Populus euphratica forest fragmentation plaque root tiller seedling updating method and system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and discloses a populus euphratica forest fragmentation plaque root tiller seedling updating method, which comprises the following steps: determining the characteristics and spatial distribution of populus euphratica root tiller seedling roots; distribution characteristics of propagation roots of broken plaques in the populus euphratica forest; the relationship between the stock forest growth characteristics and propagation root distribution characteristics; nutrient substance characteristics of populus euphratica root tiller seedlings; and researching key environmental factors of populus euphratica root tiller updating. According to the method, the concept of crushing plaques in the populus euphratica forest is put forward for the first time, and the crushing plaques in the populus euphratica forest are independent crushed plaques formed by artificially reclaiming the populus euphratica forest into cultivated lands with different sizes and embedding the cultivated lands in the populus euphratica forest after artificial discarding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and in particular relates to a root sucker seedling renewal method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests. Background Art

[0002] 1.1 Basis and background of the topic

[0003] Populus euphratica is a woody plant belonging to the subgenus Populus of the Salicaceae family. It is a relict plant left over from the Tertiary period and one of the critically endangered species among the first 388 rare and endangered plants studied in my country. As Populus euphratica has the ecological protection benefits of conserving water sources, protecting water and soil, preventing wind and fixing sand, and regulating local climate, and its small number makes it a forest genetic resource that the world urgently needs to protect first, it has long attracted widespread attention from relevant countries and international organizations and has become a research hotspot for many scholars. The 15 million mu natural Populus euphratica forest belt distributed on both sides of the Tarim River Basin coexists with the Tarim River. It is not only the most concentrated, best preserved and most representative area of ​​natural Populus euphratica forest in my country, but also a "green corridor" for protecting oases and maintaining the balance of the ecosystem in the extremely arid area of ​​the Tarim Basin. The desert riverbank Populus euphratica forest with Populus euphratica as the dominant species is of great significance to maintaining the ecological security of southern Xinjiang.

[0004] In recent years, the ecological situation of Populus euphratica forests remains relatively severe, especially as a large amount of cultivated land is scattered across the national key public welfare forest areas, and problems such as excessive occupation of forest land remain prominent. The fragmentation and segmentation of the Populus euphratica ecosystem are the most prominent problems that damage the integrity of the Populus euphratica ecosystem, reducing the habitat of large mammals, affecting migration corridors and population reproduction, and greatly reducing the ecological functions and service value of the Populus euphratica ecosystem.

[0005] A large number of studies have shown that water conditions are an important determinant of the renewal and growth of Populus euphratica, and water supply is a necessary condition for the restoration of degraded Populus euphratica forests. Therefore, to solve the problem of large-scale renewal of Populus euphratica, reproduction is the basis. Weller et al. proposed that after the key ecological factor of oasis - water is met, the succession or recovery of plant communities is also related to their own reproductive characteristics. Populus euphratica has two reproduction methods: sexual seed renewal and asexual reproduction renewal. Seed reproduction renewal fails due to the lack of a safe seed germination habitat caused by water shortage. At present, the renewal of Populus euphratica forests mainly relies on root tiller renewal to maintain. Therefore, the development of root tiller renewal technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests is a breakthrough in solving the problem of protection and restoration of Populus euphratica forests. Research on the reproduction and renewal of Populus euphratica on both sides of the Tarim River currently only involves a general description of the reproduction and renewal trends of local Populus euphratica. There is a lack of systematic research on the spatial distribution characteristics of the roots of Populus euphratica root tillers, and there is even less research on the spatial distribution characteristics of Populus euphratica reproductive roots and the growth characteristics of the mother forest. Therefore, the natural Populus euphratica forests distributed on both sides of the Tarim River in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture were taken as the research objects. The spatial distribution characteristics of roots of root tillers were studied, the spatial distribution of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of different Populus euphratica forests was investigated, the relationship between the growth characteristics of mother tree forests and reproductive roots was analyzed, the difficulty of regeneration of fragmented patches of different Populus euphratica forests was comprehensively evaluated, the key environmental factors for the formation of tiller roots were explored, and a renewal technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests was proposed. This can provide some theoretical basis for the protection and population restoration of Populus euphratica forests in this area, improve the quality and stability of the Tarim River basin ecosystem, and maintain regional ecological security.

[0006] Populus euphratica has both sexual and asexual reproduction modes. Since the 1990s, research on the sexual reproduction of Populus euphratica has also achieved fruitful results, and the research content is also relatively in-depth and systematic. The scope has involved the reproductive phenological characteristics of flowering and fruiting of Populus euphratica, the characteristics of the reproductive components of flowers and fruits, the spread and settlement of seeds, the occurrence and growth adaptation mechanism of seedlings, etc. Among them, it should be pointed out that the reason why Populus euphratica is called a desert riverbank forest tree species that grows with water is greatly related to the harsh environmental conditions required for the germination of its seeds and the growth of seedlings. Zhang Yubo et al. pointed out that the germination of Populus euphratica seeds requires a humid environment. Under the condition of sufficient water, the germination rate of Populus euphratica seeds can reach more than 10%. However, as the water content in the soil decreases, the germination rate of Populus euphratica seeds also decreases. When the water content in the soil drops to a certain level, all seeds die quickly because they cannot absorb enough water from the soil. Hua Peng also pointed out that the entire seedling stage of Populus euphratica seedlings also requires a good water and soil environment. When the water conditions are good, the seedlings grow fast. When the water conditions are poor, the seedlings stop growing. When the root growth rate of Populus euphratica seedlings cannot keep up with the drying rate of the surface soil layer, the Populus euphratica seedlings are prone to death. However, under natural conditions, only the floodplain after the flood can create such a moist environment. In order to adapt to this environmental requirement, Populus euphratica has formed a seed safety germination mechanism that is consistent with the seed maturity and dispersal period and the flood season of the desert river on which it relies. At the same time, in order to be able to take advantage of the current rare moist environment for rapid seedling formation, Populus euphratica seeds also show a strong short-term germination ability. Liu Yaping and others pointed out that when Populus euphratica seeds fall on the moist surface, they can break the shell within 10 days. After breaking the shell, the two cotyledons of the seedlings open and begin to take root downwards at the same time, and then grow true leaves in succession within 10 days to quickly complete the settlement process of the seedlings before the surface dries up. In addition to water, which is the dominant factor, the limiting factors affecting seed germination and seedling growth also include soil salt content. Liu Jianping pointed out that in a high-salt environment, the germination rate and cotyledon flattening rate of Populus euphratica seeds both showed a downward trend. Ma Huancheng pointed out that after being treated with a high-concentration solution, the growth of new leaves and stems of Populus euphratica seedlings was significantly inhibited, and this inhibitory effect was even more obvious than the water stress effect under treatments with the same osmotic potential. During the growth and development of Populus euphratica, the transfer and accumulation of soil salt often occur together. Populus euphratica uses its powerful root system to absorb salt from groundwater and deep soil, and these salts accumulate to the soil surface through dead branches and fallen leaves. The high soil salt content in the soil surface makes it difficult for Populus euphratica seeds to germinate and grow even under conditions of sufficient water. This can be used to explain why Populus euphratica seedlings are rarely seen under the forest after Populus euphratica forests have grown. In addition, light conditions are another limiting factor affecting the growth of Populus euphratica seedlings. Li Li et al. pointed out that under suitable water conditions, sufficient light can significantly promote the elongation of the root system, the increase of leaf area and the accumulation of biomass of Populus euphratica seedlings, while a shade environment will hinder the growth of Populus euphratica seedlings.This is another reason why Populus euphratica seedlings are rarely seen under the Populus euphratica forest. It can be seen that in the floodplain, due to the scouring and dilution of the flood, the salt content of the soil is always at a low level. In addition, the floodplain is mostly a newly opened area after the flood, and the light conditions are very sufficient. All of this makes the floodplain the main place for Populus euphratica seed germination and seedling growth, and is also an important reason why Populus euphratica is limited to the riverside area. However, in the past decade or so, due to the rapid increase in local population and the increase in demand for industrial and agricultural water, people have built reservoirs and farmland upstream of the river. Although this has played a positive role in controlling the ravages of floods and local economic construction, it has also reduced the erosion intensity and frequency of river floods, the riverbed has become relatively stable, the flood season has been shortened, and the speed of new floodplain formation has also been significantly reduced. It is precisely because of the changes in the scale and occurrence period of floods in inland rivers that the seeds of Populus euphratica in the maturity and dispersal period cannot find suitable floodplains for implantation and germination. Even if they find suitable floodplains to germinate into seedlings, they will die in large numbers due to the shortened flood season and insufficient water in the later period. Most scholars also believe that the failure of sexual regeneration of Populus euphratica due to the reduction of river flow through Populus euphratica oasis is one of the important factors causing the rapid decline of Populus euphratica forest population and the rapid reduction of distribution area.

