High-voltage pulse electro-hydraulic rock breaking device

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage pulse liquid electric rock breaking device, which relates to the technical field of well drilling, and comprises a main body structure comprising transformer oil, and an insulating cylinder, a cylinder body and a drill rod which are connected in sequence, the top of the cylinder body is open, the top of the cylinder body is in threaded connection with the bottom end of the insulating cylinder, and a cavity is formed between the bottom end of the insulating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder body; the transformer oil is filled in the cavity; the first high-voltage electrode stem is vertically arranged in the insulating cylinder in a penetrating manner, and the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode stem extends into the cavity; the second high-voltage electrode rod is sleeved with the drill rod, the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod extends into the cavity, the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod is connected with a drill bit, the drill bit extends out of the drill rod, and the second high-voltage electrode rod and the first high-voltage electrode rod are connected into a homopolar high-voltage power source. The method has the advantages that the uniformity of electric field distribution is improved, and the problem of electric field distortion is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drilling, and particularly to a high-pressure pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device. Background Art

[0002] The high-pressure pulsed discharge rock-breaking technology is an emerging technology in recent decades. This technology uses a high-voltage pulsed power supply to generate electrical energy and convert this energy into various forms of energy such as mechanical energy. Complex stress waves will be generated in the insulating medium to break hard rocks. It has the advantages of safety, high efficiency, environmental protection, controllability, low cost, etc., and is widely used in mining, deep drilling, oil exploration, geothermal development and other fields. Due to its unique advantages, the high-pressure pulsed discharge rock-breaking technology is gradually moving towards industrial application and is expected to be popularized in more fields in the future.

[0003] Conventionally, rock-breaking generally adopts the mechanical method, which has the disadvantages of high energy consumption, low efficiency, poor safety, etc. The high-pressure pulsed discharge rock-breaking technology generates shock waves through instantaneous discharge of a high-voltage pulsed power supply in a liquid medium to achieve rock-breaking. Compared with the traditional mechanical rock-breaking technology, it has the advantages of concentrated energy and no mechanical wear. Existing high-pressure pulsed rock-breaking devices usually adopt an integrated long-electrode structure system. Although this structural design can achieve the effect of assisting rock-breaking, there are still significant defects, mainly manifested in that this design will form an electric field distortion at the electrode end or the structural mutation during high-pressure pulse loading, resulting in uneven electric field distribution. At the same time, the discharge energy is concentrated in a local area, which is prone to cause insulation breakdown or energy dispersion. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a high-pressure pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device, which improves the uniformity of the electric field distribution and avoids the problem of electric field distortion.

[0005] The present invention provides a high-pressure pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device, comprising: A main body structure, including transformer oil and an insulating cylinder, a cylinder body and a drill pipe connected in sequence. The top of the cylinder body is open, the top of the cylinder body is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating cylinder, and a cavity is formed between the bottom end of the insulating cylinder and the inner wall of the cylinder body. The transformer oil is filled in the cavity; A first high-voltage electrode rod, vertically penetrating through the insulating cylinder, and the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod extends into the cavity; The second high-voltage electrode rod is sleeved inside the drill rod. The top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod extends into the cavity. A drill bit is connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod, and the drill bit extends outside the drill rod. The second high-voltage electrode rod and the first high-voltage electrode rod are connected to the same-polarity high-voltage power supply. The same-polarity charges accumulated on the surfaces of the second high-voltage electrode rod and the first high-voltage electrode rod generate a Coulomb repulsion force, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil and generating a resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. The bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod are in uniform contact with the transformer oil, forming a symmetric electric field line distribution, avoiding electric field distortion and making the electric field evenly distributed.

[0006] Preferably, a first insulating tube is sleeved around the circumference of the first high-voltage electrode rod. The bottom end of the first insulating tube is flush with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod, and the top end of the first insulating tube is located inside the insulating cylinder. A second insulating tube is sleeved around the circumference of the second high-voltage electrode rod. A first fixing nut is threadedly connected to the first insulating tube, and the first fixing nut is used to fix the first insulating tube. A second fixing nut is threadedly connected to the second insulating tube, and the second fixing nut is used to fix the second insulating tube.

