Boiler fly ash sampling system and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of boiler fly ash sampling, in particular to a boiler fly ash sampling system and a use method.The boiler fly ash sampling system comprises a detection unit, and the detection unit comprises an introduction module connected with a boiler, a collection module arranged at the output end of the introduction module, a cleaning module arranged at the output end of the collection module and a test module arranged at the output end of the collection module; and a fly ash sample in the boiler flue is extracted through the introduction module and output to the collection module, the fly ash sample can enter the test module from the collection module to be tested, the fly ash sample enters a sample collection pipe and then enters a sampling test room by controlling an air pump, the fly ash sample is detected, and cleaning is completed regularly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of boiler fly ash sampling, and in particular to a boiler fly ash sampling system and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Boiler fly ash sampling refers to the process of collecting fly ash samples from the boiler flue. These samples are used to analyze the composition and concentration of fly ash to monitor and control the combustion efficiency and emission quality of the boiler. Fly ash is fine particulate matter produced after the combustion of fuel. They are carried in the boiler flue gas and are carried in the flue to the location before emission. The composition of fly ash can reflect the combustion of fuel, including incompletely burned carbon, minerals, heavy metals, etc.

[0003] The existing sampling devices have problems such as complex structure, inaccurate sampling, and short equipment life, which increase the company's operating costs and environmental risks. In order to make it more automated, accurate and easy to maintain, we propose a boiler fly ash sampling system and its use method. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, a boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention is proposed.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a boiler fly ash sampling system, comprising a detection unit, which respectively includes an introduction module connected to the boiler, a collection module arranged at the output end of the introduction module, a cleaning module and a testing module respectively arranged at the output ends of the collection module; and, through the introduction module, fly ash samples in the boiler flue are extracted and output to the collection module, and the fly ash samples can enter the testing module from the collection module for testing.

[0006] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, wherein: a sampling port is set in the direction opposite to the flue gas flow or perpendicular to the airflow, and the inclination angle between the sampling port and the horizontal line is set between ° and °; the introduction module includes a first connecting pipe connected to the sampling port.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, an air pump is provided at one end of the first connecting pipe away from the sampling port, and a control motor is electrically connected to one side of the air pump.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, a second connecting pipe is provided at the output end of the air pump.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, the collection module includes a sample collection tube having an inlet end and two outlet ends.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, wherein: the inlet end is connected to the second connecting pipe, and the cleaning module includes a clearing pipe connected to one of the outlet ends.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, a sewage drain tank is provided at one end of the dredging pipeline away from the sample collecting tube.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the boiler fly ash sampling system of the present invention, the testing module includes a conveying pipeline connected to the other outlet end, and a sampling testing room is provided at one end of the conveying pipeline away from the outlet end.

[0013] One beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: by selecting a good sampling port, installing a first connecting pipe and connecting it to an air pump, the air pump is connected to a sample collecting pipe through a second connecting pipe. When it is necessary to test the fly ash sample, the fly ash in the boiler is sucked into the sample collecting pipe by starting the air pump. The fly ash sample flows out from the conveying pipeline and then enters the sampling and testing room, so that the fly ash sample can be tested, thereby simplifying the overall work process.

[0014] In view of the above problems, the use method of the present invention is proposed.

[0015] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method of use, which includes a boiler fly ash sampling system; and controlling an air pump to extract fly ash samples, the fly ash samples enter the second connecting pipe from the first connecting pipe, and are transmitted to the sampling laboratory for analysis through a sample collection pipe.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the method of use of the present invention, after each sampling is completed, compressed air is used at the first connecting pipe to allow the remaining fly ash sample to enter the sewage tank from the sample collection tube, thereby completing the cleaning of the sample collection tube.

[0017] Another beneficial effect of the present invention is that by controlling the air pump to automatically extract fly ash samples, manual operations are reduced, the accuracy and consistency of sampling are improved, and the use of compressed air to clean the sample collection tube can quickly remove residual fly ash, reduce cleaning time and labor intensity, and avoid the deposition and blockage of fly ash in the tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0019] Figure 1This is a diagram of the boiler fly ash sampling system in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection unit in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0024] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Reference Figure 1 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, and provides a boiler fly ash sampling system and a method of use. The detection unit 100 includes an introduction module 101 connected to the boiler, a collection module 102 arranged at the output end of the introduction module 101, a cleaning module 103 and a testing module 104 respectively arranged at the output ends of the collection module 102; and, the fly ash sample in the boiler flue is extracted by the introduction module 101 and output to the collection module 102, and the fly ash sample can enter the testing module 104 from the collection module 102 for testing.

