Steel structure stair ground washing stone structure and construction method

Abstract

The invention provides a steel structure stair ground washed stone structure which comprises a steel structure stair and washed stone composite layers, the steel structure stair comprises a kicking face and a tread, and the kicking face and the tread are each provided with the washed stone composite layer. The washed stone composite layer comprises an anti-rust paint layer, a cement-based interface agent layer, a washed stone layer and a washed stone finish-coat paint layer from bottom to top. On the other hand, the invention provides a construction method of the steel structure stair ground washing stone structure. The construction method mainly comprises the steps of base layer treatment, anti-rust primer brushing, interface agent brushing, dividing strip pasting, washing stone construction, dividing strip taking out, maintenance and finish-coat paint construction. Through the multi-layer composite structure design, a complete technical solution is constructed from the three dimensions of rust prevention, bonding and protection, the defects that a washed stone structure is prone to hollowing, delaminating, cracking, rusting and stone falling are effectively overcome, and the using effects that the steel structure stair washed stone is free of rusting, hollowing and falling, resistant to pollution and long in service life are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of steel structure staircase building structure and construction method, and in particular to a steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure and construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of contemporary architectural decoration and landscape design, the integration of the functionality and aesthetic value of materials has become one of the core trends in industry development. Washed stone, with its unique natural texture, rich color selection, and excellent wear resistance and anti-slip properties, has gradually become a preferred material that combines decoration and practicality. With the diversification of modern building structures, steel structures, due to their advantages of light weight, large span, and high construction efficiency, are widely used in staircase design. However, when applying washed stone to steel structure staircase floor decoration, the construction process faces many technical challenges due to the combination of two materials with significantly different characteristics: the metal substrate (steel structure) and the cement-based decorative surface layer (washed stone). For example, the physical properties of the steel structure substrate and the washed stone cement base layer differ significantly. Steel has a smooth surface and a large coefficient of thermal expansion, while the washed stone cement base layer exhibits significant shrinkage during hardening, and its coefficient of thermal expansion is only 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 that of steel. This difference leads to asynchronous deformation of the two materials during temperature changes (such as seasonal changes and indoor-outdoor temperature differences) or structural vibrations (such as foot traffic and equipment operation), easily causing stress concentration at the interface. Over time, hollow areas and delamination can occur between the washed stone surface layer and the steel structure substrate. This not only damages the flatness and aesthetics of the floor but also creates safety hazards and affects the normal use of the staircase. Furthermore, the difficulty in controlling moisture during the construction of washed stone exacerbates the risk of structural damage. Washed stone construction involves processes such as mixing, spreading, vibration, and washing, during which the cement-based materials contain a large amount of water. Since steel itself is not waterproof, and current construction methods lack effective interface waterproofing and rust prevention measures, this moisture easily penetrates to the steel structure surface. In humid environments or under oxygen conditions, the steel structure surface will rapidly undergo a rusting reaction. The generated rust expands approximately 2-3 times in volume compared to the original steel. This expansion force directly acts on the washed stone surface layer above, causing irregular cracking and peeling, further deteriorating the decorative effect and structural stability of the floor.

[0003] In summary, the current application of washed stone in steel structure staircase floors suffers from various defects due to poor material compatibility, improper interface treatment, and lack of protective measures. These defects include hollowing, delamination, cracking, corrosion, stone detachment, and susceptibility to contamination, severely impacting the decorative effect of washed stone and the safety of steel structure staircases. Therefore, developing a steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure and construction method that effectively solves these technical challenges, achieves a stable bond between the steel structure substrate and the washed stone surface layer, and possesses both excellent durability and aesthetics, has become an urgent technical need in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention proposes a washed stone structure and construction method for steel structure staircase flooring, aiming to solve the problems of poor compatibility, lack of protective measures, easy hollowing and delamination, cracking and corrosion that occur when washed stone is applied to steel structure staircase flooring.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure, including a steel structure staircase and a washed stone composite layer. The steel structure staircase includes a riser and a tread, both of which are provided with a washed stone composite layer. The washed stone composite layer consists of, from bottom to top, an anti-rust paint layer, a cement-based interface agent layer, a washed stone layer, and a washed stone topcoat layer.

[0006] Furthermore, a wire mesh is laid between the washed stone layer and the cement-based interface agent layer, and the wire mesh is fixed to the steel structure staircase by binding or welding.

