Manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM (selective laser melting)

Abstract

The manufacturing equipment of the layered composite metal based on the SLM comprises a metal 3D printer based on the SLM, and further comprises a powder storage mechanism used for storing metal powder to be printed and fixedly connected with a scraper in the metal 3D printer based on the SLM; the switch baffle is used for releasing the metal powder to be printed in the powder storage mechanism as required and is arranged at the bottom of the powder storage mechanism; the motion recognition mechanism is used for recognizing the motion state of the powder storage structure and is arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer; the movement mechanism is used for driving the powder storage mechanism to reciprocate back and forth and is connected with the powder storage mechanism; the control mechanism is used for being in linkage with the motion recognition mechanism, controlling opening and closing of the switch baffle and is electrically connected with the motion recognition mechanism. And the power supply box is used for supplying power to the motion recognition mechanism and the control mechanism. Through the arrangement of the rolling shaft and the switch baffle, powder clamping can be prevented, and the powder mixing proportion can be freely adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite metal manufacturing, and in particular to a manufacturing device for layered composite metal based on SLM. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of information technology, aerospace, and intelligent transportation industries, the development of new engineering materials with high modulus, high strength, and high toughness that can meet specific functional requirements has become a key task. In addition, the trend of multifunctionalization, multi-componentization, and structural and functional integration of materials is leading the progress of materials science. Multi-metal composites have become ideal engineering materials in the future because they can integrate the unique properties of multiple metals to achieve higher comprehensive performance and diversified functions, showing broad application potential. For example, stainless steel / copper composites inherit the excellent mechanical properties, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance of stainless steel, and integrate the high electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity of copper. They have good corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and electrical and thermal conductivity, so they are widely used in power, cryogenic processing, and heat conduction. Traditional methods for manufacturing layered composite metals have their own limitations: although the rolling composite method is suitable for large-scale production, the material selection is limited; the explosive welding method can process metals that are difficult to weld, but the equipment requirements are high and the process is complicated; the diffusion welding method has high precision, but requires long-term heating and consumes a lot of energy; the hot pressing method is simple and easy, but the interlayer bonding strength is not ideal; the electroplating method is suitable for thin layer composites, but it is difficult to prepare thick layer structures, and the process speed is slow.

[0003] In recent years, 3D printing technology has achieved rapid development and has become a research hotspot in academia and engineering. Among them, laser cladding technology, as one of the key methods of 3D printing, has shown excellent performance in the manufacture of layered composite metals due to its advantages such as accurate control of material composition, realization of complex geometric structures, and improvement of interlayer bonding strength. However, the existing methods for composite metals are relatively complex. At the same time, laser cladding also has the limitations of high equipment cost, complex process and low production efficiency.

[0004] It is not difficult to see that there are still many problems in the prior art, and it is necessary to improve the existing composite metal manufacturing equipment to overcome the defects of the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes a manufacturing device for layered composite metal based on SLM.

[0006] The present invention solves the above problems by the following technical means:

[0007] A manufacturing device for layered composite metal based on SLM, including a metal 3D printer based on SLM, and further comprising:

[0008] A powder storage mechanism, used for storing metal powder to be printed, and fixedly connected to a scraper in the SLM-based metal 3D printer;

[0009] A switch baffle, used for releasing the metal powder to be printed in the powder storage mechanism as needed, and arranged at the bottom of the powder storage mechanism;

[0010] A motion recognition mechanism, used for identifying the motion state of the powder storage structure, and arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer;

[0011] A motion mechanism, used to drive the powder storage mechanism to reciprocate, and connected to the powder storage mechanism;

[0012] A control mechanism, used to work in conjunction with the motion recognition mechanism to control the opening and closing of the light-opening baffle, and electrically connected to the motion recognition mechanism;

[0013] A power supply box is used to provide power to the motion recognition mechanism and the control mechanism.

[0014] Furthermore, the powder storage mechanism is provided with a partition to divide the powder storage mechanism into two powder compartments.

