High-reliability piston type fluid pump

Abstract

The invention relates to a piston type fluid pump which comprises a cylinder body, a piston and a power mechanism used for driving the piston to move in the cylinder body, a first Tesla valve is formed in the piston, and the first Tesla valve communicates with a compression cavity and a first fluid opening of the fluid pump. The one-way flow guide direction of the first Tesla valve is consistent with the preset medium circulation direction between the first fluid opening and the compression cavity. The Tesla valve is adopted as a one-way flow channel pipeline of the piston type fluid pump, the flow channel structure is simple, no mechanical moving part exists, the problem that the service life of the fluid pump is short due to the fact that a traditional one-way valve plate is repeatedly bent for a long time and impacts a valve plate, and the reliability of the valve plate is low is solved, and the adverse effect of reciprocating motion of the piston on the one-way valve is small. And the working reliability and the service life of the fluid pump are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fluid pumps, in particular to a high-reliability piston fluid pump. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fluid pump can drive gas / liquid to flow in one direction, and can be applied to the application fields of the Joule-Thomson throttling refrigeration machine, air compressor, low-temperature refrigerator and high-temperature heat pump, etc. which need a certain compression ratio and one-way flow of gas, and can also be used for driving liquid to flow in one direction in the application fields of artificial heart pump, robot power pump, etc.

[0003] The conventional fluid pump must rely on a one-way valve group to achieve one-way flow of fluid, and the valve group is usually composed of a one-way valve plate, a valve seat, a lift limiter and a fixing screw; the suction valve plate and the exhaust valve plate have various structures such as a reed valve and a ring valve, and are usually made of spring steel; the fixing methods of the suction valve plate and the exhaust valve plate usually have two kinds, the first kind is that the suction valve plate and the exhaust valve plate are arranged on both sides of the valve plate, and the second kind is that the suction valve plate is arranged on the end face of the piston, and the exhaust valve plate is arranged on the valve plate at the end face of the compression chamber. The structures of such fluid pumps all have the problem that the valve plate is repeatedly bent for a long time, and the valve plate collides with the valve plate, resulting in low reliability of the valve plate, and thus shortening the service life of the fluid pump. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to a high-reliability piston fluid pump, which can at least solve some defects of the prior art.

[0005] The present application relates to a high-reliability piston fluid pump, which comprises a cylinder, a piston and a power mechanism for driving the piston to move in the cylinder, the cylinder has a compression chamber, the piston has a first Tesla valve formed therein, the first Tesla valve communicates the compression chamber with a first fluid port of the fluid pump, and the one-way flow direction of the first Tesla valve is consistent with the preset medium flow direction between the first fluid port and the compression chamber.

[0006] As one of the embodiments, a second Tesla valve is formed on the cylinder, the second Tesla valve communicates the compression chamber with a second fluid port of the fluid pump, and the one-way flow direction of the second Tesla valve is consistent with the preset medium flow direction between the second fluid port and the compression chamber.

[0007] As one of the embodiments, the second Tesla valve is integrally formed with the cylinder; or the second Tesla valve is independently prefabricated and then embedded on the cylinder.

[0008] As one of the embodiments, the second Tesla valve is made by at least one of a 3D printing process, a chemical corrosion process and a machine tool cutting process.

[0009] As one of the embodiments, the flow passage cross-sectional shape of the second Tesla valve is at least one of a circular shape, a semi-circular shape, and a square cross-section.

[0010] As one of the embodiments, the first Tesla valve is integrally formed with the piston; or, the piston adopts a split structure, including an outer shell and an inner core fixedly arranged in the outer shell, and the first Tesla valve is formed in the inner core.

[0011] As one of the embodiments, the first Tesla valve is made by at least one of a 3D printing process, a chemical etching process, and a machine tool cutting process.

[0012] As one of the embodiments, the piston is coaxially spliced by a plurality of piston axial segments; and / or, the piston is spliced by a plurality of piston circumferential segments in sequence.