[0007] Furthermore, the anti-rust paint layer consists of, from bottom to top, a first epoxy zinc-rich primer, a second epoxy zinc-rich primer, and a polyurethane topcoat.

[0008] Furthermore, a stainless steel corner guard is provided at the external corner of the washed stone layer where the skirting connects to the tread.

[0009] On the other hand, a method for constructing washed stone flooring for steel structure staircases is provided, including the following steps:

[0010] S1, Base treatment: Use sandblasting to remove impurities from the surface of the steel structure staircase until the metal is exposed. Use clean compressed air or a brush to remove the dust after sandblasting, and wipe with cleaning solvent to remove any oil residue.

[0011] S2, Apply anti-rust primer. Apply anti-rust primer evenly to the clean and dry surface of the steel structure staircase until the anti-rust primer is completely cured and dry to form an anti-rust paint layer.

[0012] S3, Apply interface agent: Apply cement-based interface agent evenly to the cured and dried anti-rust paint layer to form a cement-based interface agent layer.

[0013] S4, Adhere the dividing strips, and attach the dividing strips to the joints of the skirting boards of the steel structure staircase;

[0014] S5, Water-washed stone construction: Prepare water-washed stone polymer cement mortar. When the cement-based interface agent layer is moist or initially set, spread and press the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar onto the cement-based interface agent layer. When the surface cement slurry initially sets, start water washing. Use a water gun to rinse the steel structure staircase from top to bottom at an angle to remove the surface laitance, so that the stones are exposed at about 1 / 3-1 / 2 of their particle size. After the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar hardens, a water-washed stone layer is formed.

[0015] S6, Remove the dividing strip. After the water washing is completed and the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar has set but before it has fully hardened, remove the dividing strip at the joint of the skirting board.

[0016] S7, Curing: Spray water evenly onto the washed stone layer and cover it with a film for 7 days or more;

[0017] S8, Topcoat Application: Apply topcoat to a clean, firm, and dry washed stone surface to form a washed stone topcoat layer.

[0018] Furthermore, after step S3 and before step S4, the following steps are also included:

[0019] The wire mesh installation step involves applying a cement-based interface agent and keeping the surface moist, then laying a wire mesh on the riser and tread of the steel structure staircase. The wire mesh has a mesh size of 20 mm or less. The wire mesh is welded or tied to the steel structure staircase. If welding is used, the weld points are treated with rust prevention.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S2, applying the anti-rust primer includes applying two coats of epoxy zinc-rich primer and one coat of polyurethane topcoat.

[0021] Furthermore, in step S5, when the washed stone polymer cement mortar is spread and pressed onto the cement-based interface agent layer, stainless steel corner guards are also laid and installed at the external corner of the washed stone layer where the skirting surface connects to the tread surface.

[0022] In step S5, while rinsing with a water gun, the surface is gently wiped with a sponge to help remove laitance and adjust the degree of pebble exposure;

[0023] In step S5, if too many stones fall off in a localized area when rinsing with a water gun, repair and smooth the area with the same proportion of the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar, and rinse the area again after the water has dried.

[0024] Furthermore, after step S7 and before step S8, silicone structural adhesive is used to fill and seal the joints of the skirting board.

[0025] In step S8, the topcoat is applied in two coats. The second coat is applied after the first topcoat has completely dried and is ready for recoating. The topcoat is a water-based acrylic topcoat.

[0026] Furthermore, the cement-based interface agent is prepared by using silicate cement, sand, water, surfactant, styrene-butadiene emulsion, curing agent, and adhesion promoter in a weight ratio of 400:600:220:40:60:50:20.

