Multi-channel precision lubrication control system and method for wheel hub numerical control machine tool unit

Abstract

A multi-channel precision lubrication control system and method for wheel hub numerical control machine tool units, the system includes oil-water mixture delivery channel, compressed air delivery channel, liquid spray channel and purge channel, oil-water mixture from the oil tank into the sprayer by oil pump, compressed air through the first valve into the corresponding sprayer, oil-water mixture and compressed air mixed in the sprayer, from the nozzle to the corresponding processing site of the hub, compressed air through the second valve to the hub clamp, the system also includes: for according to the instruction code corresponding to each processing site in the numerical control program to control each first valve opening and closing independently control unit; for real-time monitoring of the instantaneous flow and cumulative amount of each oil-water mixture delivery channel flow monitoring unit; for adjusting the flow of each oil-water mixture delivery channel flow regulating unit, can take into account good lubrication, high efficiency cooling, low emission, different processing site of the oil self-adaptive matching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wheel hub CNC machine tool processing technology, specifically to a multi-channel precision lubrication control system and its control method for wheel hub CNC machine tool units. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, oil-based or water-based metal cutting fluids are commonly used in metal machining for lubrication, cooling, cleaning, and rust prevention through a large-volume casting process. Oil-based metal cutting fluids suffer from poor cooling performance due to the large-volume casting, are prone to oil mist generation during machining, and produce large amounts of waste fluid with high treatment costs. Water-based metal cutting fluids, due to extensive circulation and long-term residence, are prone to spoilage and deterioration, posing an environmental pollution risk if improperly disposed of. The root cause of these shortcomings lies in the traditional large-volume casting process. To address these issues, micro-volume lubrication technology has been developed in recent years. This technology uses less fluid and is environmentally friendly, but relying solely on compressed air for cooling is insufficient for high-heat conditions such as rough machining of wheel hubs, and oil film residue is difficult to clean. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a multi-channel precision lubrication control system and method for CNC wheel hub machine tool units. This system can be applied to wheel hub machining on CNC machine tool units to achieve automatic control and real-time monitoring of the spray position and spray volume, while also automatically cleaning residual aluminum chips after machining. Another objective of the present invention is to provide an emergency switching solution for lubrication system failures. The water-based metal cutting fluid pipeline and the oil-water-gas management system are independent separate pipelines. When the oil-water mixture precision lubrication system fails, the operator can manually adjust the machine tool's K parameter (K ​​parameter is the machine tool's PMC, which is the system parameter inside the programmable machine tool controller used to store the working mode status of the lubrication system) to switch to the traditional water-based metal cutting fluid lubrication mode, enabling continuous machining without stopping the machine.

[0004] According to one aspect of the present invention, a multi-channel precision lubrication control system for a wheel hub CNC machine tool unit is provided. The CNC machine tool unit includes at least one of a primary machine tool, a secondary machine tool, and a machining center. The system comprises, for the at least one of the following: at least one oil-water mixture delivery channel, at least one compressed air delivery channel, at least one spray channel, and at least one purging channel. The oil-water mixture is a mixture formed by mixing lubricating oil and pure water in a predetermined ratio, and is ultimately pumped into an atomizer by an oil pump, thus forming the oil-water mixture delivery channel. Compressed air drawn from the machine tool air source enters the corresponding atomizer through a first valve, thus forming the compressed air delivery channel. After the oil-water mixture and compressed air are mixed in the atomizer, they are sprayed from the nozzle towards the corresponding machining area of ​​the wheel hub, thus forming the spray channel. Compressed air drawn from the machine tool air source is blown towards the wheel hub fixture through a second valve, thus forming the purging channel. The system further includes: a system for adjusting the lubrication according to CNC... The system includes a control unit that independently controls the opening and closing of each first valve according to the instruction codes corresponding to each processing part; a flow monitoring unit for real-time monitoring of the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow of each oil-water mixture delivery channel; and an indicator light for an intermediate relay to indicate the current spray position. The system also includes a flow regulation unit for adjusting the flow rate of each oil-water mixture delivery channel. This flow regulation unit receives the target flow rate signal output by the control unit and automatically adjusts the oil-water mixture delivery volume of the corresponding channel to achieve adaptive matching of oil volume for different processing parts. The system further includes a second lubricating medium pipeline for delivering water-based metal cutting fluid; and a mode switching unit associated with the machine tool's K parameter. When the K parameter is in the first state, the first lubricating medium pipeline (i.e., the existing oil-water mixture pipeline) is open, and the second lubricating medium pipeline is closed. When the K parameter is in the second state, the first lubricating medium pipeline is closed, and the second lubricating medium pipeline is open, enabling emergency switching from oil-water mixture lubrication mode to water-based metal cutting fluid lubrication mode in case of a fault.

