Split type shear ram for blowout preventer

Abstract

The application discloses a split type shearing ram for blowout preventer, which comprises an upper shearing ram assembly and a lower shearing ram assembly. The upper shearing ram assembly comprises an upper shearing ram body, an upper shearing cutter body and a first clamping plate. The upper shearing cutter body is in concave-convex cooperation with the upper shearing ram body and is connected through a fastening screw. The upper shearing ram body is connected with a first ram shaft through the first clamping plate. The lower shearing ram assembly comprises a lower shearing ram body, a lower shearing cutter body and a second clamping plate. The lower shearing ram body is in concave-convex cooperation and sliding connection with the upper shearing cutter body. The lower shearing cutter body is in concave-convex cooperation with the lower shearing ram body and is connected through a fastening screw. Meanwhile, the cutting edge of the lower shearing cutter body corresponds to the cutting edge of the upper shearing cutter body. The lower shearing ram body is connected with a second ram shaft through the second clamping plate. The first ram shaft and the second ram shaft are located on the same horizontal line. The application has low maintenance cost, good shearing stability, reliable connection, convenient disassembly and assembly and strong shearing capacity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blowout preventer technology, specifically a split-type shear gate for blowout preventers. Background Technology

[0002] In oil and gas drilling operations, blowout preventers (BOPs) are core equipment for ensuring drilling safety. One of their core functions is to rapidly shear the drill string in emergencies such as blowouts using a shear gate, thereby preventing the ejection of high-pressure fluids. Ultra-high-strength shear gates can shear any part of the drill string, including the drill pipe body, drill pipe joints, and drill collars, providing ultimate protection for well control safety. Their performance requirements are extremely stringent. Therefore, the shearing performance, operational reliability, ease of operation, maintenance costs, and maintainability of ultra-high-strength shear gates directly determine the safety level, construction efficiency, and overall operating costs of drilling operations.

[0003] However, existing blowout preventer shear gates have the following main technical defects:

[0004] Structural design limitations: Existing high-power shearing gates all adopt an integrated structure of gate body and shearing blade body. If the shearing blade body fails due to wear, chipping, or other reasons, the entire gate needs to be replaced, resulting in extremely high maintenance costs. Moreover, the integrated structure is difficult to process, especially the V-shaped shearing blade edge, which requires high precision control and has high processing costs. Insufficient shearing stability: The connection between the blade and the gate body of some split shear gates is unreliable, which can easily lead to loosening or displacement of the blade when shearing high-pressure and high-strength tubular columns, resulting in dispersion of shearing force; at the same time, the lack of effective limiting when the upper and lower gates are closed can easily cause vertical misalignment, further resulting in loss of shearing force, or even failure to complete the shearing operation. Poor ease of disassembly and assembly: Existing high-strength shear gates and gate shafts mostly use pin connections for positioning, which makes disassembly difficult after long-term use. At the same time, their limiting components are prone to loosening, affecting the stability of the connection.

[0005] Therefore, providing a split-type shear gate for blowout preventers is a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a split-type shear gate for blowout preventers, which has reliable connection, convenient disassembly and assembly, stable shearing force, and low maintenance cost. It is especially suitable for the ultra-strong shearing requirements of blowout preventers in oil and gas drilling under high pressure and high load conditions.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer, comprising: An upper shear gate assembly includes an upper shear gate body, an upper shear blade body, and a first clamping plate. The upper shear blade body and the upper shear gate body are in a concave-convex fit and connected by fastening screws. The upper shear gate body is connected to a first gate shaft through the first clamping plate. A lower shear gate assembly includes a lower shear gate body, a lower shear blade body, and a second clamping plate. The lower shear gate body and the lower shear blade body are in a concave-convex fit and slidably connected. The lower shear blade body and the lower shear gate body are in a concave-convex fit and connected by fastening screws. The cutting edge of the lower shear blade body corresponds to the cutting edge of the upper shear blade body. The lower shear gate body is connected to a second gate shaft through the second clamping plate. The first gate shaft and the second gate shaft are located on the same horizontal line.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper shear gate body has long sliders on both sides of its front part, and the lower shear gate body has grooves on both inner sides of its front part. The long sliders are fitted into the grooves to achieve sliding connection and vertical positioning.