[0007] Populus euphratica initially relied on seed propagation and settled in floodplains on both sides of rivers. After becoming a forest, in addition to continuing to rely on seed reproduction for population renewal, it also relied on asexual reproduction through root suckers to renew the population. However, as mentioned above, due to changes in natural conditions, especially the decline or disappearance of the scale of floodplain formation, the population renewal process of Populus euphratica relying on sexual reproduction is almost restricted, and asexual reproduction through root suckers has become the main way of Populus euphratica renewal. Compared with the research on sexual reproduction of Populus euphratica, there are relatively few studies on asexual reproduction of Populus euphratica, and most of them are simply stated in different lengths when reporting on the biology and reproductive ecology of Populus euphratica, and there are very few special research papers, which can only be found in the monographs on root sucker reproduction of Populus euphratica published by Wu Fengping, Wang Yongbin, Cao Dechang and Zhang Hao.

[0008] The main root of the plant grows vertically downward, and the horizontal roots and lateral roots on the main root can produce adventitious buds. These buds form above-ground branches after reaching the ground and produce vertical roots downward. This asexual reproduction method is called root-sucker type. The part of the root system that has the ability to produce adventitious buds and emerge from the soil to form above-ground branches is called the sucker root, and the adventitious buds produced on it are called sucker buds or root sucker buds. The part where the adventitious buds are produced is called the sucker node or root sucker node. In addition to Populus euphratica, Caragana korshinskii. Plants such as bitter beans also use root suckers to reproduce asexually. Studies have shown that male and female poplars with a tree age of more than 10 years have the ability to reproduce by root suckers. In the late growth period of male poplars that meet this age condition, the part of the root sucker that can produce root suckers slowly expands until the middle and late months of the month, and stops growing, and enters dormancy together with the poplar after the yellow leaves. In the middle of the next year, the part that produces root suckers resumes activity and continues to grow, but the growth is very slow until the flowering of the poplar. After the period, the part where the root sucker buds are produced expands rapidly, and the adventitious buds differentiated after about a month crack the root epidermis, revealing a white fleshy hemispherical bud. After the bud grows to one month, it differentiates into a branch, and each branch grows a small alternate leaf. The young branches formed by the buds are light yellow before they emerge from the soil. After emerging from the soil and receiving light, the young branches turn from yellow to red or purple, and the leaves gradually turn green. The unearthed root sucker seedlings grow relatively quickly, and the growth stops after mid-month, entering the lignification period to cope with the coming severe winter.

[0009] Populus euphratica has a strong ability to reproduce by root suckers. After the Populus euphratica developed from seedlings successfully settles, as long as the environmental conditions are suitable, a large number of Populus euphratica root suckers will grow around it. After these root suckers grow and mature, they can also expand their asexual offspring to new wastelands and forests in the form of root suckers. After a year-long survey of a Populus euphratica forest, Wang Qiaoling and others found that over the years, the number of individual Populus euphratica in this Populus euphratica forest has increased by 10,000, and the forest area has increased. Both have increased by nearly one-fold compared with 2009. Compared with the single-plant scattered distribution characteristics of Populus euphratica seedlings, the clustered distribution of seedlings is the main feature of Populus euphratica root suckers, which can be used as one of the preliminary judgment bases for distinguishing whether Populus euphratica seedlings originate from sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction. Zhang Hao pointed out after observation that because the root sucker nodes of the sprout roots usually produce more than one bud, these locations are usually unevenly distributed with multiple sprouting points in a ring shape, and some of the sprouting points overlap with each other. As long as the conditions are suitable, these sprouting points can produce a large number of sprouts. Li Zhijun et al. pointed out that the sprout roots of young Populus euphratica plants are mostly distributed in. The sprout roots of mature plants are concentrated in the soil layer of one. Compared with the weak vertical distribution ability of its own root system, the lateral distribution ability of Populus euphratica sprout roots is very strong, and the general length can reach one, and the sprout roots of some old trees can even grow to. And each sprout root will produce an unequal number of secondary roots, which mostly expand to the surroundings at an angle of. Finally, it forms a huge root network of sprout roots with the primary roots, which undoubtedly provides a broad expansion space for the occurrence and growth of Populus euphratica root suckers. However, it should be pointed out that the extension range of Populus euphratica rootlets in different directions is different. Wang Heren measured the length of Populus euphratica rootlets in four directions, east, west, south and north, with the mother plant as the axis. He found that the root system extended the most in the south and west, both of which were above 10000, while the least in the north, which was only 100000. He also pointed out that the extension speed of Populus euphratica rootlets in different directions is not only affected by its own biological characteristics, but also restricted by geographical terrain and soil conditions.

[0010] In the life cycle of plants, the occurrence and growth process of seedlings is the most critical stage in the life of plants, and it is also the most vulnerable period in the life of plants, because seedlings are more sensitive to environmental factors than adult individuals, and are more susceptible to many environmental factors such as light, water, temperature and soil conditions and their interactions. After investigating and analyzing the occurrence of poplar root suckers in Ejina area, Uzhigenfu concluded that there are many environmental factors that affect the occurrence of poplar root suckers, but the main ones are water and soil compaction. The low groundwater level causes the root system of poplar root suckers to be unable to grow root suckers due to dry soil, and the soil compaction is too high, even if there are root suckers, it is difficult to penetrate the soil to form seedlings. Liu Jianping, Ma Huancheng and others pointed out that although poplar is a tree species with strong salt tolerance, its salt tolerance has certain limits, especially during the seedling growth period, when its salt tolerance is the weakest. Wu Fengping counted the number of Populus euphratica root suckers in three habitats of Ejina Oasis: riverbank dunes, forest flooded areas, and forest understory. He found that compared with forest flooded areas, the density of root suckers in riverbank dunes and Populus euphratica forest understory was significantly lower, and the root sucker branch death phenomenon in these two habitats was also more serious. He also confirmed that light factors and soil conditions were the main reasons for this difference, which is consistent with the conclusions of He et al. However, not all adverse external factors will only lead to poor growth of Populus euphratica root suckers. Cao Dechang et al. compared the growth of Populus euphratica root suckers in gaps with and without bitter beans and found that the root suckers in gaps with bitter beans grew better than those in gaps without bitter beans. The explanation for this phenomenon is that, compared with intraspecific competition, interspecific competition can eliminate some weak seedlings prematurely, leaving more space and resources for some healthy seedlings, thus making the seedlings grow better. This is the internal reason why the root suckers of Populus euphratica are mostly distributed in clusters, and it is also the root cause of the strong reproductive ability of Populus euphratica root suckers. In addition, the fact that the root suckers of Populus euphratica have many branches is also one of its important morphological characteristics. The base of the main branches of the root suckers of Populus euphratica root suckers can sprout adventitious buds. These adventitious buds can grow into new branches of the seedlings under suitable conditions, with the number varying from one to ten. These branches can even continue to grow after the original main branches of the seedlings die to maintain the survival of the entire plant.