[0007] Preferably, the second insulating tube includes two sections, and there is a gap between the two sections of the second insulating tube. The top end of one section of the second insulating tube is flush with the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod, and the bottom end of the other section of the second insulating tube is flush with the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod. It also includes a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece with the same structure. The first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are made of conductive materials. The first connecting piece is arranged at the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod. A through hole is opened on the side wall of the drill rod. The second connecting piece is inserted through the through hole and connected to the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod. The second connecting piece is located between the two sections of the second insulating tube. The first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are connected to the same-polarity high-voltage power supply.

[0008] Preferably, a piston is sleeved at the bottom end of the first insulating tube. The bottom end of the piston is located inside the cavity. The piston is conical, and the diameter of the bottom end of the piston is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the piston. The piston is made of insulating material.

[0009] Preferably, a second sleeve is erected inside the insulating cylinder. The second sleeve is sleeved around the circumference of the first insulating tube, and the second sleeve is made of insulating material.

[0010] Preferably, it further includes: A pre-tightening nut, which is threadedly connected to the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod, and the pre-tightening nut is located below the first connecting piece; The first sleeve is inserted into the insulating cylinder, and the first sleeve is fixed to the insulating cylinder. The first sleeve is sleeved around the circumference of the first high-voltage electrode rod. The first sleeve is made of insulating material, and the bottom end of the pre-tightening nut is used to abut against the top end of the first sleeve. The support plate is horizontally installed in the insulating cylinder. The support plate is located above the first fixing nut. The support plate is sleeved and fixed around the circumference of the first sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes: The spring is located in the insulating cylinder. The spring is sleeved on the first sleeve. The top end of the spring is fixed to the inner top wall of the insulating cylinder, and the bottom end of the spring is fixed to the support plate.

[0012] Preferably, the top end of the drill bit is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device, and its beneficial effects are: The first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod of the present device respectively extend into the cavity from the upper and lower ends, forming a symmetric electric field line distribution, avoiding the common electric field distortion problem of the traditional single-electrode system, and the electrodes of the first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod are in uniform contact with the oil at the same time, further improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. This design significantly reduces the risk of partial discharge compared with traditional equipment and improves the energy utilization efficiency. The first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod of the present device are also connected to the same-polarity high-voltage power supply. The like-polarity charges accumulated on the electrode surfaces generate a strong Coulomb repulsion force, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil medium, which can generate an efficient resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. When the shock wave frequency is close to or consistent with the natural frequency of the cavity, an axial standing wave resonance is formed to assist in rock breaking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the insulating conduction unit of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling unit of the present invention.

[0016] Meanings of each label in the figure: 11 - first high-voltage electrode rod, 12 - second high-voltage electrode rod, 2 - insulating conduction unit, 21 - pre-tightening nut, 22 - first sleeve, 23 - top cover, 24 - spring, 25 - insulating cylinder, 26 - support plate, 27 - first fixing nut, 28 - first insulating tube, 29 - second sleeve, 210 - bottom cover, 211 - piston, 3 - cavity unit, 31 - gasket, 32 - cavity, 33 - cylinder body, 4 - drill pipe, 42 - second insulating tube, 43 - insulating rubber tube, 44 - first connecting piece, 5 - drill bit, 6 - reaming bit. Specific Embodiment

[0017] The following combines the drawings to describe a specific embodiment of the present invention in detail, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiment.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific situations.