[0013] As one of the embodiments, the flow passage cross-sectional shape of the first Tesla valve is at least one of a circular shape, a semi-circular shape, and a square cross-section.

[0014] As one of the embodiments, the piston type fluid pump further includes a pump shell, the cylinder body and the power mechanism are arranged in the pump shell, and the first fluid port and the second fluid port are arranged on the pump shell; a back pressure cavity is further formed in the pump shell, the back pressure cavity is located on the axial side of the cylinder body and respectively communicates with the first Tesla valve and the first fluid port.

[0015] The present application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the present application, the first Tesla valve is formed in the piston, as a one-way flow passage pipeline of the piston type fluid pump, the flow passage structure is simple and has no mechanical moving parts, eliminating the problem that the traditional one-way valve plate has low reliability due to long-term repeated bending and impact on the valve plate, thereby shortening the service life of the fluid pump, and the one-way valve is less affected by the reciprocating movement of the piston, greatly improving the working reliability and service life of the fluid pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the piston type fluid pump (Tesla valve adopts split structure) provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the following figure:

[0019] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the piston fluid pump (Tesla valve with an integrated structure) provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0020] Figure 3 The working principle diagram of the Tesla valve is shown in the figure;

[0021] Figure 4 The sectional schematic diagram of the Tesla valve is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0023] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiment of the present application provides a piston fluid pump with high reliability, which comprises a cylinder 2, a piston 3 and a power mechanism for driving the piston 3 to move in the cylinder 2. The cylinder 2 has a compression cavity therein, and the piston 3 is formed with a first Tesla valve 31. The first Tesla valve 31 is connected with the compression cavity and a first fluid port 11 of the fluid pump, and the one-way flow direction of the first Tesla valve 31 is consistent with the preset medium flow direction between the first fluid port 11 and the compression cavity.

[0024] Further optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the cylinder 2 is formed with a second Tesla valve 21. The second Tesla valve 21 is connected with the compression cavity and a second fluid port 12 of the fluid pump, and the one-way flow direction of the second Tesla valve 21 is consistent with the preset medium flow direction between the second fluid port 12 and the compression cavity.

[0025] Wherein, the first fluid port 11 can be a medium inlet, and the preset medium flow direction between the first fluid port 11 and the compression cavity is the direction of the medium flowing from the first fluid port 11 to the compression cavity. The second fluid port 12 is a medium outlet, and the preset medium flow direction between the second fluid port 12 and the compression cavity is the direction of the medium flowing from the compression cavity to the second fluid port 12. The first fluid port 11 can be a medium outlet, and the preset medium flow direction between the first fluid port 11 and the compression cavity is the direction of the medium flowing from the compression cavity to the first fluid port 11. The second fluid port 12 is a medium inlet, and the preset medium flow direction between the second fluid port 12 and the compression cavity is the direction of the medium flowing from the second fluid port 12 to the compression cavity.

[0026] When the first Tesla valve 31 and the second Tesla valve 21 are provided simultaneously, the one-way flow direction of one of the two Tesla valves is the direction of flowing into the compression chamber, and the one-way flow direction of the other Tesla valve is the direction of flowing out of the compression chamber.

[0027] The first Tesla valve 31 respectively penetrates two axial ends of the piston 3.

[0028] When the second Tesla valve 21 is provided, the second Tesla valve 21 is preferably arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder body 2.

