Anti-sedimentation apron structure and process

Abstract

According to the anti-sedimentation apron structure, on the basis of a traditional apron method, a sedimentation control anchoring rib, especially a transverse sedimentation control rib, is additionally arranged, one end of the sedimentation control anchoring rib is sealed in an anchoring mode and connected into a building outer wall, a main body part of the sedimentation control anchoring rib is embedded in apron, and longitudinal structural ribs are distributed on the sedimentation control anchoring rib. The transverse sinking control ribs effectively control the sinking difference between the aproll and the building outer wall, the problem of staggered joints caused by uneven sinking is avoided, and meanwhile a uniform sinking transition face is formed within the transverse width range of the aproll. The longitudinal structural bars are arranged to coordinate longitudinal settlement deformation of the aproll, so that the stability and durability of the structure are further improved. The structure can ensure settlement deformation coordination between indoor and outdoor walls and the ground, and cracks and structural damage caused by differential settlement are avoided. Through the combination of two technical means of transverse gradual change settlement and longitudinal coordinated settlement, effective control over building apron settlement is achieved, the engineering implementation effect is good, and high application value and popularization prospects are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of construction engineering, and is a structure and process for preventing subsidence of water dispersion, which is particularly suitable for technical treatment of subsidence of water dispersion in indoor and outdoor connection areas of buildings. Background Art

[0002] Building water dispersion is an important part of the building's perimeter foundation protection. It is usually set on the ground around the building. Its main function is to guide rainwater or ground water away from the building foundation quickly, so as to prevent water seepage and water accumulation from having adverse effects on the foundation structure. Water dispersion not only has a good drainage function, but also can protect the building foundation to a certain extent and extend the service life of the building. Its functions mainly include: first, waterproof drainage function. The core function of water dispersion is to prevent rainwater from accumulating around the building, and to drain rainwater to a position away from the building foundation in time, so as to reduce the possibility of water infiltration into the ground and reduce the erosion of the basement, foundation and foundation wall; second, to protect the foundation structure. Through effective drainage, water dispersion can reduce the wetness of the foundation soil, avoid uneven settlement caused by frost heave or soil softening, and ensure the structural safety of the building; third, it is convenient for beautification and maintenance. Reasonably designed water dispersion can be integrated with the building appearance and surrounding landscape to play a decorative role. In addition, hard-paved water dispersion is easy to clean and maintain, reducing weed growth and muddy phenomena.

[0003] The structure of the scattered water mainly includes the base layer, waterproof layer and surface layer. The base layer is usually a compacted soil layer or a crushed stone cushion layer to ensure the stability of the overall structure. The waterproof layer can be made of waterproof rolls, membranes or structures to enhance the anti-seepage performance. The surface layer is usually made of hard materials such as concrete, asphalt, natural stone or tiles to improve wear resistance and frost resistance.

[0004] In terms of slope design, the water splashing needs to maintain a certain outward inclination slope, usually 3% to 5%, to ensure that rainwater can be discharged quickly without forming water accumulation. The width of the water splashing is determined according to the building type and rainfall intensity, generally between 600mm and 1000mm, and can be appropriately widened in special circumstances. In addition, in order to prevent cracking caused by temperature differences, the surface layer of the water splashing should be reasonably set with deformation joints, and the joints can be filled with waterproof sealing materials to maintain beauty and waterproof performance.

[0005] The construction of water dispersion should ensure uniform slope and tight joints to avoid local depressions that may lead to water accumulation. In cold regions, water dispersion materials should have good antifreeze properties to resist frost heave damage. Waterproofing is particularly critical at the junction with the building wall to ensure that there is no leakage risk.