[0011] As the carrier of root suckers of Populus euphratica, the root system of Populus euphratica determines the occurrence quantity and distribution range of root suckers of Populus euphratica with its morphological characteristics, growth law and spatial distribution characteristics. Studies have shown that the root system of Populus euphratica belongs to the monoaxial type, with an underdeveloped taproot in the shape of an inverted truncated cone or inverted cone, but relatively developed lateral roots in the shape of a lateral truncated cone or lateral cone. Therefore, Populus euphratica is a shallow-rooted tree species. The lateral roots of Populus euphratica can be divided into a maximum of 100-200 levels, and a few 200-300 levels. Among these lateral roots, except for a few that grow downward in a claw shape at an angle of less than 100 degrees to the taproot, the other lateral roots are perpendicular to the taproot and extend outward in a horizontal radial shape. As long as the conditions are suitable, some horizontally growing barium roots can become sucker roots for root sucker reproduction. However, the number of horizontally growing lateral roots is not always the majority, and it changes with the changes in the living environment of the tree. Liu Su et al. compared the characteristics of the root system of Populus euphratica in the low-water and high-water areas of the Tarim River Basin and pointed out that in the floodplains where Populus euphratica grows, the water content is often in an oversaturated state, and the soil is cohesive and lacks aeration structure, which promotes the large-scale development of the horizontal root system of Populus euphratica and makes it dominant. However, as the water and soil environment deteriorates, the river diverts or stops flowing, and the groundwater level changes from high to low, forcing the horizontal lateral roots to sprout the next level of vertical lateral roots to absorb moisture from the deep soil. This change undoubtedly reduces the number of horizontal lateral roots as a whole, and the reduction in the number of horizontal lateral roots directly limits the root sucker reproduction capacity of these Populus euphratica. In addition, although Populus euphratica has a developed lateral root system, most of the lateral roots are thin, the proportion of thick roots is small, and the reproductive tiller root system also shows the characteristics of more fine roots than thick roots. After comparing the emergence rates of roots with different diameters, Zhang Hao et al. pointed out that when the habitat conditions are relatively suitable, horizontal roots with a certain diameter can produce root tiller seedlings, and the emergence rate of roots with a diameter within a certain range is the highest, reaching , while the root system with a diameter of almost no root tiller seedlings appeared, and the ability to sprout tillers was basically lost. This is related to the fact that roots with larger diameters have a higher degree of lignification and lower activity of the meristem. At the same time, the shallow-rooted nature of Populus euphratica determines that the distribution of its sucker roots in the soil layer is not very deep. Some data show that the root system of Populus euphratica is distributed in all soil layers, and the distribution depth of the sucker roots is generally within , with very few records exceeding this. In addition, the depth range of the concentrated distribution of the sucker roots varies from region to region. After investigating the root system of Populus euphratica in the middle reaches of the Tarim River, Wang Yongbin and others found that the local Populus euphratica's sucker roots are mostly concentrated in the soil layer of , while Zhang Hao found that after investigating the root system of Populus euphratica in the Ejina area, the local Populus euphratica's sucker roots are mostly concentrated in the soil layer of . In addition, the distribution depth of the sucker roots also varies with the age of the Populus euphratica mother plant.

[0012] The research on Populus euphratica in the Tahe River Basin mainly focuses on the basic investigation of Populus euphratica forest resources and growth conditions, the study of Populus euphratica's physiological function response, and the analysis of water and soil conditions in the Populus euphratica forest. However, the research on the reproduction and renewal of Populus euphratica on both sides of the Tahe River currently only involves a general description of the reproduction and renewal trends of local Populus euphratica. There is a lack of specific investigations on the reproduction conditions of Populus euphratica, and there is even less systematic research on the characteristics of the root tiller reproduction of Populus euphratica. For example, what is the root tiller reproduction status of Populus euphratica on both sides of the Tahe River? What are the characteristics of the distribution of the underground root tiller of Populus euphratica in the soil layer? What are the main factors affecting the occurrence, growth, and distribution of the root tiller of Populus euphratica in this area? Therefore, taking the natural Populus euphratica forest distributed on both sides of the Tarim River in Bazhong area as the research object, the number of Populus euphratica root tillers, growth conditions, root system characteristics of underground sprouts of Populus euphratica, and environmental factors in the forest were investigated and analyzed to grasp the basic characteristics of Populus euphratica root tiller reproduction in this area. Combined with the relationship between Populus euphratica root tiller reproduction in this area and human factors, natural factors, ground cover factors and soil factors, the main reasons affecting the root tiller reproduction of Populus euphratica in this area were preliminarily discussed, which can provide some theoretical basis for the protection and population restoration of Populus euphratica forests in this area.

[0013] Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:

[0014] The research on Populus euphratica reproduction and regeneration currently only involves a general description of the reproduction and regeneration trends of local Populus euphratica. There is a lack of specific investigation on the reproduction status of Populus euphratica, and even more of a lack of systematic research on the root sucker reproduction characteristics of Populus euphratica. Summary of the invention

[0015] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for renewing root suckers in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests.

[0016] The present invention is achieved in that a method for renewing root tillers in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests comprises:

[0017] Step 1, characteristics and spatial distribution of roots of Populus euphratica root tillers;

[0018] Step 2, distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest;

[0019] Step 3, the relationship between the growth characteristics of the mother tree forest and the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots;

[0020] Step 4, characteristics of nutrients produced by root suckers of Populus euphratica;

[0021] Step 5: Study on key environmental factors for root sucker regeneration of Populus euphratica.

[0022] Furthermore, the characteristics of the roots of the Populus euphratica root tillering seedlings are:

[0023] According to the distribution of root diameters of root tiller seedlings, the root diameters were divided into 6 intervals: 1-5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-30mm, and >30mm, and frequency statistical analysis was performed. Roots with diameters of 1-5mm accounted for 13.59%, 5-10mm accounted for 40.29%, 10-15mm accounted for 20.39%, 15-20mm accounted for 10.19%, and roots larger than 20mm accounted for a total of 15.53%.

[0024] Furthermore, the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots in the broken patches of the Populus euphratica forest are as follows:

[0025] With the root tiller as the center, the digging is extended along the "inverted T-shaped" roots to both ends, eventually exposing the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it.

[0026] Further, the key environmental factors for the renewal of Populus euphratica root suckers are studied as follows:

[0027] Perpendicular to the direction of the mother tree forest, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The application area of ​​the demonstration technology has reached 213 mu. The root suckers of the natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 meters from the mother tree forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, for artificial regeneration of the natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0028] Another object of the present invention is to provide a root tiller seedling renewal system for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, comprising:

[0029] The data collection module is used to collect the characteristics and spatial distribution data of the roots of Populus euphratica root suckers;

[0030] Data analysis module, used to analyze the distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests and the relationship between the growth characteristics of mother forests and the distribution characteristics of reproductive roots;

[0031] Nutritional characteristics assessment module, used to assess the nutritional characteristics of Populus euphratica root suckers;

[0032] Environmental factor research module, used to study the key environmental factors of Populus euphratica root sucker regeneration.

