Thoracic cavity exhaust and drainage device based on Tesla valve principle

Abstract

The invention discloses a thoracic cavity exhaust and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, the thoracic cavity exhaust and drainage device comprises two drainage tubes, namely an exhaust drainage tube and a drainage drainage tube; the exhaust pipe is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the exhaust drainage pipe, and the other end of the exhaust drainage pipe is detachably connected and communicated with one of the through pipes of the puncture trocar; the liquid discharge tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the liquid discharge and drainage tube, and the other end of the liquid discharge and drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with the other through tube of the puncture trocar; and the bacteria isolation cover is detachably arranged on the puncture trocar and is used for preventing the puncture part from being infected in the drainage process. The bacteria isolation cover is arranged, so that infection caused by the fact that a puncture position is not effectively protected in the drainage process is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a chest exhaust, liquid discharge and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle. Background Art

[0002] Pneumothorax and large amounts of pleural effusion can cause breathing difficulties and can be life-threatening, requiring emergency thoracentesis or closed chest drainage to relieve chest tightness and shortness of breath. Thoracentesis and drainage can both extract gas and drain fluid, thereby restoring the physiological pressure of the chest cavity, promoting lung re-expansion, and achieving emergency and therapeutic effects.

[0003] At present, the devices used in the prior art for relieving pneumothorax generally use a simple finger-tip puncture needle for field first aid. Since the field environment cannot be completely aseptic, the puncture site is not effectively protected during the drainage process, and bacteria can easily retrograde into the chest cavity to aggravate the infection. Especially during first aid, drainage operations are performed, and infection is very likely to occur at the puncture site during the drainage process. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A chest exhaust and fluid drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle, comprising a drainage tube, a puncture trocar and a drainage bag, wherein the rear end of the puncture trocar is an integrally arranged T-shaped three-way pipe structure, and the four sides of the outside of the drainage bag are surrounded by Tesla valve exhaust pipes; the inlet end of the Tesla valve exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe of the drainage bag, and the outlet end of the Tesla valve exhaust pipe is connected to the discharge pipe of the drainage bag; a drainage tube connected to the inner cavity of the drainage bag is fixed on one side of the upper end of the drainage bag, and the inner cavity of the drainage bag is filled with a highly absorbent fiber mesh filler;

[0006] The drainage tubes are provided with two, namely, an exhaust drainage tube and a liquid drainage tube; the exhaust tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the exhaust drainage tube, and the other end of the exhaust drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with one of the through tubes of the puncture trocar; the liquid drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the liquid drainage tube, and the other end of the liquid drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with the other through tube of the puncture trocar;

[0007] A bacteria-isolating cover is detachably arranged on the puncture trocar and is used to prevent infection at the puncture site during the drainage process.

[0008] Furthermore, the exhaust pipe is fixedly provided with a receiving pipe joint, an end of the receiving pipe joint away from the exhaust pipe is provided with an inner insert ring tube, and an inner wall of the receiving pipe joint is also provided with an inner soft ring tube;

[0009] The exhaust drainage pipe is provided with a plug-in pipe joint, the plug-in pipe joint is provided with an inner insert ring groove corresponding to the inner insert ring pipe away from the exhaust drainage pipe, the surface of the plug-in pipe joint is provided with an outer soft ring pipe, and the outer surface of the plug-in pipe joint and one end close to the exhaust drainage pipe is provided with a limit clamp ring;

[0010] The liquid discharge pipe has the same structure as the exhaust pipe, and the liquid discharge drainage pipe has the same structure as the exhaust drainage pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the liquid drainage pipe / exhaust drainage pipe is composed of a first drainage pipe, a third drainage pipe and a plurality of second drainage pipes, wherein the plurality of second drainage pipes are arranged in sequence, and adjacent second drainage pipes are interconnected to form a total liquid drainage pipe;

[0012] The first end of the first drainage tube is connected to the drainage tube / exhaust tube, the second end is connected to the first end of the main drainage tube, the second end of the main drainage tube is connected to the first end of the third drainage tube, and the second end of the third drainage tube is connected to the through tube of the puncture trocar;