[0006] In summary, building water dispersion not only plays an important role in drainage protection, but also effectively extends the durability of the building foundation. It is a detail that cannot be ignored in building design and construction. However, the main shortcoming of traditional water dispersion design is that it does not fully consider the settlement difference between the building and the surrounding ground. During the use of the building, due to the uneven settlement of the foundation, the original water dispersion slope may fail, which in turn causes the change of water flow direction or water accumulation. If the settlement difference is not taken into account, the accumulated water may penetrate into the foundation and damage the stability of the building structure. In addition, the hard paving materials and fixed slopes commonly used in traditional designs cannot flexibly respond to changes in settlement, and are prone to cracks or damage, affecting the drainage effect. Especially in the basement or foundation contact area, if the waterproofing measures are not in place, water penetration is more likely to cause structural problems.

[0007] In general, traditional scattered water design fails to fully adapt to the dynamic changes of buildings and surrounding environment, which can easily cause hidden dangers and reduce the durability and safety of buildings. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to address the insufficient consideration of traditional splash water design in terms of differential settlement between buildings and outdoor ground, and to propose a building splash water structure and construction process that can effectively prevent and control differential settlement between indoor and outdoor areas, ensure the coordination of settlement deformation between indoor and outdoor walls and the ground, and avoid cracks and structural damage caused by differential settlement.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an anti-settlement water-sprinkling structure and process, and to add a control-settlement anchoring bar, especially a transverse control-settlement bar, on the basis of the traditional water-sprinkling design. One end of the transverse control-settlement bar is connected to the exterior wall of the building by anchoring, the main body is buried in the water-sprinkling structure, and longitudinal structural bars are arranged. The transverse control-settlement bar effectively controls the settlement difference between the water-sprinkling and the exterior wall of the building, avoids the problem of misalignment caused by uneven settlement, and forms a uniform settlement transition surface within the width of the water-sprinkling. The longitudinal structural bar ensures the settlement coordination of the water-sprinkling in the longitudinal direction, and improves the structural stability and durability. Through the combination of these two technical means, the present invention effectively controls the settlement problem of building water-sprinkling, and avoids cracks and structural damage caused by the settlement difference between indoor and outdoor walls and the ground. The advantages of this solution are: it has a strong engineering application value, can improve the stability and durability of water-sprinkling, and has a broad promotion prospect.

[0010] Furthermore, the anchoring ends of the transverse settlement control bars are fixed in the structural layer of the building's exterior wall by means of embedded bars, and are spaced apart along the length of the exterior wall. By controlling the settlement difference between the building's exterior wall and the splashback part, and forming a settlement transition surface within the transverse width of the splashback, differential settlement and misalignment at the connection between the building's splashback and the building's exterior wall can be effectively avoided.

[0011] Furthermore, the longitudinal structural reinforcement is connected to the transverse settlement control reinforcement and extends parallel to the outer wall of the building, forming a mesh structure with the transverse settlement control reinforcement, and together forming a two-way settlement coordination grid.

[0012] Furthermore, the dispersion structure includes, from top to bottom, a surface layer or planting soil, a compacted gray soil layer, longitudinal structural reinforcements, transverse settlement control reinforcements, and compacted plain soil. The initial transverse slope of the surface layer is ≥3%, and a flexible waterproof joint is provided between the surface layer and the exterior wall of the building.

[0013] In addition, the present invention provides three forms of anti-settlement diversion structures: fine stone concrete anti-settlement diversion, cement mortar surface layer anti-settlement diversion and planting anti-settlement diversion.

[0014] Compared with the existing traditional water-sprinkling construction methods, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: first, it effectively controls the settlement difference. The transverse settlement control reinforcement is connected to the outer wall by anchoring, successfully avoiding the uneven settlement between the water-sprinkling and the building wall, and preventing the problem of misalignment. Second, the settlement transition is uniform. Through the design of transverse and longitudinal structural reinforcements, a uniform settlement transition in the water-sprinkling area is achieved, and stability is improved. Third, durability is improved. Through the settlement coordination design, cracks and structural damage caused by settlement differences are avoided, and the durability of the water-sprinkling structure is enhanced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an anti-settling water dispersion structure and process of the present invention when fine stone concrete water dispersion is used; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an anti-settling water dispersion structure and process of the present invention when cement mortar surface layer water dispersion is used; Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an anti-settling water dispersion structure and process when using planting water dispersion.