[0027] The water-washed stone polymer cement mortar includes cement, sand, polymer emulsion, water, and gravel, wherein the mass ratio of cement to sand is 1:2.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] This application constructs a synergistic protection system adapted to both steel structure substrates and cement-based decorative surfaces by layering and optimizing the functions of the washed stone composite layer. First, an anti-rust paint layer is applied to the steel structure surface. This layer forms a dense, continuous barrier film on the steel surface, directly isolating the moisture contained in the cement-based materials during the washed stone construction process, preventing moisture penetration to the steel surface. It also blocks the contact between oxygen in the air and the steel, inhibiting corrosion at its source. Furthermore, a cement-based interface agent layer is added above the anti-rust paint layer. This layer forms a strong bond with the underlying anti-rust paint layer and is compatible with the composition of the upper washed stone layer, significantly improving the interfacial bonding strength. In addition, the interface agent layer can adjust the deformation difference between the steel structure and the washed stone layer through its own micro-elasticity, avoiding interface separation caused by stress concentration, preventing hollowing and delamination, and ensuring the flatness and safety of the staircase floor. This application also sets a wash stone topcoat layer on top of the wash stone layer, and strengthens the bonding stability between the stone and the cement base through a layered structure design. The topcoat layer can penetrate into the pores on the surface of the wash stone layer to form a transparent and wear-resistant protective film, which can not only firmly fix the stone inside the cement base, but also seal the pores on the surface of the wash stone to prevent dust, oil and other pollutants from penetrating.

[0030] In summary, this application, through a multi-layered composite structure design, constructs a complete technical solution from three dimensions: rust prevention, bonding, and protection. It effectively solves the defects of existing technologies and achieves the effect of "rust-free, hollow, non-detached, pollution-resistant, and long-lasting" for steel structure staircases made of washed stone. It combines technological innovation with practical application value and can be widely promoted in the decoration and renovation projects of indoor steel structure staircases. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of a steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for constructing a steel structure staircase floor with washed stone flooring according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the construction method for a steel structure staircase floor made of washed stone according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating another embodiment of the construction method for a steel structure staircase floor made of washed stone according to the present invention.

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1-Steel structure staircase; 11-Riser; 12-Tread;

[0039] 2-Water-washed stone composite layer; 21-Rust-preventive paint layer; 22-Cement-based interface agent layer; 23-Wire mesh; 24-Water-washed stone layer; 25-Water-washed stone topcoat layer;

[0040] 3- Stainless steel corner protectors. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] refer to Figure 1-2 The present invention discloses a steel structure staircase 1 with a washed stone floor structure, including a steel structure staircase 1 and a washed stone composite layer 2. The steel structure staircase 1 includes a riser 11 and a tread 12. The feature is that both the riser 11 and the tread 12 are provided with a washed stone composite layer 2. The washed stone composite layer 2 consists of a rust-proof paint layer 21, a cement-based interface agent layer 22, a washed stone layer 24, and a washed stone topcoat layer 25 from bottom to top.

[0046] The steel structure staircase 1 is the load-bearing foundation. Its structural form conforms to the conventional design of indoor staircases in buildings. Specifically, it includes interconnected risers 11 and treads 12. The risers 11 are set perpendicular to the ground to separate the height difference between adjacent steps, while the treads 12 are set horizontally and serve as the main area for people to step on. The washed stone composite layer 2 mainly realizes the functions of decoration and protection. The surface of the risers 11 and treads 12 of the steel structure staircase 1 is completely covered by this composite layer. The composite layer adopts a "layered stacking from bottom to top" structural design. From the side closest to the steel structure staircase 1 to the outermost side, it consists of a rust-proof paint layer 21, a cement-based interface agent layer 22, a washed stone layer 24, and a washed stone topcoat layer 25. The layers are tightly bonded to each other to form an integrated protection and decoration system.

[0047] Among them, the anti-rust paint layer 21, as the first layer in direct contact with the steel structure staircase 1, has the core function of blocking the contact path between corrosive media and steel, thus protecting the steel structure substrate from the source. In this embodiment, the anti-rust paint layer 21 includes a layered design of a first epoxy zinc-rich primer, a second epoxy zinc-rich primer, and a polyurethane topcoat, which together form a multi-layered and dense paint film structure.

[0048] The two-layer epoxy zinc-rich primer has extremely low porosity, effectively preventing moisture from cement-based materials and indoor humidity from penetrating to the steel surface during the construction of washed stone. The polyurethane topcoat further enhances the barrier effect while resisting damage to the primer from minor daily friction, preventing the formation of "corrosion channels" due to paint film damage. The high zinc powder content in the epoxy zinc-rich primer has excellent cathodic protection properties. When minor damage occurs in the paint film and the steel is exposed to a corrosive environment, the zinc powder will preferentially undergo oxidation reaction with the steel, forming an electrochemical system of "sacrificial anode protecting the cathode," preventing steel corrosion, compensating for the inadequacy of physical barriers, and extending the service life of the steel structure.

