple pieces of the three-dimensional geogrid should be overlapped with each other and the overlap distance should not be less than 10 cm, so that the three-dimensional geogrid is close to the slope surface without any hanging folds.

[0029] (4) Laying of organic soil layer: Use a sprayer to spray organic soil and water in a weight ratio of 1:0.5 onto the slope surface where the three-dimensional geogrid is laid. When spraying, proceed from the front. The concave and convex parts and dead corners should be sprayed fully to ensure that the formed organic soil layer fully covers the three-dimensional geogrid. The three-dimensional geogrid should not be exposed.

[0030] The organic soil is obtained by uniformly mixing the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 50 parts of garden soil, 1 part of sodium carbonate, 1.5 parts of organic fertilizer, and 1 part of cement.

[0031] (5) Spraying seed liquid: Use a sprayer to evenly spray the seed liquid onto the organic soil layer and then lay non-woven fabric.

[0032] The seed liquid is obtained by uniformly mixing the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fungus bags, 20 parts of grass seeds, 0.02 parts of brassinolide, 0.02 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.5 parts of gibberellin, and 20 parts of water.

[0033] (6) Maintenance and management: In the early stage, spray water once every 10 days for 40 days; in the middle stage, use natural rainwater for maintenance. If there is drought, spray water once a month; in the later stage, spray water once a month.

[0034] During the growth process of grass seeds, the cement in the organic soil is hydrated to form a three-dimensional supporting skeleton in the organic soil layer to shape the organic soil layer while reserving channels for the roots of the subsequent grass seedlings. The nutrients in the seed liquid penetrate into the organic soil layer and together with the nutrients in the organic soil layer provide nutrition and moisture to the grass seeds, which is beneficial to the growth and germination of the grass seed roots and to improve the germination rate of the grass seeds. As the grass seeds continue to grow into grass seedlings after germination, the nutrient consumption required by the grass seedlings increases, and the roots of the grass seedlings continue to extend toward the water-retaining base fertilizer in the organic soil layer. At this time, the water-retaining base fertilizer and the organic soil layer continue to provide sufficient nutrients to the grass seedlings through the roots, thereby satisfying the nutrient supply of the entire process from grass seed growth to grass seedlings in stages, thereby improving the survival rate of the grass seedlings. At this time, the roots of the grass seedlings are intertwined with the three-dimensional supporting skeleton formed by the cement hydration in the organic soil layer and the three-dimensional geogrid. On the one hand, it improves the fixation effect of the grass seedlings on the organic soil, the three-dimensional geogrid and the water-retaining base fertilizer, and further improves the survival rate of the grass seedlings. On the other hand, it improves the integrity of the three-dimensional geogrid grass slope protection structure and improves the slope protection effect of the three-dimensional geogrid grass slope protection structure.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 discloses a construction method for a three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection. The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that: the water-retaining agent in the water-retaining base fertilizer used in Comparative Example 1 is obtained by mixing seaweed powder and polyglutamic acid in a weight ratio of 4:1; the organic soil is obtained by uniformly mixing the following components in weight: 40 parts of peat soil, 40 parts of garden soil, 0.5 parts of sodium carbonate, 1 part of organic fertilizer, and 1 part of cement; the seed liquid is obtained by uniformly mixing the following components in weight: 30 parts of bacterial bags, 17 parts of grass seeds, 0.01 parts of brassinolide, 0.01 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.1 parts of gibberellin, and 20 parts of water.

[0036] In the early stage of maintenance management, spray water once every 4 days and maintain for 40 days.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 discloses a construction method for a three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection. The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that: the water-retaining agent in the water-retaining base fertilizer used in Comparative Example 1 is obtained by mixing seaweed powder and polyglutamic acid in a weight ratio of 0.5:1; the organic soil is obtained by uniformly mixing the following components in weight: 60 parts of peat soil, 60 parts of garden soil, 1.5 parts of sodium carbonate, 3 parts of organic fertilizer, and 1 part of cement; the seed liquid is obtained by uniformly mixing the following components in weight: 50 parts of bacterial bags, 23 parts of grass seeds, 0.03 parts of brassinolide, 0.03 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.3 parts of gibberellin, and 20 parts of water.

[0038] In the early stage of maintenance management, spray water once every 4 days and maintain for 40 days.

