Nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a nonlinear vibration isolator with an electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism. The nonlinear vibration isolator comprises a crank rocker, a base, a base rear cover, a first magnetic material and a second magnetic material, the first magnetic material and the second magnetic material are fixedly arranged on the base, connected with the base in a sleeved mode and embedded in a cavity, containing the rotor, of the base, and the base is screwed with the base rear cover. According to the vibration isolator, the non-linear form of rigidity and damping can be selected according to the working load, and electromagnetic damping has no frictional resistance, so that the vibration isolator has more excellent reliability and applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation, and specifically to a nonlinear vibration isolator containing electromagnetic damping and a crank rocker mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The research on vibration isolation technology originated from the demand for ultra-precision manufacturing and measurement, aerospace exploration, transportation, weapons and equipment under extreme working conditions. These fields require equipment that can work in low-frequency and ultra-low-frequency environments, and traditional linear vibration isolation systems often cannot meet the needs in these environments. Linear vibration isolation systems usually only have a good suppression effect on vibrations in the medium and high frequency bands, but it is often difficult to effectively isolate micro-vibrations in the low-frequency area. At present, quasi-zero stiffness isolators are mainly used for small-amplitude vibration isolation, and there is still room for development in the field of large excitation. Most of the existing vibration isolation systems have a single function, and most of the vibration mechanical energy is dissipated and difficult to collect. Signal acquisition and vibration isolation layout are not conducive to active adjustment. The new nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator can meet higher requirements to a certain extent to maintain the normal operation of machinery, increase service life, and improve the safety and reliability of engineering structures.

[0003] For nonlinear electromagnetic isolators, the source of magnetic force is mainly permanent magnets, which generate damping by coupling with coils. Compared with other structural types of isolators, electromagnetic damping force is a non-contact force and has the advantage of energy conversion. In addition, active control or adjustment of damping can be achieved by externally connecting different circuits. Nonlinear electromagnetic isolators can be combined with energy harvesting technology and control technology to produce better vibration isolation effects and have excellent scalability. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims at solving the problems in the prior art and proposes an electromagnetic damping nonlinear vibration isolator with a double-coil structure. The present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0005] A nonlinear vibration isolator containing electromagnetic damping and a crank rocker mechanism of the present invention comprises a crank rocker, a base 8, a base back cover 9, a first magnetic material 10, and a second magnetic material 26;

[0006] The first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26 are fixedly disposed on the base 8 , are sleeved with the base 8 , and are embedded in the cavity of the base 8 including the rotor. The base 8 is screwed with the base back cover 9 .

[0007] Preferably, the nonlinear vibration isolator also includes a first longitudinal axis 1, a top cover 3, a second longitudinal axis 2, a third longitudinal axis 20, and a fourth longitudinal axis 21; the top cover 3 limits rotation and horizontal displacement through the first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21, and the top cover 3 moves in the vertical direction; the first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21 are all arranged on the base 8.

[0008] Preferably, the crank rocker includes a rocker 6 and a crank 7, the rocker 6 is connected to the top cover 3 through a component connecting shaft 25, the crank 7 is matched with the rotating shaft 15 through a key, and the rocker 6 and the crank 7 are connected through a first component connecting shaft 16; the first component connecting shaft 16 is clearance-matched with the rocker 6 and the crank 7, and is fixed by a second baffle 17.

[0009] Preferably, the component connecting shaft 25 is clearance-matched with the rocker 6 and the top cover 3 and is fixed by a third baffle 24 .

[0010] Preferably, the base 8 includes a hollow cylindrical shell that can accommodate the rotor, a rectangular bottom surface and a bracket that limits the rotating shaft 15; a rotating shaft 15 is arranged on the bracket of the base 8, the bracket, the hollow cylindrical shell and the bottom surface are integrated, and a rotor 11 is arranged in the hollow cylindrical shell.

[0011] Preferably, the rotor 11 is composed of copper wires, rotor bars, and a rotor core, and is connected to the rotating shaft 15 via a key; the rotor 11 conducts current through a first brush 22 and a second brush 23, and the first brush 22 and the second brush 23 are connected to an external circuit.