[0049] The polyurethane topcoat not only serves as the outer protective layer of the rust barrier but also acts as a transitional interface with the cement-based interface agent layer 22. The smooth surface of steel results in extremely low bonding strength when directly bonded to cement-based materials; however, the polyurethane topcoat possesses a certain degree of roughness and polarity, enabling it to form a molecular-level bond with the cement-based interface agent layer 22. This prevents overall delamination due to weak interfacial adhesion during subsequent construction, providing a stable foundation for the upper structure.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] refer to Figure 1-2 To enhance the bonding strength between the washed stone layer 24 and the cement-based interface agent layer 22, and to prevent localized cracking of the washed stone layer 24 due to uneven stress, this embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, further incorporates a wire mesh 23 between the washed stone layer 24 and the cement-based interface agent layer 22. The wire mesh 23 can disperse the shrinkage stress during the hardening process of the washed stone layer 24, preventing cracks caused by uneven shrinkage. It also enhances the overall tensile strength of the washed stone layer 24. When the structure is subjected to vibration or localized loads, the wire mesh 23 can transfer stress to a wider area, preventing localized cracking and peeling of the washed stone layer 24.

[0052] The wire mesh 23 is preferably made of fine wire mesh with a mesh size of 20 mm or less. In this embodiment, the mesh size is 10 mm × 10 mm, which has good tensile strength and bending performance and can adapt to the corner curvature of the riser 11 and tread 12 of the steel structure staircase 1. To ensure a stable connection between the wire mesh 23 and the steel structure staircase 1 and to avoid displacement during later use, the wire mesh 23 is fixed to the steel structure staircase 1 by binding or welding: when binding, galvanized iron wire is used for binding; when welding, spot welding is used, with a weld spacing of no more than 300 mm, and the weld points need to be rust-proofed, such as by applying anti-rust paint to prevent local corrosion.

[0053] Furthermore, stainless steel corner guards 3 are installed at the external corner where the riser 11 connects to the washed stone layer 24 of the tread 12. The external corner where the riser 11 and tread 12 of the steel structure staircase 1 connect is a weak point of the washed stone layer 24. Long-term exposure to foot traffic (such as kicks from toes) and the handling of items (such as impacts from the corners of boxes) can easily lead to corner damage and stone detachment. The stainless steel corner guards 3 (made of 304 / 316 steel, with strong corrosion resistance) are fitted to the corner in an "L" shape. Their high strength (yield strength ≥200MPa) can directly resist external impacts, dispersing the impact force to the corner guard itself and preventing direct damage to the corners of the washed stone layer 24. Simultaneously, the corner guards are embedded inside the washed stone layer 24, strengthening the structural integrity at the corners and preventing delamination and detachment due to weak adhesion, thus ensuring the integrity and aesthetics of the structural corners.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, a method for constructing a steel structure staircase 1 with washed stone flooring is provided, including the following steps:

[0056] S1, Base Treatment. Use sandblasting to remove impurities from the surface of the steel staircase 1 until the metal is exposed. Use clean compressed air or a brush to remove any dust after sandblasting, and wipe with a cleaning solvent to remove any oil residue. The main purpose of this step is to remove rust, oil, dust, and other impurities from the surface of the steel staircase 1, providing a good adhesion base for the subsequent anti-rust paint layer 21. Specifically, use sandblasting, maintaining a 30-45° angle between the sandblasting gun and the steel surface, with a distance controlled at 100-200mm, and spraying quartz sand at a pressure of 0.6-0.8MPa.

[0057] During the rust removal process, the sandblasting gun should be moved evenly to ensure that the risers 11, treads 12 and corners of the steel structure staircase 1 are covered until the surface is completely exposed to reveal the metal color. The rust removal grade should reach Sa2.5 (no visible grease, dirt, scale, or rust on the surface, and the remaining traces are only slight spots or streaks).

[0058] After rust removal, use compressed air or a brush to blow away any remaining sand and dust from the surface, and then wipe it clean with a solvent-based cleaner (such as alcohol or acetone) to ensure the base layer is clean and dry.

