Single-motor hybrid power system based on automatic mechanical transmission and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-motor hybrid power system based on an automatic mechanical transmission and a control method. The system comprises an engine, an automatic clutch, a motor and the automatic mechanical transmission which are connected in sequence. The automatic mechanical transmission comprises an input shaft, a transmission driving gear set, a main shaft, a main shaft gear set, an auxiliary shaft, an auxiliary shaft gear set, a planetary gear mechanism and an output shaft, the planetary gear mechanism comprises a gear ring, a planet gear, a planet carrier and a sun gear; the motor is fixedly connected with the engine, the input shaft is sleeved with the automatic clutch in an empty mode, and the motor is fixedly connected with the automatic mechanical transmission and conducts power transmission through meshing of an input shaft outer spline and a motor inner spline. Different driving modes such as engine driving, motor driving, hybrid driving and energy recovery of the vehicle can be achieved by selecting the working modes of the driving motor, the engine and the automatic mechanical transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicle power systems, and in particular to a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of energy-saving and new energy vehicle industries, hybrid and new energy transmissions, as core components for energy conservation and carbon reduction, have diverse technical forms and complex structures, and different technical architectures have different effects. Among them, the biggest advantage of the P2 hybrid configuration is that it achieves a significant improvement in power and economy at the lowest cost of transformation.

[0003] Existing traditional energy heavy-duty transmissions have the problems of high energy consumption and high emissions. How to provide a driving method through motor participation to reduce fuel consumption and emissions is the focus of current research, but there is currently a lack of a single-motor hybrid system and control method based on an automatic mechanical transmission (AMT). Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] On the one hand, the present application provides a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission, the system comprising: an engine, an automatic clutch, an electric motor and an automatic mechanical transmission connected in sequence; wherein the automatic mechanical transmission comprises an input shaft and a transmission driving gear set, a main shaft and a main shaft gear set, a secondary shaft and a secondary shaft gear set, a planetary gear mechanism and an output shaft fixedly connected to the electric motor; the planetary gear mechanism comprises a ring gear, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier and a sun gear; the electric motor is fixedly connected to the engine, the automatic clutch is loosely mounted on the input shaft, the electric motor is fixedly connected to the automatic mechanical transmission and power is transmitted through the engagement of the external spline of the input shaft with the internal spline of the electric motor.

[0006] In one implementation of the present application, the system is a P2 hybrid configuration, including a pure electric mode and a series mode. In the pure electric mode, the vehicle is driven solely by the motor, and in the series mode, the engine drives the vehicle solely and the engine and generator drive the vehicle together to achieve energy recovery.

[0007] In one implementation of the present application, the automatic mechanical transmission includes a main box and a sub-box, the main box is provided with an input shaft, a main shaft, and two sets of sub-shafts, the main shaft is provided with a main shaft reverse gear, a main shaft first gear gear, a main shaft second gear gear, a main shaft third gear gear, a main shaft fourth gear gear, and a main shaft fifth gear gear in sequence; the main box sub-shaft is provided with two groups of gears with the same gear parameters, which are provided with a sub-shaft reverse gear, a sub-shaft first gear gear, a sub-shaft second gear gear, a sub-shaft third gear gear, a sub-shaft fourth gear gear, a sub-shaft fifth gear gear, and a sub-shaft transmission gear in sequence, and the inner holes of the gears are all interference fit with the sub-shaft and are positioned on the sub-shaft by cylindrical pins.

[0008] In one implementation of the present application, the auxiliary box is provided with a planetary gear mechanism, and an auxiliary box synchronizer is provided on the planetary gear mechanism, and the auxiliary box high and low gear switching and power transmission are achieved through the auxiliary box synchronizer.

