Forming process monitoring and sealing performance testing device for metal plugging sleeve

Abstract

The invention discloses a forming process monitoring and sealing performance testing device for a metal plugging sleeve. The forming process monitoring and sealing performance testing device comprises an experimental device body, an axial heating assembly, a temperature and expansion measuring assembly and a detection unit assembly. The experiment device body comprises an upper plugging plug, a high-pressure sealing gasket, an upper end cover inner ring, a plugging end cover, an upper end cover outer ring, a hanging ring, a supporting screw rod, an organic glass shell, a wire port end cover, a lower supporting base, a base plugging cover, an axial fixing base plate and a supporting base plate. The axial heating assembly is located at the bottom end of the device, and the heating end is arranged in the sleeve and used for heating and melting the low-melting-point alloy. The temperature and expansion measurement assembly is used for detecting the change process of the expansion force along with the temperature in the alloy plug forming process; the detection unit assembly comprises a built-in sleeve and a low-melting-point alloy and is used for experimental detection. The device is used for exploring the plugging effect of the low-melting-point alloy under different forming conditions, provides reference for oil and gas well plugging operation and has the advantages of being simple in structure, diversified in function and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a forming process monitoring and sealing test device for a metal plugging casing in the field of plugging abandoned oil wells, and is suitable for the fields of carbon storage and plugging abandoned oil and gas wells. Background Art

[0002] The common point between carbon capture, utilization and storage technology (CCUS) and abandoned well plugging (P&A) operations is to form a safe and stable plugging layer in the wellbore. Storing CO2 in geological media is an important technology for mitigating climate change. CO2 is sealed in an abandoned well in a supercritical state to prevent it from returning to the atmosphere. At the same time, a complete sealing barrier must ensure the complete isolation of hydrocarbons to prevent them from penetrating into the formation, groundwater and the surface, causing serious impacts on the ecological environment and human life safety.

[0003] At present, the mainstream CCUS and P&A sealing materials in the world are mostly cement-based materials. Cement is a key barrier to provide interlayer isolation and maintain wellbore integrity. However, due to the shrinkage of the cement matrix itself, the incomplete cleaning of the drilling fluid on the surface of the casing of the plugged well section, and the pressure and temperature changes in the casing at the bottom of the well may cause micro-annuli to appear at the cement-casing interface. These micro-annuli cracks may form mutually interpenetrating leakage channels, and the fluids sealed at the bottom of the well flow into the upper formations or even the surface through these channels. In deep wells in deep-sea environments, harsh underground conditions (high temperature, high pressure, and highly acidic corrosive fluids, etc.) will have a negative impact on traditional plugging materials such as cement, which may cause plugging failure. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a sealing material that meets both physical and chemical properties as a substitute for traditional plugging materials such as cement, and at the same time, the plugging cost should be as low as possible from the current plugging materials.

[0004] Low melting point alloy is a cement substitute for CCUS and P&A operations. This alloy will expand slightly when solidified and can form a tight bond with the casing. Low melting point alloy mainly contains the metal element Bi, and its melting point ranges from 138℃ to 273℃. At the same time, low melting point alloy has a high density and strong fluidity in the molten state. It has a high corrosion resistance to corrosive compounds such as H2S and CO2 at the bottom of the well. Compared with cement plugging, alloy plugging has a short operation time, a short plugging length, and a better sealing effect. It is a material that may change the plugging rules and needs further exploration and research.