[0029] As shown in FIG. 1, based on the characteristics of the Tesla valve, in the embodiment, when the fluid flows from right to left, the fluid flow rate in the branch of the Tesla valve is much lower than the fluid flow rate in the main path of the Tesla valve, the fluid flow resistance in the main path is small, and the fluid mainly flows along the main path; when the fluid flows from left to right, the fluid in each branch hinders the fluid flow in the main path, and when the branches reach a certain number, the fluid flow rate in the main path will be reduced to zero, thereby achieving the effect of one-way flow. Figure 3 Figure 3 In the embodiment, the one-way flow direction of the first Tesla valve 31 is the direction of flowing into the compression chamber, and the one-way flow direction of the second Tesla valve 21 is the direction of flowing out of the compression chamber; taking the left piston 3 as an example, when the piston 3 moves to the left, the second Tesla valve 21 is in a closed state, the expansion pressure of the fluid in the compression chamber is reduced and is lower than the fluid pressure on the side of the first fluid port 11, and the gas or liquid working medium on the side of the first fluid port 11 enters the compression chamber along the first Tesla valve 31 on the piston 3, thereby completing the working medium suction process; when the piston 3 moves to the right, the first Tesla valve 31 is in a closed state, the fluid in the compression chamber is compressed, and the pressure thereof is increased and is higher than the fluid pressure on the side of the second fluid port 12, and the gas or liquid working medium in the compression chamber enters the second fluid port 12 along the second Tesla valve 21, thereby completing the working medium discharge process; the above processes are repeated, thereby realizing the one-way flow of the working medium from the first fluid port 11 (low-pressure side) to the second fluid port 12 (high-pressure side).

[0030] In the embodiment, the one-way flow direction of the first Tesla valve 31 is the direction of flowing into the compression chamber, and the one-way flow direction of the second Tesla valve 21 is the direction of flowing out of the compression chamber; taking the left piston 3 as an example, when the piston 3 moves to the left, the second Tesla valve 21 is in a closed state, the expansion pressure of the fluid in the compression chamber is reduced and is lower than the fluid pressure on the side of the first fluid port 11, and the gas or liquid working medium on the side of the first fluid port 11 enters the compression chamber along the first Tesla valve 31 on the piston 3, thereby completing the working medium suction process; when the piston 3 moves to the right, the first Tesla valve 31 is in a closed state, the fluid in the compression chamber is compressed, and the pressure thereof is increased and is higher than the fluid pressure on the side of the second fluid port 12, and the gas or liquid working medium in the compression chamber enters the second fluid port 12 along the second Tesla valve 21, thereby completing the working medium discharge process; the above processes are repeated, thereby realizing the one-way flow of the working medium from the first fluid port 11 (low-pressure side) to the second fluid port 12 (high-pressure side). Figure 1 Figure 2 In another embodiment, the one-way flow direction of the first Tesla valve 31 can be the direction of flowing out of the compression chamber, and the one-way flow direction of the second Tesla valve 21 can be the direction of flowing into the compression chamber.

[0031] In another embodiment, other one-way valves can be used to replace the second Tesla valve 21, for example, the one-way valve mentioned in the background art.

[0032] In another embodiment, other one-way valves can be used to replace the second Tesla valve 21, for example, the one-way valve mentioned in the background art.

[0033] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2, the first Tesla valve 31 and the second Tesla valve 21 are arranged on the piston 3. Figure 1 Figure 2 ​​​The aforementioned piston fluid pump also includes a pump housing 1, in which the cylinder 2 and the power mechanism are both disposed. The first fluid port 11 and the second fluid port 12 are both disposed on the pump housing 1. Furthermore, a back pressure chamber 13 is also formed in the pump housing 1. The back pressure chamber 13 is located on the axial side of the cylinder 2 and is connected to the first Tesla valve 31 and the first fluid port 11, respectively.

[0034] The back pressure chamber 13 mentioned above can be formed by enclosing the cylinder body 2 and the pump housing 1; for example Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first fluid port 11 and the second fluid port 12 can be cocircled on the pump casing 1, with the corresponding central angle between them being 90°, 180°, etc., which facilitates the arrangement of upstream and downstream pipelines / equipment. Correspondingly, a transition flow channel can be provided on the pump casing 1 / cylinder 2 to connect the first fluid port 11 and the back pressure chamber 13. The aforementioned back pressure chamber 13 can serve as a buffer for the working fluid, thereby improving the operational reliability of the fluid pump. In addition, the back pressure chamber 13 is located on the axial side of the cylinder 2, allowing the piston 3 to extend outside the cylinder 2 and connect the first Tesla valve 31 to the back pressure chamber 13, providing space for the reciprocating motion of the piston 3 and facilitating the intake / discharge of the working fluid.