[0009] Furthermore, the interior of the upper shear gate body forms an upper receiving groove for accommodating the upper shear blade, and the top plane of the upper receiving groove has multiple upper threaded holes; the two sides of the upper receiving groove have upper retaining grooves; the two sides of the upper shear blade are provided with upper retaining blocks, and the plane of the upper shear blade has multiple upper countersunk holes corresponding to the upper threaded holes; the upper retaining blocks are inserted into the upper retaining grooves, and the fastening screws pass through the upper countersunk holes and are tightened into the upper threaded holes; The lower shear gate body has a lower receiving groove inside for accommodating the lower shear blade body. The bottom plane of the lower receiving groove has multiple threaded holes. The lower receiving groove has lower retaining grooves on both sides. The lower shear blade body has lower retaining blocks on both sides. The plane of the lower shear blade body has multiple countersunk holes corresponding to the threaded holes. The lower retaining blocks are inserted into the lower retaining grooves, and the fastening screws pass through the countersunk holes and are tightened into the threaded holes.

[0010] Furthermore, the front part of the upper shear gate body has an upper V-shaped groove that connects with the upper receiving groove, and the end face of the upper V-shaped groove is inclined; the front part of the lower shear gate body has a lower V-shaped groove that connects with the lower receiving groove, and the end face of the lower V-shaped groove is inclined; the cutting edge of the upper shear blade and the cutting edge of the lower shear blade are both V-shaped cutting edges, and the end face of the V-shaped cutting edge is an inclined surface or a double inclined surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper shear gate body has a first circular blind hole at its rear, and a first groove that intersects and communicates with the first circular blind hole on one side or top of the rear of the upper shear gate body. The upper shear gate body also has a first through hole that communicates with the first groove on the other side or bottom of the rear. The first gate shaft is inserted into the first circular blind hole. The first clamping plate is inserted into the first groove and the first through hole and is engaged with the first gate shaft. The lower shear gate body has a second circular blind hole at its rear. The lower shear gate body has a second groove that intersects with the second circular blind hole on one side or top of its rear. The lower shear gate body has a second through hole that intersects with the second groove on the other side or bottom of its rear. The second gate shaft is inserted into the second circular blind hole. The second clamping plate is inserted into the second groove and the second through hole and is engaged with the second gate shaft.

[0012] Furthermore, the first and second clamping plates have the same structure, both having a U-shaped arm; the first and second gate shafts have the same structure, both having an annular groove, and the U-shaped arm is embedded in the annular groove to achieve clamping.

[0013] Furthermore, the split-type shear gate for the blowout preventer also includes two T-shaped blocks. The first and second clamping plates have the same structure, each having multiple spaced fixing grooves. The upper end of the first groove has a first T-shaped groove extending in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the second groove has a second T-shaped groove extending in the vertical direction. The two T-shaped blocks are respectively embedded in the first T-shaped groove and the second T-shaped groove until their bottom steps are engaged in the fixing grooves.

[0014] Therefore, the present invention provides a split-type shear gate for blowout preventers, which has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1) Split-type structure, low maintenance cost The shearing blade body and the shearing gate body adopt a separate design and are fixed by concave-convex fit and screw connection. When the shearing blade body is worn or damaged, only the blade body needs to be replaced, without disassembling or replacing the entire shearing gate body, which significantly reduces maintenance costs and downtime.

[0015] 2) High shear stability, avoiding shear force loss. The upper and lower shear gate bodies are respectively equipped with long sliders and grooves on both sides. When closed, they first form a vertical interlock limit to ensure accurate alignment when the two shear blades are misaligned and joined together, avoiding the dispersion of shearing force caused by misalignment during the shearing process, and improving the reliability and stability of shearing.

[0016] 3) Reliable connection and easy assembly / disassembly The shear gate body is connected to the gate shaft via a clamping plate, and uses a U-shaped arm and an annular groove for engagement, with T-shaped blocks for limiting the position. The structure is simple and easy to assemble and disassemble, while effectively limiting the up-and-down swaying of the shear gate body during the shearing process, ensuring the reliability of the connection under long-term use.

