Soil antibiotic distribution sampling detection method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of detection of antibiotics in soil, and particularly relates to a soil antibiotic distribution sampling detection method which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a to-be-detected area, cleaning ground surface soil and sundries, and selecting points and punching detection holes in the to-be-detected area; s2, spraying water to the hole wall of the detection hole, and collecting a dissolving solution flowing downwards along the hole wall at the to-be-detected depth in the detection hole; and S3, taking the collected dissolving solution back to a laboratory, and carrying out detection and analysis. According to the device, antibiotics in soil in the range are dissolved by water flow to form a dissolving solution, the water absorption device only collects the dissolving solution of the soil in the detection depth range between the water injection spray head and the last-stage flow guide conical cylinder, and the distribution condition of the antibiotics in the soil in the specific depth is accurately collected and detected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soil antibiotic detection technology, specifically relating to a soil antibiotic distribution sampling and detection method. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of returning livestock and poultry waste to the fields, a large amount of incompletely absorbed antibiotics enter the soil environment through manure return, leading to increasingly prominent soil antibiotic pollution. Antibiotics in the soil not only disrupt the soil microbial community structure and reduce soil fertility, but may also enter the food chain through crop absorption and groundwater infiltration, posing a potential threat to plant and animal health and the human living environment. Therefore, detecting the distribution characteristics of antibiotics in soil is of significant practical importance.

[0003] Currently, the main method for sampling and detecting antibiotics in soil is the traditional soil sampling method. This involves excavating soil samples, sealing them, and bringing them back to the laboratory. Antibiotics are then extracted using pretreatment methods such as solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction, followed by analysis using instruments such as high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. However, traditional excavation sampling easily disturbs the soil structure, leading to mixing of soil at different depths and making it impossible to achieve precise stratified sampling at specific depths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a soil antibiotic distribution sampling and detection method. The method utilizes water flow to dissolve antibiotics in the soil within a certain range to form a solution. The water absorption device collects only the solution from the soil within the detection depth range between the water injection nozzle and the final guide cone, thereby achieving accurate collection and detection of antibiotic distribution in soil at a specific depth.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A method for sampling and detecting the distribution of antibiotics in soil includes the following steps: S1. Select the area to be tested, clean up the loose soil and debris on the ground, and select points within the area to be tested to drill test holes; S2. Spray water onto the wall of the test hole and collect the solution flowing down the wall at the depth to be tested inside the test hole. S3. Bring the collected solution back to the laboratory for testing and analysis.

[0006] Drilling the test hole, injecting water, and collecting the solution are all done with the help of a sampler. The sampler includes a shell and, from top to bottom, a water storage tank, a sampling tube, a water injection device, a water suction device, and a drilling device arranged on the shell.

[0007] The water injection device includes a water storage tank, a water injection pump, and a spray ring. The spray ring has multiple sets of water injection nozzles arranged in a ring array around its periphery. Water in the water storage tank flows to the spray ring with the help of the water injection pump and is sprayed along the water injection nozzles onto the inner wall of the detection hole.

[0008] The water absorption device includes a guide cone and a water pump. The guide cone has a funnel-shaped structure and multiple sets are arranged along the axial direction of the sampler. The narrow opening of the upper-level guide cone is connected to the wide opening of the lower-level guide cone. The wide opening diameter of the lower-level guide cone is larger than that of the upper-level guide cone. A water collection tank is provided below the last-level guide cone. The gap between adjacent guide cones forms a water absorption channel to guide the dissolved liquid to flow into the water collection tank. The dissolved liquid in the water collection tank is pumped into the sampling tube by the water pump.

[0009] The water absorption device also includes a filter screen, which is attached to the outside of the guide cone. The dissolved liquid enters the water absorption channel after being filtered by the filter screen.

[0010] The drilling device includes a rotary motor and a spiral drill rod that is driven and connected to the rotary motor.

[0011] The water injection device and the water suction device together form a spray collection section, and the drilling device is connected to the spray collection section as a whole by means of an extension rod.

