Parking structure and control method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gearboxes, in particular to a parking structure and a control method. A transmission structure is arranged on the mounting shaft (1); the transmission structure is connected with a parking gear (2); a driving structure is arranged on the parking gear (2); a pawl (3) is arranged on one side of the mounting shaft (1); the pawl (3) is connected with the parking gear (2); the moving part is changed into the parking gear from the pawl, so that the situation that the pawl is clamped with the parking gear or the pawl breaks teeth unexpectedly when a vehicle is in a non-P gear can be effectively avoided; and meanwhile, the parking gear is connected with the gear shifting assembly through the driving structure, when a P gear is started, the relative positions of the parking gear and the gear shifting assembly are not changed all the time, it can be ensured that when the whole vehicle is at the non-P gear, the parking gear and the pawl are certainly in a disengaged state, and the situation that the gears are not matched does not occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gearboxes, and in particular to a parking structure and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Generally, automatic transmissions and some new energy reduction gearboxes contain parking mechanisms. At present, the process of leaving the P gear of the vehicle parking system is generally to drive the push rod and the pawl to separate. Under the action of the return spring (the spring force is generally very small), the pawl is allowed to exit the P gear and enter and exit the P gear. Then, under the torque of the return spring, the pawl is kept away from the parking gear until the P gear is entered. There are the following two problems during leaving the P gear and normal driving:

[0003] 1. Under normal circumstances, when the gear is not in P, if the return spring fails (torque attenuation), the pawl may move toward the parking gear under vehicle acceleration or vibration acceleration, resulting in unexpected entry into P gear or the pawl and parking gear hitting each other;

[0004] 2. The position of P and non-P gears is generally determined by the sensor confirming the rotational position of the rocker arm or the axial position of the push rod to determine the P gear position rather than the position of the pawl. If the return spring fails when the P gear is out of gear, or the pawl does not withdraw from the parking gear slot due to other reasons (such as jamming), and the sensor still transmits a non-P signal to the vehicle (the rocker arm and push rod have reached the non-P position), the sensor position signal will not match the actual position of the pawl, causing a fault.

[0005] After searching, the applicant found that the Chinese patent document with publication number 107859739A disclosed a P-gear parking mechanism and a vehicle on March 30, 2018, wherein the P-gear parking mechanism comprises: a housing; a parking gear; a pawl, wherein the pawl is pivotally mounted in the housing and is spaced apart from the parking gear in a non-parking state; a block, wherein the block is fixedly connected to the housing and is located on the side of the pawl away from the parking gear; an actuator and a pull rod assembly, wherein the pull rod assembly is located between the pawl and the block, the actuator is connected to the pull rod assembly, and the pull rod assembly is suitable for stopping the block to push the pawl to rotate to lock the parking gear, and the movement direction of the pull rod assembly is perpendicular to the pivot axis of the pawl; this device also cannot solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] Therefore, in order to improve or solve at least one of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a parking structure and control method that can prevent the pawl from unexpectedly entering the P gear, engaging the teeth, or the sensor position signal from not matching the actual position of the pawl. Summary of the invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a parking structure and control method that can prevent the pawl from unexpectedly entering the P gear, engaging the teeth, or the sensor position signal from not matching the actual position of the pawl.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a parking structure, including a mounting shaft; a transmission structure is provided on the mounting shaft; the transmission structure is connected to a parking gear; a driving structure is provided on the parking gear; a pawl is provided on one side of the mounting shaft; and the pawl is connected to the parking gear.

[0009] The transmission structure comprises a spline; a spline groove is provided on the parking gear; and the spline is arranged in the spline groove.

[0010] The driving structure includes a pressure plate; the pressure plate is connected to the mounting shaft and the parking gear respectively.

[0011] The pressure plate is provided with a mounting hole; the mounting shaft is arranged in the mounting hole; the pressure plate is provided with a push rod; the push rod is connected to the parking gear.

[0012] A push rod hole is provided on the parking gear; one end of the push rod is connected to the pressure plate; the other end of the push rod passes through the push rod hole and is connected to a limited stopper.