[0020] In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more than two. The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as implying or indicating relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0021] Embodiment 1 The embodiment of the present invention provides a high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device as Figure 1As shown, it includes: a first high-voltage electrode rod 11, an insulating conduction unit 2, a cavity unit 3, a second high-voltage electrode rod 12, and a drilling unit. The insulating conduction unit 2, the cavity unit 3, and the drilling unit form the main structure. The top of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is used to connect to an external high-voltage power supply, which is used to supply high-voltage electricity to the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The external high-voltage power supply can be provided by a high-voltage DC power supply combined with a pulse modulation module (such as a thyristor or a spark gap switch). According to the different hardness of the rock, the adjustable voltage range is 20V to 200V; such as Figure 2As shown in the figure, the insulation conduction unit 2 includes an insulating cylinder 25, a top cover 23 and a bottom cover 210 made of insulating materials. The top cover 23 is arranged at the top end of the insulating cylinder 25, and the bottom cover 210 is arranged at the bottom end of the insulating cylinder 25. The insulating cylinder 25 is a hollow cylinder, and both ends of the insulating cylinder 25 are closed by the top cover 23 and the bottom cover 210. The first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is inserted into the insulating cylinder 25 to prevent the electricity conducted on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 from leaking, and at the same time, it can also support and protect the first high-voltage electrode rod 11; the cavity unit 3 includes a cylinder body 33 and a gasket 31. The top of the cylinder body 33 is open, and the cylinder body 33 is threadedly connected to the bottom cover 210. The inner wall of the top of the cylinder body 33 is provided with internal threads. The cross-sectional view of the bottom cover 210 is U-shaped, that is, the circumference of the bottom cover 210 extends a part towards the top of the insulating cylinder 25, and external threads matching the internal threads of the cylinder body 33 are provided on the extended circumference. A cavity 32 is formed inside the cylinder body 33 and at the bottom of the bottom cover 210. The bottom cover 210 can block the top of the cylinder body 33. The bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is located inside the cavity 32. The cavity 32 is filled with transformer oil. The function of the transformer oil is to serve as an insulating medium and a discharge medium, providing a stable insulating environment during the high-voltage pulse discharge process. At the same time, when it is broken down by the high-voltage pulse, a strong liquid-electric effect is generated, converting electrical energy into a mechanical shock wave acting on the rock; in addition, the transformer oil can also evenly distribute the electric field, cool the electrodes, suppress the arc, and protect the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 from corrosion through its chemical stability, thereby ensuring the stability of the discharge process and the rock-breaking efficiency. The gasket 31 is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cover 210. The top of the cylinder body 33 can be sealed through the gasket 31, that is, the cavity 32 is sealed to avoid affecting the effect of the high-voltage pulse discharge. The gasket 31 can be made of a rubber gasket; the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is vertically inserted through the bottom of the cylinder body 33, and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is located inside the cavity 32. A high-voltage power supply of the same polarity as the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 is connected to the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. The same polarity repels each other to generate a high-efficiency resonance impact force, which can assist in rock-breaking; the drilling unit includes a drill rod 4 and a drill bit 5. The drill rod 4 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body 33. The drill rod 4 is a hollow structure. The second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is sleeved inside the drill rod 4, and the drill bit 5 is arranged at the bottom of the drill rod 4. In this embodiment, the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 both extend into the transformer oil inside the cavity 32 and are in full contact with the transformer oil, which can ensure that the electrode rods can effectively perform the discharge operation, and the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 do not contact each other, which can improve the discharge efficiency and avoid unnecessary short-circuit risks, keeping the distance between the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 as large as possible. This design not only optimizes the distribution of the electric field but also enhances the stability of the discharge process.The device optimizes the electric field distribution by setting the design of double-section high-voltage electrode rods, improving the discharge uniformity and energy utilization rate. At the same time, the drill rod 4 is an integrated hollow structure design, which shortens the conduction path and reduces energy loss, adapting to narrow working environments. These improvements significantly enhance the rock-breaking efficiency, equipment life, and operation safety. Among them, the high-voltage electrode rod is the core main part of the discharge system. In this embodiment, the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 are made of copper with high electrical conductivity and good processing performance. The copper metal rod not only has good electrical conductivity and can effectively conduct high-voltage current, but also has high mechanical strength and strong corrosion resistance, and can maintain long-term stable operation in harsh working environments. In addition, the electrode rod made of copper can withstand high temperatures during the discharge process and is not easily oxidized, thus ensuring the service life of the electrode rod and the reliable operation of the entire system. The first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 of this device extend into the cavity 32 from the upper and lower ends respectively, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution, avoiding the common electric field distortion problem of the traditional single-electrode system. At the same time, the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 are of the same size, ensuring the simultaneous and uniform contact of the two electrodes with the oil, further improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. This design significantly reduces the risk of partial discharge and improves the energy utilization efficiency compared with traditional equipment. The first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 of this device are also connected to the same-polarity high-voltage power supply. The like-polarity charges accumulated on the electrode surface generate a strong Coulomb repulsion force, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil medium, which can generate an efficient resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. When the shock wave frequency is close to or consistent with the natural frequency of the cavity (referring to the specific resonance frequency determined by the physical structure of the cavity 32 when it is excited by a high-voltage pulse discharge), an axial standing wave resonance is formed. This resonance effect realizes an efficient conversion path from electrical energy → charge potential energy → mechanical energy → shock wave kinetic energy → resonance energy → rock-breaking work. The axial standing wave refers to a stable wave state formed by the superposition of the shock wave generated by the like-polarity high-voltage electrode and its reflected wave in the axial direction in the cavity 32 of this device. This waveform generates a pressure amplification effect at a specific position (wave crest), concentrating and enhancing the shock wave energy.