[0017] 4) Stronger shearing capacity, adaptable to complex tubing. The shearing cutter has a V-shaped cutting edge, and the end face of the V-shaped cutting edge is a double inclined surface (with multiple inclined steps at different angles). During the shearing process, it can gradually decompose the shearing stress of the tubing, improve shearing efficiency and cutting ability, and reliably shear large-size, high-strength tubing such as drill pipe body, drill pipe joint and drill collar.

[0018] 5) Good processability The split structure reduces the machining difficulty of key parts of the shearing blade, facilitates control of critical cutting edge precision, and improves product performance stability. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 The attached figure is an exploded view of a split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the upper shear gate body provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the upper shear gate body provided by the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the lower shear gate body provided by the present invention; Figure 5 The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the lower shear gate body provided by the present invention from another perspective; Figure 6 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of another form of the lower shear gate body provided by the present invention; Figure 7 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the upper shearing blade provided by the present invention; Figure 8 The attached figure is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper shearing blade provided by the present invention; Figure 9 The attached figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first card plate provided by the present invention; Figure 10The attached figure is a structural schematic diagram of the first gate shaft provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] like Figure 1-10 As shown in the figure, this invention discloses a split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer, including an upper shear gate assembly and a lower shear gate assembly. The upper shear gate assembly includes an upper shear gate body 1, an upper shear blade 2, and a first clamping plate 3. The upper shear blade 2 is in a concave-convex fit with the upper shear gate body 1 and is connected by fastening screws. The upper shear gate body 1 is connected to a first gate shaft 4 through the first clamping plate 3. The lower shear gate assembly includes a lower shear gate body 5, a lower shear blade 6, and a second clamping plate 7. The lower shear gate body 5 is in a concave-convex fit with the lower shear blade 6 and is slidably connected. The lower shear blade 6 is in a concave-convex fit with the lower shear gate body 5 and is connected by fastening screws. At the same time, the blade edge of the lower shear blade 6 corresponds to the blade edge position of the upper shear blade 2. The lower shear gate body 5 is connected to a second gate shaft 8 through the second clamping plate 7. The first gate shaft 4 and the second gate shaft 8 are located on the same horizontal line. This invention adopts a split structure, with the upper and lower shear blades respectively connected to the corresponding shear gate body through a concave-convex fit and screws for detachable connection. When the shear blade is worn, only the blade needs to be replaced, without replacing the entire shear gate, resulting in low maintenance costs and short downtime. At the same time, the lower shear gate body and the upper shear gate body are connected by a concave-convex fit and sliding connection, realizing the guidance and limiting when the upper and lower gate components are closed.

[0023] Specifically, the upper shear gate body 1 has long sliders 11 on both sides of the front part, and the lower shear gate body 5 has grooves 51 on both inner sides of the front part. The long sliders 11 are fitted into the grooves 51 to achieve sliding connection and vertical positioning. Through the fitted sliding cooperation between the long sliders 11 and the grooves 51, the upper and lower shear gate assemblies form a vertical interlocking guide when closed, ensuring that the two shear blades are accurately aligned and closed, avoiding the dispersion of shearing force caused by misalignment during the shearing process, and significantly improving the shearing stability and reliability.

[0024] Specifically, the upper shear gate body 1 has an upper receiving groove inside for accommodating the upper shear blade 2, and the top plane of the upper receiving groove has multiple upper threaded holes 12; the upper receiving groove has upper retaining grooves 13 on both sides; the upper shear blade 2 has upper retaining blocks 21 on both sides, and the plane of the upper shear blade 2 has multiple upper countersunk holes 22 corresponding to the upper threaded holes 12; the upper retaining blocks 21 are inserted into the upper retaining grooves 13, and the fastening screws pass through the upper countersunk holes 22 and are tightened into the upper threaded holes 12; the lower shear gate body 5 has a lower receiving groove inside for accommodating the lower shear blade 6, and the bottom plane of the lower receiving groove has multiple lower threaded holes 52; the lower receiving groove has lower retaining grooves 53 on both sides; the lower shear blade 6 has lower retaining blocks on both sides, and the plane of the lower shear blade 6 has multiple lower countersunk holes corresponding to the lower threaded holes 52; the lower retaining blocks are inserted into the lower retaining grooves 53, and the fastening screws pass through the lower countersunk holes and are tightened into the lower threaded holes 52. This invention achieves vertical positioning of the blade body within the gate body through the interlocking of the locking block and the locking groove, facilitating disassembly. Combined with the fastening connection of screws, a double fixation is formed, ensuring that the blade body does not loosen or shift when shearing high-pressure, high-strength tubular columns, ensuring reliable connection and stable transmission of shearing force.