[0005] During the solidification and forming process of the low-melting-point alloy plug, the study of the expansion process and the temperature field change process is crucial to improving its plugging effect. At present, the research on the molding process of the low-melting-point alloy plug in the casing and the change of the expansion force during the molding process still needs further exploration. Under different molding conditions, the sealing effect of the alloy plug is different, which needs to be explored through experiments. The plugging cost is high when plugging on-site in abandoned wells, and the experimental exploration process is relatively complicated. Therefore, the present invention designs a molding process monitoring and sealing test device for a metal plugging casing, which is used to explore the factors affecting the expansion force effect during the alloy plug molding process, mainly including molding axial pressure, cooling rate, and plugging aspect ratio. Through indoor experiments to simulate the bottom hole molding process of the alloy plug, the main factors affecting its plugging effect are explored, forming a feasible and applicable on-site plugging solution for wellbore casing. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forming process monitoring and sealing testing device for a metal sealing sleeve, so as to solve the problem of difficulty in detecting the forming process and sealing effect of the alloy plug in the prior art, and to explore the factors affecting the expansion force effect during the forming process of the alloy plug, mainly including the forming axial pressure, cooling rate and sealing aspect ratio.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way: a molding process monitoring and sealing test device for a metal plugging sleeve, characterized in that it includes an experimental device body, an axial heating assembly, a temperature and expansion measurement assembly and a detection unit assembly; the experimental device body includes an upper plugging plug, a high-pressure sealing gasket, an upper end cover inner ring, a plugging end cover, an upper end cover outer ring, a lifting ring, a support screw, a plexiglass shell, a wire port end cover, a lower support base, an axial fixed chassis and a support chassis; the axial heating assembly is located at the bottom of the device, and the heating end is built into the sleeve for heating and melting the low-melting-point alloy; the temperature and expansion measurement assembly is used to detect the change of expansion force with temperature during the molding process of the alloy plug; the detection unit assembly includes a built-in sleeve and a low-melting-point alloy for experimental detection;

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the experimental device body includes an upper plugging plug, a high-pressure sealing gasket, an inner ring of an upper end cover, a plugging end cover, an outer ring of an upper end cover, a lifting ring, a supporting screw, a plexiglass shell, a wire port end cover, a lower supporting base, an axially fixed chassis and a supporting chassis; the lower end of the upper plugging plug is threadedly connected to the inner ring of the upper end cover, and the high-pressure sealing gasket is located between the two, and is fixed by the pre-tightening force of the upper plugging plug and the inner ring of the upper end cover; the inner ring of the upper end cover is connected to the outer ring of the upper end cover by bolts and nuts; the lifting ring is connected to the inner ring of the upper end cover by threads; the plugging end cover is a rubber end cover and is evenly distributed on the inner ring of the upper end cover The three circular holes of the cloth are interference fit; the outer ring of the upper end cover is connected to the lower support base through a support screw and fixed with an anti-slip nut; the organic glass shell is connected between the bottom shoulder of the outer ring of the upper end cover and the upper shoulder of the lower support base, and the connection is sealed by an O-ring; the base blocking cover is threadedly connected to the inner circular hole of the shoulder of the lower support base, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection; the wire port end cover is a rubber end cover, which is interference fit with the three circular holes evenly distributed on the organic glass shell; the axial fixing plate is fixed to the middle shoulder of the support leg of the lower support base by bolts, and the support chassis is fixed to the bottom end of the support leg of the lower support base by bolts and nuts;

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the axial heating assembly includes a heating rod, a heating rod sleeve, an upper piston, a piston heat insulation sheet, a lower piston, a piston connector, a pressure sensor heat insulation plate and a screw mechanism; the heating rod is placed inside the heating rod sleeve, and the bottom end is supported by a high-temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube, the wire passes through the center of the high-temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube, and is led out through the side hole of the piston connector wire, and the heating power of the heating rod is controlled by a temperature control box; the bottom end of the heating rod sleeve is gap-matched with the piston assembly, and two high-temperature resistant O-rings are provided in cooperation, and the bottom end is supported by the piston connector. The piston assembly is composed of an upper piston, a piston heat insulation sheet and a lower piston connected by bolts. The piston assembly is matched with the internal clearance of the sleeve in the detection unit. The upper and lower pistons are provided with guide belts and high-temperature resistant O-rings at the matching positions with the sleeves. The lower piston is threadedly connected to the piston connector and fixed by pins to prevent relative rotation. The piston connector and the pressure sensor heat insulation plate are fixedly connected to the pressure sensor by bolts. The trapezoidal flange nut of the screw mechanism is fixedly connected to the axial fixing plate by bolts and nuts, and the upper end is fixed to the bottom end of the pressure sensor by bolts.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and expansion measurement assembly includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a high temperature resistant strain gauge; the temperature sensor and the high temperature resistant strain gauge constitute a sensor integrated module which is evenly attached to the outer wall of the casing, and three groups are evenly distributed vertically on the axial outer wall of the casing, and one group is distributed every 120° at the same cross section, for a total of nine groups; the strain gauges are distributed in a fan-shaped manner, and the angle between the three strain gauges is 45°, which are respectively used to measure the radial, axial and tangential strains of the outer surface of the casing; the pressure sensor is connected and fixed between the screw mechanism of the axial heating assembly and the pressure sensor insulation board, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the magnitude of the axial expansion force generated during the alloy plug forming process;