[0017] Figure 4 The present invention is an anti-settling water dispersion structure and process for implementing the operation steps.

[0018] In the figure, the anti-settling water dispersion is composed of a building exterior wall (1), a water dispersion (2), and a waterproof caulking (3), wherein the building exterior wall (1) is composed of an exterior wall base layer (11), a thermal insulation layer (12), and a finishing layer (13) from the inside to the outside. If the building does not consider the thermal insulation function requirement, the thermal insulation layer (102) can be eliminated.

[0019] like Figure 1 As shown, when fine stone concrete is used for water dispersion, the water dispersion (2) is composed of a fine stone concrete surface layer (21), a compacted gray soil layer (22), a settlement control anchoring bar (23) and compacted plain soil (24) from top to bottom.

[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, when cement mortar surface layer water dispersion is adopted, the water dispersion (2) is composed of a cement mortar surface layer (25), a fine stone concrete surface layer (21), a compacted gray soil layer (22), a settlement control anchoring bar (23) and a compacted plain soil (24) from top to bottom.

[0021] like Figure 3 As shown, when planting dispersion is adopted, the dispersion (2) is also composed of a fine stone concrete surface layer (21), a compacted gray soil layer (22), a settlement control anchoring bar (23) and compacted plain soil (24) from top to bottom, but the planting soil (4) is backfilled above the fine stone concrete surface layer (21).

[0022] The sinking control anchoring rib (23) is composed of an anchoring end (231), a waterproof seal (232), a transverse sinking control rib (233) and a longitudinal structural rib (234) from the inside to the outside.

[0023] The waterproof caulking (3) is composed of a caulking glue (31), a foam rod (32) and an extruded board (33) from top to bottom.

[0024] like Figure 4 As shown, the implementation steps adopted by the present invention are: S101 Mark the structural surface of the building's exterior wall and drill holes at a certain interval, then lay and compact the gray soil layer on the compacted soil surface to the drilling position.

[0025] S102 implants transverse control reinforcement at the drilling site and seals the anchor end.

[0026] S103 The longitudinal structural reinforcement is tied to the transverse sinking control reinforcement to form a mesh skeleton.

[0027] S104 Continue to lay the gray soil layer and compact it to the designed elevation, pour fine stone concrete and compact it to form a lateral slope of ≥3%.

[0028] S105 is constructed with waterproof caulking and surface drainage, while the planting type drainage is backfilled with planting soil to form a uniform settlement transition surface that gradually changes from the outer wall to the outside. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below with reference to specific diagrams.

[0030] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification for people familiar with this technology to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions for the implementation of the present invention, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportion relationship or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description, and are not used to limit the scope of the implementation of the present invention. The change or adjustment of their relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope of the implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example

[0032] Embodiment 1 is fine stone concrete anti-settling water dispersion.

[0033] 1. Structural composition Fine stone concrete anti-settlement water diversion structure Figure 1 As shown, the anti-settling diffusor consists of a building exterior wall (1), diffusors (2), and waterproof caulking (3).

[0034] The building exterior wall (1) comprises, from the inside to the outside, an exterior wall base layer (11), an insulation layer (12, which may be omitted if there is no insulation requirement), and a finishing layer (13).

[0035] The water dispersion (2) is composed of a fine stone concrete surface layer (21), a compacted gray soil layer (22), a settlement control anchoring bar (23) and compacted plain soil (24).

[0036] Fine aggregate concrete surface layer (21): surface material, thickness 60 mm, cast with C20 fine aggregate concrete, initial transverse slope ≥ 3%, surface compacted and smoothed.

[0037] Compacted lime soil layer (22): intermediate transition layer, 150 mm thick, lime soil ratio of 3:7 (lime: plain soil), compacted layer by layer to a density of ≥95%.