[0015] Furthermore, there are two switch baffles, one switch baffle corresponds to one powder cabin, and the switch baffles are respectively located at the bottom of the powder cabin.

[0016] Furthermore, the motion recognition mechanism is a directed infrared sensor, which includes: an infrared sensor and a shielding infrared sensing rod. The infrared sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer, and the shielding infrared sensing rod is arranged on the outer wall of the powder storage mechanism. The position of the infrared sensor corresponds to the position of the shielding infrared sensing rod.

[0017] Furthermore, the motion mechanism comprises:

[0018] A bracket and a sliding wheel, wherein the bracket is used to support the powder storage mechanism; the sliding wheel is installed at the bottom of the bracket and is used to drive the powder storage mechanism to move back and forth.

[0019] Furthermore, the control mechanism includes:

[0020] A single chip microcomputer and a steering gear, wherein the single chip microcomputer is used to receive the signal sent by the infrared sensor and control the steering gear to work according to the signal; and the steering gear is used to control the opening and closing of the switch baffle.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0022] The rolling shaft is arranged in the powder cabin and is electrically connected to the steering gear, and is used to prevent powder from being stuck in the powder cabin.

[0023] Furthermore, there are two rolling shafts, one of which is disposed in one of the powder cabins;

[0024] There are four servos, which respectively control the two switch baffles and the two rolling shafts.

[0025] The present invention provides a switch-door powder leakage device with an adjustable powder output ratio, and a built-in rolling shaft to prevent powder jamming. Since metal powder is composed of fine particles, the adhesion and friction between the particles may cause mutual extrusion when the door is opened, forming a friction force sufficient to resist gravity, thereby causing powder jamming. The introduction of a rolling shaft breaks this balance and effectively avoids the occurrence of powder jamming. By controlling the speed and opening angle of the rotating shaft, precise control of the powder falling speed and quantity is achieved to achieve an ideal powder spreading effect.

[0026] In addition, the device is bound to the scraper built into the SLM system to form a detachable design. The current position of the device is determined by the infrared sensor, and the opening time of the hatch is precisely controlled by combining the left and right movement of the scraper, thereby realizing the composite processing of different materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a workflow breakdown diagram of the SLM-based layered composite metal manufacturing equipment described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be pointed out that the described implementation examples are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Example

[0031] The present invention is described in more detail below:

[0032] A manufacturing device for layered composite metal based on SLM, including a metal 3D printer based on SLM, and further comprising:

[0033] The powder storage mechanism is used to store the metal powder to be printed and is fixedly connected to the scraper in the SLM-based metal 3D printer; preferably, the powder storage mechanism is provided with a partition to divide the powder storage mechanism into two powder compartments. It should be noted that the two powder compartments can store different metal powders. In specific practice, the powder storage mechanism can also be divided into two or more powder compartments according to actual needs.

[0034] The switch baffle is used to release the metal powder to be printed in the powder storage mechanism as needed, and is arranged at the bottom of the powder storage mechanism; preferably, there are two switch baffles, one switch baffle corresponds to one powder compartment, and they are respectively located at the bottom of the powder compartment. It should be noted that when the switch baffle is opened, the metal powder in the corresponding powder compartment will leak out from the powder compartment to achieve the purpose of spreading the powder.

[0035] Preferably, this embodiment also includes:

[0036] A rolling shaft is arranged in the powder cabin and electrically connected to the steering gear, and is used to prevent powder jamming in the powder cabin. Preferably, there are two rolling shafts, one of which is arranged in one of the powder cabins; it should be noted that one rolling shaft is arranged in each powder cabin, and the rolling shaft can rotate in the powder cabin, and while rotating, the metal powder in the powder cabin is turned over, thereby avoiding the occurrence of powder jamming.

[0037] A motion recognition mechanism is used to identify the motion state of the powder storage structure and is arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer. It should be noted that the function of the motion recognition structure is to identify the motion state of the powder storage mechanism, that is, the relative displacement of the powder storage mechanism. Different motion states and different relative displacements of the powder storage mechanism represent different operating actions, which are determined by the motion recognition mechanism and then linked with the subsequent control mechanism, so that the control mechanism can output different operating instructions for different motion states of the powder storage mechanism.