[0059] S2, Apply anti-rust primer. Apply the anti-rust primer evenly to the clean, dry surface of the steel staircase 1 until it is completely cured and dry, forming an anti-rust paint layer 21. This step involves applying the anti-rust paint in layers to form a dense anti-rust paint layer 21. The specific operation is as follows:

[0060] Apply the first coat of primer: On a clean, dry steel substrate, apply an epoxy zinc-rich primer (zinc content ≥60%) using a roller or spray gun. Ensure the dry film thickness meets the requirements, guaranteeing complete coverage without any missed areas. Avoid drips and omissions during application, paying special attention to edges and corners to ensure no areas are missed. After applying the first coat, cure according to the product instructions until the primer is fully cured and no longer sticky to the touch.

[0061] Apply the second coat of primer: Apply the second coat of epoxy zinc-rich primer. The application requirements are the same as for the first coat. In this embodiment, the total dry film thickness after the two coats are applied is 70-110μm.

[0062] Apply the third coat of paint: Apply polyurethane topcoat. After the second coat of primer has fully cured, apply the polyurethane topcoat evenly. The polyurethane topcoat should cover all primer surfaces to form a smooth and non-porous protective film. Cure until completely dry to form a rust-proof paint layer of "two coats of epoxy zinc-rich primer + one coat of polyurethane topcoat" 21.

[0063] S3, Apply interface agent. A cement-based interface agent is evenly applied to the cured and dried anti-rust paint layer 21 to form a cement-based interface agent layer 22. This step, by applying the cement-based interface agent, improves the adhesion strength between the anti-rust paint layer 21 and the washed stone layer 24 (in some embodiments, this is a wire mesh 23 and a washed stone layer 24). The specific operation is as follows:

[0064] Preparation of cement-based interface agent: Mix according to the weight ratio of "Silicate cement 400: sand 600: water 220: surfactant 40: styrene-butadiene emulsion 60: curing agent 50: adhesion promoter 20". First, stir the dry powder materials (cement and sand) evenly, then add the liquid materials (water, surfactant, styrene-butadiene emulsion, curing agent, and adhesion promoter). Stir with an electric mixer for 3-5 minutes to ensure there are no lumps and a uniform paste is formed.

[0065] During application, use a brush or roller to evenly apply the cement-based interface agent to the surface of the anti-rust paint layer 21. Apply a thicker layer at the corners of the skirting surface 11 and tread surface 12 to ensure complete coverage without any missed areas. After application, keep the interface agent moist or in a partially set state. If the environment is dry, spray with water to maintain moisture and prevent premature drying, which could reduce adhesion.

[0066] Preferred, such as Figure 4As shown, the process also includes a wire mesh installation step. After applying a cement-based interface agent and keeping the surface moist, wire mesh 23 is laid on the riser 11 and tread 12 of the steel structure staircase 1 as a mortar base framework. The wire mesh 23 has a mesh size of 20 mm or less. The wire mesh 23 is welded or tied to the steel structure staircase 1. For example, if welding is used, the weld points are treated with rust prevention, such as by applying epoxy zinc-rich primer to the weld points to prevent localized corrosion. If tying is used, galvanized iron wire is used to tie the wire mesh 23 to the embedded parts or angle steel of the steel structure, ensuring that the wire mesh 23 is flat and not loose.

[0067] S4. Attach the dividing strip to the skirting board joint of the steel structure staircase 1. This step, by attaching the dividing strip, reserves space for the subsequent skirting board joint, ensuring a neat joint after construction. Specific operations are as follows:

[0068] Based on the skirting board height and number of steps of the steel structure staircase 1, cut PVC or wooden dividing strips to a length consistent with the width of the tread 12. Use a special dividing strip adhesive to glue and fix the dividing strips at the skirting board joints, ensuring the dividing strips are vertical, flat, and tightly adhered to the base layer without any looseness.

[0069] S5, Washed Stone Construction: Prepare washed stone polymer cement mortar. The mixing ratio is "cement:sand = 1:2" by mass. Add appropriate amount of polymer emulsion (such as vinyl acetate emulsion, acrylic emulsion, styrene-butadiene rubber emulsion, etc.), appropriate amount of water, and appropriate amount of gravel. Mix with a forced mixer for 5-8 minutes to ensure that the mortar is uniform and the gravel is evenly dispersed.

