Method for grafting dendrobe to tea tree

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dendrobium planting, and particularly relates to a method for grafting dendrobium to a tea tree. According to the method, the dendrobium seedlings are fixed on the perennial tea tree trunks through the air-permeable material, the fixed positions are kept moist by spraying water every day, proper environment temperature and humidity are limited, the roots of dendrobium can be kept breathable and moist, and the survival rate of dendrobium is increased. In addition, the canopy layer of the tea tree can achieve the effects of sun shading in summer and heat preservation in winter. Results of the embodiment show that by means of the method, after grafting is conducted for three months, the survival rate of the dendrobium nobile is 100%, fresh leaves of tea trees can be picked in spring every year to be processed into famous high-quality tea, branches can be picked after the dendrobium nobile grows for three years to be processed into commercial dendrobium nobile, and double economic benefits are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dendrobium planting, and particularly relates to a method for grafting dendrobium onto tea trees. Background Art

[0002] Dendrobium is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Dendrobium in the Orchidaceae family. Its fresh or dried stems are used as medicine and it is an important bulk Chinese medicinal material. Dendrobium prefers a warm, humid, and cool environment and often grows on jungle trees or moist stones. Commercial Dendrobium initially relied on wild medicinal Dendrobium resources. As domestic and foreign demand gradually increased, wild Dendrobium resources were destroyed. In order to meet market demand, a large number of artificial plantings were promoted. At present, there are two main modes of Dendrobium cultivation: greenhouse simulated wild cultivation and live tree epiphytic cultivation. Among them, greenhouse simulated wild cultivation has high investment and complex management, and the quality of Dendrobium is difficult to match that of wild; while the technical requirements of live tree epiphytic cultivation are relatively high, requiring a lot of professional knowledge and experience from the grower, and the operation is complicated. It is difficult for ordinary farmers to master it, which is not conducive to large-scale promotion. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can achieve wild-simulation of Dendrobium, is easy to operate, and can be promoted on a large scale. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting dendrobium onto tea trees. By using the method, the survival rate of dendrobium is high, and the dendrobium and tea leaves can be collected simultaneously.

[0004] The present invention provides a method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Use breathable materials to fix the roots of the Dendrobium seedlings on the trunk of the perennial tea tree and spray water 1 to 2 times a day to keep the fixed position moist;

[0006] The culturing environment temperature is 20-30° C.; the culturing environment humidity is 60%-80%.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the perennial tea tree includes a 3-5 year old tea tree; the diameter of the trunk of the tea tree is ≥2 cm.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the height of the Dendrobium seedlings is 5 to 10 cm.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the dendrobium includes Dendrobium officinale.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the method further includes pruning the side branches of the perennial tea tree before fixing.

[0011] As a preferred solution, after the side branch pruning, 60% of the branches are retained in the crown of the tea tree.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the branches pruned for side branches are overcrowded branches and sick and weak branches.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the dendrobium is placed vertically with the root facing downward.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the culturing environment temperature is 22-28° C.; the culturing environment humidity is 65%-75%.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the breathable material includes one or more of rope, pure cotton bandage, gauze and mesh; the material of the mesh includes polyester fiber and nylon.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for grafting dendrobium onto tea trees, comprising the following steps: fixing the roots of dendrobium seedlings on the trunk of perennial tea trees with breathable materials for cultivation, spraying water 1 to 2 times a day to keep the fixed position moist; the environmental temperature of the cultivation is 20 to 30°C; the environmental humidity of the cultivation is 60% to 80%. The tea trees of the present invention have similar growth environments to dendrobium. The dendrobium seedlings are fixed on the trunk of perennial tea trees with breathable materials, and sprayed with water every day to limit the appropriate environmental temperature and humidity, so that the roots of dendrobium can be kept breathable and moist, thereby improving the survival rate of dendrobium. In addition, when the dendrobium seedlings are grafted onto tea trees, the canopy of the tea trees can achieve the effects of sunshade in summer and heat preservation in winter. The results of the embodiment show that, using the method of the present invention, the survival rate of dendrobium is 100% three months after grafting, and the fresh leaves of tea trees can be picked every spring and processed into famous and high-quality tea. After three years of growth, the branches of dendrobium can be picked and processed into commercial dendrobium, achieving double economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Dendrobium grafted 3 months after Example 1;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the white roots of Dendrobium officinale grafted 3 months after Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The invention provides a method for grafting dendrobium to tea trees, comprising the following steps: fixing the roots of dendrobium seedlings on the trunk of a perennial tea tree with an air permeable material for cultivation, spraying water 1-2 times a day to keep the fixed position moist; the environmental temperature of the cultivation is 20-30 DEG C; the environmental humidity of the cultivation is 60%-80%.