[0033] Furthermore, the data acquisition module includes:

[0034] The diameter measurement unit is used to measure the diameter of the root of the root tiller seedlings and conduct frequency statistical analysis according to the intervals of 1-5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-30mm, and >30mm;

[0035] The spatial distribution unit is used to record and analyze the spatial distribution of roots of root suckers.

[0036] Furthermore, the data analysis module includes:

[0037] The root distribution unit is used to dig along the "inverted T-shaped" roots of the root tiller seedlings as the center, and to analyze and record the distribution characteristics of the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it;

[0038] The growth characteristic unit is used to analyze the relationship between the growth characteristics of the mother tree forest and the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots.

[0039] Furthermore, the environmental factor research module includes:

[0040] The root trench digging unit is used to dig a root trench every 6 meters vertically along the direction of the mother tree forest. The trench depth is 70-80cm, the trench bottom width is 50cm, and the upper bottom width is 100cm. The demonstration technology application area has reached 213 mu;

[0041] The distribution density analysis unit is used to analyze the situation in which the root suckers of natural Populus euphratica forests are mainly distributed within 20 meters from the mother tree forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants / hectare, for artificial regeneration of natural Populus euphratica forests.

[0042] In combination with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are as follows:

[0043] First, the root sucker seedling regeneration technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest was proposed.

[0044] In the fragmented patch area of ​​Populus euphratica forest in Yuli County, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters along the direction perpendicular to the mother forest. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The demonstration technology application area has reached 213 mu. The root suckers of natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 m from the mother forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, promoting the artificial regeneration of natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0045] Integrated development of root digging technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests

[0046] With the root tiller as the center, the digging is extended along the "inverted T-shaped" roots to both ends, eventually exposing the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it.

[0047] The concept of "fragmented Populus euphratica forest patches" was proposed for the first time: fragmented Populus euphratica forest patches refer to large tracts of Populus euphratica forests that have been artificially reclaimed into arable land of varying sizes. After being abandoned, the arable land has been embedded in the Populus euphratica forests to form independent and fragmented patches.

[0048] (1) Demonstration zone construction

[0049] In the fragmented patch area of ​​Populus euphratica forest in Yuli County, a demonstration of root sucker seedling renewal technology for 48.5 mu of Populus euphratica forest was completed, and the area of ​​promotion and application has reached 164.5 mu.

[0050] (2) The application of root sucker seedling regeneration technology in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest has achieved remarkable results

[0051] To promote the root sucker regeneration technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters perpendicular to the direction of the mother forest. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The demonstration technology application area has reached 213 mu. The root sucker seedlings of natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 m from the mother forest, and the average density is maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, promoting the artificial regeneration of natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0052] (3) Apply for one technical regulation for root sucker seedling regeneration in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest

[0053] Taking the fragmented patches of natural Populus euphratica forests in the Tahe River Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as the research object, we applied for a technical regulation on root sucker seedling regeneration in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests based on technical indicators such as the selection of mother tree forests, width of forest belts, regeneration time, regeneration methods, management measures and frequency, and effectiveness investigation.

[0054] Second, as auxiliary evidence of the inventiveness of the claims of the present invention, it is also reflected in the following important aspects:

[0055] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of the present invention after transformation are:

[0056] 1. Expected benefits

[0057] A shortened growth cycle

[0058] The root system of Populus euphratica's lateral roots is complete and well developed, providing sufficient nutrients and water for the growth of new root suckers, allowing the new seedlings to grow rapidly and shortening the growth cycle. Populus euphratica has strong adaptability and can grow in a variety of environmental conditions such as drought and salinity. Using root sucker seedling renewal technology for afforestation, new seedlings can quickly adapt to the surrounding environment, reducing the phenomenon of slow growth or death caused by environmental inadaptability.

[0059] Since Populus euphratica has strong adaptability and can grow in a variety of environmental conditions, the suckering renewal technology makes full use of this feature, allowing the new seedlings to adapt to the environment and grow rapidly in a short period of time. This technology can shorten the growth cycle of trees by 2 to 3 years, thereby achieving the purpose of Populus euphratica renewal ahead of schedule.

[0060] B. Cost reduction

[0061] The root sucker seedling regeneration technology is mainly based on the strong germination ability of Populus euphratica roots. When trenching the fragmented patch area around the mother trees of the Populus euphratica forest, it is a process of using the adventitious buds on the root system of Populus euphratica to sprout new plants, thereby completing the reforestation. This method not only saves the tedious steps of planing tree stumps, leveling the land, digging pits for planting, etc., but also reduces the cost of afforestation.

[0062] C Ecological Benefits

[0063] The Populus euphratica root sucker seedling renewal technology can form a forest stand with a certain degree of canopy density in a relatively short period of time. Its good growth will help improve soil quality, prevent wind and sand, and maintain water and soil, thereby preventing wind and sand invasion and improving the regional ecological environment.

[0064] 3. Commercial Value

[0065] As an important carbon sink resource, Populus euphratica forest absorbs a huge amount of carbon dioxide during its growth. Therefore, using root sucker seedling renewal technology to promote the growth of Populus euphratica forest will help increase carbon sinks, and then participate in the carbon sink trading market to obtain additional economic benefits.

[0066] (2) The technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gap in the industry at home and abroad:

[0067] A. In-depth study of biological characteristics: The successful application of root sucker seedling renewal technology in Populus euphratica forests is inseparable from the in-depth study and understanding of the biological characteristics of Populus euphratica. Through a large number of experiments and practices, researchers have mastered the growth law and renewal mechanism of Populus euphratica root sucker seedlings, providing a scientific basis for the innovation and application of technology.

[0068] B. Innovation of technical methods: In the process of reforestation, researchers have adopted new methods to improve the survival rate and growth rate of root suckers. These innovations in technical methods not only solve some problems in traditional afforestation methods, but also promote the progress and development of forestry technology.

[0069] (3) Whether the technical solution of the present invention solves the technical problems that people have been eager to solve but have not been able to solve successfully:

[0070] Through 5-10 years of extensive experiments and practice, researchers have explored key technologies and management measures suitable for root and sucker renewal of Populus euphratica forests in arid and semi-arid areas by utilizing the natural regeneration capacity of Populus euphratica, effectively solving the problem of vegetation restoration and reconstruction in arid and semi-arid areas. The successful application of this technology has not only increased the vegetation coverage and biodiversity of forest land, but also improved the ecological environment quality of the region, providing strong support for local economic and social development.

[0071] (4) Whether the technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudice:

[0072] The successful application and promotion of this technology will change people's traditional understanding of Populus euphratica forest restoration technology and promote the updating and upgrading of technical cognition. Through practical verification and effect demonstration, this technology will inspire scientific researchers to further explore and innovate Populus euphratica forest restoration technology and promote the research and development and application of new technologies. With the continuous promotion and popularization of the technology, more and more regions will adopt this technology to restore and rebuild Populus euphratica forests, thereby improving the breadth and effectiveness of the application of the technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] Figure 1 The present invention provides a flowchart of a root sucker seedling renewal method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 2 It is a density map of root tiller seedlings in various plots provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 3 It is a diagram of the seedling age and average height of root tiller seedlings in different fragmented patch sample plots provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 4 It is a histogram of root diameters of root tillers provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 5 This is a distribution diagram of diameters of Populus euphratica root tillers provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 6 It is a spatial distribution aggregation index diagram of various seedlings and saplings provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 7 It is a correlation diagram between the average height and average breast diameter of the mother tree forest and the number of Populus euphratica root suckers in the fragmented patches provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 8 It is a detailed flow chart of the root sucker seedling renewal method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0082] like Figure 1 , 8 As shown, a method for renewing root suckers in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0083] S101, characteristics and spatial distribution of roots of Populus euphratica root suckers;

[0084] S102, distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest;

[0085] S103, Relationship between growth characteristics of mother tree forest and distribution characteristics of reproductive roots;

[0086] S104, characteristics of nutrients in root suckers of Populus euphratica;

[0087] S105, Research on key environmental factors for root sucker regeneration of Populus euphratica.