[0038] Sinking control anchoring bars (23): The transverse sinking control bars (233) are made of 16 mm diameter steel bars, one end of which is anchored in the outer wall structure layer through planting bars, with an anchoring depth of 150 mm and a spacing of 600 mm. The longitudinal structural bars (234) are made of 12 mm diameter steel bars, arranged parallel to the outer wall in two rows, and tied with the transverse sinking control bars (233) to form a bidirectional grid.

[0039] Compacted soil (24): The base soil is backfilled in layers and compacted to the designed elevation to ensure the stability of the foundation.

[0040] The waterproof caulking (3) is located at the junction of the water-scattering surface layer and the external wall, with a width of 30 mm. From bottom to top, it is composed of an extruded board (33), a foam rod (32) and a caulking glue (31) to adapt to deformation and prevent water seepage.

[0041] 2. Construction process steps (reference Figure 4 ) 1. Base layer processing and positioning Drilling positions are marked at 600mm intervals at the bottom of the building exterior wall (1). The diameter of the drilled holes is slightly larger than the diameter of the transverse control reinforcement (233) and the depth is ≥150mm. At the same time, debris on the surface of the base soil (24) is removed, and the soil is backfilled and compacted in layers to the designed elevation, with a compaction coefficient ≥0.93.

[0042] 2. Transverse controlled reinforcement anchorage Inject rebar glue into the drilled hole and implant transverse control reinforcement (233) to ensure that the anchor end (231) penetrates into the outer wall structure layer and the exposed part is parallel to the direction of the water dispersion. The junction between the anchor end (231) and the outer wall is waterproofed (232) and sealed with polyurethane sealant.

[0043] 3. Longitudinal structural reinforcement binding The longitudinal structural reinforcement (234) is tied to the transverse sinking control reinforcement (233) to form a grid skeleton, and the nodes are fixed with iron wires.

[0044] 4. Construction of lime soil layer and surface layer Lay a 3:7 lime soil layer (22) with a thickness of 150 mm and compact it in two layers according to the position of the settlement control anchor bars (23) until the density is ≥ 95%.

[0045] Cast fine stone concrete surface layer (21) with a thickness of 60 mm, use a scraper to level the slope, with a slope of ≥ 3%, and mechanically compact and finish.

[0046] 5. Waterproof caulking treatment A 30 mm gap is reserved at the junction of the water dispersion surface layer (21) and the external wall (1), and an extruded board (33) is filled as a backing. After the foam rod (32) is embedded, a weather-resistant caulking glue (31) is poured to ensure flexibility and waterproofness.

[0047] 3. Technical features and advantages 1. Coordinated control of settlement The transverse settlement control reinforcement (233) is anchored to the outer wall to restrict the differential settlement between the splashback and the building; the longitudinal structural reinforcement (234) coordinates the longitudinal deformation to form a uniform settlement transition surface.

[0048] 2. Waterproof and durability The fine stone concrete surface layer (21) has good impermeability and, in combination with the waterproof caulking (3), effectively blocks the rainwater penetration path.

[0049] 3. Wide adaptability It is suitable for the drainage areas of ordinary buildings, and is especially effective for projects that are sensitive to foundation settlement or require long-term anti-seepage. Example

[0050] The second embodiment is a cement mortar surface layer anti-settlement water dispersion.

[0051] Cement mortar surface layer anti-settlement water dispersion structure Figure 2 As shown, other structures and process parameters are similar to those of Example 1, except that a layer of DS mortar surface layer (25) is added on the fine stone concrete surface layer (21).

[0052] DS cement mortar surface layer (25): surface material, thickness 20mm, using DS dry mortar (strength grade M15) for plastering, initial transverse slope ≥ 3%, surface calendering treatment. DS cement mortar surface layer (25) is thin, light, smooth and wear-resistant, and is suitable for scenes with high decorative requirements. Example

[0053] Embodiment 3 is to disperse water to prevent subsidence in planting.

