Vegetation blanket and restoration method of hydro-fluctuation belt

Abstract

The invention discloses a vegetation blanket and a restoration method of a hydro-fluctuation belt, and relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, the vegetation blanket is used for the hydro-fluctuation belt, and the vegetation blanket sequentially comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a substrate layer and a plant layer from bottom to top; wherein plants of the plant layer comprise at least three of cynodon dactylon, hypnium rorippa, roegneria kamoji, paspalum distichum, rumex acetosa, polygonum longiflorum, polygonum hydropiper and wild carrots; the substrate layer comprises rice chaff ash, sawdust and mushroom residues. The vegetation blanket provided by the invention can be laid in the hydro-fluctuation belt and grow, and plants in the vegetation blanket grow for a period of time in advance, so that the plants can better survive and grow when being laid in the hydro-fluctuation belt; in addition, by adopting the plants of the plant layer, the viability of the plant blanket in the hydro-fluctuation belt can be improved. Therefore, the vegetation blanket provided by the invention can reproduce and grow in the hydro-fluctuation belt, so that the protection on the soil of the hydro-fluctuation belt is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, and in particular to a restoration method for a vegetation blanket and a fluctuation zone. Background Art

[0002] The drawdown zone is an area where water and land ecosystems intersect. It has both water and land attributes. Long-term or periodic water level fluctuations cause it to be repeatedly submerged and exposed. It is a special type of seasonal wetland ecosystem. The drawdown zone has ecological functions such as hydrology, biogeochemical cycles, bank protection, ecological corridors, buffering, and providing habitats for animals, plants and microorganisms. It has economic functions such as providing people with fishery by-products, light industrial raw materials and medicinal plants. It also has a landscape function of improving the landscape visual effect of the shore area with its linear belt landscape structure.

[0003] Due to the influence of climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme weather, the water level of rivers and lakes in the drawdown zone has increased. Some rivers and lakes have large areas of exposed riverbeds in the dry season. Heavy rains have also caused many plants near the riverbanks to be drowned and die, seriously affecting the landscape. On the other hand, due to long-term drought or flooding, low soil nutrient content in the drawdown zone affected by water, hardening of revetments, water pollution and other factors, the number of species has decreased and the stability of plant communities has been poor. The degradation of plants has a counter-effect on water bodies, soil and animals. Due to the lack of plant root fixation, soil erosion is serious, the habitats of plants and animals are destroyed, the food chain structure in the ecosystem has changed, and phytoplankton has reproduced rapidly, leading to deterioration of water quality.

[0004] The above-mentioned ecological problems make the environmental restoration of the drawdown zone face difficulties such as short plant growth period and easy loss of soil nutrients. Summary of the invention

[0005] The main purpose of the invention is to propose a vegetation blanket and a method for repairing a water-fluctuation zone, aiming to solve the problems of short plant growth period and easy loss of soil nutrients in the environmental restoration of the water-fluctuation zone.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a vegetation blanket for repairing a water-falling zone, wherein the vegetation blanket comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a matrix layer and a plant layer from bottom to top;

[0007] The plants in the plant layer include at least three of Bermuda grass, Marsh clover, Goosegrass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex truncatum, Polygonum longibris, Polygonum hydropiper, and Wild carrot;

[0008] The matrix layer includes rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue.

[0009] In one embodiment, in the cement base material, the mass ratio of the rice husk ash, the sawdust and the mushroom residue is 7:(3-8):(2-3); and / or,

[0010] The plants in the plant layer include Bermuda grass, Dioscorea odorata, Polygonum longibris and Wild carrot; or,

[0011] The plants in the plant layer include Bermuda grass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex rubrum, Polygonum hydropiper; or,

[0012] The plants in the plant layer include sedge, paspalum distachyon, sedge grass and sorrel; and / or,

[0013] The thickness of the matrix layer is 2 cm to 3 cm.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for repairing a drawdown zone, and the method for repairing a drawdown zone comprises the following steps:

[0015] S10, laying a concrete prefabricated part with pores on the slope of the water-falling zone, and filling the pores in the concrete prefabricated part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0016] S20, laying the vegetation blanket on the surface of the vegetation concrete, fixing it, and maintaining it to repair the drawdown zone.

[0017] In one embodiment, step S10 includes:

[0018] A reinforced concrete frame is cast on the slope of the drawdown zone, and multiple anchor rods are driven into the slope. Precast concrete parts with pores are installed in the reinforced concrete frame, and the pores in the precast concrete parts are filled with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete.