[0035] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 There are two pistons 3, which are positioned opposite each other within the cylinder 2 and define the compression chamber between them. By using two opposing pistons 3, each piston 3 can perform linear reciprocating motion, achieving flexibility in the action on the working fluid; when the forces generated by the reciprocating motion of the two pistons 3 are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, the vibration of the fluid pump can be reduced or eliminated.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 Both pistons 3 are equipped with a first Tesla valve 31. The two first Tesla valves 31 have the same unidirectional flow direction, that is, both are either the direction of flow into the compression chamber or the direction of flow out of the compression chamber.

[0037] When there are two pistons 3, preferably, the power mechanism is set to two sets, with each piston 3 configured with one set of power mechanism.

[0038] like Figure 4 The flow channel cross-sectional shape of the first Tesla valve 31 is at least one of circular, semi-circular, and square cross-sections. In the Tesla valve, the cross-sectional shape of the main path and the cross-sectional shape of the branches can be the same or different, and the cross-sectional dimensions can be the same or different.

[0039] When the second Tesla valve 21 is provided, the flow passage cross-sectional shape of the second Tesla valve 21 is at least one of a circular shape, a semicircular shape, and a square cross section. Among them, in the Tesla valve, the cross-sectional shape of the main path and the cross-sectional shape of the branch can be the same or different, and the cross-sectional size can be the same or different.

[0040] For the manufacturing of the first Tesla valve 31, at least one of 3D printing, chemical etching, machine tool cutting, etc. can be used, that is, a single manufacturing process or a combined manufacturing process can be used.

[0041] When the second Tesla valve 21 is provided, the manufacturing of the second Tesla valve 21 can also use at least one of 3D printing, chemical etching, machine tool cutting, etc.

[0042] For the manufacturing of the piston 3, an integrated molding method can be used, such as based on a 3D printing process; in another embodiment, the piston 3 adopts a split structure, including an inner core and an outer shell, the first Tesla valve 31 is manufactured in the inner core, and the inner core and the outer shell are fixedly connected by at least one of laser welding, brazing, and adhesive bonding.

[0043] Optionally, the piston 3 is coaxially spliced by multiple piston axial segments, whether it is an integrated piston 3 or a split piston 3, this way can facilitate the segmented manufacturing of the first Tesla valve 31 and ensure the structural accuracy of the first Tesla valve 31. And / or, the piston 3 is spliced by multiple piston circumferential segments in sequence, for example, for a cylindrical piston 3, the piston 3 includes multiple piston sectors, which are fan-shaped circumferential segments of the piston, and the piston sectors are spliced in sequence to form a complete cylindrical piston body, and other shapes of the piston 3 can correspondingly set the shape of the circumferential segment; whether it is an integrated piston 3 or a split piston 3, this way can also facilitate the segmented manufacturing of the first Tesla valve 31 and ensure the structural accuracy of the first Tesla valve 31, and for the case that the piston 3 includes an inner core and an outer shell, the inner core and the outer shell can also adopt a structure of multiple circumferential segments spliced in sequence.

[0044] When the second Tesla valve 21 is provided, the second Tesla valve 21 can be integrally molded with the cylinder body 2; or, the second Tesla valve 21 is independently prefabricated and then embedded on the cylinder body 2.