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit assembly includes a sleeve and a low melting point alloy; the upper end of the sleeve is connected to the central protruding shoulder circular hole at the bottom of the inner ring of the upper end cover, and the fitting is sealed by a high temperature resistant O-type sealing ring, and the lower end is connected to the central protruding shoulder circular hole at the upper part of the lower support base, and the fitting is sealed by a high temperature resistant O-type sealing ring; the low melting point alloy is placed in the sleeve in the form of particles or cylindrical pistons;

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0013] 1) Through indoor experiments, the process of setting low-melting-point alloy plugs at the bottom of the well by simulating electric heating was tested, and the expansion process of low-melting-point alloy plugs formed under different conditions was detected. The effects of plugging forming axial pressure, alloy heating initial temperature, environmental cooling medium and plugging aspect ratio on the sealing performance of the formed alloy plug were explored, so as to provide more scientific guidance for field applications based on the test results.

[0014] 2) The experimental study of different lengths of casing and alloy plugging can be completed by adjusting the length of the supporting screw and the plexiglass shell in the device body structure;

[0015] 3) It integrates the alloy forming process detection and the airtight performance test after forming into one, and the experimental results are more accurate and reliable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The following drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1 : It is a structural schematic diagram of the molding process monitoring and sealing testing device of the metal sealing sleeve of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 : It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the molding process monitoring and sealing testing device of the metal sealing sleeve of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3:For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A.

[0020] Figure 4 : It is a schematic diagram of the axial heating assembly structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 : It is a schematic diagram of the distribution structure of the sleeve and the surface sensor integrated module in the present invention.

[0022] In the figure:

[0023] 100- experimental device body;

[0024] 1. Lifting ring; 2. Support chassis; 3. Lower support base; 4. Axially fixed chassis; 5. Anti-skid nut; 6. Support screw; 7. Wire port end cover; 8. Upper end cover outer ring; 9. Upper end cover inner ring; 10. Upper plugging plug; 11. Blocking end cover; 12. Fixing bolt; 13. Organic glass shell; 16. Axially fixed chassis fixing bolt; 17. Support chassis fixing bolt and nut; 28. High-pressure sealing gasket; 32. Base plugging cover;

[0025] 101- axial heating assembly;

[0026] 14. Pressure sensor; 15. Screw mechanism; 18. Trapezoidal flange nut; 19. Screw upper flange fixing bolt; 20. Piston connector; 21. Lower piston; 22. Piston heat shield; 23. Upper piston; 24. Heating rod; 25. Heating rod sleeve; 30. Piston connecting bolt; 31. High temperature resistant O-ring; 33. Pressure sensor heat shield; 34. Screw upper flange; 201. High temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube; 301. Lower piston fixing pin hole; 302. Piston connector wire side hole; 303. Screw upper flange fixing pin hole;

[0027] 102-detection unit assembly;

[0028] 26. Low melting point alloy; 27. Casing;