[0021] The present invention uses a breathable material to fix the roots of the dendrobium seedlings on the trunk of a perennial tea tree for cultivation. As an embodiment, the perennial tea tree is further subjected to lateral branch pruning before the fixation. As an embodiment, the crown of the tea tree retains 60% of the branches after the lateral branch pruning. As an embodiment, the branches pruned by the lateral branches are over-dense branches and weak branches. As an embodiment, the lateral branch pruning is performed when the metabolism of the tea tree is relatively slow; for example, in the evening, the photosynthesis of the tea tree gradually weakens, the metabolism slows down, and pruning can be performed. In the present invention, the light is strong in summer, and the canopy layer of the tea tree can block most of the direct light, avoid the dendrobium from being burned, and is conducive to the growth of the dendrobium; the temperature is low in winter, and the canopy layer of the tea tree can block the direct invasion of cold air, reduce the impact of cold air on the dendrobium, make the environmental temperature of the dendrobium relatively stable, and achieve the effect of heat preservation.

[0022] As an embodiment, the perennial tea tree includes a 3-5 year old tea tree; the diameter of the trunk of the tea tree is ≥2 cm. Tea trees are planted in a wide area, and grafting Dendrobium to tea trees can reduce the use of other ecological resources. In addition, the growth environment of Dendrobium and tea trees is similar, and subsequent management measures are simple. At the same time, the present invention can provide a suitable living space for Dendrobium by limiting the age and trunk diameter of perennial tea trees.

[0023] As an embodiment, the height of the dendrobium seedling is 5 to 10 cm. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the height of the dendrobium seedling can be any value between 5 and 10 cm. As an embodiment, the dendrobium includes dendrobium officinale. In the present invention, the 5 to 10 cm dendrobium seedling has a certain adaptability, can adapt to environmental changes, and is easy to operate and fix on the trunk of the tea tree. In addition, the root system of the dendrobium has developed and is fixed on the trunk of the perennial tea tree. The root system can smoothly enter the gap of the tea tree or attach to the bark surface.

[0024] As an implementation mode, the dendrobium is placed vertically with its roots facing downwards. When fixing the dendrobium seedlings, the present invention limits the dendrobium roots to face downwards, which is beneficial for the dendrobium to contact more nutrients on the surface of the tea tree, facilitate water absorption, stabilize the plant, and better adapt to the environment.

[0025] The present invention uses breathable materials to fix the roots of Dendrobium seedlings on the trunk of perennial tea trees for cultivation, and sprays water 1 to 2 times a day to keep the fixed position moist. As an embodiment, the breathable material includes one or more of a rope, a pure cotton bandage, a gauze and a mesh; the material of the mesh includes polyester fiber and nylon. The present invention uses breathable materials to fix Dendrobium, that is, directly ties the roots of Dendrobium to the trunk of the tea tree, which is simple and easy to operate, and can make the roots of Dendrobium breathable, which is conducive to the symbiosis of Dendrobium and tea trees. At the same time, the present invention sprays water 1 to 2 times a day at the fixed position of Dendrobium, which can keep the roots of Dendrobium moist, provide a suitable growth environment for Dendrobium, and is conducive to the growth of Dendrobium. As an embodiment, the fixed position can spray nutrient solution according to the growth of Dendrobium.

[0026] The environmental temperature of the culture of the present invention is 20-30°C; the environmental humidity of the culture is 60%-80%. As an embodiment, the environmental temperature of the culture is 22-28°C; the environmental humidity of the culture is 65%-75%. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the environmental temperature of the culture can be any value of 20-30°C; the environmental humidity of the culture can be any value of 65%-80%. Dendrobium likes warm and humid environment, which is similar to the growth environment of tea trees. The present invention can provide a suitable growth environment for Dendrobium and tea trees by limiting the suitable environmental temperature and humidity, which is conducive to the common growth of Dendrobium and tea trees, and realizes that one carrier produces two economic benefits, harvesting tea leaves and commercial Dendrobium.

[0027] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a method for grafting dendrobium onto tea trees provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] (1) Tea tree selection: Select perennial tea trees with thick trunks, that is, 3-year-old 'Longjing 43' tea trees.

[0030] (2) Selection of Dendrobium officinale: Select young and tender Dendrobium officinale with roots, with a plant height of 5 to 10 cm.

[0031] (3) Grafting method: A. In the evening, prune the side branches of the 3-year-old 'Longjing 43' tea tree in step (1), remove the weaker side branches, and only keep the strong side branches, the diameter of the retained side branches is 1-2 cm; the tea tree retains a smooth trunk, the crown retains 60% of the branches and leaves, and the crown height is ≥20 cm. B. Keep the young Dendrobium officinale in step (2) vertically, with the roots facing downward, and use ropes to completely tie its roots to the main trunk of the tea tree.

[0032] (4) Management after grafting: The grafted tea trees are placed in a greenhouse with a temperature of 25°C, a humidity of 75%, 16 h of light, and 8 h of darkness. Water is sprayed on the fixed part for 2 to 3 minutes every day to keep the fixed part moist for 3 weeks. The rest of the management is carried out according to normal tea tree management measures.

[0033] According to the above grafting method, Dendrobium was grafted onto 6 tea trees. The growth status of Dendrobium was observed three months after grafting. The results are as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the grafted Dendrobium officinale all grew white young roots and grew together with the tea trees. The survival rate of Dendrobium was 100%, the growth performance was good, and the leaves grew normally.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] (1) Tea tree selection: Select perennial tea trees with thick trunks, that is, 5-year-old 'Longjing 43' tea trees.