[0088] The root tiller renewal method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests of the present invention aims to study the occurrence, reproduction and renewal mechanism of Populus euphratica root tillers through a series of steps, so as to ensure the sustainability of the Populus euphratica forest ecosystem.

[0089] 1. Characteristics and spatial distribution of root growth in Populus euphratica root suckers

[0090] In the first step, the root characteristics of Populus euphratica root tillers and their spatial distribution were studied, and the occurrence mechanism of root tillers was analyzed, including the morphology, length and distribution depth of the root system. The focus of this step is to understand the way the root system of Populus euphratica expands, laying the foundation for subsequent research on root tiller renewal.

[0091] 2. Distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests

[0092] The second step focused on analyzing the distribution of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests, studying how the reproductive roots of Populus euphratica forests expand and distribute in fragmented patches under different environmental and spatial conditions. This step helps reveal the renewal capacity of Populus euphratica forests in fragmented patches.

[0093] 3. Relationship between the growth characteristics of mother tree forests and the distribution characteristics of reproductive roots

[0094] The third step is to study the relationship between the growth characteristics of the mother tree forest and the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots. By analyzing the health status, growth rate and root distribution of the mother tree forest, we can further understand how these factors affect the occurrence and growth of root tillers. This step provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the root tiller regeneration method of Populus euphratica forest.

[0095] 4. Characteristics of nutrients in root suckers of Populus euphratica

[0096] The fourth step is to analyze the nutritional requirements and absorption characteristics of Populus euphratica root tillers during their growth process, and study the absorption capacity of Populus euphratica roots for water, minerals and nutrients, as well as the distribution of nutrients in the roots. This step helps to determine the key nutritional factors required for the successful growth of root tillers.

[0097] 5. Research on key environmental factors for root sucker regeneration of Populus euphratica

[0098] The last step is to determine which factors are key to promoting or inhibiting root tiller renewal by studying the environmental factors that affect root tiller renewal of Populus euphratica, such as water, temperature, soil conditions, etc. This step provides key guidance for the restoration and protection of Populus euphratica forests. By regulating environmental conditions, the success rate of root tiller renewal can be maximized, ensuring the long-term and healthy development of Populus euphratica forests.

[0099] The overall working principle is to systematically analyze the occurrence mechanism, nutritional requirements and environmental dependence of Populus euphratica root suckers, formulate an effective Populus euphratica forest root sucker renewal plan, and ensure the continuous renewal and growth of Populus euphratica forests in fragmented patches.

[0100] The characteristics of the root formation of the Populus euphratica root tiller seedlings provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0101] According to the distribution of root diameters of root tiller seedlings, the root diameters were divided into 6 intervals: 1-5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-30mm, and >30mm, and frequency statistical analysis was performed. Roots with diameters of 1-5mm accounted for 13.59%, 5-10mm accounted for 40.29%, 10-15mm accounted for 20.39%, 15-20mm accounted for 10.19%, and roots larger than 20mm accounted for a total of 15.53%.

[0102] The distribution characteristics of propagation roots in the broken patches of Populus euphratica forest provided by the embodiment of the present invention are as follows:

[0103] With the root tiller as the center, the digging is extended along the "inverted T-shaped" roots to both ends, eventually exposing the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it.

[0104] Research on key environmental factors for root tiller renewal of Populus euphratica provided by the embodiments of the present invention:

[0105] Perpendicular to the direction of the mother tree forest, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The application area of ​​the demonstration technology has reached 213 mu. The root suckers of the natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 meters from the mother tree forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, for artificial regeneration of the natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0106] The present invention is specifically implemented:

[0107] 1.4 Basic information of main completion units

[0108] The Xinjiang Academy of Forestry Research Institute of Afforestation and Sand Control currently has four professional research laboratories, including the Afforestation Technology Research Laboratory, the Sandy Area Industry Research Laboratory, the Desert Forest Research Laboratory, and the Ecological Engineering Research Laboratory. There are 25 employees, including 4 researchers, 10 associate researchers and senior engineers; among the technical personnel, 4 have doctors and 7 have postgraduate degrees. The main responsibilities are to undertake the research on the breeding of fine varieties, introduction and domestication of ecological tree species in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and their cultivation and management technology; to carry out research and integration of afforestation technology for various forestry projects such as sand control and sand control, desertification control, timber forests, farmland shelterbelts, and water-saving forestry in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; and to conduct research on sandy area industry technology for the development and utilization of desert species resources. Since its establishment, several generations of scientific and technological personnel have successively undertaken more than 100 national and autonomous region research and promotion projects in the areas of sand control and sand control, and shelterbelt system construction in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with rich scientific research results and more than 50 various achievements. We have accumulated a wealth of experience in the transformation and promotion of research results, especially in the areas of Populus euphratica restoration and renewal technology, desert restoration technology and monitoring, and desert ecological restoration. We have a profound theoretical foundation and practical experience and have achieved many scientific research results. Therefore, we have a technical advantage in the research of Populus euphratica resources.

[0109] 1.5 Research objectives and content

[0110] 1.5.1 Research Objectives

[0111] The present invention relies on the National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Populus euphratica Ecosystem in the Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, takes the natural Populus euphratica forests distributed on both sides of the Tarim River in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture as the research object, studies the spatial distribution characteristics of roots of root suckers, investigates the spatial distribution of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of different Populus euphratica forests, analyzes the relationship between the growth characteristics of mother tree forests and reproductive roots, grasps the key environmental factors for the formation of sucker roots, comprehensively evaluates the difficulty of regeneration of fragmented patches of different Populus euphratica forests, and proposes renewal technologies for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests of different scales, which can provide a partial theoretical basis for the protection and population restoration of the Populus euphratica forests in this area.

[0112] 1.5.2 Research content

[0113] This invention relies on the National Positioning Observation and Research Station of Populus euphratica Ecosystem in the Tarim River Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, and takes the root tillers sprouting from the root system of Populus euphratica on both sides of the Tarim River in Luntai County in the middle reaches of the Tarim River as the research object, and continues to study the spatial distribution of roots of root tillers in Populus euphratica forest patches, further analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in different fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests, explore the relationship between the growth characteristics of mother forests and reproductive roots, clarify the key environmental factors for the formation of tiller roots, and comprehensively evaluate the difficulty of renewal of different fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests. The main contents of the 2022 project are:

[0114] (1) Characteristics and spatial distribution of root growth of Populus euphratica root suckers;

[0115] (2) Distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests;

[0116] (3) The relationship between the growth characteristics of the mother tree forest and the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots;

[0117] (4) Characteristics of nutrients in root suckers of Populus euphratica;

[0118] (5) Research on key environmental factors for root sucker regeneration of Populus euphratica.