[0027] Among them, G is the boiler furnace; K is the air preheater, which is a device in the boiler used to improve the heat exchange performance and reduce energy consumption; its function is to transfer the heat carried by the flue gas discharged from the tail flue of the boiler to the air before entering the boiler, and preheat the air to a certain temperature.

[0028] When sampling and testing boiler fly ash, care must be taken to ensure the representativeness of the sampling in order to accurately reflect the boiler combustion efficiency and the composition of the fly ash; the test parameters usually include fly ash carbon content, thermal loss rate, etc., which can reflect the boiler combustion efficiency; fly ash carbon content is a key indicator, which indicates the content of incompletely burned carbon in the fly ash, usually expressed as a percentage; thermal loss rate refers to the percentage of mass reduction after fly ash is burned at a certain temperature, which can reflect the content of combustibles in the fly ash; in addition, the air leakage rate of the air preheater needs to be checked, because too high an air leakage rate may lead to oxygen deficiency in combustion and affect the carbon content of the fly ash.

[0029] In summary, by setting the introduction module 101, the fly ash sample passes through the collection module 102, and the fly ash sample further enters the testing module 104, so that the fly ash sample can be tested, and the operation process is simple.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Reference Figure 1-2 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention, is based on the previous embodiment, except that a sampling port Q is provided in a direction opposite to or perpendicular to the flue gas flow, and an inclination angle between the sampling port Q and the horizontal line is set between 15° and 30°; the introduction module 101 includes a first connecting pipe 101a connected to the sampling port Q.

[0032] By installing and sampling at a key position in the flue at the rear of the boiler, specifically near the flue outlet, about 5 to 10 meters away from the chimney entrance; the flue gas flow rate at this position has been tested, and the average flow rate is between 10-12m / s, and the flow rate fluctuation does not exceed 5%, showing a stable airflow characteristic.

[0033] In addition, the fly ash concentration data from continuous monitoring verified that the concentration variation at this location was within 3% and remained basically uniform. These data showed that this sampling point could effectively reflect the overall fly ash level of boiler emissions, thereby ensuring the representativeness and accuracy of the monitoring results.

[0034] Preferably, an air pump 101b is provided at one end of the first connecting pipe 101a away from the sampling port Q, and one side of the air pump 101b is electrically connected to a control motor 101b-1.

[0035] By introducing a timer for control, the time interval for sampling can be programmed and flexible time settings can be supported. According to the operating characteristics of the boiler and monitoring requirements, the time interval of the extraction device is usually set between 30 minutes and 1 hour. The specific time interval can be adjusted on the timer through programming; if you want to monitor the fly ash concentration more frequently, you can set it to take samples every 30 minutes; if you focus more on the representativeness of a long period of time, you can set it to 1 hour or longer; when triggered, it will start the entire sampling process.

[0036] After the time is set and the timer is triggered, the air pump 101b starts and generates negative pressure to extract the fly ash sample in the flue into the sample collection tube 102a; the air pump 101b is usually installed near the sampling device outside the flue, and is connected to the sampling point in the flue through a high-temperature and corrosion-resistant pipe. This position can not only ensure that the air pump is not directly exposed to high-temperature flue gas, thereby extending its service life, but also effectively extract fly ash samples through the pipe; at the same time, the air pump installation position 101b is convenient for maintenance and inspection, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0037] The detection unit 100 is installed at a predetermined position near the outlet of the flue at the rear of the boiler, about 5 to 10 meters away from the chimney entrance; the mounting bracket adopts a reinforced structural design, adopts high-temperature resistant stainless steel materials such as 316L stainless steel or nickel-based alloy, is fixed by multiple thickened frame beams, and adopts a double-layer structure design, the inner frame is used to support and stabilize the external equipment, and the outer frame plays an additional role in protection and shock absorption; it can withstand the impact of flue gas flow and high temperature environment, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device at this location; the design focus of the bracket is on high temperature tolerance, corrosion resistance and stability, so as to ensure that the device can work for a long time in the harsh environment of the flue at the rear of the boiler; the bracket is equipped with adjustable support rods for adjusting the height and angle of the sampling port. These support rods have rotation and tilt adjustment functions to ensure that the angle of the sampling port can be accurately positioned to the best sampling area of ​​the airflow. The support rod adopts a double-bearing structure to reduce the stress caused by thermal expansion and contraction, thereby maintaining the stability and angle of the sampling port; the base is fixed to the outer wall of the flue with expansion bolts or welding, and has a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant coating to ensure that the bracket is firmly installed on the flue and is not affected by temperature changes in the flue; the base is designed as a wide bottom plate structure to disperse the force to enhance stability, and has anti-slip protrusions and high-temperature gaskets to reduce vibration; the part of the bracket that is in direct contact with the flue is equipped with insulation materials, such as ceramic fiber or composite insulation materials, to avoid heat conduction to the inside of the bracket and reduce damage to the structure caused by high temperature; the insulation layer can also prevent high temperature from having adverse effects on sensitive components such as air pumps and electronic control equipment, thereby improving the overall durability of the system; shock-proof rubber pads or spring shock absorbers are installed at key nodes of the bracket to reduce the vibration caused by flue gas flow and equipment operation, thereby extending the life of the equipment. The shockproof design can also reduce the displacement or loosening of the equipment caused by vibration, ensuring the accuracy of sampling and the stability of the device; the bracket design structure is simple and sturdy, can adapt to the high temperature and high flow rate environment of the boiler tail flue, and is easy to maintain and adjust later, effectively supporting the stable operation of the timed fly ash sampling device.