[0013] The plug-in connectors are respectively arranged at the first end of the first drainage tube and the second end of the third drainage tube, and two through tubes of the puncture trocar have the same structure as the exhaust pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the second end of the first drainage tube is provided with a first groove, and the outer surface of the second end of the first drainage tube is provided with a first Velcro;

[0015] The first end of the second drainage tube is provided with a first protrusion matching the first groove, and the second end of the second drainage tube is provided with a second groove, wherein the first groove and the second groove have the same structure; the first end of the second drainage tube is provided with a first bonding groove on the outer surface, and the second end of the second drainage tube is provided with a second Velcro on the outer surface;

[0016] The first end of the third drainage tube is provided with a second protrusion matching the second groove, and the outer surface of the first end of the third drainage tube is provided with a second bonding groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the first end of the bacteria-isolating cover is provided with a third Velcro, and the second end is provided with a third bonding groove. The third Velcro is bonded to the third bonding groove, so that the bacteria-isolating cover can be enclosed and arranged at the puncture site of the puncture trocar.

[0018] Furthermore, the bacteria-isolating cover includes an outer cotton layer and an inner cotton layer which are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside; the outer cotton layer and the inner cotton layer are detachably connected; a dirt indicator light is arranged on the outer surface of the outer cotton layer, a bacteria detector is arranged between the outer cotton layer and the inner cotton layer, and the bacteria detector is connected to the dirt indicator light.

[0019] Furthermore, the interior of the outer cotton layer is provided with an anti-infection nano protective layer, an anti-infection activated carbon filter layer and an anti-fog filter cloth interlayer in sequence from the outside to the inner cotton layer.

[0020] Furthermore, the diameter of the liquid drainage pipe is determined by Poiseuille's law, and the diameter of the exhaust drainage pipe is determined by Fanning's formula.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] The chest exhaust and fluid drainage device of the present invention is based on the Tesla valve principle, and adopts a pipeline structure based on the one-way flow-guiding function of the Tesla valve, thereby reducing the drainage tube and water seal bottle structure of the traditional chest closed drainage. At the same time, the present invention is provided with a bacteria-isolating cover to prevent the puncture site from being effectively protected during the drainage process and causing infection. The drainage tube of the present invention is more tightly connected to prevent the drainage tube from falling off and causing danger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the puncture trocar;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the first drainage tube and the second drainage tube;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the drainage pipe and the drainage pipe;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a top view of the bacterial isolation cover;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bacteria isolation cover;

[0029] Among them: 1. Puncture cannula needle; 2. Bacteria isolation cover; 21. Third Velcro; 22. Outer cotton layer; 221. Anti-infection nano protective layer; 222. Anti-infection activated carbon filter layer; 223. Anti-fog filter cloth interlayer; 23. Inner cotton layer; 24. Bacteria detector; 3. Exhaust drainage tube; 31. First Velcro; 32. First groove; 33. First bump; 34. First adhesive groove; 4. Drainage tube; 41. Receiver pipe joint; 42. Inner insert ring tube; 43. Inner insert ring groove; 44. Plug-in pipe joint; 45. Limiting clamp; 5. Drainage bag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1

[0031] refer to Figure 1- Figure 6 A chest exhaust and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle comprises a drainage tube, a puncture trocar 1 and a drainage bag 5, wherein the rear end of the puncture trocar 1 is an integrally arranged T-shaped three-way pipe structure, and the four sides of the outside of the drainage bag 5 are surrounded by Tesla valve exhaust pipes; the inlet end of the Tesla valve exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe of the drainage bag 5, and the outlet end of the Tesla valve exhaust pipe is connected to the discharge pipe of the drainage bag 5; a drainage pipe connected to the inner cavity of the drainage bag 5 is fixed on one side of the upper end of the drainage bag 5, and the inner cavity of the drainage bag 5 is filled with a highly absorbent fiber mesh filler;

[0032] Two drainage tubes are provided, namely, an exhaust drainage tube 3 and a liquid drainage tube 4; the exhaust tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the exhaust drainage tube 3, and the other end of the exhaust drainage tube 3 is detachably connected and communicated with one of the through tubes of the puncture trocar 1; the liquid drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the liquid drainage tube 4, and the other end of the liquid drainage tube 4 is detachably connected and communicated with the other through tube of the puncture trocar 1;

[0033] The bacteria-isolating cover 2 is detachably arranged on the puncture trocar 1 and is used to prevent infection at the puncture site during the drainage process.