[0036] (2) Selection of Dendrobium: The procedure was carried out according to step (2) of Example 1.

[0037] (3) Grafting method: proceed according to step (3) of Example 1.

[0038] (4) Post-grafting management: follow the steps (4) of Example 1.

[0039] After grafting, the fresh leaves of the tea trees can be picked every spring and processed into high-quality tea. After three years of growth, the branches of the Dendrobium can be picked and processed into commercial Dendrobium, achieving double the economic benefits.

[0040] Comparative Example 1

[0041] A method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree similar to Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0042] (1) Tea tree selection: proceed according to step (1) of Example 1.

[0043] (2) Selection of Dendrobium: The procedure was carried out according to step (2) of Example 1.

[0044] (3) Grafting method: proceed according to step (3) of Example 1.

[0045] (4) Management after grafting: The operation was carried out in accordance with step (4) of Example 1, except that the greenhouse temperature was 10-20°C.

[0046] Observations 3 months after grafting revealed that the Dendrobium seedlings grew relatively slowly, their stems were poorly upright, and there were black spots on the leaves.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] A method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree similar to Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0049] (1) Tea tree selection: proceed according to step (1) of Example 1.

[0050] (2) Selection of Dendrobium: The procedure was carried out according to step (2) of Example 1.

[0051] (3) Grafting method: proceed according to step (3) of Example 1.

[0052] (4) Management after grafting: The operation was carried out in accordance with step (4) of Example 1, except that the greenhouse temperature was 30-40°C.

[0053] Three months after grafting, it was observed that although the growth of the Dendrobium seedlings was relatively slow, seedling burn had already occurred, with black spots on the leaves and wilting, suspected to be leaf blight.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] A method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree similar to Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0056] (1) Tea tree selection: proceed according to step (1) of Example 1.

[0057] (2) Selection of Dendrobium: The procedure was carried out according to step (2) of Example 1.

[0058] (3) Grafting method: proceed according to step (3) of Example 1.

[0059] (4) Management after grafting: The operation was carried out in accordance with step (4) of Example 1, except that the humidity in the greenhouse was lower than 40%.

[0060] Three months after grafting, it was observed that the Dendrobium officinale seedlings grew relatively slowly, the leaves were wilted and had reddish-brown spots, and the plants were suspected to be infected with anthracnose, with overall poor growth performance.

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] A method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree similar to Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0063] (1) Tea tree selection: proceed according to step (1) of Example 1.

[0064] (2) Selection of Dendrobium: The procedure was carried out according to step (2) of Example 1.

[0065] (3) Grafting method: proceed according to step (3) of Example 1.

[0066] (4) Management after grafting: The operation was carried out in accordance with step (4) of Example 1, except that the greenhouse humidity was controlled at 40% to 60%.

[0067] Observations 3 months after grafting revealed that the growth rate of the Dendrobium officinale seedlings was relatively slow, and the leaves were normal with a small amount of reddish-brown spots.

[0068] Comparative Example 5

[0069] A method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree similar to Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0070] (1) Tea tree selection: proceed according to step (1) of Example 1.

[0071] (2) Selection of Dendrobium: The procedure was carried out according to step (2) of Example 1.

[0072] (3) Grafting method: proceed according to step (3) of Example 1.

[0073] (4) Management after grafting: The operation was carried out in accordance with step (4) of Example 1, except that the humidity in the greenhouse exceeded 80%.

[0074] Observation 3 months after grafting revealed that the Dendrobium grew faster, the nodes were normal, the stems were thicker, and the leaves were normal, but there were a few reddish-brown spots on the leaves.

[0075] In summary, by using the method of the present invention, the survival rate of dendrobium is 100% three months after grafting, and fresh leaves of tea trees can be picked every spring to be processed into high-quality tea. After three years of growth, branches of dendrobium can be picked and processed into commercial dendrobium, achieving double economic benefits.

[0076] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for grafting dendrobium onto tea tree, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Use breathable materials to fix the roots of the Dendrobium seedlings on the trunk of the perennial tea tree and spray water 1 to 2 times a day to keep the fixed position moist; The culturing environment temperature is 20-30° C.; the culturing environment humidity is 60%-80%.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The perennial tea tree includes a 3-5 year old tea tree; the diameter of the trunk of the tea tree is ≥2 cm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The height of the dendrobium seedling is 5 to 10 cm.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dendrobium includes Dendrobium officinale.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes pruning the side branches of the perennial tea tree before fixing.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that After the side branch pruning, 60% of the branches are retained in the crown of the tea tree.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The branches that are pruned for side branches are overcrowded branches and sick and weak branches.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The dendrobium is placed vertically with the root facing downward.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental temperature of the culture is 22-28° C.; the environmental humidity of the culture is 65%-75%.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The breathable material includes one or more of rope, pure cotton bandage, gauze and mesh; the material of the mesh includes polyester fiber and nylon.

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