[0038] The orientation and inclination angle of the sampling port are strictly calibrated in the design to ensure accurate capture of fly ash samples. The sampling port should be oriented in the opposite direction of the flue gas flow or perpendicular to the airflow direction to avoid excessive sampling or uneven sampling due to direct alignment with the airflow; the orientation range is controlled within ±15 degrees of the flue centerline to ensure that the sample can represent the average fly ash concentration in the entire flue; this angle range can balance the uniformity and representativeness of sampling to avoid excessive or insufficient collection of fly ash; the inclination angle of the sampling port to the horizontal line is usually set between 15 and 30 degrees, which can not only avoid fly ash directly impacting the sampling pipe to reduce blockage and wear, but also ensure that fly ash enters the sampling port smoothly; the setting of the angle range is based on the flue gas velocity and fly ash particle size characteristics; at this angle, fly ash particles can be guided into the sampling port, but will not cause equipment wear or sampling errors due to excessive impact force; the orientation and inclination angle in this range are selected mainly to obtain stable and accurate fly ash samples without disrupting the flue gas flow and to extend the service life of the equipment.

[0039] Preferably, a second connecting pipe 101c is provided at the output end of the air pump 101b.

[0040] Preferably, the collection module 102 comprises a sample collection tube 102a having an inlet port M and two outlet ports N.

[0041] The sample collecting tube 102a is used to collect the fly ash samples extracted from the flue. The sample collecting tube 102a is designed to be airtight to prevent the sample from being contaminated or lost during the transmission process. Its material is high temperature resistant and corrosion resistant and can resist the chemicals in the flue gas.

[0042] Preferably, the inlet port M is connected to the second connecting pipe 101c, and the cleaning module 103 includes a dredging pipe 103a connected to one of the outlet ports N.

[0043] Preferably, a sewage drain tank 103a-1 is provided at one end of the dredging pipe 103a away from the sample collection tube 102a.

[0044] After each sampling is completed, the cleaning module 103 is started by Figure 1 At the position indicated by the arrow, compressed air is purged through the first connecting pipe 101a to prevent blockage caused by fly ash deposition. By introducing a cleaning module, the long-term operating reliability of the equipment is effectively improved. Each pipe used for sample transmission adopts a sealed structure, and pneumatically transmits the sample from the collection tube to the analysis instrument to prevent the sample from being lost or contacting with external gas. The pipe material is made of high-temperature and corrosion-resistant materials, which is suitable for long-term high-temperature use environment.

[0045] By setting up a safety protection module, including a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, the flue gas temperature and airflow pressure can be monitored in real time to ensure that the device operates within a safe range; once the temperature or pressure exceeds the safe range, the system will sound an alarm and stop the sampling operation.

[0046] Preferably, the testing module 104 comprises a delivery pipe 104a connected to another outlet N, and an end of the delivery pipe 104a away from the outlet N is provided with a sampling testing room 104a-1.

[0047] Among them, fly ash samples are transmitted to automated analysis instruments through the conveying pipeline 104a. The entire system integrates data acquisition and control functions. The system is tightly connected and the transmission is lossless. Real-time data is automatically uploaded to the monitoring platform for real-time monitoring by environmental protection departments and operators. The equipment is equipped with a fault detection function. Once the system operation is abnormal, such as pipeline blockage, failure to extract samples normally, etc., the system will trigger an alarm to prompt the operation and maintenance personnel to deal with it in time. After the installation is completed, fly ash samples need to be taken regularly for debugging and calibration.

[0048] During the debugging process, the sampling results at different locations and times are compared to optimize the parameters and settings of the equipment to ensure data accuracy and system stability. The equipment is automatically calibrated regularly to ensure the accuracy and representativeness of the sampling and avoid deviations caused by long-term operation.