[0045] In one of the embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the piston 3 is supported by a support unit to be floatingly arranged in the cylinder body 2 and sealed with the cylinder body 2, and the piston 3 is particularly suitable for the clean gas and liquid pressurization scene without lubricating oil / grease; the gap width between the piston 3 and the cylinder body 2 is preferably in the range of 5-10 um. Wherein, when one end of the piston 3 extends out of the cylinder body 2, the support unit is more convenient to arrange; the support unit includes but is not limited to one or a combination of bearing support, leaf spring 5 support, gas bearing support, and magnetic spring support; in the embodiment, preferably, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the support unit includes the leaf spring 5, one end of the piston 3 extends out of the cylinder body 2 to be connected with the leaf spring 5, the support reliability is high, and the reciprocating movement of the piston 3 has a buffering and damping effect, thereby improving the working reliability of the fluid pump.

[0046] The driving of the piston 3 can adopt a linear motor, a rotary motor, etc., and in the embodiment, preferably, a linear motor is adopted, which is convenient to arrange and has high working reliability. Optionally, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the linear motor includes an outer stator yoke 41, an inner mover yoke 42, and a magnetic steel 44, the piston 3 has a piston body slidingly arranged in the cylinder body 2 and a driving arm 32 connected to the piston body and located outside the cylinder body 2, the magnetic steel 44 is fixed on the driving arm 32, the outer stator yoke 41 is fixed in the pump shell 1, the inner mover yoke 42 is accommodated in the annular space formed by the driving arm 32 and the cylinder body 2, and the coil 43 is accommodated in the outer stator, the magnetic steel 44 is driven to move linearly by the outer stator yoke 41, the coil 43, and the inner mover yoke 42, thereby driving the driving arm 32 and the piston body to move linearly, and the piston 3 is driven. Wherein, the magnetic steel 44 is a permanent magnet, preferably, a radial magnetization structure is adopted, and is usually made of neodymium iron boron material; the outer stator yoke 41 and the inner mover yoke 42 are usually made of soft magnetic metal with high magnetic permeability, and are usually made of electrical pure iron or iron-cobalt alloy.

[0047] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A highly reliable piston fluid pump, comprising a cylinder, a piston, and a power mechanism for driving the piston to move within the cylinder, wherein the cylinder has a compression chamber, characterized in that: A first Tesla valve is formed inside the piston. The first Tesla valve connects the compression chamber to the first fluid port of the fluid pump. The unidirectional flow direction of the first Tesla valve is consistent with the preset medium flow direction between the first fluid port and the compression chamber.

2. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A second Tesla valve is formed on the cylinder body. The second Tesla valve connects the compression chamber to the second fluid port of the fluid pump. The unidirectional flow direction of the second Tesla valve is consistent with the preset medium flow direction between the second fluid port and the compression chamber.

3. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The second Tesla valve is integrally formed with the cylinder body; or, the second Tesla valve is prefabricated independently and then embedded in the cylinder body.

4. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The second Tesla valve is manufactured using at least one of the following processes: 3D printing, chemical etching, and machine tool cutting.

5. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The flow channel cross-sectional shape of the second Tesla valve is at least one of a circular, semi-circular, or square cross-section.

6. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first Tesla valve is integrally formed with the piston; or the piston adopts a split structure, including an outer shell and an inner core fixedly disposed within the outer shell, wherein the first Tesla valve is formed in the inner core.

7. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The first Tesla valve is manufactured using at least one of the following processes: 3D printing, chemical etching, and machine tool cutting.

8. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The piston is formed by coaxially splicing multiple piston axial segments; and / or, the piston is formed by sequentially splicing multiple piston circumferential segments.

9. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The flow channel cross-sectional shape of the first Tesla valve is at least one of a circular, semi-circular, or square cross-section.

10. The piston fluid pump as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a pump housing, in which the cylinder and the power mechanism are both disposed, and the first fluid port and the second fluid port are both disposed on the pump housing; a back pressure chamber is also formed in the pump housing, which is located on the axial side of the cylinder and is respectively connected to the first Tesla valve and the first fluid port.

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