[0013] A spring is sleeved on the push rod; a spring mounting hole and a block hole are respectively provided on the parking gear; the spring mounting hole and the block hole are both connected to the push rod hole; one end of the spring is pressed against the pressure plate; the other end of the spring is arranged in the spring mounting hole; and the limit block is arranged in the block hole.

[0014] The parking gear comprises a tooth groove; the pawl comprises a clamping block; and the clamping block is clamped in the tooth groove.

[0015] The pawl is connected to the gearbox housing; the pressure plate is connected to the shift assembly.

[0016] A control method for a parking structure, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0017] 1) The shift assembly squeezes the pressure plate; the pressure plate moves axially along the mounting shaft; the spring pushes the parking gear to move toward the pawl; the clamping block is engaged in the tooth groove; the vehicle completes the P gear operation;

[0018] 2) The shift assembly pulls the pressure plate; the pressure plate moves axially along the mounting shaft; the push rod pulls the parking gear away from the pawl; the block disengages from the tooth groove; and the vehicle completes the P gear operation.

[0019] The step 1) comprises:

[0020] 11) When the position of the clamping block corresponds to the tooth groove, the pressure plate moves on the mounting shaft toward the parking gear; the spring pushes the parking gear, and the clamping block is clamped in the tooth groove; the vehicle enters the P gear;

[0021] 12) When the position of the card block is misaligned with the tooth groove, the pressure plate moves on the mounting shaft toward the parking gear; the spring pushes the parking gear, and the card block is pressed against the gear teeth of the parking gear; the vehicle has not entered the P gear, and the mounting shaft drives the parking gear to rotate; when the position of the card block corresponds to the tooth groove, the spring pushes the card block to be stuck in the tooth groove; the vehicle enters the P gear.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0023] 1. The moving part of the present application is changed from a pawl to a parking gear, and the pawl is a stationary part. The pawl is integrated with the gearbox housing, and the original pawl is eliminated; the shift assembly drives the pressure plate; the spring on the push rod pushes the parking gear to connect with the pawl, so that the vehicle enters the P gear operation; it can effectively prevent the pawl from unexpectedly engaging with the parking gear or the pawl from hitting the teeth when the vehicle is not in the P gear.

[0024] At the same time, the parking gear is connected to the shift assembly through the pressure plate. When the P gear is out of gear, the relative position of the parking gear and the shift assembly (the shift assembly can be in any form such as a shift fork) remains unchanged, which can ensure that when the vehicle is not in gear P, the parking gear and the pawl are always in a disengaged state, and there will be no gear mismatch.

[0025] 2. The moving part of the present application is changed from a pawl to a parking gear, and the return spring and pawl pin can be eliminated to achieve a low-cost design; because the pawl is a stationary part, even the pawl tooth feature can be designed to be integrated with the gearbox housing, eliminating the original pawl and further reducing the design cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the parking structure and control method.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving structure of the parking structure and control method.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the driving structure of the parking structure and control method.

[0030] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the P gear state when the parking gear and the pawl are engaged in the parking structure and control method.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the P gear state when the parking gear and the pawl are relative to each other in the parking structure and control method.

[0032] The marks in the above figure are:

[0033] The markings in the figure are:

[0034] 1. Install the shaft, 101, spline,

[0035] 2. Parking gear, 201. Spline groove, 202. Push rod hole, 203. Spring mounting hole, 204. Block hole, 205. Tooth groove,

[0036] 3. Ratchet, 301, card block,

[0037] 4. Press plate, 401, mounting hole, 402, push rod, 403, limit stopper,

[0038] 5. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are further explained in detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, with the aim of helping those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention and facilitating their implementation.

[0040] Figure 1 The parking structure shown includes a mounting shaft 1; a transmission structure is provided on the mounting shaft 1; the transmission structure is connected to a parking gear 2; a driving structure is provided on the parking gear 2; a pawl 3 is provided on one side of the mounting shaft 1; and the pawl 3 is connected to the parking gear 2.