[0039] Test and Inspection The slope surface was constructed by using the construction methods of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 in different areas at the same time. The germination rates of grass seeds in the three areas were counted on the 7th day of maintenance, and the survival rates of grass seedlings in the three areas were counted on the 40th day of maintenance. The 7d grass seed germination rates and 40d grass seedling survival rates of the construction methods of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-2 were obtained as shown in Table 1. Table 1:

[0040] Results Analysis Referring to Table 1, when the construction method of the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection of Example 1 is adopted, the 7d grass seed germination rate reaches 92%, which is much higher than the 7d grass seed germination rate of 78% when the construction method of the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection of Comparative Example 1 is used and the 7d grass seed germination rate of 80% when the construction method of the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection of Comparative Example 1 is used, indicating that the construction method of the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection of Example 1 is beneficial to improving the grass seed germination rate.

[0041] When the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Example 1 is adopted, the survival rate of the 40-day grass seedlings reaches 96%, which is nearly twice the survival rate of the 40-day grass seedlings when the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Comparative Example 1-2 is adopted. This shows that the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Example 1 can continue to have a positive effect on the grass seedlings after the grass seeds germinate, greatly improving the survival rate of the grass seedlings. Analysis shows that as the grass seeds continue to grow into grass seedlings after germination, the nutrient consumption required by the grass seedlings increases, and the roots of the grass seedlings continue to extend toward the water-retaining base fertilizer in the organic soil layer. At this time, the water-retaining base fertilizer and the organic soil layer continue to provide sufficient nutrients to the grass seedlings through the root system, thereby satisfying the nutrient supply of the entire process from grass seed growth to grass seedlings in stages.

[0042] The 40-day grass seedling survival rate when the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Example 1 is adopted is much higher than the 40-day grass seedling survival rate when the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Comparative Examples 1-2 is adopted, and the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Example 1 has not been sprayed at 7 days, but the 7-day grass seed germination rate when the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Example 1 is adopted is still much higher than the 7-day grass seed germination rate when the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Comparative Examples 1-2 is adopted. In summary, when the three-dimensional geotechnical grass slope protection construction method of Example 1 is adopted, it is only necessary to spray water once every 10 days in the initial stage of maintenance, which reduces the watering frequency in the initial stage of maintenance and reduces the difficulty of maintenance.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which this application belongs. The words "first", "second", "third" and similar words used in the specification and claims of this application do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "One" or "one" and similar words do not indicate a quantitative limit, but indicate that there is at least one. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before "include" or "comprise" include the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprise" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0044] The above are all optional embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method for three-dimensional geotechnical grassing slope protection, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After cleaning and leveling the slope, water-retaining base fertilizer is laid, and a three-dimensional geogrid is nailed on the slope. Then, organic soil is laid on the slope to cover the three-dimensional geogrid to form an organic soil layer. Seed liquid containing grass seeds and the nutrients they need is sprayed on the surface of the organic soil layer, and finally non-woven fabric is laid and maintained.

2. A three-dimensional geotechnical grassing slope protection construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic soil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45-55 parts of peat soil, 45-55 parts of garden soil, 0.5-2 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.5-5 parts of organic fertilizer, and 0.5-2 parts of cement.

3. The construction method of a three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The seed solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of fungus bags, 15-25 parts of grass seeds, 0.01-0.05 parts of brassinolide, 0.01-0.05 parts of sodium nitrophenolate, 0.1-1 parts of gibberellin, and 10-30 parts of water.

4. The construction method of a three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection according to claim 3 is characterized by: The grass seeds include one or more of ryegrass seeds, bermudagrass seeds, and zoysiagrass seeds.

5. The construction method of a three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water-retaining base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95-100 parts of compound fertilizer and 2-5 parts of water-retaining agent.

6. A three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The water retaining agent comprises one or more of seaweed powder, sodium polyacrylate, potassium polyacrylate and polyglutamic acid.

7. A three-dimensional geotechnical grass-planting slope protection construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water retaining agent comprises seaweed powder and polyglutamic acid in a weight ratio of 1-3:

1.

8. The construction method of three-dimensional geotechnical grassing slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The laying of organic soil comprises the following steps: mixing water and organic soil in a weight ratio of 0.4-0.6:1 and spraying.

9. The construction method of three-dimensional geotechnical grassing slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The cleaning and leveling operation of the slope surface includes: removing debris such as pumice and tree roots with a diameter greater than 2 cm.

10. The construction method of three-dimensional geotechnical grassing slope protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maintenance includes spraying water once every 6-12 days in the early stage and maintaining for 40 days.

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