[0025] Specifically, the front part of the upper shear gate body 1 has an upper V-shaped groove 14 that connects to the upper receiving groove, and the end face of the upper V-shaped groove 14 is inclined; the front part of the lower shear gate body 5 has a lower V-shaped groove 54 that connects to the lower receiving groove, and the end face of the lower V-shaped groove 54 is inclined; the cutting edge of the upper shear cutter body 2 and the cutting edge of the lower shear cutter body 6 are both V-shaped cutting edges, and the end face of the V-shaped cutting edge is an inclined surface or a double inclined surface. In this embodiment, it is a double inclined surface, that is, it has a first inclined surface 23 and a second inclined surface 24 with a different inclination angle from the first inclined surface 23. The cutting edge end face of the present invention adopts a double inclined surface design, which gradually decomposes the shear stress of the tubing during the shearing process, reduces instantaneous impact, improves shearing efficiency and cutting ability, and can reliably shear large-size, high-strength tubing such as drill pipe body, drill pipe joint, and drill collar.

[0026] Specifically, the upper shear gate body 1 has a first circular blind hole 15 at its rear, a first groove 16 that intersects and communicates with the first circular blind hole 15 on one side or top of the rear of the upper shear gate body 1, and a first through hole 17 that communicates with the first groove 16 on the other side or bottom of the rear of the upper shear gate body 1; the first gate shaft 4 is inserted into the first circular blind hole 15; the first locking plate 3 is inserted into the first groove 16 and the first through hole 17 and is engaged with the first gate shaft 4; the lower shear gate body 5 has a second circular blind hole 55 at its rear, a second groove 56 that intersects and communicates with the second circular blind hole 55 on one side or top of the rear of the lower shear gate body 5, and a second through hole 57 that communicates with the second groove 56 on the other side or bottom of the rear of the lower shear gate body 5; the second gate shaft 8 is inserted into the second circular blind hole 55; the second locking plate 7 is inserted into the second groove 56 and the second through hole 57 and is engaged with the second gate shaft 8. The present invention has a clamping plate that is inserted into the groove and through hole and engages with the gate shaft, realizing quick connection and separation of the gate body and the gate shaft. No special tools are required for disassembly and assembly, and the operation is convenient. At the same time, the clamping plate forms a circumferential limit on the gate shaft, effectively limiting the up and down sway of the gate body during shearing and ensuring the reliability of the connection under long-term use.

[0027] Specifically, the first clamping plate 3 and the second clamping plate 7 have the same structure, both equipped with U-shaped arms 31; the first gate shaft 4 and the second gate shaft 8 have the same structure, both having annular grooves 41, and the U-shaped arms 31 are embedded in the annular grooves 41 to achieve a snap-fit. The snap-fit ​​cooperation between the U-shaped arms 31 and the annular grooves 41 of this invention forms a surface contact type limiting, which has a larger contact area and better force uniformity compared with the traditional pin connection, making the connection more robust and reliable, while also facilitating disassembly and maintenance.

[0028] To further optimize the technical solution of the present invention, a split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer also includes two T-shaped blocks 9. The first clamping plate 3 and the second clamping plate 7 have the same structure, both having multiple spaced fixing grooves 32. The upper end of the first groove 16 has a first T-shaped groove 18 extending vertically, and the upper end of the second groove 56 has a second T-shaped groove 58 extending vertically. The two T-shaped blocks 9 are respectively embedded in the first T-shaped groove 18 and the second T-shaped groove 58 until their bottom steps are engaged in the fixing grooves 32. In this invention, the T-shaped blocks 9 are embedded in the T-shaped grooves 18 and engage with the fixing grooves 32 of the clamping plate, forming a lateral limit on the clamping plate, preventing the clamping plate from coming off due to vibration or impact during use, and further enhancing the connection reliability; the multiple spaced fixing grooves 32 can adjust the position of the clamping plate as needed, improving assembly flexibility.