[0012] The specific usage of the sampler is as follows: Q1. First, use a drilling device to drill holes in the ground of the area to be tested to form test holes. The depth of the test holes should be greater than the length of the spray collection section. Q2. Pull out the drilling device. The soil in the test hole will be pulled out along with the drilling device. After removing the soil attached to the drilling device, insert the drilling device back into the bottom of the test hole and continue drilling deeper until the spray collection section is fully extended into the test hole. At this time, the soil generated by the drilling device will be temporarily stored at the extension rod and will accumulate under the water absorption device to form a support. Q3. Turn on the water spray, and then the water suction device will work to collect the solution and draw it into the sampling tube; Q4. After initializing the sampler, continue sampling at the next set of selected points within the area to be detected.

[0013] The specific steps for initialization described in step Q4 are as follows: Q401. Pull the sampler out of the detection hole and remove the previous set of sampling tubes; Q402. Spray water onto the water absorption device, then draw the water from the water absorption device toward the installation port of the sampling tube until no water is discharged from the installation port of the sampling tube. At this point, install the next set of sampling tubes to complete the initialization.

[0014] The sampler housing is also equipped with a handrail and a controller. The controller is powered by a battery inside the housing and controls the start and stop of the water injection device, water suction device, and drilling device.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: In this invention, the detection hole penetrates directly to the target depth, and the hole wall is the original soil profile, undisturbed. Water is sprayed onto the hole wall to dissolve and sample the soil with an intact structure. The water flows slowly down the hole wall, only contacting the soil within and below the detection depth. The water dissolves the antibiotics in the soil within this range to form a solution. The water absorption device only collects the solution from the soil within the detection depth range between the water injection nozzle and the final guide cone, thus achieving precise collection and detection of the distribution of antibiotics in soil at a specific depth. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the sampler; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampler; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure during a single drilling operation for the sampler; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure during secondary drilling of the sampler; In the attached diagram, 1 is the detection hole, 2 is the housing, 3 is the water storage tank, 4 is the sampling tube, 5 is the water injection device, 501 is the water injection pump, 502 is the spray ring, 503 is the water injection nozzle, 6 is the water suction device, 601 is the guide cone, 602 is the water suction pump, 603 is the water collection tank, 604 is the filter screen, 7 is the drilling device, 701 is the rotary motor, 702 is the auger drill rod, 8 is the extension rod, 9 is the spray collection section, 10 is the handrail, 11 is the controller, and 12 is the battery. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Specific embodiments, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a method for sampling and detecting the distribution of antibiotics in soil, comprising the following steps: S1. Select the area to be tested, clean up the loose soil and debris on the ground, and drill test holes 1 at selected points within the area to be tested; S2. Spray water onto the wall of the detection hole 1, and collect the solution flowing down the wall of the hole at the depth to be detected in the detection hole 1. S3. Bring the collected solution back to the laboratory for testing and analysis.

[0018] In this invention, the detection hole 1 penetrates directly to the target depth. The hole wall is the original soil profile and is undisturbed. After water is sprayed onto the hole wall, the water flows slowly down the hole wall and only comes into contact with the soil in the hole wall within and below the detection depth. The water dissolves the antibiotics in the soil within this range to form a solution. The water absorption device 6 only collects the solution from the soil within the detection depth range between the water injection nozzle 503 and the final guide cone 601, thus achieving accurate collection and detection of the distribution of antibiotics in the soil at a specific depth.

[0019] When testing for antibiotics, multiple tests need to be conducted in the area to be tested. Traditional sampling methods require a large amount of soil samples to be collected. However, the detection method in this invention only collects the solution and does not actually collect soil samples. This not only makes it convenient to carry and transport, but also allows the test well 1 to be refilled after sampling, reducing damage to the soil structure.

