Movable formwork for pouring construction of pollution intercepting main pipe protection layer and construction method of movable formwork

Abstract

The invention discloses a movable formwork for pouring construction of a pollution intercepting main pipe protection layer and a construction method. The movable formwork comprises two sets of formwork assemblies arranged oppositely and a connecting structure connected between the two sets of formwork assemblies. The formwork assembly comprises a formwork body, a plurality of walking wheels arranged at the bottom of the formwork body in a controlled lifting mode and a plurality of telescopic supporting rods hinged to the back face of the formwork body, and the telescopic supporting rods are used for supporting the back face of the formwork body when the formwork assembly is used. According to the movable formwork for pouring construction of the pollution intercepting main pipe protection layer and the construction method of the movable formwork, the formwork is moved through the walking wheels, formwork supporting is completed through the telescopic supporting rods, frequent formwork dismounting and mounting and calling of large hoisting equipment are not needed, the construction efficiency is remarkably improved, the construction cost is reduced, and the construction period is shortened. Meanwhile, the construction precision and adaptability are guaranteed, and the influence on traffic around a construction area is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of municipal engineering pipeline construction, and in particular to a movable formwork for pouring a protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Sewage interception mains in municipal engineering projects are core components of urban sewage interception systems, fulfilling the crucial function of collecting and transporting domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, and initial rainwater. These pipes are typically laid underground along the sides of urban roads, and their structural safety is directly linked to the effectiveness of protecting the urban water environment. In actual projects, the main structures of sewage interception mains are prone to structural damage due to the long-term earth pressure transmitted by road traffic loads. Therefore, a concrete protective layer is poured around the pipes to enhance their load-bearing capacity.

[0003] Traditional construction methods utilize a fixed formwork support system, which presents significant technical limitations. First, the formwork assembly, disassembly, and transfer process relies entirely on lifting equipment. Each completed section requires a crane to transfer the formwork, resulting in high equipment costs and frequent interruptions to the construction process. Second, when constructing on roads already open to traffic, the long-term use of large lifting equipment on the road can severely disrupt normal traffic flow and increase the social costs of municipal construction. Furthermore, the formwork support accuracy of fixed formwork is difficult to control, often resulting in uneven protective layer thickness, which impacts structural durability. Furthermore, the traditional formwork support system is difficult to adjust and adapt to the construction requirements of varying pipe diameters, resulting in low construction efficiency. The average formwork support time per work surface can reach 8-12 hours, severely impacting the overall project progress.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the existing technology is in urgent need of improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a movable formwork and construction method for pouring the protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe, which has the advantages of improving construction efficiency, reducing construction costs, enhancing construction accuracy and adaptability, and reducing the impact on traffic around the construction area.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe, comprising two sets of formwork assemblies arranged relatively to each other and a connecting structure connected between the two sets of formwork assemblies; the formwork assembly comprises a formwork body, a plurality of walking wheels that can be manipulated to rise and fall and are arranged at the bottom of the formwork body, and a plurality of retractable support rods respectively hinged to the back of the formwork body, wherein the retractable support rods are used to complete the back support of the formwork body when in use.

[0007] Furthermore, the template body includes a vertical template arranged vertically and a support plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical template and arranged horizontally.

[0008] Furthermore, the connection structure includes a plurality of groups of tensioning screws arranged along the length direction of the sewage interception main pipe, and both ends of the tensioning screws are fixedly connected to the vertical formwork on the corresponding side.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of groups of reinforcing ribs are fixedly provided on the back of the vertical template along the length direction of the sewage interception main pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the telescopic support rod includes a threaded sleeve hinged to the back of the vertical template and a threaded rod threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve.

[0011] Furthermore, the support plate is provided with a height-adjusting rod that can be raised and lowered, and the walking wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the height-adjusting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the vertical formwork and the support plate are both steel plates, and the vertical formwork and the support plate are welded and fixed.

[0013] Furthermore, a jack is provided on the support plate, and the lifting end of the jack is arranged downward.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of lifting lugs are provided on the top of the vertical formwork.

[0015] A construction method for pouring a protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe is provided, which uses the movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe as described above to complete the pouring construction of the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe provided by the present invention and the construction method thereof realize the movement of the formwork by means of walking wheels and complete the formwork support by means of retractable support rods. There is no need for frequent disassembly and assembly of the formwork and the call for large-scale lifting equipment, which significantly improves construction efficiency and reduces construction costs, while ensuring construction accuracy and adaptability and reducing the impact on traffic around the construction area.