[0012] Preferably, the rotating shaft 15 is connected to the baffle 12 through a first screw 13 and a second screw 14 , and the rotating shaft 15 is limited in translation by the baffle 12 ; the rotating shaft 15 is clearance-matched with the base 8 .

[0013] Preferably, the first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26 are arranged with opposite magnetic poles to form an approximately uniform magnetic field.

[0014] Preferably, the nonlinear vibration isolator including electromagnetic damping and a crank-rocker mechanism further comprises a first spring 4 , a second spring 5 , a third spring 18 and a fourth spring 19 which are fixed to the base 8 and the top cover 3 respectively.

[0015] The base 8 is a hollow cuboid with an open upper end and a plurality of holes arranged on the side.

[0016] Beneficial Effects

[0017] The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention has the characteristics of nonlinear damping, adjustable damping, and functional conversion. The reliability problem of ordinary nonlinear vibration isolators under low-frequency and large-vibration working conditions is solved through the damping end, so that the vibration isolator shows a better vibration isolation effect under low-frequency working conditions. In the structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention, the stiffness structure can adopt a simple linear stiffness structure structure, or a variety of nonlinear stiffness structures, as long as these structures do not seriously affect the magnetic characteristics of the electromagnetic damper. The nonlinear damping structure can be connected in series and parallel with nonlinear circuits such as RLC to adjust the circuit characteristics and thus produce different damping effects. A variety of settings can be used under specific working conditions, which has the advantage of strong designability. The vibration isolator can select the nonlinear form of stiffness and damping according to the working load, and the electromagnetic damping has no friction resistance, so that the vibration isolator has more superior reliability and applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the first embodiment of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rotor structure of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional view of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the base of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the crank-rocker mechanism of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a connection diagram of the rocker and the rotating shaft of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the rear part of the rotating shaft of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 This is a diagram showing the connection between the crank and the top of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 It is the transmissibility curve of different vibration isolators;

[0028] Fig.11 This is an overall structural diagram of the second embodiment of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0029] The parts are numbered as follows:

[0030] First longitudinal axis 1, second longitudinal axis 2, top 3, first spring 4, second spring 5, rocker 6, crank 7, base 8, base back cover 9, first magnetic material 10, rotor 11, first baffle 12, first screw 13, second screw 14, rotating axis 15, first component connecting axis 16, second baffle 17, third spring 18, fourth spring 19, third longitudinal axis 20, fourth longitudinal axis 21, first brush 22, second brush 23, third baffle 24, second component connecting axis 25, second magnetic material 26. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 11 The nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention is further described in detail.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping of the present invention comprises a first longitudinal axis 1, a second longitudinal axis 2, a top 3, a first spring 4, a second spring 5, a rocker 6, a crank 7, a base 8, a base back cover 9, a first magnetic material 10, a rotor 11, a first baffle 12, a first screw 13, a second screw 14, a rotating shaft 15, a first component connecting shaft 16, a second baffle 17, a third spring 18, a fourth spring 19, a third longitudinal axis 20, a fourth longitudinal axis 21, a first brush 22, a second brush 23, a third baffle 24, a second component connecting shaft 25, and a second magnetic material 26;

[0033] The first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21 are arranged on the base 8, and the first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26 are fixedly arranged on the base 8, sleeved with the base 8, and embedded in the cavity of the base 8 including the rotor. The base 8 is screwed with the base back cover 9.

[0034] The top 3 is limited in rotation and horizontal displacement by the first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21, and the top cover 3 moves in the vertical direction. The longitudinal axis includes four identical first longitudinal axis 1, second longitudinal axis 2, third longitudinal axis 20, and fourth longitudinal axis 21.

[0035] The crank rocker comprises a rocker 6 and a crank 7, the rocker 6 and the top cover 3 are connected via a component connecting shaft 25, the crank 7 and the rotating shaft 15 are matched via a key, and the rocker 6 and the crank 7 are connected via a component connecting shaft 16. The first component connecting shaft 16 is matched with the rocker 6 and the crank 7 in a clearance, and is fixed by a baffle 17.