[0019] In one embodiment, before step S10, the method further includes:

[0020] The shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed and poured to obtain the vegetation concrete prefabricated parts.

[0021] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water is (600-700): (200-220): (25-30): 3: (60-80).

[0022] In one embodiment, the particle size of the shale ceramsite is 3 cm to 6 cm; and / or,

[0023] The thickness of the vegetation concrete prefabricated part is 7 cm to 15 cm.

[0024] In one embodiment, before step S10, the method further includes:

[0025] The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain concrete filler.

[0026] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of the soil, coconut bran and peat is (8-10):(4-6):(2-13).

[0027] In one embodiment, before step S10, the method further includes:

[0028] The non-woven fabric is covered with a planting substrate, planted with plant seeds in the substrate, and maintained for 40 to 60 days to obtain a vegetation blanket.

[0029] In the technical solution of the present invention, a vegetation blanket is provided, which can be laid in a water-fluctuation zone and grow. Since the plants in the vegetation blanket have grown for a period of time in advance, they can better survive and grow when laid in the water-fluctuation zone; in addition, at least three plants selected from Bermuda grass, Marsh sedge, Goosegrass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex, Polygonum longibris, Polygonum hydropiper, and Carrot are used to improve the survival ability of the plant blanket in the water-fluctuation zone. Therefore, the vegetation blanket provided by the present invention can reproduce and grow in the water-fluctuation zone, thereby strengthening the protection of the soil in the water-fluctuation zone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a plant growth diagram of a vegetation blanket prepared in one embodiment of the present invention at 5 days after sowing;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a plant growth diagram of a vegetation blanket prepared in one embodiment of the present invention 15 days after sowing;

[0033] Figure 3 A plant growth diagram of a vegetation blanket prepared in one embodiment of the present invention 30 days after sowing;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a plant growth diagram of a vegetation blanket prepared in one embodiment of the present invention at 45 days after sowing;

[0035] Figure 5 A plant growth diagram of a vegetation blanket prepared in one embodiment of the present invention at 60 days after sowing;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a plant growth diagram of a vegetation blanket prepared in one embodiment of the present invention at 75 days after sowing;

[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Another view of plant growth in the vegetation blanket.

[0038] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiment, it is carried out according to the normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the reagents or instruments used do not specify the manufacturer, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes, taking "A and / or B" as an example, including scheme A, or scheme B, or schemes that A and B meet at the same time. In addition, the technical schemes between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to achieve. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be achieved, it should be considered that the combination of such technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] The drawdown zone is an area where water and land ecosystems intersect. It has both water and land attributes. Long-term or periodic water level fluctuations cause it to be repeatedly submerged and exposed. It is a special type of seasonal wetland ecosystem. The drawdown zone has ecological functions such as hydrology, biogeochemical cycles, bank protection, ecological corridors, buffering, and providing habitats for animals, plants and microorganisms. It has economic functions such as providing people with fishery by-products, light industrial raw materials and medicinal plants. It also has a landscape function of improving the landscape visual effect of the shore area with its linear belt landscape structure.

[0041] Due to the influence of climate change and the increasing frequency of extreme weather, the water level of rivers and lakes in the drawdown zone has increased. Some rivers and lakes have large areas of exposed riverbeds in the dry season. Heavy rains have also caused many plants near the riverbanks to be drowned and die, seriously affecting the landscape. On the other hand, due to long-term drought or flooding, low soil nutrient content in the drawdown zone affected by water, hardening of revetments, water pollution and other factors, the number of species has decreased and the stability of plant communities has been poor. The degradation of plants has a counter-effect on water bodies, soil and animals. Due to the lack of plant root fixation, soil erosion is serious, the habitats of plants and animals are destroyed, the food chain structure in the ecosystem has changed, and phytoplankton has reproduced rapidly, leading to deterioration of water quality.

[0042] The above-mentioned ecological problems make the environmental restoration of the drawdown zone face difficulties such as short plant growth period and easy loss of soil nutrients.

[0043] The main purpose of the invention is to propose a vegetation blanket and a method for repairing a water-fluctuation zone, aiming to solve the problems of short plant growth period and easy loss of soil nutrients in the environmental restoration of the water-fluctuation zone.