[0049] In summary, the automatic extraction of fly ash samples through the timing control system reduces the errors caused by human intervention and ensures data continuity. The integrated automatic cleaning module reduces the frequency and complexity of manual cleaning. By optimizing the sampling position, the samples are highly representative, the data are accurate and reliable, and the tediousness is reduced.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] Reference Figure 1-2 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that the air pump 101b is controlled to extract the fly ash sample, the fly ash sample enters the second connecting pipe 101c from the first connecting pipe 101a, and is transmitted to the sampling and testing room 104a-1 for analysis through the sample collecting pipe 102a.

[0052] Preferably, after each sampling is completed, compressed air is passed through the first connecting pipe 101a to allow the remaining fly ash sample to enter the sewage tank 103a-1 from the sample collecting pipe 102a, thereby completing the cleaning of the sample collecting pipe 102a.

[0053] The boiler fly ash sampling and detection method can accurately reflect the boiler combustion efficiency and the composition of the fly ash, improve the heat exchange performance through the air preheater, reduce energy consumption, use compressed air to clean the sample collection tube 102a, ensure the cleaning of the sampling tube, avoid cross contamination, improve the detection accuracy, thereby improving the combustion efficiency, reducing energy waste, and ensuring the representativeness of the sampling through regular cleaning to improve the accuracy of the detection results.

[0054] Importantly, it should be noted that the construction and arrangement of the present application shown in a plurality of different exemplary embodiments are only exemplary. Although only a few embodiments are described in detail in this disclosure, it should be readily understood by those who refer to this disclosure that many modifications are possible (e.g., the size, scale, structure, shape and proportion of various elements, and parameter values ​​(e.g., temperature, pressure, etc.), installation arrangement, use of materials, color, directional changes, etc.) without substantially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in the application. For example, the element shown as integrally formed can be composed of multiple parts or elements, the position of the element can be inverted or otherwise changed, and the nature or number or position of the discrete element can be changed or changed. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or reordered according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any "device plus function" clause is intended to cover the structure of performing the function described herein, and is not only structurally equivalent but also equivalent structure. Without departing from the scope of the present invention, other replacements, modifications, changes and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments. Therefore, the invention is not limited to a specific embodiment, but extends to numerous modifications still falling within the scope of the appended claims.

[0055] Additionally, in order to provide a concise description of exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual embodiment (ie, those features that are not relevant to the best mode presently contemplated for carrying out the invention or those that are not relevant to implementing the invention) may not be described.

[0056] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort may be complex and time-consuming, but will be a routine task of design, fabrication, and production for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure without undue experimentation.

[0057] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A boiler fly ash sampling system, characterized in that: include, The detection unit (100) comprises an introduction module (101) connected to the boiler, a collection module (102) arranged at the output end of the introduction module (101), a cleaning module (103) and an assay module (104) respectively arranged at the output ends of the collection module (102); and, The fly ash sample in the boiler flue is extracted through the introduction module (101) and output to the collection module (102), and the fly ash sample can enter the testing module (104) from the collection module (102) for testing.

2. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: By arranging a sampling port (Q) in the direction opposite to the flue gas flow or perpendicular to the gas flow, and the inclined angle between the sampling port (Q) and the horizontal line is set between 15° and 30°; The introduction module (101) comprises a first connecting pipe (101a) connected to the sampling port (Q).

3. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air pump (101b) is provided at one end of the first connecting pipe (101a) away from the sampling port (Q), and one side of the air pump (101b) is electrically connected to a control motor (101b-1).

4. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The output end of the air pump (101b) is provided with a second connecting pipe (101c).

5. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The collection module (102) includes a sample collection tube (102a) having an inlet end (M) and two outlet ends (N).

6. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inlet end (M) is connected to the second connecting pipe (101c), and the cleaning module (103) comprises a clearing pipe (103a) connected to one of the outlet ends (N).

7. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sewage drain tank (103a-1) is provided at one end of the dredging pipeline (103a) away from the sample collection tube (102a).

8. The boiler fly ash sampling system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The testing module (104) comprises a delivery pipeline (104a) connected to the other outlet end (N), and a sampling testing room (104a-1) is provided at one end of the delivery pipeline (104a) away from the outlet end (N).

9. A method of use, characterized in that: A boiler fly ash sampling system comprising any one of claims 1 to 8; and The air pump (101b) is controlled to extract fly ash samples, and the fly ash samples enter the second connecting pipe (101c) from the first connecting pipe (101a) and are transmitted to the sampling and testing room (104a-1) for analysis through the sample collection pipe (102a).

10. The method of use according to claim 9, characterized in that: After each sampling is completed, compressed air is supplied at the first connecting pipe (101a) to allow the remaining fly ash sample to enter the sewage tank (103a-1) from the sample collection pipe (102a), thereby completing the cleaning of the sample collection pipe (102a).

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