[0036] The second component connecting shaft 25 is loosely matched with the rocker 6 and the top cover 3, and is fixed by a baffle 24. The base 8 includes a hollow cylindrical shell that can accommodate the rotor, a rectangular bottom surface, and a bracket that limits the rotating shaft 15. The rotating shaft 15 is arranged on the bracket of the base 8, and the bracket, the shell and the bottom surface are integrated, and the rotor 11 is arranged in the shell. The rotor 11 is composed of a copper wire, a rotor bar, and a rotor core, and is connected to the rotating shaft 15 by a key. The rotor 11 conducts the current through the first brush 22 and the second brush 23, and the first brush 22 and the second brush 23 are connected to the external circuit. The rotating shaft 15 is connected to the baffle 12 through the first screw 13 and the second screw 14, and the rotating shaft 15 is limited in translation by the baffle 12. The rotating shaft 15 is loosely matched with the base 8. The first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26 are arranged with opposite poles to form an approximately uniform magnetic field.

[0037] The first spring 4 , the second spring 5 , the third spring 18 , and the fourth spring 19 are fixedly connected to the base 8 . The first spring 4 , the second spring 5 , the third spring 18 , and the fourth spring 19 are fixedly connected to the top cover 3 .

[0038] When the top 3 is subjected to a working load, the vibration isolator supports the load through the elastic force generated by the rigid structure. When subjected to vibration excitation, the first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21 generate radial constraints on the top 3 so that it can only slide in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of vertical movement.

[0039] The rotor 11 contains a coil, which forms a loop with any other external circuit. The first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26 have opposite magnetic poles to form an approximately uniform magnetic field. The magnetic material can be composed of more than one magnet axially attracted to each other. When it is necessary to change the working load or working condition of the vibration isolator, the size of the first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26 or the type of magnetic material can be changed to adjust the magnetic induction intensity, adjust the crank rocker length, change the coil winding form and number of turns in the rotor 11, thereby changing the nonlinear damping size and phase characteristics of the vibration isolator to match the working conditions under different conditions. The circuit can be selected in series or in parallel according to different needs, allowing external circuits with different characteristics to adjust the current, thereby achieving the regulation of damping. The top 3 drives the rotor 11 to rotate to generate current, thereby generating a nonlinear electromagnetic damping force. The damping force is related to both the speed and displacement according to different coil winding methods, so as to achieve the purpose of low-frequency vibration isolation from the damping end. The external circuit can be added with components such as energy collection or active control, and at this time, it can be expanded to achieve the purpose of energy conversion and control.

[0040] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotor 11 is composed of copper wires, rotor bars, and a rotor core, and is connected to the rotating shaft 15 through a key. The crank rocker system drives the rotating shaft to move, thereby driving the rotor to rotate.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a front view cross-section view of the vibration isolator; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the base; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection of the crank-rocker mechanism of the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the connection diagram between the rocker and the rotating shaft; Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the rear part of the rotating shaft; Fig. 9 This is a diagram of the connection between the crank and the top.

[0042] As shown in the above figure, the vibration isolator uses a crank rocker mechanism to transmit force and displacement. When the top 3 is subjected to a load, the load is balanced by the first spring 4, the second spring 5, the third spring 18, and the fourth spring 19. When the base 8 is subjected to vibration excitation, the excitation drives the top 3 and the load to move in the vertical direction. The first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21 exert radial constraints on the top 3 so that it can only slide in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the vertical movement. The internal layout of the rotor 11 can be adjusted to change its mass, coil winding method, etc. At the same time, the composition of the electronic components of the coil external circuit can be adjusted to adjust the magnitude and phase of the damping force.

[0043] It should be noted that in the nonlinear electromagnetic isolator of the present invention, the conductor part of the rotor 11 is made of copper or other low resistivity metals, and except for the first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26, the remaining parts are made of low magnetic permeability materials.