[0029] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0030] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer, characterized in that, include: An upper shear gate assembly includes an upper shear gate body, an upper shear blade body, and a first clamping plate. The upper shear blade body and the upper shear gate body are in a concave-convex fit and connected by fastening screws. The upper shear gate body is connected to a first gate shaft through the first clamping plate. A lower shear gate assembly includes a lower shear gate body, a lower shear blade body, and a second clamping plate. The lower shear gate body and the lower shear blade body are in a concave-convex fit and slidably connected. The lower shear blade body and the lower shear gate body are in a concave-convex fit and connected by fastening screws. The cutting edge of the lower shear blade body corresponds to the cutting edge of the upper shear blade body. The lower shear gate body is connected to a second gate shaft through the second clamping plate. The first gate shaft and the second gate shaft are located on the same horizontal line.

2. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper shear gate body has long sliders on both sides of its front part, and the lower shear gate body has grooves on both inner sides of its front part. The long sliders are fitted into the grooves to achieve sliding connection and vertical positioning.

3. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper shear gate body has an internal upper receiving groove for accommodating the upper shear blade body. The top plane of the upper receiving groove has multiple upper threaded holes. The upper receiving groove has upper retaining grooves on both sides. The upper shear blade body has upper retaining blocks on both sides. The upper shear blade body has multiple upper countersunk holes corresponding to the upper threaded holes. The upper retaining blocks are inserted into the upper retaining grooves, and fastening screws pass through the upper countersunk holes and are tightened into the upper threaded holes. The lower shear gate body has a lower receiving groove inside for accommodating the lower shear blade body. The bottom plane of the lower receiving groove has multiple threaded holes. The lower receiving groove has lower retaining grooves on both sides. The lower shear blade body has lower retaining blocks on both sides. The plane of the lower shear blade body has multiple countersunk holes corresponding to the threaded holes. The lower retaining blocks are inserted into the lower retaining grooves, and the fastening screws pass through the countersunk holes and are tightened into the threaded holes.

4. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front part of the upper shear gate body has an upper V-shaped groove that connects with the upper receiving groove, and the end face of the upper V-shaped groove is inclined; the front part of the lower shear gate body has a lower V-shaped groove that connects with the lower receiving groove, and the end face of the lower V-shaped groove is inclined; the cutting edge of the upper shear blade and the cutting edge of the lower shear blade are both V-shaped cutting edges, and the end face of the V-shaped cutting edge is an inclined surface or a double inclined surface.

5. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper shear gate body has a first circular blind hole at its rear part, and a first groove that intersects with the first circular blind hole on one side or top of the rear part of the upper shear gate body. The upper shear gate body has a first through hole that communicates with the first groove on the other side or bottom of the rear part. The first gate shaft is inserted into the first circular blind hole. The first clamping plate is inserted into the first groove and the first through hole and is clamped to the first gate shaft. The lower shear gate body has a second circular blind hole at its rear. The lower shear gate body has a second groove that intersects with the second circular blind hole on one side or top of its rear. The lower shear gate body has a second through hole that intersects with the second groove on the other side or bottom of its rear. The second gate shaft is inserted into the second circular blind hole. The second clamping plate is inserted into the second groove and the second through hole and is engaged with the second gate shaft.

6. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first and second clamping plates have the same structure and are both provided with U-shaped arms; the first and second gate shafts have the same structure and are both provided with annular grooves, and the U-shaped arms are embedded in the annular grooves to achieve clamping.

7. A split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The split-type shear gate for a blowout preventer also includes two T-shaped blocks. The first and second clamping plates have the same structure, each having multiple spaced fixing grooves. The upper end of the first groove has a first T-shaped groove extending in the vertical direction, and the upper end of the second groove has a second T-shaped groove extending in the vertical direction. The two T-shaped blocks are respectively embedded in the first T-shaped groove and the second T-shaped groove until their bottom steps are engaged in the fixing grooves.

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