[0044] In view of this, the present invention proposes a vegetation blanket that can thrive and grow on vegetation concrete laid in a water-drawing zone, thereby strengthening the protection of the soil in the water-drawing zone.

[0045] The vegetation blanket provided by the present invention comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a matrix layer and a plant layer from bottom to top; wherein the plants in the plant layer include at least three of Bermuda grass, Marsh sedge, Goosegrass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex truncatum, Polygonum longibris, Polygonum water, and Daucus carota; and the matrix layer comprises rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residues.

[0046] In the technical solution of the present invention, a vegetation blanket is provided, which can be laid in a water-fluctuation zone and grow. Since the plants in the vegetation blanket have grown for a period of time in advance, they can better survive and grow when laid in the water-fluctuation zone; in addition, at least three plants selected from Bermuda grass, Marsh sedge, Goosegrass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex, Polygonum longibris, Polygonum hydropiper, and Carrot are used to improve the survival ability of the plant blanket in the water-fluctuation zone. Therefore, the vegetation blanket provided by the present invention can reproduce and grow in the water-fluctuation zone, thereby strengthening the protection of the soil in the water-fluctuation zone.

[0047] The planting matrix of the matrix layer provides physical support, ventilation and water storage space, and nutrients required for growth for plant growth. In the present application, the planting matrix includes rice husk ash, sawdust, and mushroom residue. The rice husk ash, sawdust, and mushroom residue can better provide the above-mentioned plants with the nutrients required for growth. Both rice husk ash and sawdust have good drainage and air permeability. Rice husk ash is rich in potassium, which is one of the important nutrients required for plant growth; sawdust releases nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus during decomposition; mushroom residue is rich in a variety of organic substances and trace elements; the mixed use of the three can not only provide plants with a comprehensive and balanced nutrient supply, but also better adjust the drainage and air permeability of the matrix layer, providing plants with a suitable growth environment.

[0048] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the rice husk ash, the sawdust and the mushroom residue is 7:(3-8):(2-3). Specifically, the mass ratio of the rice husk ash, the sawdust and the mushroom residue can be 7:3:2, 7:5:2, 7:8:3, etc. Such an arrangement can provide a more balanced nutrient supply for plants.

[0049] Furthermore, the thickness of the substrate layer is 2 cm to 3 cm. Within a certain range, the thicker the substrate layer, the more effectively it can retain water, reduce evaporation, provide a continuous water supply for plants, and is conducive to the growth and development of plants. In addition, a thicker substrate layer provides a larger growth space for the root system, which is conducive to the extension and development of the root system and enhances the stress resistance of the plant. However, an overly thick substrate layer may cause poor water permeability and affect the respiration and water balance of the plant root system. Therefore, using a substrate layer with a thickness of 2 cm to 3 cm can be more conducive to the growth and development of the above-mentioned plants.

[0050] In the present application, the plants of the plant layer include at least three of Bermuda grass, Swamp sedge, Goose grass, Paspalum distichum, Rumex, Polygonum longibule, Polygonum water, and wild carrot. It should be noted that in the process of selecting plants for the plant layer, it is preferred to select perennial herbs and annual and biennial herbs together, and select plants with strong stress resistance and plants with strong growth ability together. During the growth process of perennial herbs, their underground parts can continue to exist and provide nutrients and water support for plants, thereby ensuring that plants can grow and reproduce for many consecutive years; annual and biennial herbs grow fast and have strong self-propagation ability. After flooding or long-term sunshine, their seeds can grow after the environmental conditions are restored. The combination of perennial herbs and annual and biennial herbs can better repair the ecology of the water-fluctuation zone. Plants with strong stress resistance can survive in flooded environments during the flood season, and / or survive in dry environments during the dry season; plants with strong growth ability grow fast and can creep, so that vegetation coverage can be quickly formed.