[0070] When the cement-based interface agent layer 22 is moist or initially set, the washed stone polymer cement mortar is spread and pressed onto the cement-based interface agent layer 22, and repeatedly pressed with a trowel. This is the skirting surface 11. It is essential to ensure that the mortar adheres tightly to the steel plate to avoid hollow areas. The plaster thickness should be ≤5mm; excessive thickness will increase the self-weight and cracking risk. A vibrator is used to gently vibrate the mortar to ensure it is dense and free of air bubbles. Preferably, during the spreading and pressing process, stainless steel corner guards 3 are simultaneously laid at the external corner where the skirting surface 11 and the tread surface 12 meet. The corner guards are adjusted to be horizontal and vertical, and the mortar is compacted with a trowel to ensure a tight bond between the corner guards and the mortar, without any loosening.

[0071] When the surface layer of water-washed stone polymer cement mortar has initially set, it will feel slightly hard when pressed with a finger, but the cement mortar can be scratched with a fingernail. At this point, water washing can begin. Use a water gun to evenly rinse the steel structure staircase 1 from top to bottom at an angle, washing away the surface laitance and exposing approximately 1 / 3 to 1 / 2 of the stone's diameter, making it clearly visible, evenly distributed, and with a clean surface. After the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar hardens, it forms a water-washed stone layer 24.

[0072] Preferred, such as Figure 5As shown, when rinsing with a water gun, gently wipe the surface with a sponge to help remove the laitance and adjust the degree of stone exposure. If too many stones fall off in a certain area, repair and smooth it with the same proportion of the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar. After the water has dried, rinse the area again with water.

[0073] After washing, the mortar is cured at 25°C for a period of time to allow it to solidify and form a preliminary strength that is free from flow and loosening.

[0074] S6, Remove the dividing strip. After washing is complete and the washed stone polymer cement mortar has set but before it is fully hardened, remove the dividing strip from the skirting board joint. This step must be performed after the mortar has set but before it is fully hardened to avoid the dividing strip being too tightly bonded to the mortar, making removal difficult.

[0075] S7, Curing. Use a sprayer to evenly spray water onto the washed stone layer 24 to keep the surface moist, and cover it with a film for 7 days or more. Secure the edges of the film with a heavy object to prevent moisture evaporation. For the first 3 days, spray water 2-3 times daily to maintain condensation inside the film. After 3 days, reduce the frequency of spraying, but ensure the mortar surface does not dry out. This step, through moisturizing curing, ensures the washed stone layer 24 fully hardens, improving its strength and durability.

[0076] Preferred, such as Figure 5 As shown, after curing and before applying the topcoat, the baseboard joints can be sealed. First, use a vacuum cleaner or brush to remove dust and debris from the joints. If there is loose mortar, remove it with a knife, ensuring the joints are dry and clean. Then, use a caulking gun to evenly embed neutral silicone structural adhesive into the joints, ensuring the adhesive layer thickness matches the joint width. After embedding, use a scraper to smooth the adhesive surface, ensuring a tight bond between the adhesive and both sides of the joint, without air bubbles or gaps. Finally, wait for the silicone structural adhesive to fully cure, forming a waterproof sealant layer to prevent moisture from seeping into the joints.

[0077] S8, Topcoat Application. Apply a topcoat to the clean, firm, and dry washed stone layer 24 to form a washed stone topcoat layer 25. This step protects the washed stone layer 24 by applying the topcoat. Specific steps are as follows:

[0078] Substrate preparation: After the silicone structural adhesive has fully cured, wipe the surface of the water-washed stone layer 24 with a damp cloth to remove dust and stains, ensuring that the surface is clean, firm and dry.

[0079] First coat of topcoat: Use water-based acrylic topcoat and apply evenly with a spray gun or roller, using a "W" or "M" pattern. Finally, gently smooth the coat in the same direction (clockwise or counterclockwise). Avoid drips and missed areas during application, and pay special attention to corners and seams. After the first coat of topcoat, allow it to dry completely until it is ready for recoating (no stickiness to the touch, and no scratches on the paint film).

[0080] Second coat of topcoat: Apply the second coat of topcoat using the same method. After application, allow it to cure completely to form a transparent and wear-resistant protective film.