[0029] 29. Sensor integration module; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the present invention, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a molding process monitoring and sealing test device for a metal plugging sleeve, comprising an experimental device body 100, an axial heating assembly 101, a temperature and expansion measurement assembly and a detection unit assembly 102; the experimental device body comprises an upper plugging plug 10, a high-pressure sealing gasket 28, an upper end cover inner ring 9, a plugging end cover 11, an upper end cover outer ring 8, a lifting ring 1, a support screw 6, an organic glass shell 13, a wire port end cover 7, a lower support base 3, an axial fixed chassis 4 and a support chassis 2; the lower end of the upper plugging plug 10 is threadedly connected to the upper end center hole of the upper end inner ring 9, and the high-pressure sealing gasket 28 is located between the two and is fixed by the pre-tightening force of the upper plugging plug 10 and the upper end cover inner ring 9; the upper end cover inner ring 9 and the upper end cover outer ring 8 are connected by fixing bolts 12; the lifting ring 1 is threadedly connected to the upper end cover inner ring 9 Circle 9, support chassis 2 and lower support base 3; the blocking end cover 11 is a rubber end cover and has an interference fit with three circular holes evenly distributed on the inner ring 9 of the upper end cover; the outer ring 8 of the upper end cover is connected to the lower support base 3 through the support screw 6 and fixed with the anti-slip nut 5; the organic glass shell 13 is connected between the bottom shoulder of the outer ring 6 of the upper end cover and the upper shoulder of the lower support base 3, and the connection is sealed by an O-ring 31; the base blocking cover 32 is threadedly connected to the inner circular hole of the shoulder of the lower support base 3, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection; the wire port end cover 7 is a rubber end cover and has an interference fit with three circular holes evenly distributed on the organic glass shell 6; the axial fixing plate 4 is fixed to the middle shoulder of the support leg of the lower support base 3 by the axial fixing chassis fixing bolt 16, and the support chassis and the bottom end of the support leg of the lower support base are fixed by the support chassis fixing bolt nut 17.

[0032] like Figure 2-4As shown, the axial heating assembly 101 includes a heating rod 24, a heating rod sleeve 25, an upper piston 23, a piston heat insulation sheet 22, a lower piston 21, a piston connector 20, a pressure sensor heat insulation plate 33 and a screw mechanism 15; the heating rod 24 is placed inside the heating rod sleeve 25, and the bottom end is supported by a high-temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube 201, the wire passes through the central through hole of the high-temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube 201, and is led out through the side hole 302 of the piston connector wire, and the heating power of the heating rod 24 is controlled by a temperature control box; the bottom end of the heating rod sleeve 25 is in clearance with the piston assembly, and two high-temperature resistant O-rings 31 are provided in cooperation, and the bottom end is limited by the upper shoulder of the piston connector 20; the piston assembly is composed of the upper piston 23, the piston heat insulation sheet 22 and the lower piston 21 through the piston connector The piston assembly is connected with the internal clearance of the sleeve 27 in the detection unit, and the upper and lower pistons are provided with guide belts and high-temperature resistant O-rings 31 at the fitting positions of the sleeve 27; the lower piston 21 is threadedly connected with the piston connector 20 and fixed by a pin to prevent relative rotation, and the pin passes through the lower piston fixing pin hole 301; the piston connector 20 and the pressure sensor insulation plate 33 are fixedly connected to the pressure sensor 14 by bolts; the trapezoidal flange nut 18 of the screw mechanism 15 is fixedly connected with the axial fixing plate 4 by bolts and nuts, and the upper end is fixed with the screw upper end flange 34 and the bottom end of the pressure sensor 14 by the screw upper end flange fixing bolt 19; the screw upper end flange 34 and the screw are fixed by the screw upper end flange fixing pin hole 303.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature and expansion measurement assembly includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor 14 and a high temperature resistant strain gauge; the temperature sensor and the high temperature resistant strain gauge constitute a sensor integrated module 29 which is evenly attached to the outer wall of the sleeve 27, and three groups are evenly distributed vertically on the axial outer wall of the sleeve 27, with one group distributed every 120° at the same cross section, for a total of nine groups; the strain gauges are distributed in a fan shape, with the angle between the three strain gauges being 45°, and are respectively used to measure the radial, axial and tangential strain amounts at different positions on the surface of the sleeve 27; the pressure sensor 14 is connected and fixed between the screw mechanism 15 of the axial heating assembly 101 and the pressure sensor insulation plate 33, and the pressure sensor 14 is used to detect the magnitude of the axial expansion force generated during the alloy plug forming process.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the detection unit assembly includes a sleeve 27 and a low-melting-point alloy 26; the upper end of the sleeve 27 is connected to the central protruding shoulder circular hole at the bottom of the upper end cover inner ring 9, and the fitting is sealed by a high-temperature resistant O-type sealing ring 31, and the lower end is connected to the central protruding shoulder circular hole at the upper part of the lower support base 3, and the fitting is sealed by a high-temperature resistant O-type sealing ring 31; the low-melting-point alloy 26 is placed in the sleeve in the form of particles or cylindrical pistons;