[0020] In addition, since some antibiotics are insoluble in water, the water sprayed onto the wall of the detection well 1 in this invention can be replaced with other organic solvents that are harmless to the soil, such as ethanol, depending on the type of antibiotic to be detected. When selecting an organic solvent, it is necessary to avoid the crop and the surrounding 30cm of the detection well 1 to prevent damage to the crop.

[0021] like Figure 1-2 As shown, drilling the detection hole 1, injecting water, and collecting the solution are all carried out using a sampler. The sampler includes a housing 2 and, from top to bottom, a water storage tank 3, a sampling tube 4, a water injection device 5, a water suction device 6, and a drilling device 7, all mounted on the housing 2.

[0022] The sampler in this invention integrates drilling, water injection, and collection of dissolved liquid, eliminating the need for frequent equipment changes. It is easy to carry and operate in the field while improving sampling efficiency.

[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the water injection device 5 includes a water storage tank 3, a water injection pump 501, and a spray ring 502. The spray ring 502 has multiple sets of water injection nozzles 503 arranged in a ring array around its periphery. Water in the water storage tank 3 flows to the spray ring 502 with the help of the water injection pump 501 and is sprayed along the water injection nozzles 503 onto the inner wall of the detection hole 1.

[0024] Multiple sets of water injection nozzles 503 are arranged in a ring array around the spray ring 502. When water is injected, a ring-shaped water curtain is formed, which is evenly sprayed on all directions of the inner wall of the detection hole 1 to ensure that the soil of the hole wall is evenly moistened throughout the entire area. At the same time, the water injection pump 501 controls the water flow pressure so that the water falls slowly on the hole wall in the form of spraying, rather than high pressure impact, to avoid the collapse of the hole wall caused by high pressure water flow, and at the same time, it allows the water that dissolves antibiotics to flow down the hole wall.

[0025] In addition, the spray ring 502 is fitted outside the sampler housing 2 and a pin is provided between it and the housing 2. Multiple sets of pin holes are provided on the housing 2 from top to bottom. The distance between the spray ring 502 and the water suction device 6 can be adjusted on site as needed to adjust the range of soil layer depth to meet the needs of different sampling and testing.

[0026] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the water absorption device 6 includes a guide cone 601 and a water pump 602. The guide cone 601 has a funnel-shaped structure and multiple sets are arranged along the axial direction of the sampler. The narrow opening of the upper-level guide cone 601 is connected to the wide opening of the lower-level guide cone 601. The diameter of the wide opening of the lower-level guide cone 601 is larger than that of the upper-level guide cone 601. A water collection tank 603 is provided below the last-level guide cone 601. The gap between adjacent guide cones 601 forms a water absorption channel to guide the dissolved liquid to flow into the water collection tank 603. The dissolved liquid in the water collection tank 603 is pumped into the sampling tube 4 by the water pump 602.

[0027] The diameter difference between adjacent guide cones 601 is about 1 cm, and adjacent guide cones 601 are connected to form a whole by connecting plates. By setting water suction channels of different diameters, the blockage or leakage of the solution caused by a single channel can be avoided.

[0028] Multiple sets of connecting plates are arranged in a hub shape, and the dissolving liquid enters the water collection tank 603 through the water absorption channel between adjacent connecting plates.

[0029] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the water absorption device 6 also includes a filter screen 604, which is attached to the outside of the guide cone 601. The dissolved liquid enters the water absorption channel after being filtered by the filter screen 604.

[0030] When the solution flows along the hole wall, it will carry a small amount of solid impurities such as fine soil particles and plant residues. If these impurities enter the water collection tank 603, they will not only contaminate the solution, but also easily cause the water pump 602 to be blocked. Therefore, a filter screen 604 is provided to filter the solution, purify the sample and prevent solid impurities from blocking the water pump 602.

[0031] In addition, the width of the water collection tank 603 is slightly larger than that of the final stage guide cone 601, so as to ensure that the filter screen 604 will not come into contact with the hole wall during the process of the sampler going deep into the detection hole 1, and to prevent the filter screen 604 from detaching from the guide cone 601.