[0081] It is important to note that the second coat of paint must be applied only after the first coat is completely dry and ready for recoating. Too short an interval can lead to wrinkling and uneven adhesion, while too long an interval will affect interlayer adhesion.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steel structure staircase floor with washed stone structure, comprising a steel structure staircase and a washed stone composite layer, wherein the steel structure staircase includes risers and treads, characterized in that, Both the kick surfaces and tread surfaces are equipped with a washed stone composite layer, which consists of, from bottom to top, an anti-rust paint layer, a cement-based interface agent layer, a washed stone layer, and a washed stone topcoat layer.

2. The steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wire mesh is also laid between the washed stone layer and the cement-based interface agent layer, and the wire mesh is fixed to the steel structure staircase by binding or welding.

3. The steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-rust paint layers, from bottom to top, are a first epoxy zinc-rich primer, a second epoxy zinc-rich primer, and a polyurethane topcoat.

4. The steel structure staircase floor washed stone structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Stainless steel corner guards are also provided at the external corners of the washed stone layer where the skirting connects to the tread.

5. A method for constructing washed stone flooring on a steel structure staircase, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, Base treatment: Use sandblasting to remove impurities from the surface of the steel structure staircase until the metal is exposed. Use clean compressed air or a brush to remove the dust after sandblasting, and wipe with cleaning solvent to remove any oil residue. S2, Apply anti-rust primer. Apply anti-rust primer evenly to the clean and dry surface of the steel structure staircase until the anti-rust primer is completely cured and dry to form an anti-rust paint layer. S3, Apply interface agent: Apply cement-based interface agent evenly to the cured and dried anti-rust paint layer to form a cement-based interface agent layer. S4, Adhere the dividing strips, and attach the dividing strips to the joints of the skirting boards of the steel structure staircase; S5, Water-washed stone construction: Prepare water-washed stone polymer cement mortar. When the cement-based interface agent layer is moist or initially set, spread and press the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar onto the cement-based interface agent layer. When the surface layer of water-washed stone polymer cement mortar initially sets, start water washing. Use a water gun to rinse the steel structure staircase from top to bottom at an angle to remove the surface laitance, so that the stones are exposed at about 1 / 3-1 / 2 of their particle size. After the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar hardens, a water-washed stone layer is formed. S6, Remove the dividing strip. After the water washing is completed and the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar has set but before it has fully hardened, remove the dividing strip at the joint of the skirting board. S7, Curing: Spray water evenly onto the washed stone layer and cover it with a film for 7 days or more; S8, Topcoat Application: Apply topcoat to a clean, firm, and dry washed stone surface to form a washed stone topcoat layer.

6. The method for constructing a washed stone floor for a steel structure staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that, After step S3 and before step S4, the following steps are also included: The wire mesh installation step involves applying a cement-based interface agent and keeping the surface moist, then laying a wire mesh on the riser and tread of the steel structure staircase. The wire mesh has a mesh size of 20 mm or less. The wire mesh is welded or tied to the steel structure staircase. If welding is used, the weld points are treated with rust prevention.

7. The method for constructing a washed stone floor for a steel structure staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step S2, applying the anti-rust primer includes applying two coats of epoxy zinc-rich primer and one coat of polyurethane topcoat.

8. The method for constructing a washed stone floor for a steel structure staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, when the washed stone polymer cement mortar is spread and pressed onto the cement-based interface agent layer, stainless steel corner guards are also laid and installed at the external corner of the washed stone layer where the skirting surface connects to the tread surface. In step S5, while rinsing with a water gun, the surface is gently wiped with a sponge to help remove laitance and adjust the degree of pebble exposure; In step S5, if too many stones fall off in a localized area when rinsing with a water gun, repair and smooth the area with the same proportion of the water-washed stone polymer cement mortar, and rinse the area again after the water has dried.

9. A method for constructing a washed stone floor for a steel structure staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: After step S7 and before step S8, silicone structural adhesive is used to fill and seal the joints of the skirting board. In step S8, the topcoat is applied in two coats. The second coat is applied after the first topcoat has completely dried and is ready for recoating. The topcoat is a water-based acrylic topcoat.

10. A method for constructing a washed stone floor for a steel structure staircase according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cement-based interface agent is formulated from silicate cement, sand, water, surfactant, styrene-butadiene emulsion, curing agent, and adhesion promoter in a weight ratio of 400:600:220:40:60:50:

20. The water-washed stone polymer cement mortar includes cement, sand, polymer emulsion, water, and gravel, wherein the mass ratio of cement to sand is 1:2.

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