[0041] The moving part of the present application is changed from the pawl 3 to the parking gear 2, and the driving structure pushes the parking gear 2 to connect with the pawl 3, so that the vehicle enters the P gear operation; it can effectively avoid the pawl 3 from unexpectedly engaging with the parking gear 2 or the pawl 3 from hitting the teeth when the vehicle is not in the P gear; at the same time, the parking gear 2 is connected to the shift assembly through the driving structure, and when the P gear is out of the P gear, the relative position of the parking gear 2 and the shift assembly (the shift assembly can be any form such as a shift fork) remains unchanged, which can ensure that when the entire vehicle is not in the P gear, the parking gear 2 and the pawl 3 are always in a disengaged state, and there will be no gear mismatch.

[0042] The transmission structure includes a spline 101 ; a spline groove 201 is provided on the parking gear 2 ; and the spline 101 is arranged in the spline groove 201 .

[0043] The mounting shaft 1 is directly connected to the wheel, and the torque of the entire vehicle is directly transmitted to the mounting shaft 1. The transmission structure can be a spline 101 or other structure that can transmit torque; the length of the spline 101 is greater than the depth of the spline groove 201; the parking gear 2 is installed on the spline 101 through the spline groove 201, and can move axially on the spline 101.

[0044] The driving structure includes a pressure plate 4; the pressure plate 4 is connected to the mounting shaft 1 and the parking gear 2 respectively.

[0045] The pressure plate 4 is a circular plate structure; the pressure plate 4 is sleeved on the mounting shaft 1 ; the pressure plate 4 can drive the parking gear 2 to move flexibly along the axial direction of the mounting shaft 1 .

[0046] The pressure plate 4 is provided with a mounting hole 401 ; the mounting shaft 1 is arranged in the mounting hole 401 ; the pressure plate 4 is provided with a push rod 402 ; the push rod 402 is connected to the parking gear 2 .

[0047] The mounting hole 401 is a circular through hole; the pressure plate 4 is sleeved on the mounting shaft 1 through the mounting hole 401 and can move flexibly along the mounting shaft 1; the diameter of the mounting hole 401 is smaller than the outer diameter of the spline 101; when the pressure plate 4 moves along the mounting shaft 1 toward the pawl 3, the spline 101 will press against the bottom surface of the pressure plate 4, thereby effectively limiting the pressure plate 4.

[0048] A push rod hole 202 is provided on the parking gear 2 ; one end of the push rod 402 is connected to the pressure plate 4 ; the other end of the push rod 402 passes through the push rod hole 202 and is connected to a limited stopper 403 .

[0049] There are multiple push rod holes 202 evenly distributed on the parking gear 2; the push rod hole 202 is a circular through hole; the limit stop block 403 is a circular stop block; one end of the push rod 402 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 4 by thread or welding; the other end of the push rod 402 extends out from the push rod hole 202 and is fixedly connected to the limit stop block 403; when the pressure plate 4 and the push rod 402 move upward in the axial direction, the limit stop block 403 presses against the bottom surface of the parking gear 2, thereby pulling the parking gear 2 upward.

[0050] A spring 5 is sleeved on the push rod 402; a spring mounting hole 203 and a block hole 204 are respectively provided on the parking gear 2; the spring mounting hole 203 and the block hole 204 are both connected to the push rod hole 202; one end of the spring 5 is pressed against the pressure plate 4; the other end of the spring 5 is arranged in the spring mounting hole 203; and the limit block 403 is arranged in the block hole 204.

[0051] When the pressure plate 4 is pressed downward along the axial direction, the spring 5 is compressed between the pressure plate 4 and the spring mounting hole 203, thereby being able to give thrust to the parking gear 2; when the limit stopper 403 is installed in the stopper hole 204, the parking gear 2 can be limited to prevent the parking gear 2 from escaping from the push rod 402; the spring mounting hole 203 is not a must and can be cancelled.

[0052] The parking gear 2 includes a tooth groove 205 ; the pawl 3 includes a clamping block 301 ; and the clamping block 301 is clamped in the tooth groove 205 .