[0018] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of an embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axonometric structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure numerals: 1-protective layer; 2-sewage intercepting main pipe; 3-vertical formwork; 4-support plate; 5-tension screw; 6-traveling wheel; 7-height adjustment rod; 8-jack; 9-telescopic support rod; 901-threaded sleeve 901; 902-threaded rod 902; 10-reinforcement rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0023] It should be noted that the drawings are for schematic illustration only, and the dimensions of the components are somewhat enlarged or reduced compared to the actual objects. Some drawings of known structures are simplified.

[0024] See also Figure 1-2In this embodiment, a movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe is disclosed, comprising two sets of formwork assemblies arranged relatively to each other and a connecting structure connected between the two sets of formwork assemblies; the formwork assembly comprises a formwork body, a plurality of running wheels 6 which can be manipulated to lift and lower and are arranged at the bottom of the formwork body, and a plurality of retractable support rods 9 which are respectively hinged to the back of the formwork body, and the retractable support rods 9 are used to complete the back support of the formwork body when in use. The connecting structure connects the two sets of formwork assemblies into an integral structure, which is the formwork. Here, the running wheel 6 can adopt a hydraulic lifting type or a spiral lifting type structure, wherein the hydraulic lifting type drives the support rod 7 by an oil cylinder to achieve lifting and lowering, and the spiral lifting type adjusts the height by a threaded pair. The running wheel 6 can be a universal wheel or a fixed wheel, and is preferably equipped with a brake device to ensure the stability of the formwork after positioning. The retractable support rod 9 can adopt a combination structure of a threaded sleeve 901 and a threaded rod 902, and the length is adjusted by rotating the threaded rod; it can also adopt a hydraulic cylinder structure, and the telescopic stroke is controlled by a hydraulic system. The back of the formwork body can be equipped with multiple sets of hinged seats for mounting retractable support rods 9. These hinged seats preferably utilize a ball-joint structure to accommodate support requirements at various angles. The purpose of configuring the running wheels 6 as a maneuverable and retractable structure is to raise them after the formwork is moved into position, ensuring stable contact between the formwork body and the ground. This technical solution utilizes the running wheels 6 to enable the overall movement of the formwork, resolving the inefficient assembly and removal of the formwork during traditional construction. The retractable support rods 9, through their hinged connection, provide quickly adjustable back support, eliminating the tedious support structure construction process required in traditional formwork construction. The connection structure ensures the relative positioning accuracy of the two sets of formwork components, guaranteeing the quality of the cast. After the formwork is moved to the desired position, the running wheels 6 descend to position the formwork body, while the retractable support rods 9 simultaneously deploy to form a stable support system, enabling rapid positioning and securing. Compared to existing technologies, this solution significantly reduces formwork time and manual labor, making it particularly suitable for pouring the protective layer 1 of the sewage interception main pipe 2, which requires frequent relocation of the construction site.

[0025] In this embodiment, the formwork body includes a vertical formwork 3 arranged vertically and a support plate 3 fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical formwork 3 and arranged horizontally. It can be understood that a pouring space for pouring the protective layer 1 is formed between the vertical formwork 3 of the two sets of formwork assemblies arranged relatively to each other, and the parts opened at both ends of the longitudinal direction can be blocked by separate blocking formwork. Specifically, the vertical formwork 3 here adopts a Q235 steel plate with a thickness of 5-8mm, and its height is determined to be 800-1200mm according to the design thickness of the protective layer 1. The support plate 3 adopts a Q345 steel plate with a thickness of 10-12mm and a width of 300-500mm, and is rigidly connected to the vertical formwork 3 through continuous fillet welds. In this structural design, the vertical arrangement of the vertical formwork 3 can effectively resist the lateral pressure during concrete pouring. The horizontal arrangement of the support plate 3 forms a stable bearing platform. The rigid structure formed by welding avoids the assembly error of the traditional bolt-connected formwork, which is conducive to ensuring the positioning accuracy of the formwork.