[0022] Furthermore, a first insulating tube 28 is circumferentially sleeved on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The bottom end of the first insulating tube 28 is flush with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and the top end of the first insulating tube 28 is located inside the insulating cylinder 25. A second insulating tube 42 is circumferentially sleeved on the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. A first fixing nut 27 is threadedly connected to the first insulating tube 28, and the first fixing nut 27 is used to fix the first insulating tube 28. A second fixing nut is threadedly connected to the second insulating tube 42, and the second fixing nut is used to fix the second insulating tube 42. By circumferentially sleeving insulating tubes on both the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, the high-voltage electrode rods can be effectively isolated from the external environment, preventing the electrode rod body from discharging during operation, thereby avoiding affecting the breakdown and crushing effect, and ensuring that the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 can exert their best performance under safe and stable working conditions. In this embodiment, the first insulating tube 28 and the second insulating tube 42 are selected to use an acrylic glass tube with excellent insulating properties as the insulator material. The acrylic glass tube not only has good electrical insulation and can withstand the electric field in a high-voltage environment, facilitating monitoring and maintenance. In addition, the acrylic glass tube has strong chemical stability, is corrosion-resistant, and is not easily eroded by the transformer oil in the cavity 32, increasing the service life. Moreover, the first insulating tube 28 and the second insulating tube 42 adopt a circular tube structure. This circular tube design is not only beautiful and generous but also has a uniform wall thickness, which can provide a uniform electric field distribution, reducing the risk of partial discharge. The circular tube structure is also convenient for installation and fixation, providing stable support for the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, ensuring the correct positions of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 in the cavity 32. At the same time, the shape of the circular tube also helps prevent the deposition of impurities in the liquid cavity, reducing the workload of cleaning and maintenance. In addition, the first insulating tube 28 and the second insulating tube 42 can also be selected from two materials: polytetrafluoroethylene or alumina ceramic. 1. Polytetrafluoroethylene, characteristics: high dielectric strength, about 60 kV / mm, strong chemical corrosion resistance, wide temperature resistance range, -200°C to 260°C, low friction coefficient, easy to be processed into a tubular structure, applicable scenarios: suitable for environments with high requirements for insulation performance and corrosion resistance, and suitable for complex-shaped insulating components. 2. Alumina ceramic, characteristics: extremely high dielectric strength, about 15 kV / mm - 20 kV / mm, high temperature resistance, long-term use temperature can reach 1600°C, high mechanical strength, strong anti-electric breakdown ability, applicable scenarios: suitable for high-voltage and high-temperature environments, especially for occasions requiring long-term stability and high mechanical support. The above two materials both belong to high-dielectric-strength insulating materials, significantly enhancing the high-voltage and high-temperature resistance performance.