[0053] The parking gear 2 is provided with a plurality of tooth grooves 205 ; the tooth grooves 205 are arranged along the edge of the parking gear 2 ; the clamping block 301 is an integral structure with the pawl 3 and is arranged at the end of the pawl 3 ; the clamping block 301 is clamped in the tooth grooves 205 , so as to realize the braking of the parking gear 2 and the mounting shaft 1 .

[0054] The pawl 3 is connected to the gearbox housing; the pressure plate 4 is connected to the shift assembly.

[0055] The pawl 3 is fixedly connected to the gearbox housing; the locking feature of the pawl 3 can be changed, and even a feature on the gearbox housing can be used instead to eliminate the pawl 3; the pressure plate 4 is fixedly connected to the shift assembly; the shift assembly can be a shift fork or any other form; the force of the shift assembly can drive the pressure plate 4 to move in two axial directions.

[0056] A control method for a parking structure, the control method comprising the following steps:

[0057] 1) The shift assembly squeezes the pressure plate 4; the pressure plate 4 moves axially along the mounting shaft 1; the spring 5 pushes the parking gear 2 to move toward the pawl 3; the clamping block 301 is clamped in the tooth groove 205; the vehicle completes the P gear operation;

[0058] 2) The shift assembly pulls the pressure plate 4; the pressure plate 4 moves axially along the mounting shaft 1; the push rod 402 pulls the parking gear 2 away from the pawl 3; the block 301 disengages from the tooth groove 205; and the vehicle completes the P gear operation.

[0059] Step 1) can control the parking structure to enable the vehicle to enter the P gear; step 2) can control the parking structure to enable the vehicle to exit the P gear; it can effectively prevent the pawl 3 from unexpectedly engaging with the parking gear 2 or the pawl 3 from hitting the teeth when the vehicle is not in the P gear; and it can also prevent the occurrence of gear mismatch.

[0060] Step 1) includes:

[0061] 11) When the position of the block 301 corresponds to the tooth groove 205, the pressure plate 4 moves on the mounting shaft 1 toward the parking gear 2; the spring 5 pushes the parking gear 2, and the block 301 is engaged in the tooth groove 205; the vehicle enters the P gear;

[0062] 12) When the position of the block 301 is misaligned with the tooth groove 205, the pressure plate 4 moves on the mounting shaft 1 toward the parking gear 2; the spring 5 pushes the parking gear 2, and the block 301 is pressed against the teeth of the parking gear 2; the vehicle has not entered the P gear, and the mounting shaft 1 drives the parking gear 2 to rotate; when the position of the block 301 is corresponding to the tooth groove 205, the spring 5 pushes the block 301 to be stuck in the tooth groove 205; the vehicle enters the P gear.

[0063] In step 11), when the parking gear 2 and the pawl 3 are just meshed, if the pawl 3 can be stuck in the tooth groove 205 of the parking gear 2, the parking gear 2 moves toward the pawl 3 along the axis under the action of the shift assembly, so that the parking gear 2 and the pawl 3 are meshed; because the pawl 3 is designed to be fixed (it can be fixed by the features on the gearbox housing, or the block 301 feature of the pawl 3 can be directly designed to be integrated with the housing), the pawl 3 can prevent the parking gear 2 from rotating, thereby achieving the purpose of locking the mounting shaft 1 and the wheel;

[0064] In step 12), when the parking gear 2 is opposite to the pawl 3, in most cases, the pawl 3 cannot be exactly engaged with the tooth groove 205 of the parking gear 2. At this time, when the parking gear 2 moves toward the pawl 3 along the axis under the action of the shift assembly, the pressure plate 4 will compress the spring 5 under the action of the driving force; at this time, the parking gear 2 is not locked by the pawl 3, and the whole vehicle can still slide; when the whole vehicle has a tendency to slide down the slope, the wheels will drive the mounting shaft 1 and the parking gear 2 to rotate together until the parking gear 2 is exactly engaged with the block 301. At this time, the compression force of the spring 5 will drive the parking gear 2 to continue to move axially until the limit block 403 of the push rod 402 enters the mounting hole 401 of the parking gear 2, and the parking gear 2 is just locked by the pawl 3.