[0034] In this embodiment, the puncture trocar 1 comprises an outer sleeve and a needle, the rear end of the outer sleeve away from the needle is a base, and the base is a T-shaped three-way pipe structure integrally arranged with the end of the rear end of the outer sleeve; the base comprises a central tube, an upper tube and a lower tube, the front end of the central tube is integrally fixedly connected with the end, a rubber stopper is fixed to the inner wall of the central tube away from the rear end of the outer sleeve, the front end of the upper side of the central tube is connected and fixed with the upper tube, and the rear end of the lower side of the central tube is connected and fixed with the lower tube.

[0035] In this embodiment, the upper tube is communicated with the exhaust drainage tube 3 , and the lower tube is communicated with the liquid drainage tube 4 .

[0036] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is fixedly provided with a receiving pipe joint 41, an end of the receiving pipe joint 41 away from the exhaust pipe is provided with an inner insert ring pipe 42, and the inner wall of the receiving pipe joint 41 is also provided with an inner soft ring pipe;

[0037] The exhaust gas drainage pipe 3 is provided with a plug-in pipe joint 44, and the plug-in pipe joint 44 is provided with an inner insert ring groove 43 corresponding to the inner insert ring pipe 42 away from the exhaust gas drainage pipe 3, and an outer soft ring pipe is provided on the surface of the plug-in pipe joint 44, and a limit clamp ring 45 is provided on the outer surface of the plug-in pipe joint 44 and at one end close to the exhaust gas drainage pipe 3;

[0038] The liquid discharge pipe has the same structure as the exhaust pipe, and the liquid discharge drainage pipe 4 has the same structure as the exhaust drainage pipe 3 .

[0039] Preferably, the liquid drainage pipe 4 / exhaust drainage pipe 3 is composed of a first drainage pipe, a third drainage pipe and a plurality of second drainage pipes, wherein the plurality of second drainage pipes are arranged in sequence, and adjacent second drainage pipes are interconnected to form a total liquid drainage pipe;

[0040] The first end of the first drainage tube is connected to the drainage tube / exhaust tube, the second end is connected to the first end of the main drainage tube, the second end of the main drainage tube is connected to the first end of the third drainage tube, and the second end of the third drainage tube is connected to the through tube of the puncture trocar;

[0041] The plug-in connectors 44 are respectively arranged at the first end of the first drainage tube and the second end of the third drainage tube, and two through tubes of the puncture trocar 1 have the same structure as the exhaust pipe.

[0042] In this embodiment, the upper tube and the lower tube of the puncture trocar 1 have the same structure as the exhaust tube.

[0043] Preferably, the second end of the first drainage tube is provided with a first groove 32, and the outer surface of the second end of the first drainage tube is provided with a first Velcro 31;

[0044] The first end of the second drainage tube is provided with a first protrusion 33 matching the first groove, and the second end of the second drainage tube is provided with a second groove, wherein the first groove and the second groove have the same structure; the outer surface of the first end of the second drainage tube is provided with a first bonding groove 34, and the outer surface of the second end of the second drainage tube is provided with a second Velcro;

[0045] The first end of the third drainage tube is provided with a second protrusion matching the second groove, and the outer surface of the first end of the third drainage tube is provided with a second bonding groove.

[0046] Preferably, the first end of the bacteria isolation cover 2 is provided with a third Velcro 21 , and the second end is provided with a third bonding groove. The third Velcro 21 is bonded to the third bonding groove, so that the bacteria isolation cover 2 can be enclosed and disposed at the puncture site of the puncture trocar 1 .

[0047] In this embodiment, the bacteria-isolating cover is in the shape of a ring, and the inner circle of the bacteria-isolating cover 2 is arranged to surround the puncture site of the puncture trocar 1; wherein the bacteria-isolating cover 2 and the puncture trocar 1 are interference fit.

[0048] In this embodiment, the bacteria-isolating cover is closely attached to the skin along the puncture trocar to enclose the skin. At this time, a closed space is formed between the bacteria-isolating cover and the skin to ensure that bacteria cannot enter.