[0032] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the drilling device 7 includes a rotary motor 701 and a spiral drill rod 702 that is driven and connected to the rotary motor 701.

[0033] like Figure 1-2As shown, the water injection device 5 and the water suction device 6 together form the spray collection section 9, and the drilling device 7 is connected to the spray collection section 9 as a whole by means of the extension rod 8.

[0034] The fixed end of the rotary motor 701 is fixedly connected to the extension rod 8. A housing 2 is also provided on the outside of the rotary motor 701 to prevent wear of the rotary motor 701 during drilling. The extension rod 8 separates the drilling device 7 from the spray collection section 9. Soil debris generated by the auger rod 702 during drilling will be temporarily stored at the extension rod 8 and will not directly contact the water injection nozzle 503, the guide cone 601 and other components of the spray collection section 9, thus preventing soil debris from contaminating these components and ensuring the purity of the samples in the subsequent water injection and collection processes.

[0035] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the specific usage of the sampler is as follows: Q1. First, use drilling device 7 to drill holes in the ground of the area to be tested to form test holes 1. The depth of test holes 1 is greater than the length of the spray collection section 9. Figure 3 As shown,; Q2. Pull out the drilling device 7. The soil adhering to the drilling device 7 in the test hole 1 will be pulled out together with it. After removing the soil adhering to the drilling device 7, insert the drilling device 7 back into the bottom of the test hole 1, and then continue drilling deeper until the spray collection section 9 is fully extended into the test hole 1. At this time, the soil generated by the drilling device 7 is temporarily stored at the extension rod 8 and accumulates under the water absorption device 6 to form support. Figure 4 As shown; Q3. Turn on the water spray, and then the water suction device 6 will work to collect the solution and draw it into the sampling tube 4. Q4. After initializing the sampler, continue sampling at the next set of selected points within the area to be detected.

[0036] In step Q1, the drilling depth is greater than the length of the spray collection section 9, leaving enough space for the subsequent spray collection section 9 to fully enter the detection hole 1. In step Q2, because the bottom of the water collection tank 603 is relatively wide, it will intercept the soil generated by the drilling device 7 and temporarily store it at the extension rod 8. At this time, the resistance of the auger rod 702 is large, making it difficult to continue downward, indicating that the spray collection section 9 has reached the specified depth.

[0037] The specific steps for initialization described in step Q4 are as follows: Q401. Pull the sampler out of the detection hole 1 and remove the previous set of sampling tubes 4; Q402. Spray water onto the water absorption device 6, and then draw the water from the water absorption device 6 to the installation port of the sampling tube 4 until no water is discharged from the installation port of the sampling tube 4. At this time, install the next set of sampling tubes 4 to complete the initialization.

[0038] Water is sprayed onto the water absorption device 6, and the cleaning water enters the water collection tank 603. At the same time, the water suction pump 602 is turned on to extract the cleaning water from the water collection tank 603. After extraction, the water suction pump 602 is kept on until it sucks air and pushes out the residual liquid in the water collection tank 603 and the guide cone 601 until there is no water at the installation port. The water suction pump 602 completely discharges the water suction channel, the water collection tank 603, and the water suction pump 602, ensuring that there is no residue inside the water absorption device 6. Then, a new sampling tube 4 is installed to prevent cross-contamination from the source and ensure that the test results of each group of samples accurately reflect the soil antibiotic content at the corresponding point.

[0039] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the sampler housing 2 is also equipped with a handrail and a controller 11. The controller 11 is powered by the battery 12 inside the housing 2. The controller 11 controls the start and stop of the water injection device 5, the water suction device 6 and the drilling device 7.

[0040] The handrail makes it easy for operators to hold and stabilize the sampler, preventing it from shaking during operation.