[0035] A working principle for monitoring the forming process and testing the sealing performance of metal plugging sleeves:

[0036] During the experiment, take out the inner ring 9 of the upper end cover, install the test sleeve 27 in the circular hole of the protruding shoulder at the center of the upper part of the lower support base 3, seal the fitting part with the high temperature resistant O-ring 31, and lead the signal transmission wire of the sensor integrated module 29 through the circular hole of the wire on the organic glass shell 13. Assemble and fix the inner ring 9 of the upper end cover with the sleeve 27 and the outer ring 8 of the upper end cover, and lock them with bolts and nuts. Fix the axial heating assembly 101 on the axial fixed chassis 4, turn the screw mechanism, and introduce the lower piston 23 and the upper part of the axial heating assembly 101 into the bottom of the sleeve 27 through the center of the threaded hole at the bottom of the lower support base 3 to form a bottom seal. Put the low melting point alloy 26 particles into the sleeve 27. At the same time, open the plugging end cover 11, and slowly pour the sand and gravel into the annular space formed by the organic glass shell 13 and the sleeve through the circular hole at the upper end of the inner ring 9 of the upper end cover, and fill it evenly. The upper sealing plug 10 is threadedly connected to the inner ring 9 of the upper end cover, a high-pressure sealing gasket 28 is added between the two, and the upper sealing plug 10 is tightened.

[0037] After the experimental device is assembled, a high-pressure air pipe is connected to the upper end of the upper plug 10, and then the temperature control box is opened to start the heating rod 24. The temperature change of the low-melting-point alloy 26 during the heating process is recorded through the sensor integrated module 29. After the alloy temperature rises to the set value and is in a completely molten state, the temperature control box is closed and the heating rod 24 is stopped. At this time, high-pressure gas (air) is injected into the high-pressure air pipe connected to the upper plug 10 through a high-pressure stabilizing air pump, and the air pressure acts on the upper end of the molten low-melting-point alloy 26 until the low-melting-point alloy 26 is completely solidified and then the pressure is released. The expansion change process of the alloy during solidification is detected by the sensor integrated module 29 and the pressure sensor 14, and data collection is stopped after it is completely solidified and cooled to room temperature.

[0038] After collecting the forming and expansion process of the low-melting-point alloy 26, the axial heating assembly 101 is taken out through the screw mechanism. Except for the heating rod sleeve 25, other components are completely taken out. Subsequently, a sealing plugging joint is connected to the bottom center threaded hole of the lower support base 3, and the outlet of the joint is connected to the gas flow meter. A high-pressure stabilizing air pump is used to inject high-pressure gas (air) into the high-pressure air pipe connected to the upper plugging plug 10 until data appears on the gas flow meter. At this time, the seal of the low-melting-point alloy plug fails, and the breakthrough pressure is recorded.

[0039] The above description is only an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications made by any person skilled in the art without departing from the concept and principle of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the forming process and testing the sealing performance of a metal plugging sleeve, characterized in that: It includes an experimental device body, an axial heating assembly, a temperature and expansion measurement assembly and a detection unit assembly; the axial heating assembly is located at the bottom of the device, and the heating end is built into the sleeve to heat and melt the low-melting-point alloy; the temperature and expansion measurement assembly is used to detect the change of expansion force with temperature during the alloy plug forming process; the detection unit assembly includes a built-in sleeve and a low-melting-point alloy, which is used for experimental detection.