[0119] 2. Main content, process and results of the study

[0120] 2.1 Quantity characteristics of Populus euphratica root suckers in fragmented patches

[0121] 2.1.1 Number of Populus euphratica root suckers in the sample plot

[0122] From Table 5, Figure 2 It can be seen that the renewal of root tillers in different fragmented patches is different. The number of root tillers in plot 1 can reach 1,000, which is equivalent to a density of 1 root tiller per square meter, the largest among the six selected plots; followed by plots 2, 4 and 5, with similar densities of about 0.2-0.4 plants / m2; plot 3 has 1 Populus euphratica in the fragmented patches, and the number of renewed root tillers is much less; and plot 6 has only 1 root tiller.

[0123] Table 1 Number of root tillers in the sample plot

[0124]

[0125] Table 2 Basic information of forest stands in each transect

[0126]

[0127] 2.1.2 Age and height of root tillers in each plot

[0128] from Figure 3 It can be seen that the ages of Populus euphratica root tillers in different fragmented patch plots are somewhat different. There is only one plant in plot 6, which is one year old, with an average height of 16.2 cm; the seedlings in plot 5 are 1-5 years old, of which 3-year-old root tillers account for 53.6%; the proportion of 3-year-old root tillers in plot 1 is as high as 64.06%; the root tillers in plots 2, 3, and 4 are mainly 2-year-old root tillers, with a proportion of more than 63.5%. At the same time, the average height of the root tillers in plots 1 to 4 is 25-30 cm, with little difference, but the average height of the Populus euphratica root tillers in plot 5 can reach about 50 cm.

[0129] 2.2 Statistical analysis of root diameter of Populus euphratica root tillers

[0130] Histogram of root diameter of root tiller seedlings ( Figure 4 , 5 ), the minimum root diameter is 1.28mm, the maximum is 53.99mm, and the average is 12.65mm. The diameter of the root is mainly distributed between 5-20mm.

[0131] According to the distribution of root diameters of root tillers, the root diameters were divided into 6 intervals: 1-5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-30mm, and >30mm. The frequency of the root diameters was analyzed. 1-5mm roots accounted for 13.59%, 5-10mm for 40.29%, 10-15mm for 20.39%, 15-20mm for 10.19%, and 15.53% were greater than 20mm. In short, the root diameter of root tillers was between 5-20mm.

[0132] 2.3 Vertical spatial distribution characteristics of root suckers in different fragmentation patch types

[0133] from Figure 6 It can be seen that there are certain differences in the vertical spatial distribution of root tillers in different fragmentation patch types in the five fragmentation patch size plots of Populus euphratica forests. The concentrated distribution of Populus euphratica root tillers in the four fragmentation patches of Plot 1, Plot 2, Plot 4, and Plot 5 is within the range of 20-30 meters, while the concentrated distribution of root tillers in the fragmentation patch with only one Populus euphratica tree is within the range of 20-25 meters.

[0134] 2.4 Horizontal spatial distribution characteristics of root suckers in different fragmentation patch types

[0135] Based on the data from the field survey, the aggregation index of each sample strip was calculated using the SPSS25.0 data processing system, and the spatial distribution aggregation index of seedlings and saplings in the sample strips with different distances from the forest edge of the natural Populus euphratica forest was obtained (Table 5).

[0136] Table 5 Vertical spatial distribution of root sucker seedlings in different fragmentation patch types

[0137]

[0138] 2.4.1 Comparative analysis of the aggregation degree of the five sample strips in the sample plot

[0139] As can be seen from Table 6, the mother tree forests of each sample strip are basically the same. In this case, using I, m* / m, CA, C, K values ​​to compare the five aggregation values, sample strips A, B, C, I>1, m* / m>1, CA>0, C>1, K>0, the five indicators have the same results, indicating that the seedlings and saplings are clustered in the three sample strips A, B, and C. For the two sample strips D and E, I≈0, m* / m<1, CA≈0, C≈1, K≈0, the five determination results are also the same, which also shows that the seedlings and saplings are randomly distributed in the space of the D sample strip. It can be seen from the analysis results of the five aggregation indicators in Table 3. Starting from the edge of the natural Populus euphratica forest, the farther away from the edge of the forest, the smaller the I, m* / m, CA, and C values ​​are. Except for the D and E sample strips which are close to 0, the K values ​​of the A, B, and C sample plots show an increasing trend. This shows that the closer to the edge of the natural Populus euphratica forest, the smaller the aggregation, and eventually tends to be randomly distributed. This is mainly due to the change in the number of horizontal roots in the natural Populus euphratica forest, which leads to changes in the renewal of reproductive roots of the Populus euphratica forest outside the forest edge, so the aggregation of root suckers farther away from the forest edge becomes smaller.

[0140] 2.4.2 Effect of distance from the mother tree forest on the number of renewals

[0141] From the number of seedlings and saplings regenerated in each transect in Table 7, it can be seen that the number of seedlings and saplings in transect A, which is 0m away from the forest edge, is the largest. The number of seedlings and saplings regenerated in the two transects, which are 5m and 10m away from the forest edge of the natural Populus euphratica forest, varies little. The number of seedlings and saplings regenerated naturally at 20m-30m away from the forest edge of the natural Populus euphratica forest varies greatly. The number of natural regeneration is 17.85%, 18.51%, and 41.67% of that in transects A, B, and C, respectively. It can be seen that the range of about 20m in the fragmented patch is the distance for the regeneration of the natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0142] 2.5 Distribution characteristics of roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest

[0143] 2.5.1 Distribution characteristics of root biomass in different soil layers

[0144] Table 6 Root biomass at different soil levels in different fragmented patches

[0145]

[0146] As shown in Table 6, the total root biomass of the stands in plots 1 and 5 were not much different, 1672.66g and 1537.49g respectively, significantly higher than the root biomass of plot 6 (control) (498.31g); the total root biomass in plot 3 was half of that in plots 1 and 5, and 1.5 times that of plot 6 (control) (498.31g); the total root biomass of plots 2 and 4 was not much related, 456.05g and 448.85g respectively, slightly lower than the root biomass of plot 6 (control) (498.31g). At the same time, the root biomass of each layer in each plot showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the deepening of soil depth. On the whole, the root biomass of the 20-60cm layer was heavier than the root biomass of other layers.

[0147] 2.5.2 Horizontal distribution characteristics of root biomass

[0148] From Table 7, we can see that the root biomass of control plot 6 gradually decreases with the increase of distance, until 25m, the root biomass is very small, only 0.62g. The root biomass proportion at 5m in plot 3 is as high as 43%, and when the distance is 10m, the root biomass drops sharply (67.94%), and then with the increase of distance, the root biomass changes greatly. The trend in other plots is not obvious.

[0149] Table 7 Root biomass at different soil levels in different fragmented patches

[0150]

[0151] 2.5.3 Biomass distribution characteristics of roots of different diameters

[0152] As shown in Table 8, the root biomass <1 mm in plot 1 showed a downward trend with the increase of soil layer, and the 0-20 cm root biomass accounted for 33.67% of the total root biomass; while in other plots, the performance first increased and then decreased with the increase of soil layer, among which the root biomass of plots 2, plots 5 and the control reached the maximum at the 20-40 cm soil layer, and the root biomass of plots 3 and 4 was the largest at 40-60 cm, such as the 40-60 cm root biomass in plot 4 accounted for 72.46%. The 1-2 mm roots in plots 1 to 5 were the largest at the 20-40 cm soil layer.