Claims

1. A method for sampling and detecting antibiotic distribution in soil, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1, selecting a detection area, cleaning the ground and selecting a detection hole (1) in the detection area; S2, spraying water to the wall of the detection hole (1), collecting the dissolved liquid flowing along the wall at the detection depth in the detection hole (1); S3, taking the collected dissolved liquid back to the laboratory for detection and analysis.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The detection hole (1), water injection and dissolved liquid collection are all assisted by a sampler, and the sampler comprises a shell (2), a water storage tank (3), a sampling pipe (4), a water injection device (5), a water suction device (6) and a drilling device (7) arranged on the shell (2) from top to bottom.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The water injection device (5) comprises the water storage tank (3), a water injection pump (501) and a spraying ring (502), a plurality of groups of water injection nozzles (503) are arranged in an annular array on the side of the spraying ring (502), water in the water storage tank (3) flows to the spraying ring (502) by means of the water injection pump (501), and is sprayed to the inner wall of the detection hole (1) along the water injection nozzles (503).

4. The method of claim 2, wherein, The water suction device (6) comprises a flow guide cone cylinder (601) and a water suction pump (602), the flow guide cone cylinder (601) is in a funnel structure and is arranged in multiple groups in the axial direction of the sampler, the narrow opening of the upper flow guide cone cylinder (601) is connected to the wide opening of the lower flow guide cone cylinder (601), the wide opening of the lower flow guide cone cylinder (601) has a larger diameter than the wide opening of the upper flow guide cone cylinder (601), the lower end of the last flow guide cone cylinder (601) is provided with a water collecting tank (603), the gap between adjacent flow guide cone cylinders (601) forms a water suction channel for guiding the dissolved liquid to flow into the water collecting tank (603), and the dissolved liquid in the water collecting tank (603) is pumped into the sampling pipe (4) by means of the water suction pump (602).

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the soil antibiotic distribution sampling and detection method is characterized by, The water suction device (6) further comprises a filter screen (604), the filter screen (604) is buckled to the outside of the flow guide cone cylinder (601), and the dissolved liquid enters the water suction channel after being filtered by the filter screen (604).

6. The method of claim 2, wherein, The drilling device (7) comprises a rotary motor (701) and a spiral drill rod (702) drivingly connected with the rotary motor (701).

7. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The water injection device (5) and the water suction device (6) jointly form a spraying and collecting section (9), and the drilling device (7) is connected with the spraying and collecting section (9) as a whole by means of an extension rod (8).

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the soil antibiotic distribution sampling and detection method is characterized by, The specific use of the sampler is as follows: Q1, first, the drilling device (7) is used to drill a detection hole (1) on the ground in the detection area, the depth of the detection hole (1) is greater than the length of the spraying and collecting section (9); Q2, the drilling device (7) is pulled out, the soil in the detection hole (1) is attached to the drilling device (7) and pulled out together, after the soil attached to the drilling device (7) is removed, the drilling device (7) is inserted into the bottom of the detection hole (1) again, then the drilling is continued, the spraying and collecting section (9) is completely extended into the detection hole (1), at this time, the soil generated by the drilling device (7) is temporarily stored at the extension rod (8) and accumulated under the water suction device (6) to form support. Q3, open the water injection spray, then the water suction device (6) works, the dissolved liquid is collected and pumped into the sampling tube (4); Q4, after initializing the sampler, continue sampling in the next group of selected points in the area to be detected.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein, The specific steps of the initialization in step Q4 are as follows: Q401, pull out the sampler in the detection hole (1), and disassemble the last group of sampling tubes (4); Q402, water the water suction device (6), then draw the water in the water suction device (6) to the mounting port of the sampling tube (4), until no water is discharged at the mounting port of the sampling tube (4), at this time, the next group of sampling tubes (4) is installed, and the initialization is completed.

10. The method of claim 2, wherein the method is used for soil antibiotic distribution sampling and detection. The shell (2) of the sampler is further provided with a handrail (10) and a controller (11), the controller (11) is powered by a battery (12) in the shell (2), and the controller (11) controls the start and stop of the water injection device (5), the water suction device (6) and the drilling device (7).

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