[0026] In this embodiment, the connection structure includes multiple groups of tension screws 5 arranged along the length direction of the sewage interception main pipe 2, and the two ends of the tension screws 5 are respectively fixedly connected to the vertical formwork 3 on the corresponding side. The tension screws 5 can be fully threaded rods or partially threaded rods, with a rod diameter range of 12-20 mm and a material of Q235 or Q345 steel. The two ends of the screws are fixedly connected to the reserved holes of the vertical formwork 3 through nuts, wherein a gasket can be provided between the nuts and the formwork to disperse the pressure. As a preferred embodiment, the spacing between adjacent tension screws 5 is controlled within the range of 0.8-1.2 meters and is equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the pipeline. The length of the screw is determined according to the design width of the pipeline protective layer 1, and is usually 10-15 cm longer than the design width to reserve adjustment space. Specifically, a through-type installation is adopted here with double nut locking. This technical solution realizes stable connection of the formwork through an axial tension system, and multiple groups of tension screws 5 form a continuous force system along the length direction, converting the concrete side pressure into tensile stress of the screw. The fixed connection at both ends ensures a closed force transmission path, ensuring that the vertical formwork 3 on both sides always maintains the designed spacing. Compared with traditional single-point reinforcement methods, this structure can effectively suppress the cumulative deformation of the formwork during long-distance construction and avoid formwork dislocation caused by local stress concentration. By establishing a rigid connection throughout the entire length of the pipe, the overall rigidity of the formwork assembly during pouring is guaranteed and the demolding process is simplified, requiring only loosening of the nut to release the constraint. Experimental data shows that the formwork system using this connection structure can control the displacement within 3mm under the action of concrete lateral pressure, meeting the construction accuracy requirements.

[0027] In this embodiment, the back of the vertical formwork 3 is fixed with multiple groups of reinforcing ribs 10 along the length of the sewage interception main pipe 2. The reinforcing ribs 10 can be made of profiles such as angle steel, channel steel or T-shaped steel, and are fixed to the back of the vertical formwork 3 by welding or bolting. The spacing between each group of ribs can be determined based on the calculation of the lateral pressure of the concrete and is usually set to 300-500mm. The height of the ribs is preferably 2 / 3 of the height of the vertical formwork 3, and the thickness is not less than 6mm. As a preferred embodiment, triangular stiffening plates can be added between the ribs and the vertical formwork 3 to increase the connection strength. During actual construction, the ribs must remain perpendicular to the vertical formwork 3, and full penetration welds must be used to ensure force transmission. This technical solution significantly improves the bending stiffness and overall stability of the vertical formwork 3 through the longitudinal rib structure arranged along the pipeline axis. During the concrete pouring process, the reinforcing ribs can effectively restrain the lateral deformation of the formwork, converting the lateral pressure of the concrete into axial pressure on the ribs, thereby preventing the formwork from bulging or twisting. The uniform distribution of multiple groups of ribs makes load transfer more continuous, overcoming the stress concentration problem existing in traditional support methods. Compared to simply increasing the formwork thickness, this structure reduces material usage while maintaining rigidity, facilitating the reuse of mobile formwork. Mechanical reinforcement directly increases the formwork's bearing capacity, ensuring the uniform thickness of the protective layer 1 and that the surface flatness meets design requirements.

[0028] In this embodiment, the retractable support rod 9 comprises a threaded sleeve 901 hinged to the back of the vertical formwork 3 and a threaded rod 902 threaded into the sleeve 901. The articulated connection between the sleeve 901 and the vertical formwork 3 can be implemented in a variety of ways: for example, using a hinged connection for 180-degree rotation and folding; a ball joint connection for multi-angle adjustment; or a quick-release pin for rapid assembly and disassembly. The threaded connection can utilize standard metric or trapezoidal threads, and the end of the threaded rod can be equipped with a hexagonal head or a cross slot to facilitate tool rotation. This technical solution effectively solves the space-consuming problem of formwork transportation and storage by utilizing the foldable and stowable nature of the articulated sleeve. The rotational adjustment mechanism of the threaded rod 902 enables stepless and precise control of the support height. During use, a wooden board can be placed between the support end of the threaded rod 902 and the ground to increase friction. Compared to existing technologies that use fixed-length support rods or latch-type adjustment structures, the threaded connection has a self-locking property, effectively resisting loosening caused by vibration during concrete pouring, ensuring formwork support stability. Specifically, the frictional self-locking effect of the threaded pair eliminates the looseness problem of traditional latch structures, while the hinged design makes it easier for construction workers to quickly deploy and retract the support rods compared to fixed connections. As a result, this structure not only ensures support rigidity but also balances construction convenience and space utilization.