[0038] Preferably, the motion recognition mechanism is a beam-type infrared sensor, which includes an infrared sensor and a shielding infrared sensing rod. The infrared sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer, and the shielding infrared sensing rod is arranged on the outer wall of the powder storage mechanism. The position of the infrared sensor corresponds to the position of the shielding infrared sensing rod. It should be noted that this embodiment preferably uses a beam-type infrared sensor as the motion recognition mechanism, and other devices can also be used as the motion recognition mechanism, based on the ability to sense the relative motion state of the powder storage mechanism.

[0039] The motion mechanism is used to drive the powder storage mechanism to reciprocate back and forth, and is connected to the powder storage mechanism; preferably, the motion mechanism includes: a bracket and a sliding wheel, the bracket is used to support the powder storage mechanism; the sliding wheel is installed at the bottom of the bracket, and is used to drive the powder storage mechanism to move back and forth. It should be noted that this embodiment preferably uses a bracket and a sliding wheel as the motion mechanism. In the specific practice process, different mechanical structures can be selected as the motion mechanism according to actual needs, so as to enable the powder storage mechanism to slide back and forth on the SLM-based metal 3D printer.

[0040] A control mechanism is used to link with the motion recognition mechanism to control the opening and closing of the light-opening baffle, and it is electrically connected to the motion recognition mechanism; preferably, the control mechanism includes: a single-chip microcomputer and a servo, the single-chip microcomputer is used to receive the signal sent by the infrared sensor, and control the operation of the servo according to the signal; the servo is used to control the opening and closing of the switch baffle, and control the rotation of the rolling shaft. Preferably, there are 4 servos, which respectively control 2 switch baffles and 2 rolling shafts. The switch baffle and the rolling shaft are started by the operation of the servo. Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer uses an STM32 single-chip microcomputer to control the servo, and then control the switch baffle and the rolling shaft. The rotation of the servo is controlled by recording the odd and even numbers of the baffle moving left and right, thereby driving the movement of the rolling shaft and the switch baffle.

[0041] A power supply box is used to provide power to the motion recognition mechanism and the control mechanism.

[0042] It should be noted that, in order to make the present invention easier to understand, the following is a brief description of the working process of the present invention:

[0043] Powder storage: two different types of metal powders are placed in two different areas of the powder storage body, that is, in the powder cabin.

[0044] Fixing device: bind the powder storage mechanism and the scraper on the SLM-based metal 3D printer and connect the power supply;

[0045] Install the through-beam infrared sensor: Use double-sided tape to stick the through-beam infrared sensor on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer, and adjust its height so that it is flush with the infrared sensor rod.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, it should be noted that: Figure 1 The hatch in the embodiment is the switch baffle described in this embodiment. The substrate is a device on a metal 3D printer based on SLM. The first powder drop: When the scraper moves from right to left, the infrared sensing rod blocks the infrared sensor, and the STM32 receives a signal. At this time, the OLED count is increased by 1. When the OLED count is 1, the servo 1 drives the switch baffle to rotate, and the servo 3 drives the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby dropping the metal powder material 1.

[0047] Return stroke: When the scraper moves from right to left and the OLED counts an even number, it is the return stroke and the servos do not move. Wait for the laser to emit light and print.

[0048] Second powder drop: When the scraper moves from left to right again, the OLED counts to 3, the STM32 drives the servo 2 to drive the switch baffle to rotate, and the servo 4 drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate, thereby dropping the metal powder material 2. Then, reciprocating motion is performed to realize the printing of layered composite metal.

[0049] The present invention provides a switch-door powder leakage device with an adjustable powder output ratio, and a built-in rolling shaft to prevent powder jamming. Since metal powder is composed of fine particles, the adhesion and friction between the particles may cause mutual extrusion when the door is opened, forming a friction force sufficient to resist gravity, thereby causing powder jamming. The introduction of a rolling shaft breaks this balance and effectively avoids the occurrence of powder jamming. By controlling the speed and opening angle of the rotating shaft, precise control of the powder falling speed and quantity is achieved to achieve an ideal powder spreading effect.