[0023] Further, the second insulating tube 42 includes two sections, which are spaced apart from each other. The two sections of the second insulating tube 42 are fixed by two second fixing nuts. The side wall of a part of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 between the two sections is exposed. The top end of one section of the second insulating tube 42 is flush with the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12, and the bottom end of the other section of the second insulating tube 42 is flush with the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. Only a small section of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is exposed in the middle. It also includes a first connecting member 44 and a second connecting member with the same structure. Both the first connecting member 44 and the second connecting member are made of conductive materials. In this embodiment, the first connecting member 44 and the second connecting member are metal nuts, or other metal connecting members. The metal is selected from materials with good electrical conductivity such as aluminum and copper. The first connecting member 44 is arranged at the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. A through hole is formed in the side wall of the drill rod 4. The second connecting member is inserted into the through hole and connected to the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. The second connecting member is located between the two sections of the second insulating tube 42, that is, the second connecting member is located on the exposed part of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. And as Figure 3 shown, an insulating rubber tube 43 is provided at the through hole for insulation protection. The first connecting member 44 and the second connecting member are connected to the same-pole high-voltage power supply. Among them, when the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the wire can be directly connected to the first connecting member 44. When the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is connected to the high-voltage power supply, the wire passes through the insulating rubber tube 43 and is connected to the second connecting member. In this embodiment, the high-voltage power supply can be respectively connected to the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 through the first connecting member 44 and the second connecting member made of conductive materials.

[0024] Further, a second sleeve 29 is installed in the insulating cylinder 25. The second sleeve 29 is sleeved on the circumference of the first insulating tube 28. The second sleeve 29 is made of insulating materials. The second sleeve 29 provides mechanical protection and insulation enhancement. In this embodiment, setting the second sleeve 29 has three functions: 1. Provide a double insulation barrier: The first insulating tube 28 solves the basic insulation problem, while the second sleeve 29 forms a redundant insulation structure, which can effectively cope with the local electric field distortion that may occur during high-voltage discharge. 2. Mechanical stress dispersion: A transition support is formed between the fixed point of the support plate 26 and the movable end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and the impact vibration energy is dispersed and conducted through the second sleeve 29. 3. Thermal management assistance: The air sandwich structure of the second sleeve 29 can improve the heat dissipation path of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and avoid local overheating of the insulating material.

[0025] As Figure 1 、 Figure 3As shown in the figure, further, a piston 211 is sleeved at the bottom end of the first insulating tube 28. The bottom end of the piston 211 is located inside the cavity 32. The piston 211 is conical, and the diameter of the bottom end of the piston 211 is smaller than that of the top end of the piston 211. The piston 211 is made of insulating material. In this embodiment, the piston 211 is made of nylon material. There are three functions of setting the conical piston 211. First, the conical surface decomposes the axial compressive stress into normal and tangential components, effectively reducing the contact surface compressive stress (compared with plane contact), and avoiding creep failure of the nylon material due to local yield. Second, the conical surface at the bottom of the piston 211 reduces the electric field strength gradient, avoiding the tip discharge phenomenon. Third, the effective sealing area of the conical contact is increased compared with the plane contact. When the interference amount is 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm, the contact pressure reaches 8 MPa to 12 MPa, meeting the sealing requirements.

[0026] Further, the drill bit 5 is inserted through the bottom of the drill pipe 4, and the top end of the drill bit 5 is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12. The connection between the drill bit 5 and the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod 12 is to transmit the impact generated by the high-voltage pulse to the drill bit 5, and use the shock wave generated by the electrode rod to assist the drill bit 5 in rock breaking.

[0027] Further, it further includes: a reaming bit 6, and the reaming bit 6 is arranged at the bottom of the drill pipe 4 to assist the drill bit 5 in rock breaking.

[0028] Embodiment 2 As a further improved solution based on Embodiment 1, further, it further includes: a pre-tightening nut 21, a first sleeve 22, and a support plate 26. The pre-tightening nut 21 is threadedly connected to the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and the pre-tightening nut 21 is located below the first connecting member 44; the first sleeve 22 is inserted through the insulating cylinder 25, and the first sleeve 22 is fixed to the insulating cylinder 25. The first sleeve 22 is sleeved around the first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and there is a gap between the inner wall of the first sleeve 22 and the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The first sleeve 22 is made of insulating material, and the bottom end of the pre-tightening nut 21 is used to abut against the top end of the first sleeve 22; the support plate 26 is horizontally mounted inside the insulating cylinder 25. The support plate 26 is located above the first fixing nut 27. The support plate 26 is sleeved and fixed around the first sleeve 22. There is a small sleeve in the middle of the hole of the support plate 26, and this small sleeve is sleeved at the bottom end of the first sleeve 22. In this embodiment, on the one hand, the upper part of the first sleeve 22 is fixed to the top cover 23 on the insulating cylinder 25, and on the other hand, the bottom end is fixed to the inner wall of the insulating cylinder 25 through the support plate 26. By setting the pre-tightening nut 21 to rotate downward on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 until it abuts against the top of the first sleeve 22, the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 can be fixed, ensuring good contact between the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the upper high-voltage power supply system, and ensuring the axial positioning accuracy of the electrode rod through the multi-pole nested positioning structure.