[0009] In one implementation of the present application, the countershaft transmission gear, countershaft fifth gear gear, countershaft fourth gear gear, countershaft third gear gear, countershaft second gear gear, and countershaft first gear gear are respectively meshed with the first shaft constant meshing gear, main shaft fifth gear gear, main shaft fourth gear gear, main shaft third gear gear, main shaft second gear gear, and main shaft first gear gear, and different gear positions are switched through the fifth and sixth gear sliding sleeves, the third and fourth gear sliding sleeves, and the first and second gear sliding sleeves to achieve power transmission with different speed ratios; the idler gear is respectively meshed with the countershaft reverse gear gear and the main shaft reverse gear, and a needle bearing is provided in the inner hole of the idler gear, and the gear switching is achieved through the reverse gear sliding sleeve to achieve reverse gear power transmission.

[0010] In one implementation of the present application, the system engages or disengages the engine via a clutch to achieve switching between pure electric mode and series mode.

[0011] In one implementation of the present application, the system is connected to the engine flywheel housing through the motor housing, the engine and motor are arranged on the same side of the gearbox housing, and the output end of the output shaft is arranged on the other side of the gearbox housing.

[0012] In one implementation of the present application, the system increases torque through an electric motor, thereby enabling a small horsepower engine to drive a high torque gearbox.

[0013] In one implementation of the present application, the end of the output shaft is connected to the transmission shaft to the input bevel gear on the wheel main shaft through an output flange surface bolt.

[0014] On the other hand, the present application also provides a control method for a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission, which uses the aforementioned single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission, and is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0015] When the vehicle is started and the battery level is high, the hybrid system is in pure electric driving mode. At this time, the engine is stopped, the clutch is disengaged, the power battery provides power, and the drive motor drives the vehicle alone, and the power is efficiently transmitted through the gear meshing with the gearbox input shaft;

[0016] At low speed and light load conditions, the hybrid system is in driving power generation mode, in which the engine drives, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor generates electricity, the power battery is charged, and the engine alone drives the vehicle;

[0017] At medium and high speeds and high loads, the hybrid system is in engine mode, where the engine drives the vehicle, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor does not work, and the power battery does not work. The engine drives the vehicle alone, and the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point to ensure that the engine always works in the best economic zone, improving fuel economy.

[0018] Under full load conditions, the hybrid system is in series mode, where the engine drives, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor drives, and the power battery is discharged. The engine and the drive motor drive the vehicle in a hybrid manner. At the same time, the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point so that the engine works in the best economic zone, ensuring power while also improving fuel economy.

[0019] During braking and deceleration conditions, the hybrid system is in energy recovery mode. At this time, the engine is stopped or idling, the clutch is disengaged, the drive motor generates electricity, and the power battery is charged, efficiently recovering kinetic energy into electrical energy. At the same time, the motor increases torque, allowing a small horsepower engine to drive a high-torque gearbox, saving costs and reducing fuel consumption.

[0020] The present application provides a single-motor hybrid system and control method based on an automatic mechanical transmission, which adopts a main box double intermediate shaft structure and a sub-box planetary gear mechanism structure, wherein the main box gear position includes six gear positions, and the sub-box planetary gear mechanism includes two gear positions, and the whole box can achieve 6×2=12 gears, with a lower speed ratio range and higher gear shifting smoothness. Through the torque-increasing effect of the motor, compared with the traditional energy gearbox, this matching single-motor hybrid system realizes the decoupling of the engine and the vehicle speed, and the engine works in the economic range for a long time, which can significantly reduce the consumption of traditional energy of the vehicle under different working conditions, significantly improve the fuel saving rate, and significantly reduce vehicle emissions; the hybrid mode adopts stepless speed regulation of the motor, without the sense of gear shifting frustration, better smoothness, higher transmission efficiency, and better NVH performance; at the same time, the matching single-motor hybrid system can realize the driving of a large torque gearbox by a small horsepower engine, with lower cost, higher power and economy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A working principle diagram of the pure electric mode provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 A working principle diagram of the driving power generation mode provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 The working principle diagram of the engine mode provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the series mode provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 A working principle diagram of the energy recovery mode provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Description of the drawings: engine A, automatic clutch B, drive motor C, AMT main box D, AMT sub-box E, input shaft 1, reverse gear sleeve 2, first and second gear sleeves 3, third and fourth gear sleeves 4, fifth and sixth gear sleeves 5, main shaft reverse gear 6, main shaft first gear gear 7, main shaft second gear gear 8, main shaft third gear gear 9, main shaft fourth gear gear 10, main shaft fifth gear gear 11, first shaft constant mesh gear 12, counter shaft reverse gear 13, counter shaft first gear gear 14, counter shaft second gear gear 15, counter shaft third gear gear 16, counter shaft fourth gear gear 17, counter shaft fifth gear gear 18, counter shaft transmission gear 19, main shaft 20, counter shaft 21, planetary gear mechanism 22, output flange 23. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solution of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the specific embodiments of the present application and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] The embodiment of the present application provides a single-motor hybrid system and control method based on an automatic mechanical transmission. The technical solution proposed in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission. Figure 1 As shown, taking the HW12WY hybrid transmission as an example, the working process of the AMT transmission in the single-motor hybrid system matched in this application is as follows:

[0032] When in the forward gear, the power in the hybrid system enters the AMT main box D from the input shaft 1, and is transmitted to the countershaft transmission gear 19 on the countershaft 21 through the first-shaft constant meshing gear 12 on the input shaft 1. At the same time, the first and second gear sliding sleeves 3 of the idle sleeve on the main shaft 20 are engaged with the first gear gear 7 of the main shaft or the second gear gear 8 of the main shaft, and the corresponding first gear / seventh gear or second gear / eighth gear is engaged. The power is transmitted from the AMT main box D to the AMT sub-box E via the planetary gear mechanism 22 along the first gear gear 14 of the countershaft or the second gear gear 15 of the countershaft 21, and finally transmitted out of the AMT transmission through the output flange 23.

[0033] Similarly, the idle third and fourth gear sliding sleeve 4 on the main shaft 20 is engaged with the main shaft third gear gear 9 or the main shaft fourth gear gear 10, and the corresponding third gear / ninth gear or fourth gear / tenth gear is engaged, and the countershaft third gear gear 16 or the countershaft fourth gear gear 17 on the countershaft 21 is used;

[0034] Similarly, the fifth and sixth gear sliding sleeve 5 of the idle sleeve on the main shaft 20 is engaged with the main shaft fifth gear gear 11, and the corresponding fifth gear / eleventh gear is engaged, and the countershaft fifth gear gear 18 on the countershaft 21 is used;

[0035] In particular, the power in the hybrid system enters the AMT main box D from the input shaft 1, the fifth and sixth gear sliding sleeves 5 on the main shaft 20 are engaged with the one-shaft constant meshing gear 12, and the corresponding sixth gear / twelfth gear is engaged. At this time, the power is directly transmitted to the main shaft 20 through the one-shaft constant meshing gear 12 on the input shaft 1, and the power is transmitted from the AMT main box D to the AMT auxiliary box E through the planetary gear mechanism 22, and finally the AMT transmission is transmitted from the output flange 23;

[0036] In the reverse gear, the power is achieved by the reverse gear sleeve 2 in cooperation with the main shaft reverse gear 6 and the counter shaft reverse gear 13 to realize the reverse operation of the output flange 23.

[0037] This application matches the single-motor hybrid system in pure electric mode such as Figure 2 As shown, the working process is as follows: when the vehicle starts, it starts through the drive motor C. At this time, the engine A stops, the automatic clutch B is disengaged, and the mechanical connection between the engine A and the drive motor C is disconnected. The power battery and the drive motor C are electrically connected, and work and discharge under the control of the VCU to provide electrical energy to the drive motor C. The drive motor C converts the electrical energy into kinetic energy, and transmits the power to the AMT main box D and the AMT sub-box E through the mechanical structure such as the external spline meshing with the transmission input shaft 1. After deceleration and torque increase, it is transmitted to the wheels to drive the vehicle forward.

[0038] This application matches the single-motor hybrid system in series mode such as Figure 3 As shown, the working process is as follows: when the vehicle reaches the full load condition, the traditional internal combustion engine system and the motor drive system work in coordination at the same time. At this time, engine A drives, drive motor C drives, the power battery discharges, and the automatic clutch B combines to establish the mechanical connection between engine A and drive motor C. After the power generated by engine A and the power generated by drive motor C are coupled, the power is transmitted to the AMT main box D and AMT sub-box E through mechanical structures such as the external spline meshing with the transmission input shaft 1, driving the vehicle forward.