[0049] Preferably, the bacteria isolation cover 2 includes an outer cotton layer 22 and an inner cotton layer 23 which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside; the outer cotton layer 22 and the inner cotton layer 23 are detachably connected; a dirt indicator light is provided on the outer surface of the outer cotton layer 22, and a bacteria detector 24 is provided between the outer cotton layer 22 and the inner cotton layer 23, and the bacteria detector 24 is connected to the dirt indicator light.

[0050] Preferably, the interior of the outer cotton layer 22 is provided with an anti-infection nano protective layer 221, an anti-infection activated carbon filter layer 222 and an anti-fog filter cloth interlayer 223 in sequence from the outside to the inner cotton layer 23.

[0051] In this embodiment, the drainage bag 5 is a negative pressure drainage bag, and the drainage bag 5 can be a 500 ml negative pressure drainage bag. During use, the exuded liquid flows into the drainage bag 5 through the upper tube and the input end of the drainage tube, and can be temporarily stored. The temporarily stored liquid can be adsorbed on the super absorbent fiber mesh filler (specifically, the super absorbent fiber mesh filler is PSA super absorbent fiber mesh filler) in the drainage bag 5. When the drainage bag 5 is not full, the liquid in the drainage bag 5 will not leak out or flow back into the chest cavity. In addition, after the upper tube and the exhaust pipe input end and the lower tube and the drainage pipe input end are connected, the drainage bag 5 can be fixed to the patient's belt by a strap, and after the fixation is completed, it is convenient for the patient to move and transfer.

[0052] In this embodiment, the bacteria detector includes a bacteria detection plate and a bacteria analyzer, and the bacteria analyzer is arranged on the bacteria analyzer.

[0053] In this embodiment, after the puncture cannula needle 1 punctures, the bacteria isolation cover 2 is enclosed at the puncture site of the puncture cannula needle 1. When the bacteria analyzer of the bacteria isolation cover 2 analyzes the number of bacteria on the bacteria detection plate, if the number of bacteria on the bacteria detection plate reaches a certain height value, the contamination indicator light lights up to remind people to replace the inner cotton layer and the outer cotton layer of the bacteria isolation cover 2.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] In order to improve the drainage efficiency of the drainage device, this embodiment is further configured on the basis of the first embodiment.

[0056] Preferably, the diameter of the liquid drainage tube is determined by Poiseuille's law, and the diameter of the exhaust drainage tube is determined by Fanning's formula.

[0057] When draining liquid, the flow rate can be calculated using Poiseuille's law. The law is:

[0058] Q=π×r 4 ×Δp / (8ηL)

[0059] Let R = 8ηL / (πr 4 ), that is, Q = Δp / R, R is called flow resistance.

[0060] Where Q is the liquid flow rate, ΔP is the pressure difference between the two ends of the pipe, r is the pipe radius, L is the pipe length, and η is the viscosity of the liquid. K is a constant related to the liquid viscosity η.

[0061] From this formula, we can know that the flow rate per unit time is proportional to the pressure difference between the two ends of the pipe (P1-P2) and the fourth power of the pipe radius, and inversely proportional to the length of the pipe. Under the same conditions, if the radius of pipe A is twice that of pipe B, then the blood flow of the former is 16 times that of the latter. Therefore, the pipe diameter is an important factor in determining the amount of blood flow.

[0062] When draining gas, the fluid loss along the way is calculated using the Fanning formula. The formula is:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, Δp f :Long-range loss per unit volume of fluid / Pa, l: pipeline length / m, d: pipeline inner diameter / m, u: flow velocity / m / s, ρ: density / kg / m3, λ: friction coefficient,

[0065] Therefore, the French (F) size range of the tube diameter is designed to be 14-40F (diameter F / 3 = diameter mm). Under -20cmH2O negative pressure suction, the gas drainage rate of a 24F tube is approximately 28L / min.

[0066] The drainage rate of liquid is low, which is related to the viscosity of the liquid. The viscosity of blood is high, while the viscosity of simple transudative effusion is low. Therefore, drainage tubes ≥28F are designed to manage the drainage of possible hemothorax, which can discharge colloid blood clots. The viscosity of gas is extremely low, so a smaller drainage tube (≤24F) is designed.