[0044] The first magnetic material 10, the second magnetic material 26 and the rotor 11 generate electromagnetic coupling. By setting the number of turns, the damping force is different during small excitation and large excitation. At the same time, due to the transmission mode of the crank rocker mechanism, the transmission effect is different at different positions, so that the vibration isolator can achieve the effect of low-frequency vibration isolation.

[0045] Principle

[0046] In the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention, when the rotor 11 rotates, the coil cuts the magnetic flux lines to generate current, and then generates electromagnetic damping force. The first spring 4, the second spring 5, the third spring 18, and the fourth spring 19 use a linear spring structure to provide the required stiffness force. When the vibration isolator moves, the Ampere force generated by the conductor cutting the magnetic flux lines constitutes an electromagnetic damping force, thereby achieving the effect of vibration isolation. When the top 3 is subjected to the working load, the load is provided by the stiffness of the stiffness structure, and the nonlinear damping force has different nonlinear characteristics under different working conditions. When the base 8 is subjected to vibration excitation, the base 8 drives the top 3 and the load to move in the vertical direction, and the first longitudinal axis 1, the second longitudinal axis 2, the third longitudinal axis 20, and the fourth longitudinal axis 21 produce radial constraints on the top 3 so that it can only slide in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the vertical movement.

[0047] During motion, the transmissibility curves of different vibration isolators are as follows: Fig.10 The coil contained in the rotor 11 can be connected to different circuit elements to adjust the magnitude and phase of the current during the movement, so as to achieve the effect of variable damping under different excitations; at the same time, since the coil current can be adjusted by the loop and the electric energy can be collected by the loop, it has the scalability of active control and energy collection.

[0048] Example

[0049] like Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment is a nonlinear electromagnetic isolator of another installation form, which includes a top cover 3, a rocker 6, a crank 7, a base 8, a base back cover 9, a first magnetic material 10, a second magnetic material 26, a rotor 11, a first baffle 12, a second baffle 17, a third baffle 24, a first screw 13, a second screw 14, a rotating shaft 15, a first component connecting shaft 16, a second component connecting shaft 25 and a first brush 22, a second brush 23.

[0050] The fifth spring 24, the sixth spring 25, the seventh spring 26, the first top rotating element 27, the second top rotating element 28, the third top rotating element 29, the first base rotating element 30, the second base rotating element 31, the third base rotating element 32, the first top rotating element axis 33, the second top rotating element axis 34, the third top rotating element axis 35, the first base rotating element axis 36, the second base rotating element axis 37, and the third base rotating element axis 38.

[0051] The first top rotating element 27, the second top rotating element 28, and the third top rotating element 29 are connected to the top 3 through the first top rotating element shaft 33, the second top rotating element shaft 34, and the third top rotating element shaft 35. The first base rotating element 30, the second base rotating element 31, and the third base rotating element 32 are connected to the base 8 through the first base rotating element shaft 36, the second base rotating element shaft 37, and the third base rotating element shaft 38. The rotating elements can rotate around the connection. The upper ends of the fifth spring 24, the sixth spring 25, and the seventh spring 26 are fixed to the first top rotating element 27, the second top rotating element 28, and the third top rotating element 29, and the lower ends are fixed to the first base rotating element 30, the second base rotating element 31, and the third base rotating element 32. The arrangement and working principle of the vibration isolator rotor, the rotating shaft, the crank rocker mechanism, and the magnetic material are the same as those in Example 1.

[0052] Among them, the base 8 adopts a linear stiffness structure, namely the fifth spring 24, the sixth spring 25, and the seventh spring 26 to form a nonlinear three-stiffness structure model to provide nonlinear stiffness force. The stiffness structure is composed of two vertically placed linear stiffness structures and four obliquely symmetrically placed linear stiffness structures. The isolator base 8 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped with an open upper end and a plurality of holes on the side.