[0054] Planting anti-subsidence water dispersion structure such as Figure 3 As shown, other structures and process parameters are similar to those of Example 1, except that the fine stone concrete surface layer (21) of Example 1 is covered with 250mm to 300mm thick planting soil (4). Accordingly, the buried depth of the water dispersion (2) is increased by 250mm to 300mm, which is suitable for scenes where greening is required around the exterior walls of buildings and concealed water dispersion is used.

[0055] Correspondingly, an L-shaped corner treatment structure is added to the fine stone concrete surface layer (21) at the junction with the outer wall (1), and the height of the waterproof caulking (3) is correspondingly increased.

[0056] Engineering application effect of the embodiments: The three embodiments adapt to different functional requirements through different scattered water structures, but the core is to add settlement control anchor bars in the scattered water structure. Through the synergistic effect of the settlement control anchor bars composed of the bidirectional steel mesh, the scattered water is synchronized with the settlement and deformation of the building, avoiding the problems of staggered joints, water accumulation and cracks caused by uneven settlement of traditional scattered water. The fine stone concrete surface layer and waterproof caulking design further improve the impermeability and durability. Embodiment 1 is suitable for conventional application scenarios such as residential and public buildings, with convenient construction and controllable costs; Embodiment 2 is suitable for commercial buildings, low-rise residential buildings and other scenes with high requirements for the flatness of the scattered water surface but small loads, and is both functional and economical; Embodiment 3 is suitable for scenes where greening is required around the exterior walls of buildings and concealed scattered water is used, meeting the requirements of greening and beautiful functions.

[0057] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. The present invention may be subject to various changes and improvements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. These changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An anti-settling water dispersion structure and process, characterized in that: The anti-settlement diversion structure consists of a building exterior wall, diversion, and waterproof joints. The diversion is equipped with sinking control anchor bars. The transverse sinking control bars and the longitudinal structural bars are interconnected to form a mesh structure, and one end of the transverse sinking control bar is closed and connected to the building exterior wall by anchoring.

2. According to the anti-settling water dispersion structure and process of claim 1, it is characterized by: The anchoring ends of the transverse settlement control bars are fixed in the structural layer of the building's exterior wall by means of embedded bars and are spaced apart along the length of the exterior wall. By controlling the settlement difference between the building's exterior wall and the splashing part and forming a settlement transition surface within the transverse width of the splashing, differential settlement staggered joints at the connection between the building's splashing and the building's exterior wall are effectively avoided.

3. According to the anti-settling water dispersion structure and process of claim 1, it is characterized by: The longitudinal structural reinforcement is connected to the transverse settlement control reinforcement and extends parallel to the outer wall of the building, forming a mesh structure with the transverse settlement control reinforcement, and together forming a two-way settlement coordination grid.

4. The anti-settling water dispersion structure and process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The dispersion structure includes, from top to bottom, a surface layer or planting soil, a compacted gray soil layer, longitudinal structural reinforcement, transverse settlement control reinforcement, and compacted plain soil. The initial transverse slope of the surface layer is ≥3%, and a flexible waterproof joint is provided in the connection seam between the surface layer and the exterior wall of the building.

5. An anti-settling water dispersion structure and process according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The process implementation includes the following steps: ① Mark on the structural surface of the building's exterior wall and drill holes at a certain interval, lay and compact the gray soil layer on the compacted plain soil surface to the drilling position; ② Implant transverse settlement control bars at the drilling position and seal the anchor end; ③ Tie the longitudinal structural bars to the transverse settlement control bars to form a mesh skeleton; ④ Continue to lay the gray soil layer and compact it to the designed elevation, pour and compact fine stone concrete to form a transverse slope of ≥3%; ⑤ Construct waterproof joints and surface drainage, and backfill the planting soil for planting type drainage to form a uniform settlement transition surface that gradually changes from the exterior wall to the outside.

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