[0065] The specific workflow of the present invention is as follows:

[0066] 1) The shift assembly squeezes the pressure plate 4; the pressure plate 4 moves axially along the mounting shaft 1; the spring 5 pushes the parking gear 2 to move toward the pawl 3; the clamping block 301 is clamped in the tooth groove 205; the vehicle completes the P gear operation;

[0067] 2) The shift assembly pulls the pressure plate 4; the pressure plate 4 moves axially along the mounting shaft 1; the push rod 402 pulls the parking gear 2 away from the pawl 3; the block 301 disengages from the tooth groove 205; and the vehicle completes the P gear operation.

[0068] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting shaft (1); a transmission structure is provided on the mounting shaft (1); the transmission structure is connected to a parking gear (2); a driving structure is provided on the parking gear (2); a ratchet (3) is provided on one side of the mounting shaft (1); and the ratchet (3) is connected to the parking gear (2).

2. A parking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission structure comprises a spline (101); a spline groove (201) is provided on the parking gear (2); and the spline (101) is arranged in the spline groove (201).

3. A parking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving structure comprises a pressure plate (4); the pressure plate (4) is respectively connected to the mounting shaft (1) and the parking gear (2).

4. A parking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure plate (4) is provided with a mounting hole (401); the mounting shaft (1) is arranged in the mounting hole (401); the pressure plate (4) is provided with a push rod (402); the push rod (402) is connected to the parking gear (2).

5. A parking structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The parking gear (2) is provided with a push rod hole (202); one end of the push rod (402) is connected to the pressure plate (4); the other end of the push rod (402) passes through the push rod hole (202) and is connected to a limit stopper (403).

6. A parking structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The push rod (402) is sleeved with a spring (5); the parking gear (2) is provided with a spring mounting hole (203) and a block hole (204); the spring mounting hole (203) and the block hole (204) are both connected to the push rod hole (202); one end of the spring (5) is pressed against the pressure plate (4); the other end of the spring (5) is arranged in the spring mounting hole (203); and the limit block (403) is arranged in the block hole (204).

7. A parking structure according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: The parking gear (2) comprises a tooth groove (205); the ratchet pawl (3) comprises a clamping block (301); and the clamping block (301) is clamped in the tooth groove (205).

8. A parking structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratchet pawl (3) is connected to a gearbox housing; and the pressure plate (4) is connected to a gear shift assembly.

9. A method for controlling a parking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The control method comprises the following steps: 1) The shift assembly squeezes the pressure plate (4); the pressure plate (4) moves axially along the mounting shaft (1); the spring (5) pushes the parking gear (2) to move toward the ratchet pawl (3); the clamping block (301) is clamped in the tooth groove (205); and the vehicle completes the operation of shifting into the P gear; 2) The shift assembly pulls the pressure plate (4); the pressure plate (4) moves axially along the mounting shaft (1); the push rod (402) pulls the parking gear (2) away from the ratchet pawl (3); the clamping block (301) disengages from the tooth groove (205); and the vehicle completes the operation of exiting the P gear.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step 1) comprises: 11) When the position of the clamping block (301) corresponds to the position of the tooth groove (205), the pressure plate (4) moves on the mounting shaft (1) toward the parking gear (2); the spring (5) pushes the parking gear (2), and the clamping block (301) is clamped in the tooth groove (205); the vehicle enters the P gear; 12) When the positions of the clamping block (301) and the tooth groove (205) are misaligned, the pressure plate (4) moves on the mounting shaft (1) toward the parking gear (2); the spring (5) pushes the parking gear (2), and the clamping block (301) is pressed against the gear teeth of the parking gear (2); the vehicle has not entered the P gear, and the mounting shaft (1) drives the parking gear (2) to rotate; when the positions of the clamping block (301) and the tooth groove (205) correspond, the spring (5) pushes the clamping block (301) to be clamped into the tooth groove (205); the vehicle enters the P gear.

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