[0029] In this embodiment, the support plate 3 is provided with a height-adjustable rod 7 that can be raised and lowered, and the running wheel 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the height-adjustable rod 7. Specifically, the height-adjustable rod 7 can be raised and lowered using a hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod, or a threaded lifting mechanism. Furthermore, the height-adjustable rod 7 can be raised and lowered using a manual crank, an electric motor, or a hydraulic pump station. For example, when a hydraulic cylinder is used, hydraulic lines can be provided within the support plate 3 to synchronize the raising and lowering of multiple height-adjustable rods 7 using a centralized control valve group. As a preferred embodiment, in this embodiment, the height-adjustable rod 7 is a threaded rod, and the running wheel 6 is fixedly connected to the height-adjustable rod 7 via a connecting plate. A mounting base for the height-adjustable rod 7 is provided on the support plate 3, and the height-adjustable rod 7 is locked to the mounting base using a double nut. Thus, this technical solution achieves the switching of the operating modes of the running wheel 6 and the support plate 3 through a mechanical lifting mechanism: when the height-adjustable rod 7 is lowered, the running wheel 6 contacts the ground, enabling the formwork to move; when the height-adjustable rod 7 is raised, the support plate 3 bears direct pressure on the foundation, providing a stable support. Compared to existing technologies, this structure avoids the frequent use of lifting equipment. Simple mechanical operations allow for transitions between mobile and fixed positions, significantly increasing the reuse efficiency of formwork components. Specifically, the combination of height adjustment lever 7 and travel wheels 6 allows a single worker to adjust the formwork position, resolving the inefficiency inherent in traditional formwork movement, which relies on large lifting equipment.

[0030] In this embodiment, the vertical formwork 3 and the support plate 3 are both steel plates, and the vertical formwork 3 and the support plate 3 are welded and fixed. Using steel plates as the material of the vertical formwork 3 and the support plate 3 can significantly improve the overall structural strength and bearing capacity of the formwork, and meet the force requirements during the concrete pouring process. Fixing the vertical formwork 3 and the support plate 3 by welding can ensure that the connection between the two is firm and reliable, avoiding loosening or deformation during the construction process, thereby improving the stability and durability of the formwork. Compared with the traditional bolt connection method, the welded connection has higher rigidity and strength, and can better resist the lateral pressure during concrete pouring. This structural design can adapt to the construction environment of the protective layer 1 of the sewage interception main pipe 2, and ensure construction quality and efficiency. Specifically, the bending rigidity and tensile strength of the steel plate are much higher than those of the wooden formwork or aluminum alloy formwork, and the reliability of the welded connection is also better than that of the mechanical connection, thereby effectively solving the technical problem of improving the structural strength and durability of the formwork.

[0031] In this embodiment, a jack 8 is provided on the support plate 3, and the lifting end of the jack 8 is arranged downward. The jack 8 can adopt a mechanical or hydraulic structure, wherein the hydraulic jack 8 is preferably driven by a manual pump or an electric pump. An anti-slip pad can be configured at the bottom of the jack 8 to enhance the friction with the ground. As a preferred embodiment, the jack 8 is bolted to the support plate 3 through a flange, which is convenient for disassembly and maintenance. It is recommended that the stroke adjustment range of the jack 8 be controlled within 200-300mm to meet the fine-tuning requirements of different ground heights. The number of jacks 8 is arranged at intervals of 1.5-2m according to the length of the support plate 3, and the rated load of a single jack 8 is not less than 5 tons. This technical solution adopts a structural design in which the jack 8 is arranged downward, and a vertical downward lifting force can be directly applied to the ground during construction, forming an alternating support system with the walking wheel 6. Specifically, during the formwork movement phase, jacks 8 are retracted, allowing wheels 6 to touch the ground. During the pouring and positioning phase, jacks 8 are extended to lift wheels 6 off the ground, creating a rigid support. This achieves three technical benefits: First, jacks 8 act directly on the ground, providing a clear force transmission path and avoiding the compression deformation that can occur with traditional pads. Second, threaded adjustment allows for millimeter-level height fine-tuning, ensuring the horizontal accuracy of the formwork assembly. Finally, mechanical jacking improves efficiency by approximately 60% compared to manual pad adjustment, and increases support stability by approximately 40%. This design effectively addresses the concrete pouring quality issues associated with unstable supports in traditional construction, while significantly reducing the labor intensity of manual adjustments.