[0051] Further, in some embodiments, the plants in the plant layer include bermudagrass, swamp shepherd's purse, long-bristled Polygonum and wild carrot. Bermudagrass is a plant of the genus Bermudagrass of the Poaceae family, a perennial herb, which can survive in a flooded environment during the flood season and can survive in a dry environment during the dry season and form vegetation coverage, with a growth period of 3 to 11 months. Swamp shepherd's purse is a plant of the genus Shepherd's purse of the Cruciferae family, a one- or two-year herb, which can survive in a flooded environment during the flood season, with a growth period of 3 to 8 months. Long-bristled Polygonum is a plant of the genus Polygonum of the Polygonaceae family, an annual herb, which can survive in a flooded environment during the flood season and can survive in a dry environment during the dry season, with a growth period of 3 to 8 months. Wild carrot is a plant of the genus wild carrot of the Umbelliferae family, an annual herb, which grows fast and can quickly form vegetation coverage. After the sorrel dies for various reasons, it can reproduce and grow rapidly after the environment is suitable, with a growth period of 1 to 7 months. The above-mentioned plants can be planted together not only to survive in the flooded environment during the wet season, but also in the dry environment during the dry season. Fast-growing plants can grow quickly after drought or flooding to restore the ecological environment, thereby improving the stress resistance of the plant blanket.

[0052] In another embodiment, the plants of the plant layer include Bermuda grass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex truncatum and Polygonum hydropiper, or the plants of the plant layer include Herba Lysimachiae, Paspalum distachyon, Herba Solanum and Rumex truncatum. Paspalum distachyon is a plant of the genus Paspalum of the Poaceae family, a perennial herb that can survive in a flooded environment during the flood season and can survive in a dry environment during the dry season and form vegetation coverage, with a growing period of 3 to 12 months. Herba Solanum is a plant of the genus Elymus of the Poaceae family, a perennial herb that can survive in a dry environment during the dry season and quickly form vegetation coverage, with a fast growth rate, and a growing period of 3 to 11 months. Rumex truncatum is a plant of the genus Rumex of the Polygonaceae family, an annual herb that grows fast and can quickly form vegetation coverage. After the death of Rumex truncatum due to various reasons, it can reproduce and grow rapidly when the environment is suitable, with a growing period of 2 to 8 months. Polygonum hydropiper is a plant of the genus Polygonum in the family Polygonaceae, and is an annual herb that can survive in flooded environments during the wet season and in dry environments during the dry season, with a growth period of 4 to 10 months. The above-mentioned plants can be planted together to not only survive in flooded environments during the wet season, but also in dry environments during the dry season, and there are also plants with fast growth rates that can grow quickly after drought or flooding to restore the ecological environment, thereby improving the stress resistance of the plant blanket.

[0053] It should be noted that based on the principle of plant combination selection, other plants can also be used for compounding, or five, six, or more plants can be selected for planting together. The present invention does not make any restrictions here. However, selecting four plants for planting together can achieve better restoration effects while using fewer types of plants.

[0054] Vegetative concrete is also called greening concrete or ecological concrete. It uses porous concrete as the skeleton. Suitable materials are filled into the pores of the porous concrete and cover the surface of the concrete. Plant seeds are mixed in the suitable materials. After a period of cultivation, the plants germinate and grow, and the plant roots extend and grow in the pores of the porous concrete. The plants and concrete are integrated to form an environmentally friendly support material with a certain strength and vegetation coverage.

[0055] The present invention also provides a method for repairing a drawdown zone, and the method for repairing a drawdown zone comprises the following steps:

[0056] S10, laying a concrete prefabricated part with pores on the slope of the water-falling zone, and filling the pores in the concrete prefabricated part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0057] S20, laying the vegetation blanket on the surface of the vegetation concrete, fixing it, and maintaining it to repair the drawdown zone.

[0058] In the technical solution of the present invention, the vegetation concrete is made by using porous concrete as the skeleton and filling the pores of the porous concrete with materials suitable for plant growth. Subsequently, the vegetation blanket is laid on the surface of the vegetation concrete and fixed for maintenance, which can reduce the time for the repair construction of the drawdown zone. Since the plant blanket is an already grown plant, laying it on the vegetation concrete can adapt it to the growth environment of the vegetation concrete more quickly, allowing the plants to grow better, thereby strengthening the protection of the soil in the drawdown zone. By pre-preparing or purchasing prefabricated concrete parts with pores and using a movable vegetation blanket for rapid greening, not only can the plant seedling period be shortened, but also when the drawdown zone is repaired, the construction speed can be accelerated, the repair of the drawdown zone can be completed quickly, less labor time is consumed, and the repair of the drawdown zone can be completed in a short time.

[0059] Furthermore, step S10 includes: pouring a reinforced concrete frame on the slope of the drawdown zone, driving a plurality of anchor rods into the slope, installing a precast concrete part with pores into the reinforced concrete frame, and filling the pores in the precast concrete part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete.