[0029] Further, it further includes: A spring 24 is located inside an insulating cylinder 25. The spring 24 is sleeved on a first sleeve 22. The top end of the spring 24 is fixed to the inner top wall of the insulating cylinder 25, and the bottom end of the spring 24 is fixed to a support plate 26. There are two functions of setting the spring 24. One is axial pre-tightening force maintenance and dynamic adjustment. The spring 24 generates a continuous axial force through a pre-compressed state. This force is transmitted to the first sleeve 22 and the pre-tightening nut 21 through the support plate 26, forming an axial constraint on the first high-voltage electrode rod 11. The bottom end of the spring 24 is fixed to the support plate 26, and the top end is fixed to the top wall of the insulating cylinder 25, forming a closed-loop force transmission path. When the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 generates a micron-level axial displacement due to discharge shock, the spring compensates for the displacement amount in real time through elastic deformation. The second is multi-directional vibration suppression and energy dissipation. The stiffness coefficient of the spring 24 matches the natural frequency of the system. When the main frequency vibration generated by high-voltage pulsed discharge is transmitted to the spring 24 through the support plate 26, the spring 24 dissipates the vibration energy through high-frequency small deformations. The clearance fit between the spring 24 and the first sleeve 22 forms a radial constraint, restricting the lateral swing of the support plate 26 and ensuring the coaxiality of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 and the first insulating tube 28. The pre-tightening force of the spring 24 is transmitted through the path of support plate 26 → first sleeve 22 → pre-tightening nut 21 → first high-voltage electrode rod 11, and finally converted into the contact pressure of the gasket 31. During assembly, the spring 24 is compressed to a preset stroke by rotating the pre-tightening nut 21. This pre-tightening force keeps the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 at an accurate distance from the bottom of the cavity 32 and ensures the compression amount of the gasket 31 at the same time. When a high-voltage pulse triggers a liquid-electric resonance and generates a shock wave pressure peak. The shock wave is transmitted to the piston 211 through the transformer oil, pushing the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 to generate an upward displacement. In this process, the spring 24: In the first stage: The spring 24 transmits the impact in a wave form. Since the mass of the spring 24 is much smaller than the system mass, it mainly plays a rigid connection role. In the second stage: The spring 24 enters dynamic response, dissipates energy through damped vibration, and limits the displacement of the first high-voltage electrode rod 11 within 0.2 mm. Through precise mechanical design, the spring 24 realizes multiple functions such as vibration suppression and deformation compensation, ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the high-voltage pulse rock-breaking device.

[0030] Among them, the other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1, only an optimization is made to Embodiment 1.

[0031] The advantages of the present invention are as follows. The first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod of the device extend into the cavity from the upper and lower ends respectively, forming a symmetrical electric field line distribution, avoiding the common electric field distortion problem of the traditional single-electrode system. Moreover, the electrodes of the first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod are in uniform contact with the oil at the same time, further improving the uniformity of the electric field distribution. This design significantly reduces the risk of partial discharge compared with traditional equipment and improves the energy utilization efficiency. The first high-voltage electrode rod and the second high-voltage electrode rod of the device are also connected to the high-voltage power supply of the same polarity. The like-polarity charges accumulated on the electrode surface generate a strong Coulomb repulsive force, forming an initial shock wave in the transformer oil medium, which can generate an efficient resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking. When the shock wave frequency matches the natural frequency of the cavity, an axial standing wave resonance is formed to assist in rock breaking.