[0039] This application matches the single-motor hybrid system in energy recovery mode such as Figure 4 As shown, the working process is as follows: when the vehicle is decelerating and braking, the engine A is stopped or idling, the automatic clutch B is disengaged, the mechanical connection between the engine A and the drive motor C is disconnected, the power battery and the drive motor C are electrically connected, and the kinetic energy of the whole vehicle flows back to the drive motor C through the transmission system. The drive motor C generates electricity after receiving the kinetic energy and transmits electrical energy to the power battery for charging, thereby efficiently recovering the kinetic energy into electrical energy.

[0040] This application matches the single-motor hybrid system in the driving power generation mode, and the working process is as follows Figure 5 As shown, at this time, the engine drives, the clutch engages, the drive motor generates electricity, and the power battery is charged, and the engine drives the vehicle alone.

[0041] This application matches the single-motor hybrid system in engine mode, and the working process is as follows Figure 6 As shown, at this time, the engine is driven, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor is not working, the power battery is not working, the engine drives the vehicle alone, and the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point to ensure that the engine always works in the optimal economic zone, thereby improving fuel economy.

[0042] In the present application, a control method proposed based on a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission includes: when the vehicle is started and the power is high, the hybrid system is in a pure electric driving mode, at which time the engine is stopped, the clutch is disengaged, the power battery provides power, and the drive motor drives the vehicle alone, and the power is efficiently transmitted through the gear meshing with the input shaft of the transmission;

[0043] At low speed and light load conditions, the hybrid system is in driving power generation mode, in which the engine drives, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor generates electricity, the power battery is charged, and the engine alone drives the vehicle;

[0044] At medium and high speeds and high loads, the hybrid system is in engine mode, where the engine drives the vehicle, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor does not work, and the power battery does not work. The engine drives the vehicle alone, and the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point to ensure that the engine always works in the best economic zone, improving fuel economy.

[0045] Under full load conditions, the hybrid system is in series mode, where the engine drives, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor drives, and the power battery is discharged. The engine and the drive motor drive the vehicle in a hybrid manner. At the same time, the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point so that the engine works in the best economic zone, ensuring power while also improving fuel economy.

[0046] During braking and deceleration conditions, the hybrid system is in energy recovery mode. At this time, the engine is stopped or idling, the clutch is disengaged, the drive motor generates electricity, and the power battery is charged, efficiently recovering kinetic energy into electrical energy. At the same time, the motor increases torque, allowing a small horsepower engine to drive a high-torque gearbox, saving costs and reducing fuel consumption.

[0047] The hybrid power system described in the present application is a powertrain of a P2 hybrid configuration. By connecting the engine, clutch, drive motor and gearbox in series, it can achieve uninterrupted gear shifting during driving and improve the fuel economy of the whole vehicle. By selecting the working mode of the drive motor, engine and automatic mechanical transmission, different driving modes of the vehicle such as engine drive, motor drive, hybrid drive and energy recovery can be realized. The motor also plays a role of increasing torque. A high-torque gearbox can be driven by a low-horsepower engine, thereby achieving better power and economy, and meeting the market's requirements for energy conservation and carbon reduction due to increasingly serious environmental problems.

[0048] Each embodiment in this application is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment.

[0049] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the elements.

[0050] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission, characterized in that: The system includes: an engine, an automatic clutch, an electric motor and an automatic mechanical transmission connected in sequence; wherein the automatic mechanical transmission includes an input shaft and a transmission driving gear set, a main shaft and a main shaft gear set, a secondary shaft and a secondary shaft gear set, a planetary gear mechanism and an output shaft fixedly connected to the electric motor; the planetary gear mechanism includes a ring gear, a planetary gear, a planetary carrier and a sun gear; the electric motor is fixedly connected to the engine, the automatic clutch is loosely mounted on the input shaft, the electric motor is fixedly connected to the automatic mechanical transmission and power transmission is performed through the meshing of the external spline of the input shaft and the internal spline of the electric motor.