[0060] Specifically, before laying the precast concrete parts with holes on the slope of the drawdown zone, the slope of the drawdown zone can be processed first, debris can be removed and leveled, a reinforced concrete frame can be cast on the slope, and anchor rods with an interval of 4m to 6m can be driven into the slope; the precast concrete parts with holes are installed in the reinforced concrete frame, and a cushion layer is laid above or below the precast concrete parts using soil or fine sand so that the upper surface of the vegetation concrete is 2cm to 3cm lower than the reinforced concrete frame, and the laying of the vegetation concrete is completed; the vegetation blanket is laid on the upper surface of the vegetation concrete, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are connected and fixed with a three-dimensional net and anchor rods; before the roots of the vegetation blanket grow into the vegetation concrete, pay attention to ensure irrigation.

[0061] By pouring reinforced concrete grids, the vegetation concrete can be divided into multiple blocks, and independent support can be provided for the vegetation concrete in the blocks to resist the gravity of the slope. After pouring multiple reinforced concrete grids, one or more prefabricated concrete parts can be placed in each reinforced concrete grid, and the reinforced concrete grid can limit the prefabricated concrete parts therein to prevent the prefabricated concrete parts from sliding down along the slope direction.

[0062] Before step S10, it is also necessary to obtain a prefabricated concrete part, which can be purchased according to demand or prepared by oneself. The method of preparing the prefabricated concrete part by oneself is as follows: shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed and poured to obtain a prefabricated vegetation concrete part. Preferably, lightweight shale ceramsite can be used to prepare lightweight prefabricated concrete parts.

[0063] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water is (600-700): (200-220): (25-30): 3: (60-80). Specifically, the mass ratio of the shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water can be 600: 200: 25: 3: 60 or 650: 210: 28: 3: 70 or 700: 220: 30: 3: 80, etc. The precast concrete parts made of the materials with the above mass ratio can have good porosity and good compressive strength.

[0064] Furthermore, the particle size of the shale ceramsite is 3cm to 6cm. The space occupied by large-sized aggregates in concrete is also increased accordingly. Therefore, in the same volume of concrete, large-sized shale ceramsite will leave more voids, resulting in an increase in the porosity of the concrete. However, too high a porosity may reduce the compressive strength of the concrete. Therefore, the use of shale ceramsite with a particle size of 3cm to 6cm can increase the porosity of the concrete, change the structure of the pores, and facilitate better accommodation of the concrete filler, which is convenient for the root growth of plant roots.

[0065] The storage of vegetation concrete prefabricated parts can be prepared as needed. In some embodiments, the thickness of the vegetation concrete prefabricated parts is 7 cm to 15 cm. If the thickness is too thick, the soil in the drawdown zone may be completely separated from the plants in the plant blanket, which is not conducive to the plants absorbing nutrients from the soil. If the prefabricated parts are too thin, it will be difficult to resist the complex environment of the drawdown zone, and it will also not be able to provide a good living space for the plants.

[0066] Before step S10, concrete filler needs to be obtained. The concrete filler can be purchased according to demand or prepared by oneself. The preparation method is as follows: mix soil, coconut husk and peat, and then add water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose to obtain concrete filler. The concrete filler is a viscous fluid that can be poured into the pores of the vegetation concrete.

[0067] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the soil, coconut bran and peat is (8-10): (4-6): (2-3). Coconut bran has good air permeability. After mixing with soil and peat, it can significantly improve the air permeability of the filler, which is helpful for the respiration of plant roots. Peat also has excellent water retention capacity. After mixing with coconut bran and soil, it can form a soil environment that is both breathable and water-retaining, which is conducive to plant growth. In addition, coconut bran and peat are rich in plant nutrients, trace elements and organic matter. These ingredients can provide plants with the nutrients they need for growth and promote the healthy growth of the above-mentioned plants.

[0068] Before step S10, a vegetation blanket needs to be obtained, and the vegetation blanket can be obtained according to the following method: covering a planting matrix on a non-woven fabric, planting plant seeds in the matrix, and curing for 40 to 60 days to obtain a vegetation blanket. The matrix includes rice husk ash, sawdust, and mushroom residues, and the plants include at least three of Bermuda grass, Marsh Herb, Goosegrass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex, Polygonum longibule, Polygonum water, and Carrot.