[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the technical scope of the present invention. Therefore, any slight modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chest exhaust and fluid drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle, comprising a drainage tube, a puncture trocar and a drainage bag, wherein: The rear end of the puncture trocar is an integrally arranged T-shaped three-way pipe structure, and the four sides of the outside of the drainage bag are surrounded by Tesla valve exhaust pipes; the inlet end of the Tesla valve exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe of the drainage bag, and the outlet end of the Tesla valve exhaust pipe is connected to the discharge pipe of the drainage bag; a drainage pipe connected to the inner cavity of the drainage bag is fixed on one side of the upper end of the drainage bag, and the inner cavity of the drainage bag is filled with a highly absorbent fiber mesh filler, characterized in that: The drainage tubes are provided with two, namely, an exhaust drainage tube and a liquid drainage tube; the exhaust tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the exhaust drainage tube, and the other end of the exhaust drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with one of the through tubes of the puncture trocar; the liquid drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with one end of the liquid drainage tube, and the other end of the liquid drainage tube is detachably connected and communicated with the other through tube of the puncture trocar; A bacteria-isolating cover is detachably arranged on the puncture trocar and is used to prevent infection at the puncture site during the drainage process.

2. A chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust pipe is fixedly provided with a receiving pipe joint, an end of the receiving pipe joint away from the exhaust pipe is provided with an inner insert ring tube, and the inner wall of the receiving pipe joint is also provided with an inner soft ring tube; The exhaust drainage pipe is provided with a plug-in pipe joint, the plug-in pipe joint is provided with an inner insert ring groove corresponding to the inner insert ring pipe away from the exhaust drainage pipe, the surface of the plug-in pipe joint is provided with an outer soft ring pipe, and the outer surface of the plug-in pipe joint and one end close to the exhaust drainage pipe is provided with a limit clamp ring; The liquid discharge pipe has the same structure as the exhaust pipe, and the liquid discharge drainage pipe has the same structure as the exhaust drainage pipe.

3. A chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid drainage pipe / exhaust drainage pipe is composed of a first drainage pipe, a third drainage pipe and a plurality of second drainage pipes, wherein the plurality of second drainage pipes are arranged in sequence, and adjacent second drainage pipes are interconnected to form a total liquid drainage pipe; The first end of the first drainage tube is connected to the drainage tube / exhaust tube, the second end is connected to the first end of the main drainage tube, the second end of the main drainage tube is connected to the first end of the third drainage tube, and the second end of the third drainage tube is connected to the through tube of the puncture trocar; The plug-in connectors are respectively arranged at the first end of the first drainage tube and the second end of the third drainage tube, and two through tubes of the puncture trocar have the same structure as the exhaust pipe.

4. A chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second end of the first drainage tube is provided with a first groove, and the outer surface of the second end of the first drainage tube is provided with a first Velcro; The first end of the second drainage tube is provided with a first protrusion matching the first groove, and the second end of the second drainage tube is provided with a second groove, wherein the first groove and the second groove have the same structure; the first end of the second drainage tube is provided with a first bonding groove on the outer surface, and the second end of the second drainage tube is provided with a second Velcro on the outer surface; The first end of the third drainage tube is provided with a second protrusion matching the second groove, and the outer surface of the first end of the third drainage tube is provided with a second bonding groove.

5. A chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first end of the bacteria-isolating cover is provided with a third Velcro, and the second end is provided with a third bonding groove. The third Velcro is bonded to the third bonding groove, so that the bacteria-isolating cover can be enclosed and arranged at the puncture site of the puncture trocar.

6. A chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bacteria-isolating cover comprises an outer cotton layer and an inner cotton layer which are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside; the outer cotton layer is detachably connected to the inner cotton layer; a dirt indicator light is arranged on the outer surface of the outer cotton layer, a bacteria detector is arranged between the outer cotton layer and the inner cotton layer, and the bacteria detector is connected to the dirt indicator light.

7. A chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interior of the outer cotton layer is provided with an anti-infection nano protective layer, an anti-infection activated carbon filter layer and an anti-fog filter cloth interlayer in sequence from the outside to the inner cotton layer.

8. The chest exhaust, drainage and drainage device based on the Tesla valve principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the liquid drainage pipe is determined by Poiseuille's law, and the diameter of the exhaust drainage pipe is determined by Fanning's formula.

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