[0053] When the top 3 is subjected to a load, the load is balanced by the rigidity of the rigid structure. When the base 8 is subjected to vibration excitation, the base 8 drives the top 3 and the load to move in the vertical direction. The fifth spring 24, the sixth spring 25, and the seventh spring 26 are arranged obliquely to constrain the top 3 so that it can only move in the axial direction, thereby ensuring the stability of the vertical movement. The structural layout of the coil inside the rotor 11 can be adjusted, such as the layout of the number of turns, the thickness of the coil, etc. At the same time, the composition of the external circuit electronic components can be adjusted to adjust the magnitude and phase of the damping force.

[0054] It should be noted that in the nonlinear electromagnetic vibration isolator of the present invention, the coil in the rotor 11 is selected from copper or other low resistivity metals, and the remaining components are selected from low magnetic permeability materials except the first magnetic material 10 and the second magnetic material 26. The first magnetic material 10, the second magnetic material 26 and the coil in the rotor 11 are electromagnetically coupled, and through the arrangement of the number of turns and the transmission effect of the crank rocker mechanism, the damping force of the system is different when it is slightly excited and when it is greatly excited, so that the effect of low-frequency vibration isolation can be achieved.

[0055] The damping structure of the present invention can be used in conjunction with a variety of existing rigid structures and has a wide range of applications. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A nonlinear vibration isolator containing electromagnetic damping and a crank rocker mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a crank rocker, a base (8), a base back cover (9), a first magnetic material (10), and a second magnetic material (26); The first magnetic material (10) and the second magnetic material (26) are fixedly arranged on the base (8), are sleeved with the base (8), and are embedded in a cavity of the base (8) containing a rotor. The base (8) is screwed together with a base back cover (9).

2. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonlinear vibration isolator further comprises a first longitudinal axis (1), a top cover (3), a second longitudinal axis (2), a third longitudinal axis (20), and a fourth longitudinal axis (21); the top cover (3) is restricted in rotation and horizontal displacement by the first longitudinal axis (1), the second longitudinal axis (2), the third longitudinal axis (20), and the fourth longitudinal axis (21), and the top cover (3) moves in the vertical direction; the first longitudinal axis (1), the second longitudinal axis (2), the third longitudinal axis (20), and the fourth longitudinal axis (21) are all arranged on a base (8).

3. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crank rocker comprises a rocker (6) and a crank (7); the rocker (6) is connected to the top cover (3) via a component connecting shaft (25); the crank (7) is matched with the rotating shaft (15) via a key; the rocker (6) and the crank (7) are connected via a first component connecting shaft (16); the first component connecting shaft (16) is clearance-matched with the rocker (6) and the crank (7) and is fixed via a second baffle (17).

4. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The component connecting shaft (25) is clearance-matched with the rocker (6) and the top cover (3) and is fixed by a third baffle (24).

5. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (8) comprises a hollow cylindrical shell capable of accommodating a rotor, a rectangular bottom surface and a bracket for limiting a rotating shaft (15); a rotating shaft (15) is arranged on the bracket of the base (8); the bracket, the hollow cylindrical shell and the bottom surface are integrated; and a rotor (11) is arranged in the hollow cylindrical shell.

6. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rotor (11) is composed of a copper conductor, a rotor bar and a rotor core, and is connected to a rotating shaft (15) via a key; the rotor (11) conducts current via a first brush (22) and a second brush (23), and the first brush (22) and the second brush (23) are connected to an external circuit.

7. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (15) is connected to the baffle (12) via a first screw (13) and a second screw (14), and the rotating shaft (15) is restricted from translation by the baffle (12); the rotating shaft (15) and the base (8) are clearance-matched.

8. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic poles of the first magnetic material (10) and the second magnetic material (26) are arranged in opposite directions to form an approximately uniform magnetic field.

9. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nonlinear vibration isolator containing electromagnetic damping and a crank rocker mechanism further comprises a first spring (4), a second spring (5), a third spring (18) and a fourth spring (19) which are respectively fixed to the base (8) and the top cover (3).

10. The nonlinear vibration isolator with electromagnetic damping and crank rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (8) is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped with an open upper end and a plurality of holes arranged on the side.

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