[0069] The repair method of the water-drawing zone provided in the present application firstly plants a soilless matrix vegetation blanket with plant species suitable for the water-drawing zone environment, and at the same time prefabricates a lightweight vegetation concrete component, casts a reinforced concrete frame on the water-drawing zone that has completed the slope treatment and installs anchor rods, installs the lightweight vegetation concrete into the cement frame, and then covers the vegetation blanket, and fixes it with a three-dimensional net and anchor rods. After a period of maintenance, the plants can adapt to the water-drawing zone environment and grow well. The present invention reduces the time for water-drawing zone repair construction by preparing plants and vegetation concrete before construction, allowing plants to grow better, while strengthening the protection of the water-drawing zone soil.

[0070] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] Provided is a vegetation blanket for laying on vegetation concrete, wherein the vegetation blanket comprises, from bottom to top, a non-woven fabric layer, a matrix layer and a plant layer;

[0073] The plants in the plant layer include Bermuda grass, Marsh sedge, Polygonum longibris and wild carrot;

[0074] The matrix layer includes rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:3:2.

[0075] Example 2

[0076] Provided is a vegetation blanket for laying on vegetation concrete, wherein the vegetation blanket comprises, from bottom to top, a non-woven fabric layer, a matrix layer and a plant layer;

[0077] Wherein, the plants in the plant layer include spatholobus, paspalum distachyon, sorrel and polygonum hydropiper;

[0078] The matrix layer comprises rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:8:3.

[0079] Example 3

[0080] Provided is a vegetation blanket for laying on vegetation concrete, wherein the vegetation blanket comprises, from bottom to top, a non-woven fabric layer, a matrix layer and a plant layer;

[0081] Wherein, the plants in the plant layer include ophiopogon sphaerocephala, paspalum distachyon and sorrel;

[0082] The matrix layer includes rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:5:2.

[0083] Example 4

[0084] A method for repairing a drawdown zone is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0085] Lay a layer of non-woven fabric, and then cover the non-woven fabric with a matrix, which is rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:3:2, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​2cm. After the matrix is ​​laid, the seeds of Bermuda grass, Marsh Herb, Polygonum longibris and wild carrot are scattered on the surface of the planting matrix. After 40 days of maintenance, a vegetation blanket is obtained;

[0086] Lightweight shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 600:200:25:3:60, and cast to obtain a vegetation concrete prefabricated part.

[0087] The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:5:2, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain a concrete filler;

[0088] Casting a reinforced concrete frame on the slope of the drawdown zone, driving a plurality of anchor rods into the slope, installing a prefabricated concrete part with pores into the reinforced concrete frame, and filling the pores in the prefabricated concrete part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0089] The above-mentioned vegetation blanket is laid on the surface of the vegetation concrete, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are connected and fixed using a three-dimensional net and anchor rods to repair the drawdown zone.

[0090] Example 5

[0091] A method for repairing a drawdown zone is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0092] Lay a layer of non-woven fabric, and then cover the non-woven fabric with a matrix, which is rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:8:3, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​3cm. After the matrix is ​​laid, the seeds of Bermuda grass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex serrata and Polygonum hydropiper are scattered on the surface of the planting matrix. After 40 days of maintenance, a vegetation blanket is obtained;

[0093] Lightweight shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 700:220:30:3:80, and cast to obtain a vegetation concrete prefabricated part.

[0094] The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:6:3, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain a concrete filler;

[0095] Casting a reinforced concrete frame on the slope of the drawdown zone, driving a plurality of anchor rods into the slope, installing a prefabricated concrete part with pores into the reinforced concrete frame, and filling the pores in the prefabricated concrete part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0096] The above-mentioned vegetation blanket is laid on the surface of the vegetation concrete, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are connected and fixed using a three-dimensional net and anchor rods to repair the drawdown zone.

[0097] Example 6

[0098] A method for repairing a drawdown zone is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0099] Lay a layer of non-woven fabric, and then cover the non-woven fabric with a matrix, which is rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:5:2, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​3cm. After the matrix is ​​laid, the seeds of sedge, paspalum distachyon, sedge grass and sorrel are scattered on the surface of the planting matrix. After 60 days of maintenance, a vegetation blanket is obtained;

[0100] Lightweight shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 650:210:28:3:70, and cast to obtain a vegetation concrete prefabricated part.