2. A single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system is a P2 hybrid configuration, including a pure electric mode and a series mode. In the pure electric mode, the vehicle is driven solely by the motor, and in the series mode, the vehicle is driven solely by the engine and the engine and generator are driven in combination to achieve energy recovery.

3. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic mechanical transmission includes a main box and a sub-box. The main box is provided with an input shaft, a main shaft, and two sets of sub-shafts. The main shaft is provided with a main shaft reverse gear, a main shaft first gear gear, a main shaft second gear gear, a main shaft third gear gear, a main shaft fourth gear gear, and a main shaft fifth gear gear in sequence; the main box sub-shaft is provided with two groups of gears with the same gear parameters, which are provided with a sub-shaft reverse gear, a sub-shaft first gear gear, a sub-shaft second gear gear, a sub-shaft third gear gear, a sub-shaft fourth gear gear, a sub-shaft fifth gear gear, and a sub-shaft transmission gear in sequence, and the inner holes of the gears are all in large interference fit with the sub-shaft and are positioned on the sub-shaft by cylindrical pins.

4. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The auxiliary box is provided with a planetary gear mechanism, and an auxiliary box synchronizer is provided on the planetary gear mechanism, and the auxiliary box high and low gear switching and power transmission are realized through the auxiliary box synchronizer.

5. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 3, characterized in that: The countershaft transmission gear, countershaft fifth gear gear, countershaft fourth gear gear, countershaft third gear gear, countershaft second gear gear and countershaft first gear gear are respectively meshed with the first shaft constant meshing gear, main shaft fifth gear gear, main shaft fourth gear gear, main shaft third gear gear, main shaft second gear gear and main shaft first gear gear, and different gear positions are switched through the fifth and sixth gear sliding sleeves, the third and fourth gear sliding sleeves and the first and second gear sliding sleeves to achieve power transmission with different speed ratios; the idler gear is respectively meshed with the countershaft reverse gear gear and the main shaft reverse gear, and a needle bearing is provided in the inner hole of the idler gear, and gear switching is achieved through the reverse gear sliding sleeve to achieve reverse gear power transmission.

6. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system engages or disengages the engine via a clutch to achieve switching between pure electric mode and series mode.

7. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system is connected to the engine flywheel housing through the motor housing, the engine and the motor are arranged on the same side of the gearbox housing, and the output end of the output shaft is arranged on the other side of the gearbox housing.

8. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system increases torque by an electric motor, thereby enabling a small horsepower engine to drive a high torque gearbox.

9. The single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the output shaft is connected to the input bevel gear on the wheel spindle through an output flange bolt.

10. A control method for a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission, applying a single-motor hybrid system based on an automatic mechanical transmission as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: When the vehicle is started and the battery level is high, the hybrid system is in pure electric driving mode. At this time, the engine is stopped, the clutch is disengaged, the power battery provides power, and the drive motor drives the vehicle alone, and the power is efficiently transmitted through the gear meshing with the gearbox input shaft; At low speed and light load conditions, the hybrid system is in driving power generation mode, in which the engine drives, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor generates electricity, the power battery is charged, and the engine alone drives the vehicle; At medium and high speeds and high loads, the hybrid system is in engine mode, where the engine drives the vehicle, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor does not work, and the power battery does not work. The engine drives the vehicle alone, and the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point to ensure that the engine always works in the best economic zone, improving fuel economy. Under full load conditions, the hybrid system is in series mode, where the engine drives, the clutch is engaged, the drive motor drives, and the power battery is discharged. The engine and the drive motor drive the vehicle in a hybrid manner. At the same time, the drive motor dynamically adjusts the engine operating point so that the engine works in the best economic zone, ensuring power while also improving fuel economy. During braking and deceleration, the hybrid system is in energy recovery mode, where the engine is stopped or idling, the clutch is disengaged, the drive motor generates electricity, and the power battery is charged, efficiently recovering kinetic energy into electrical energy. At the same time, the motor increases torque, which can enable a small horsepower engine to drive a high-torque gearbox, saving costs and reducing fuel consumption.

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