[0032] In this embodiment, the top of the vertical formwork 3 is equipped with multiple lifting lugs (not shown). These lugs can be secured to the top of the vertical formwork 3 by welding or bolting. They typically number two to four and are symmetrically distributed. The lugs can be designed as ring-shaped, U-shaped, or plate-shaped with openings. Ring-shaped lugs facilitate direct attachment to a crane hook; U-shaped lugs can be used with shackles; and plate-shaped lugs connect to a sling via a pin. The lugs are preferably made of Q235B steel with a thickness of at least 10 mm. Their load-bearing capacity must meet the safety factor requirements specified in GB / T3811-2008. As a preferred embodiment, a reinforcement plate can be installed at the bottom of the lugs to increase local rigidity. This technical solution utilizes an integrated lifting lug design to facilitate rapid assembly of the formwork assembly. Specifically, the lugs on the top allow for direct crane hooking, eliminating the need for temporary sling installation. The symmetrical arrangement of the multiple lugs ensures force balance during assembly, preventing the formwork from tilting. This streamlines the overall assembly process, reducing single-transfer time by over 30%. Compared with existing technologies, this design significantly reduces the time that cranes occupy the road, effectively alleviating traffic pressure while ensuring construction safety.

[0033] This embodiment also discloses a construction method for pouring the protective layer 1 of the sewage interception main pipe 2. The pouring construction of the protective layer 1 of the sewage interception main pipe 2 is completed using the movable formwork for pouring the protective layer 1 of the sewage interception main pipe 2 as described above. This method achieves rapid movement and reuse of the formwork by adopting a formwork assembly including running wheels 6 and a retractable support structure. Specifically, the movable formwork includes two sets of formwork assemblies and a connecting structure arranged relative to each other. The formwork assembly consists of a formwork body, running wheels 6, and a retractable support rod 97. The running wheels 6 are arranged at the bottom of the formwork body in a liftable manner via support rods 7, and the retractable support rod 97 is hinged to the back of the formwork body for support. The connecting structure uses multiple sets of tension screws 5 arranged along the length of the pipeline. The formwork body preferably adopts a steel plate welded structure, including a vertical formwork 3 and a horizontal support plate 3. A jack 8 can be provided on the support plate 3 to assist in lifting, and a lifting lug is provided on the top of the vertical formwork 3. The retractable support rod 97 can be adjusted in length by using a matching structure of a threaded sleeve and a threaded rod. Therefore, this construction method solves the problems of low construction efficiency and large traffic impact of traditional fixed formwork through a mechanized mobile design. During the construction process, after completing one section of pouring, the formwork is moved as a whole to the next construction section via the running wheels 6 without the need for disassembly and hoisting. The retractable support structure ensures stable support for the formwork, and the running wheels 6 enable rapid displacement. Compared with traditional methods, the frequency of crane use and the time required for formwork disassembly and assembly are significantly reduced, thus reducing the time that construction occupies road space. Through modular design and mechanized operation, this solution achieves improved construction efficiency and reduced traffic interference.

[0034] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A movable formwork for pouring a protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe, characterized by: It includes two sets of template components that are arranged opposite to each other and a connecting structure connected between the two sets of template components; The template assembly includes a template body, a plurality of travel wheels that can be manipulated to rise and fall and are arranged at the bottom of the template body, and a plurality of retractable support rods respectively hinged to the back of the template body. The retractable support rods are used to complete the back support of the template body when in use.

2. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The template body includes a vertical template arranged vertically and a support plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the vertical template and arranged horizontally.

3. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The connection structure includes a plurality of groups of tension screws arranged along the length direction of the sewage interception main pipe, and both ends of the tension screws are fixedly connected to the vertical templates on the corresponding sides.

4. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of groups of reinforcing ribs are fixedly provided on the back of the vertical template along the length direction of the sewage interception main pipe.

5. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The telescopic support rod comprises a threaded sleeve hinged to the back of the vertical template and a threaded rod threadedly connected to the threaded sleeve.

6. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support plate is provided with a height adjustment rod that can be raised and lowered, and the walking wheel is fixedly connected to the bottom of the height adjustment rod.

7. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The vertical formwork and the support plate are both made of steel plates, and the vertical formwork and the support plate are fixed by welding.

8. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A jack is provided on the support plate, and the lifting end of the jack is arranged downward.

9. The movable formwork for pouring the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A plurality of lifting lugs are provided on the top of the vertical template.

10. A construction method for pouring a protective layer of a sewage interception main pipe, characterized by: The pouring construction of the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe is completed using the movable formwork for pouring construction of the protective layer of the sewage interception main pipe as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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