[0101] The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed in a mass ratio of 9:5:2.5, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain a concrete filler;

[0102] Casting a reinforced concrete frame on the slope of the drawdown zone, driving a plurality of anchor rods into the slope, installing a prefabricated concrete part with pores into the reinforced concrete frame, and filling the pores in the prefabricated concrete part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0103] The above-mentioned vegetation blanket is laid on the surface of the vegetation concrete, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are connected and fixed using a three-dimensional net and anchor rods to repair the drawdown zone.

[0104] Example 7

[0105] A method for repairing a drawdown zone is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0106] Lay a layer of non-woven fabric, and then cover the non-woven fabric with a matrix, which is rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:2:1, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​2cm. After the matrix is ​​laid, the seeds of Bermuda grass, Marsh Herb, Polygonum longibris and wild carrot are scattered on the surface of the planting matrix. After 40 days of maintenance, a vegetation blanket is obtained;

[0107] Lightweight shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 500:180:20:3:55, and cast to obtain a vegetation concrete prefabricated part.

[0108] The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed in a mass ratio of 7:3:1, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain a concrete filler;

[0109] Casting a reinforced concrete frame on the slope of the drawdown zone, driving a plurality of anchor rods into the slope, installing a prefabricated concrete part with pores into the reinforced concrete frame, and filling the pores in the prefabricated concrete part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0110] The above-mentioned vegetation blanket is laid on the surface of the vegetation concrete, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are connected and fixed using a three-dimensional net and anchor rods to repair the drawdown zone.

[0111] Example 8

[0112] A method for repairing a drawdown zone is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0113] Lay a layer of non-woven fabric, and then cover the non-woven fabric with a matrix, which is rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:9:4, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​2cm. After the matrix is ​​laid, the seeds of Bermuda grass, Marsh Herb, Polygonum longibris, Polygonum hydropiper and wild carrot are scattered on the surface of the planting matrix. After 40 days of maintenance, a vegetation blanket is obtained;

[0114] Lightweight shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 800:240:35:3:85, and cast to obtain a vegetation concrete prefabricated part.

[0115] The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed in a mass ratio of 12:8:5, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain a concrete filler;

[0116] Casting a reinforced concrete frame on the slope of the drawdown zone, driving a plurality of anchor rods into the slope, installing a prefabricated concrete part with pores into the reinforced concrete frame, and filling the pores in the prefabricated concrete part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete;

[0117] The above-mentioned vegetation blanket is laid on the surface of the vegetation concrete, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are connected and fixed using a three-dimensional net and anchor rods to repair the drawdown zone.

[0118] Example 9

[0119] A method for repairing a drawdown zone is provided, the method comprising the following steps:

[0120] Lay a layer of non-woven fabric, and then cover the non-woven fabric with a matrix, which is rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue in a mass ratio of 7:3:2, and the thickness of the matrix is ​​2cm. After the matrix is ​​laid, the seeds of Bermuda grass, Marsh Herb, Polygonum longibris and wild carrot are scattered on the surface of the planting matrix. After 40 days of maintenance, a vegetation blanket is obtained;

[0121] A reinforced concrete frame is cast on the slope of the drawdown zone, and multiple anchor rods are driven into the slope. The above-mentioned vegetation blanket is laid on the land surface in the reinforced concrete frame, and the vegetation concrete and the vegetation blanket are fixed using a three-dimensional net and anchor rods to repair the drawdown zone.

[0122] Comparative Example 1

[0123] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only bermudagrass is used as plant seed, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0124] Comparative Example 2

[0125] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only Marsh Herb is used as plant seeds, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0126] Comparative Example 3

[0127] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only Paspalum distachyon is used as plant seeds, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0128] Comparative Example 4

[0129] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only smilax china plant seeds are used, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0130] Comparative Example 5

[0131] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only sorrel is used as plant seeds, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0132] Comparative Example 6

[0133] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only Polygonum longipedalus is used as plant seeds, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0134] Comparative Example 7

[0135] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only wild carrot is used as plant seeds, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0136] Comparative Example 8

[0137] A method for repairing a drawdown zone, except that only Polygonum hydropiper is used as plant seeds, other steps are the same as those of Example 4.

[0138] Plant growth performance

[0139] The above-mentioned Examples 4 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 were subjected to the following planting test in the ebb and flow zone area. The approximate flooding time corresponding to each area is shown in Table 1.