[0153] Table 8 Root biomass of different diameters in different fragmented patches

[0154]

[0155]

[0156] Only in plot 6 (control) was the root biomass proportion the largest in the 40-60cm soil layer. The variation pattern of 2-4mm and 4-6mm root biomass in the soil layer was not strong in each plot. The proportion of 6-8mm root biomass in the 40-60cm soil layer was the largest in plots 2 to 6 (control), and only in plot 1 were the 6-8mm roots mainly distributed in 0-20cm. In plots 1 to 5, the 8-10mm roots were mainly distributed in 0-40cm, while in plot 6 (control), all were distributed in 40-60cm, and the roots >10mm were mainly distributed in 20-60cm.

[0157] 2.6 Correlation between the height and DBH of mother trees and the characteristics of Populus euphratica root suckers in fragmented patches

[0158] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen that the correlation between the average height and average breast diameter of the mother tree forest and the number of Populus euphratica root tillers in the fragmented patches is a quadratic curve. The correlation equation between the average height and the number of Populus euphratica root tillers in the fragmented patches is Y = 2.5879X2 + 128.19X-776.83 (R = 0.6093). According to this equation, it can be calculated that when the average breast diameter is about 25cm, the number of Populus euphratica root tillers in the fragmented patches is the largest. At the same time, the correlation R value (0.9157) between the average breast diameter of the mother tree forest and the number of Populus euphratica root tillers in the fragmented patches is significantly higher than the correlation between the average height and the number of Populus euphratica root tillers in the fragmented patches (R = 0.6093). However, the quadratic curve between the average breast diameter and the number of Populus euphratica root tillers in the fragmented patches is an inverted parabola, which is caused by the small number of samples.

[0159] 2.3 Preliminary research results

[0160] (1) The diameter of the roots is mainly distributed between 5-20 mm.

[0161] (2) The concentrated distribution of Populus euphratica root tillers is within the range of 20-30 meters, while the concentrated distribution of root tillers in the fragmented patches with only one Populus euphratica tree is within the range of 20-25 meters. It can be seen that the range of about 20 meters in the fragmented patches is the regeneration distance of natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0162] (3) In the fragmented patch plots, roots of 6-8 mm in diameter were concentrated at 40-60 cm, and roots >10 mm in diameter were mainly distributed at 20-60 cm;

[0163] (4) The correlation equation between the average height of natural Populus euphratica forest and the number of Populus euphratica root suckers in fragmented patches is Y=2.5879X2+128.19X-776.83 (R=0.6093).

[0164] 3. Key technologies and innovations

[0165] 3.1 Key technologies

[0166] (1) Proposed a root sucker seedling regeneration technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests

[0167] In the fragmented patch area of ​​Populus euphratica forest in Yuli County, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters along the direction perpendicular to the mother forest. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The demonstration technology application area has reached 213 mu. The root suckers of natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 m from the mother forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, promoting the artificial regeneration of natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0168] (2) Integrated development of root digging technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests

[0169] With the root tiller as the center, the digging is extended along the "inverted T-shaped" roots to both ends, eventually exposing the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it.

[0170] 3.2 Innovation

[0171] The concept of "fragmented Populus euphratica forest patches" was proposed for the first time: fragmented Populus euphratica forest patches refer to large tracts of Populus euphratica forests that have been artificially reclaimed into arable land of varying sizes. After being abandoned, the arable land has been embedded in the Populus euphratica forests to form independent and fragmented patches.

[0172] IV. Achievements and Prospects

[0173] 4.1 Achievements

[0174] (1) Demonstration zone construction

[0175] In the fragmented patch area of ​​Populus euphratica forest in Yuli County, a demonstration of root sucker seedling renewal technology for 48.5 mu of Populus euphratica forest was completed, and the area of ​​promotion and application has reached 164.5 mu.

[0176] (2) The application of root sucker seedling regeneration technology in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest has achieved remarkable results

[0177] To promote the root sucker regeneration technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters perpendicular to the direction of the mother forest. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The demonstration technology application area has reached 213 mu. The root sucker seedlings of natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 m from the mother forest, and the average density is maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, promoting the artificial regeneration of natural Populus euphratica forest.

[0178] (3) Apply for one technical regulation for root sucker seedling regeneration in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest

[0179] The fragmented patches of natural Populus euphratica forests in the Tahe River Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region were selected as the research objects. Based on the technical indicators such as the selection of mother tree forests, forest belt width, renewal time, renewal methods, management measures and frequency, and effectiveness investigation, a technical regulation for root sucker seedling regeneration in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests was applied.

[0180] 4.2 Application Prospects

[0181] (1) Provide new models and demonstrations for artificial restoration and protection of desert vegetation

[0182] More than 300,000 mu of cultivated land in the Populus euphratica Nature Reserve has been converted to forest. The plots of land converted to forest are mainly distributed in the Populus euphratica forest area, which is a national key public welfare forest, forming fragmented patches of varying areas and shapes. These patches are scattered and inlaid in the Populus euphratica forest, weakening the overall ecological service function of the ecological barrier of the natural Populus euphratica forest belt in Tahe. Therefore, after the demonstration and promotion of the renewal technology of root suckers in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, the emergence of Populus euphratica root suckers can create a complete Populus euphratica forest ecological barrier, providing a new model and demonstration for the artificial restoration and protection of desert vegetation in the future.

[0183] (2) Provide data support for the natural regeneration of Populus euphratica forests on both sides of the Tarim River and provide some theoretical basis for the protection and population restoration of Populus euphratica forests

[0184] The present invention studies the spatial distribution characteristics of roots of root suckers in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests on both sides of the Tahe River, investigates the spatial distribution of reproductive roots in different fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests, analyzes the relationship between the growth characteristics of mother tree forests and reproductive roots, and proposes a regeneration technology for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests, which can provide a partial theoretical basis for the protection and population restoration of the Populus euphratica forests in the area.

[0185] 4.3 Scope of application

[0186] Suitable for arid and semi-arid areas.

[0187] Technical regulations for root tillering regeneration in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest

[0188] 1 Scope

[0189] This standard specifies the technical specifications for root sucker seedling regeneration in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests.

[0190] This standard is only applicable to Populus euphratica forest areas with similar or approaching habitat conditions in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the arid areas of western my country.

[0191] 2 Normative references

[0192] The contents of the following documents constitute the essential clauses of this document through normative references in this text. Among them, for referenced documents with dates, only the versions corresponding to the dates are applicable to this document; for referenced documents without dates, the latest versions (including all amendments) are applicable to this document.

[0193] GB / T 15163 Technical specification for afforestation in closed-mountain (sand) areas

[0194] GB / T 15776 Technical regulations for afforestation

[0195] LY / T 1607 Afforestation design specification

[0196] LY / T 1751-2008 Technical specification for regeneration and rejuvenation of desert poplar forests

[0197] 3 Terms and definitions

[0198] The following terms and definitions apply to this document.

[0199] 3.1 Desert Populus euphratica forest

[0200] Natural desert poplar forests distributed in arid desert areas

[0201] 3.2 Fragmented plaques

[0202] Fragmented patches refer to large tracts of Populus euphratica forests that have been artificially reclaimed into farmland of varying sizes. After being abandoned, the farmland is embedded in the Populus euphratica forests to form independent and fragmented patches.

[0203] 3.3 Update technology

[0204] A forestry management method that combines artificial regeneration measures with natural regeneration to restore vitality to the stands of Populus euphratica, the dominant target tree species growing in fragmented patches.

[0205] 4 Technical measures for fragmented plaque renewal

[0206] 3.1 Plot conditions

[0207] (1) It has the biological basis for root and sucker regeneration; (2) There are natural Populus euphratica forests on both sides.

[0208] 3.3.2 Technical measures

[0209] Perpendicular to the direction of the mother tree forest, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters. The trench is 70 to 80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top.

[0210] 3.2 Land preparation time

[0211] Early June 2021.