2. The molding process monitoring and sealing test device of the metal plugging sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The experimental device body includes an upper plugging plug, a high-pressure sealing gasket, an inner ring of an upper end cover, a plugging end cover, an outer ring of an upper end cover, a lifting ring, a supporting screw, an organic glass shell, a wire port end cover, a lower supporting base, a base plugging cover, an axially fixed chassis and a supporting chassis; the lower end of the upper plugging plug is threadedly connected to the inner ring of the upper end cover, and the high-pressure sealing gasket is located between the two, and is fixed by the pre-tightening force of the upper plugging plug and the inner ring of the upper end cover; the inner ring of the upper end cover is connected to the outer ring of the upper end cover by bolts and nuts; the lifting ring is connected to the inner ring of the upper end cover by threads; the plugging end cover is a rubber end cover and three circular ends evenly distributed on the inner ring of the upper end cover The hole is interference fit; the outer ring of the upper end cover is connected to the lower support base by a support screw and fixed with an anti-slip nut; the plexiglass shell is connected between the bottom shoulder of the outer ring of the upper end cover and the upper shoulder of the lower support base, and the connection is sealed by an O-ring; the base sealing cover is threadedly connected to the inner circular hole of the shoulder of the lower support base, and a sealing gasket is provided at the connection; the wire port end cover is a rubber end cover, which is interference fit with the three circular holes evenly distributed on the plexiglass shell; the axial fixing plate is fixed to the middle shoulder of the support leg of the lower support base by bolts, and the support chassis is fixed to the bottom end of the support leg of the lower support base by bolts and nuts.

3. The molding process monitoring and sealing test device of the metal plugging sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The axial heating assembly includes a heating rod, a heating rod sleeve, an upper piston, a piston heat insulation sheet, a lower piston, a piston connector, a pressure sensor heat insulation plate and a screw mechanism; the heating rod is placed inside the heating rod sleeve, and the bottom end is supported by a high-temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube, and the wire passes through the center of the high-temperature resistant insulating asbestos tube and is led out through the side hole of the piston connector wire; the bottom end of the heating rod sleeve is in clearance with the piston assembly, and two high-temperature resistant O-type sealing rings are provided in cooperation, and the bottom end is limited by the upper end of the piston connector; the piston assembly is composed of an upper piston, a piston heat insulation sheet and a lower piston connected by bolts, and the piston assembly is in clearance with the inner sleeve of the detection unit, and a guide belt and a high-temperature resistant O-type sealing ring are provided at the cooperation between the upper and lower pistons and the sleeve; the lower piston is threadedly connected to the piston connector and fixed by a pin to prevent relative rotation; the piston connector and the pressure sensor heat insulation plate are fixedly connected to the pressure sensor by bolts; the trapezoidal flange nut of the screw mechanism is fixedly connected to the axial fixing plate by bolts and nuts, and the upper end is fixed to the bottom end of the pressure sensor by bolts.

4. The molding process monitoring and sealing test device of the metal plugging sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temperature and expansion measurement assembly includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a high-temperature resistant strain gauge; the temperature sensor and the high-temperature resistant strain gauge constitute a sensor integrated module which is evenly attached to the outer wall of the casing, and three groups are evenly distributed vertically on the axial outer wall of the casing, with one group distributed every 120° at the same cross section, for a total of nine groups; the strain gauges are distributed in a fan shape, with an angle of 45° between each of the three strain gauges, which are respectively used to measure the radial, axial and tangential strains of the outer surface of the casing; the pressure sensor is connected and fixed between the screw mechanism of the axial heating assembly and the pressure sensor insulation board.

5. The molding process monitoring and sealing test device of the metal plugging sleeve according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The detection unit assembly includes a sleeve and a low-melting-point alloy; the upper end of the sleeve is connected to the circular hole of the protruding shoulder at the center of the bottom of the inner ring of the upper end cover, and the fitting part is sealed by a high-temperature resistant O-ring; the lower end is connected to the circular hole of the protruding shoulder at the center of the upper part of the lower support base, and the fitting part is sealed by a high-temperature resistant O-ring; the low-melting-point alloy is placed in the sleeve in the form of particles or cylindrical pistons.

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