[0032] The above-disclosed are only several specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device, characterized in that, Comprising: A main body structure, including transformer oil and an insulating cylinder (25), a cylinder body (33) and a drill pipe (4) connected in sequence. The top of the cylinder body (33) is open, the top of the cylinder body (33) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the insulating cylinder (25), a cavity (32) is formed between the bottom end of the insulating cylinder (25) and the inner wall of the cylinder body (33), and the transformer oil is filled in the cavity (32); A first high-voltage electrode rod (11) vertically penetrating through the insulating cylinder (25), and the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) extends into the cavity (32); A second high-voltage electrode rod (12) sleeved inside the drill pipe (4), the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) extends into the cavity (32), a drill bit (5) is connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12), the drill bit (5) extends outside the drill pipe (4), the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) and the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) are connected to the same-polarity high-voltage power supply, and the like-polarity charges accumulated on the surfaces of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) and the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) generate a Coulomb repulsion force to form an initial shock wave in the transformer oil, generating a resonant impact force to assist in rock breaking; The bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11) and the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12) are in uniform contact with the transformer oil, forming a symmetric electric field line distribution, avoiding electric field distortion and at the same time making the electric field evenly distributed.

2. The high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 1, wherein A first insulating pipe (28) is sleeved circumferentially on the first high-voltage electrode rod (11), the bottom end of the first insulating pipe (28) is flush with the bottom end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11), the top end of the first insulating pipe (28) is located inside the insulating cylinder (25), a second insulating pipe (42) is sleeved circumferentially on the second high-voltage electrode rod (12), a first fixing nut (27) is threadedly connected to the first insulating pipe (28), and the first fixing nut (27) is used to fix the first insulating pipe (28), and a second fixing nut is threadedly connected to the second insulating pipe (42), and the second fixing nut is used to fix the second insulating pipe (42).

3. The high-voltage pulse liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second insulating pipe (42) includes two sections, and the two sections of the second insulating pipe (42) are spaced apart. The top end of one section of the second insulating pipe (42) is flush with the top end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12), and the bottom end of the other section of the second insulating pipe (42) is flush with the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12). It also includes a first connecting member (44) and a second connecting member with the same structure. The first connecting member (44) and the second connecting member are made of conductive materials. The first connecting member (44) is arranged at the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11), a through hole is formed in the side wall of the drill pipe (4), the second connecting member penetrates through the through hole and is connected to the side wall of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12), the second connecting member is located between the two sections of the second insulating pipe (42), and the first connecting member (44) and the second connecting member are connected to the same-polarity high-voltage power supply.

4. A high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A piston (211) is sleeved on the bottom end of the first insulating tube (28). The bottom end of the piston (211) is located within the cavity (32). The piston (211) is conical, and the diameter of the bottom end of the piston (211) is smaller than the diameter of the top end of the piston (211). The piston (211) is made of insulating material.

5. The high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 2, wherein, A second sleeve tube (29) is installed within the insulating cylinder (25). The second sleeve tube (29) is sleeved around the circumference of the first insulating tube (28). The second sleeve tube (29) is made of insulating material.

6. The high-voltage pulse liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Further included are: A pre-tightening nut (21) is threadedly connected to the top end of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11). The pre-tightening nut (21) is located below the first connecting member (44). A first sleeve tube (22) is inserted through the insulating cylinder (25), and the first sleeve tube (22) is fixed to the insulating cylinder (25). The first sleeve tube (22) is sleeved around the circumference of the first high-voltage electrode rod (11). The first sleeve tube (22) is made of insulating material. The bottom end of the pre-tightening nut (21) is used to abut against the top end of the first sleeve tube (22). A support plate (26) is horizontally installed within the insulating cylinder (25). The support plate (26) is located above the first fixing nut (27). The support plate (26) is fixedly sleeved around the circumference of the first sleeve tube (22).

7. A high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Further included are: A spring (24) is located within the insulating cylinder (25). The spring (24) is sleeved on the first sleeve tube (22). The top end of the spring (24) is fixed to the inner top wall of the insulating cylinder (25), and the bottom end of the spring (24) is fixed to the support plate (26).

8. A high-voltage pulsed liquid-electric rock-breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top end of the drill bit (5) is threadedly connected to the bottom end of the second high-voltage electrode rod (12).

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