[0212] 3.3 Irrigation methods

[0213] The main irrigation method is flood water from the flood diversion channel, which is irrigated twice, in mid-June and early August after the ditch is dug, with an irrigation depth of about 50 cm.

[0214] 5. Investigation and design before implementation of fragmented patch renewal technology

[0215] 5.1 Survey Content

[0216] 5.1.1 Mother Forest

[0217] The survey content includes soil, age class, canopy density, breast diameter, and human activities.

[0218] 5.1.2 Fragmented plaques

[0219] The survey content includes soil, vegetation growth conditions, groundwater level depth, seedling growth, and human activities.

[0220] 5.2 Assignment Design

[0221] According to LY / T 1607

[0222] 6. Achievements

[0223] 6.1 Update technology effect survey

[0224] A survey on the renewal effects will be conducted three years after the implementation of the project, with the sampling ratios of 3%, 2% and 1% for renewal areas of 200 mu, 500 mu, 1,000 mu and above 1,000 mu respectively.

[0225] 6.2 Acceptance criteria

[0226] The retention density is above 1,800 plants / hectare.

[0227] 6.3 Preservation rate and pass rate

[0228] The qualified update preservation rate and qualification rate both reached over 85%.

[0229] The specific application fields or related products of the present invention.

[0230] 1. Ecological restoration

[0231] In areas where the ecological environment has been damaged by natural disasters (such as floods and mudslides) and human activities (such as mining and road construction), the fragmented patch root sucker seedling renewal technology can be used to quickly restore vegetation cover, prevent soil erosion, and improve the ecological environment.

[0232] 2. Desert vegetation restoration

[0233] In ecologically fragile areas such as degraded grasslands, saline-alkali land, and desertified areas, this technology can utilize the root and tillering ability of the local dominant poplar trees to promote the natural recovery of vegetation and improve the stability and resistance of the ecosystem.

[0234] 3. Forestry management

[0235] In forest management, this technology can be used to transform low-yield and low-efficiency forests, renew shelterbelts, and cultivate precious tree species. By controlling root sprouting, sustainable utilization of forest resources and continuous optimization of the ecosystem can be achieved.

[0236] The following are two industrial application examples based on the root sucker seedling renewal method of fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest:

[0237] 1. Restoration of Populus euphratica forests in desertification control

[0238] In desertification prevention and control projects, Populus euphratica forests, as important windbreak and sand-fixing plant communities, play a key role in ecological environmental restoration. By implementing the root tiller regeneration method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests, the natural regeneration process of Populus euphratica forests can be optimized. In specific operations, the distribution of root tillers in Populus euphratica forests in desertified areas is first evaluated to ensure that suitable root tillers are selected for reproduction. At the same time, the growth and expansion of root tillers are promoted by regulating water, soil nutrients and temperature. This method can significantly improve the success rate of renewal of Populus euphratica forests in desert areas, reduce the cost of artificial tree planting, and effectively restore the local ecosystem.

[0239] 2. Populus euphratica forest ecotourism and scenic area protection

[0240] In the Populus euphratica forest eco-tourism scenic area, tourism activities have caused a certain degree of damage to the Populus euphratica forest, resulting in patchy Populus euphratica forests and affecting tree growth. By adopting this renewal method, managers can regularly monitor the Populus euphratica forest area and use the root tillering natural renewal technology to repair the damaged area. For example, by detecting the root distribution of the Populus euphratica forest, timely regulating environmental factors such as water and soil nutrients, and promoting the formation and growth of new root tillers, the health of the Populus euphratica forest in the scenic area can be maintained, the sustainable development and ecological balance of the scenic area can be guaranteed, and the tourism experience can be enhanced.

[0241] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention and within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for renewing root tillers in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, determining the characteristics and spatial distribution of roots of Populus euphratica root tillers, specifically measuring the morphology, length and distribution depth of the root system; Step 2, detecting the distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in the fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, and identifying the expansion and distribution of reproductive roots under different environments; Step 3, analyzing the relationship between the growth characteristics of the mother tree forest and the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots, and optimizing the occurrence conditions of root suckers based on the health status of the mother tree forest; Step 4: Evaluate the nutrients required for the root suckering of Populus euphratica to ensure the effective absorption and reasonable distribution of water, minerals and nutrients by the root system; Step 5, monitor the key environmental factors for the renewal of Populus euphratica root tillers, regulate water, temperature, and soil conditions, and improve the success rate of Populus euphratica root tiller seedling renewal.

2. The method for renewing root tillers of fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristics of the root formation of the Populus euphratica root tillering seedlings are: According to the distribution of root diameters of root tiller seedlings, the root diameters were divided into 6 intervals: 1-5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-30mm, and >30mm, and frequency statistical analysis was performed. Roots with diameters of 1-5mm accounted for 13.59%, 5-10mm accounted for 40.29%, 10-15mm accounted for 20.39%, 15-20mm accounted for 10.19%, and roots larger than 20mm accounted for a total of 15.53%.

3. The root tillering seedling renewal method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots in the broken patches of the Populus euphratica forest are as follows: This technique uses the root tiller as the center and extends the digging along its "inverted T-shaped" roots to both ends, eventually exposing the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it.

4. The root tillering seedling regeneration method for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The research on key environmental factors of Populus euphratica root sucker regeneration: Perpendicular to the direction of the mother tree forest, a root-breaking trench is dug every 6 meters. The trench is 70-80 cm deep, 50 cm wide at the bottom and 100 cm wide at the top. The application area of ​​the demonstration technology has reached 213 mu. The root suckers of the natural Populus euphratica forest are mainly distributed within 20 meters from the mother tree forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants per hectare, for artificial regeneration of the natural Populus euphratica forest.

5. A root tiller seedling renewal system for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest, characterized in that: include: The data collection module is used to collect the characteristics and spatial distribution data of the roots of Populus euphratica root suckers; Data analysis module, used to analyze the distribution characteristics of reproductive roots in fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forests and the relationship between the growth characteristics of mother forests and the distribution characteristics of reproductive roots; Nutritional characteristics assessment module, used to assess the nutritional characteristics of Populus euphratica root suckers; Environmental factor research module, used to study the key environmental factors of Populus euphratica root sucker regeneration.

6. The root tiller seedling renewal system for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The data acquisition module comprises: The diameter measurement unit is used to measure the diameter of the root of the root tiller seedlings and conduct frequency statistical analysis according to the intervals of 1-5mm, 5-10mm, 10-15mm, 15-20mm, 20-30mm, and >30mm; The spatial distribution unit is used to record and analyze the spatial distribution of roots of root suckers.

7. The root tillering seedling renewal system for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The data analysis module includes: The root distribution unit is used to dig along the "inverted T-shaped" roots of the root tiller seedlings as the center, and to analyze and record the distribution characteristics of the entire network of roots and the root tillers connected to it; The growth characteristic unit is used to analyze the relationship between the growth characteristics of the mother tree forest and the distribution characteristics of the reproductive roots.

8. The root tiller seedling renewal system for fragmented patches of Populus euphratica forest as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The environmental factor research module includes: The root trench digging unit is used to dig a root trench every 6 meters vertically along the direction of the mother tree forest. The trench depth is 70-80cm, the trench bottom width is 50cm, and the upper bottom width is 100cm. The demonstration technology application area has reached 213 mu; The distribution density analysis unit is used to analyze the situation in which the root suckers of natural Populus euphratica forests are mainly distributed within 20 meters from the mother tree forest, with an average density maintained at 2,000 plants / hectare, for artificial regeneration of natural Populus euphratica forests.

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