[0140] Table 1 Approximate flooding time corresponding to each area of ​​ABCD

[0141] Test Section A dry area B Short-term flooding area C. Medium flooding area D Long flooded area Flooding time 10-15 days 70-95 days 140-160 days 200-220 days

[0142] 30 days after the water receded in the above-mentioned ABCD areas, the vegetation coverage of the area was tested. The vegetation coverage was tested by the following method: random sampling was carried out in the test area. The sample plot was 1m*1m, the number of samples was 5, and the sample plot was divided into 100 small grids using the grid method. If the plant coverage exceeded 50% of the small grid, it was recorded as 1 coverage. The coverage of each sample plot was calculated and the average value was obtained. The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0143] Table 2 Vegetation coverage of Examples 4 to 9 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8

[0144]

[0145]

[0146] It can be seen from Table 2 that in Example 4 provided in the present application, under various water-drawing zone environments, the vegetation can well cover the area of ​​the water-drawing zone to achieve the restoration of the water-drawing zone.

[0147] Compared with Example 9 in which concrete is not laid on the drawdown zone, the present application lays the vegetation blanket on the vegetation concrete, which can have a better repair effect on the drawdown zone under various conditions.

[0148] In summary, the method for repairing the drawdown zone provided by the present application firstly plants a soilless matrix vegetation blanket with plant species suitable for the drawdown zone environment, and at the same time prefabricates lightweight vegetation concrete components, casts a reinforced concrete frame on the drawdown zone that has completed the slope treatment and installs anchor rods, installs the lightweight vegetation concrete into the cement frame, and then covers the vegetation blanket, and fixes it with a three-dimensional net and anchor rods. After a period of maintenance, the plants can adapt to the drawdown zone environment and grow well. The present invention reduces the time for the repair construction of the drawdown zone by preparing the plants and vegetation concrete before construction, allowing the plants to grow better, while strengthening the protection of the soil in the drawdown zone.

[0149] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or directly / indirectly applied in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vegetation blanket for repairing a watershed zone, characterized in that: The vegetation blanket comprises, from bottom to top, a non-woven fabric layer, a matrix layer and a plant layer; The plants in the plant layer include at least three of Bermuda grass, Marsh clover, Goosegrass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex truncatum, Polygonum longibris, Polygonum hydropiper, and Wild carrot; The matrix layer includes rice husk ash, sawdust and mushroom residue.

2. The vegetation blanket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the rice husk ash, the sawdust and the mushroom residue is 7:(3-8):(2-3); and / or, The plants in the plant layer include Bermuda grass, Dioscorea odorata, Polygonum longibris and Wild carrot; or, The plants in the plant layer include Bermuda grass, Paspalum distachyon, Rumex truncatum, Polygonum hydropiper; or, The plants in the plant layer include sedge, paspalum distachyon, sedge grass and sorrel; and / or, The thickness of the matrix layer is 2 cm to 3 cm.

3. A method for repairing a drawdown zone, characterized in that: The repair method of the drawdown zone comprises the following steps: S10, laying a concrete prefabricated part with pores on the slope of the water-falling zone, and filling the pores in the concrete prefabricated part with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete; S20. Lay the vegetation blanket described in claim 1 or 2 on the surface of the vegetation concrete, fix it, and maintain it to repair the drawdown zone.

4. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step S10 includes: A reinforced concrete frame is cast on the slope of the drawdown zone, and multiple anchor rods are driven into the slope. Precast concrete parts with pores are installed in the reinforced concrete frame, and the pores in the precast concrete parts are filled with concrete fillers to obtain vegetation concrete.

5. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before step S10, the method further includes: The shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water are mixed and poured to obtain the vegetation concrete prefabricated parts.

6. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the shale ceramsite, cement, fly ash, water reducing agent and water is (600-700): (200-220): (25-30): 3: (60-80).

7. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 5, characterized in that: The particle size of the shale ceramsite is 3 cm to 6 cm; and / or, The thickness of the vegetation concrete prefabricated part is 7 cm to 15 cm.

8. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before step S10, the method further includes: The soil, coconut husk and peat are mixed, and then water and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are added to obtain concrete filler.

9. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the soil, coconut bran and peat is (8-10):(4-6):(2-13).

10. The method for repairing a drawdown zone according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before step S10, the method further includes: The non-woven fabric is covered with a planting matrix, planted with plant seeds in the matrix, and maintained for 40 to 60 days to obtain the vegetation blanket as claimed in claim 1 or 2.

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