[0050] In addition, the device is bound to the scraper built into the SLM system to form a detachable design. The current position of the device is determined by the infrared sensor, and the opening time of the hatch is precisely controlled by combining the left and right movement of the scraper, thereby realizing the composite processing of different materials.

[0051] It should be noted that, because the present invention is bound to the built-in scraper of the SLM-based metal 3D printer, there is no need to add an external drive device, and metal printing of composite materials can be achieved without changing the internal structure of the SLM-based metal 3D printer.

[0052] The setting of the rolling shaft can prevent powder jamming. Metal powder is composed of fine particles, and there is mutual adhesion and friction between these particles. When the switch baffle is opened, the metal particles will squeeze each other to form a certain friction force. This friction force can resist gravity to cause powder jamming, so adding a rolling shaft can break this balance state.

[0053] By closing the switch baffle, in-situ composite metal / layered composite metal printing with adjustable powder mixing ratio can be achieved.

[0054] References to "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment", "preferred embodiment", etc. in this specification refer to specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the example included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with any embodiment, it is claimed that the realization of such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the present invention. Although the present invention is described herein with reference to a number of illustrative examples of the present invention, it should be understood that those skilled in the art can design many other modifications and implementations that fall within the scope and spirit of the principles disclosed in this application. More specifically, within the scope of the present application disclosure, drawings and claims, in addition to the deformation and improvement that can be made to the components and / or layout of the subject combination layout, other uses will also be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A manufacturing device for layered composite metal based on SLM, comprising a metal 3D printer based on SLM, characterized in that: Also includes: A powder storage mechanism, used for storing metal powder to be printed, and fixedly connected to a scraper in the SLM-based metal 3D printer; A switch baffle, used for releasing the metal powder to be printed in the powder storage mechanism as needed, and arranged at the bottom of the powder storage mechanism; A motion recognition mechanism, used for identifying the motion state of the powder storage structure, and arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer; A motion mechanism, used to drive the powder storage mechanism to reciprocate, and connected to the powder storage mechanism; A control mechanism, used to work in conjunction with the motion recognition mechanism to control the opening and closing of the light-opening baffle, and electrically connected to the motion recognition mechanism; A power supply box is used to provide power to the motion recognition mechanism and the control mechanism.

2. The manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder storage mechanism is provided with a partition plate, which divides the powder storage mechanism into two powder compartments.

3. The manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are two switch baffles, one switch baffle corresponds to one powder cabin, and the switch baffles are respectively located at the bottom of the powder cabin.

4. The manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM according to claim 3, characterized in that: The motion recognition mechanism is a beam-type infrared sensor, which includes: an infrared sensor and a shielding infrared sensing rod. The infrared sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the SLM-based metal 3D printer, and the shielding infrared sensing rod is arranged on the outer wall of the powder storage mechanism. The position of the infrared sensor corresponds to the position of the shielding infrared sensing rod.

5. The manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motion mechanism comprises: A bracket and a sliding wheel, wherein the bracket is used to support the powder storage mechanism; the sliding wheel is installed at the bottom of the bracket and is used to drive the powder storage mechanism to move back and forth.

6. The manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control mechanism comprises: A single chip microcomputer and a steering gear, wherein the single chip microcomputer is used to receive the signal sent by the infrared sensor and control the steering gear to work according to the signal; and the steering gear is used to control the opening and closing of the switch baffle.

7. The manufacturing equipment of layered composite metal based on SLM according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: The rolling shaft is arranged in the powder cabin and is electrically connected to the steering gear, and is used to prevent powder from being stuck in the powder cabin.

8. The SLM-based layered composite metal manufacturing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two rolling shafts, one of which is arranged in one of the powder cabins; There are four servos, which respectively control the two switch baffles and the two rolling shafts.

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