[0005] According to another aspect of the present invention, a multi-channel precision lubrication control method for a wheel hub CNC machine tool unit is provided for use in the aforementioned system. The method includes the following steps: mixing lubricating oil and water in a predetermined ratio to form an oil-water mixture; conveying the oil-water mixture and compressed air to at least one sprayer for mixing; setting corresponding instruction codes for different machining parts of the wheel hub in the CNC program; when machining a certain part, the program automatically identifies the corresponding instruction code and controls the corresponding sprayer to open, so that the mixture of oil-water mixture and compressed air is sprayed onto the machining part; monitoring and displaying the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative amount of the oil-water mixture in each sprayer in real time through a flow monitoring unit; after machining is completed, triggering the opening of the purging channel through a door-closing command, automatically cleaning residual aluminum shavings on the fixture with compressed air; after purging is completed, closing the purging channel through an door-opening command; and further including the steps: when a fault is detected in the oil-water mixture precision lubrication system, manually adjusting the machine tool's K parameter; the K parameter switching trigger mode switching unit actuates, cutting off the oil-water mixture pipeline and connecting the water-based metal cutting fluid pipeline; the machine tool switches to the water-based metal cutting fluid lubrication mode to continue machining.

[0006] Furthermore, this invention enables adaptive matching of oil volume for different processing parts. Specifically, the flow regulation unit can accept the target flow signal output by the control unit and automatically adjust the delivery volume of the oil-water mixture according to the processing load of the current processing part, thereby further reducing oil consumption, reducing waste liquid generation, and improving environmental benefits while ensuring lubrication effect.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the instruction codes for each machining part in the CNC program carry the oil quantity parameters corresponding to that part. After the control unit parses the parameters, it sends a control signal to the flow regulation unit to realize automatic matching of oil quantity for different machining parts.

[0008] According to the above-described configuration and operation steps of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0009] (1) Multi-channel time-sharing independent control: The liquid spraying of different processing parts is precisely switched by M instruction code, which solves the problem of not being able to achieve independent control of multiple parts;

[0010] (2) Adaptive matching of oil volume for different processing parts: The flow regulation unit can accept the target flow signal output by the control unit and automatically adjust the delivery volume of oil-water mixture according to the processing load of the current processing part, thereby further reducing oil consumption, reducing waste liquid generation, and improving environmental protection benefits while ensuring lubrication effect.

[0011] (3) Dual real-time monitoring: A flow metering controller is used in conjunction with a flow sensor, preferably a micro flow sensor (liquid flow rate in the range of milliliters / minute (mL / min) to microliters / minute (μL / min), and gas flow rate in the range of milliliters / minute to standard liters / hour (sL / h)) to monitor the dosage in real time. The indicator light of the intermediate relay displays the spray position in real time, realizing dual closed-loop monitoring of liquid dosage and position.

[0012] (4) Automatic blowing and cleaning: A dedicated blowing channel is set up and linked with the machine tool door. After processing, the residual aluminum chips in the fixture are automatically cleaned, which solves the defect that cannot be automatically cleaned.

[0013] The aforementioned technical features are interconnected and work synergistically to form a complete "control-monitoring-cleanup" systematic solution.

[0014] It is worth noting that this invention does not simply achieve three-phase mixing of oil, water, and gas, but rather solves systemic technical problems such as time-sharing independent control of multiple processing parts, differentiated adjustment of oil injection volume according to processing parts, real-time closed-loop monitoring of fluid consumption, and automatic cleaning of residual aluminum chips after processing. Existing solutions do not disclose or imply the integration of functions such as M-command time-sharing control, adaptive matching of oil volume for different processing parts, real-time monitoring of flow rate and injection position, and purging linkage into the same lubrication system, nor do they provide an integrated precision lubrication solution for multi-process wheel hub machining.

[0015] Compared to traditional oil-based and water-based cutting fluids, this invention addresses environmental protection and cooling issues by employing a precise lubrication method involving the combined injection of an oil-water mixture and compressed air. This method uses a mixture of plant-based cutting fluid concentrate containing emulsifiers and pure water in a predetermined ratio, injected precisely in small quantities to replace the traditional large-volume casting of cutting fluid. This significantly reduces the amount of cutting fluid used at the source, thus lowering waste fluid generation. Furthermore, the concentrated cutting fluid is more biodegradable than traditional mineral-based oil-based cutting fluids, and even small amounts of residue will not seriously pollute the environment.

[0016] To address the problem of insufficient cooling capacity of traditional micro-lubrication in high-heat-generating conditions such as rough machining of wheel hubs, this invention solves the problem through the following means: using a liquid micro-flow meter sensor in conjunction with a flow metering controller to achieve real-time monitoring and precise adjustment of the amount of oil-water mixture used in each channel; and introducing water as an active cooling medium to form a dual cooling mode of "air cooling and water cooling", which significantly improves the cooling capacity and enables the device to meet the heavy-cutting machining needs of wheel hubs covering the first-stage, second-stage, and machining center processes.

[0017] To address the difficulty of cleaning residual micro-lubricating oil film in traditional methods, this invention solves the problem through the following means: Dedicated blowing channels: Each machine tool (first-stage, second-stage, and machining center) is equipped with dedicated compressed air blowing channels (two per machine), which automatically blow away residual aluminum chips on the fixture after machining is completed.

[0018] Linked with machine tool door: When the wheel hub is processed and the robot takes it out, the machine tool door automatically closes → the closing door M command is detected → the blowing channel is automatically opened → compressed air blows through the channel to purge the fixtures (first-order radial positioning block, end face positioning block, second-order positioning mandrel, end face positioning block, machining center expansion sleeve, flange positioning plate, etc.) → after the blowing is completed, the machine tool door automatically opens → the blowing channel is closed.

[0019] Water participates in rinsing: The water component in the mixture itself has the function of cleaning aluminum shavings. Compared with traditional pure oil-based micro-lubricant, the oil film viscosity is lower and it is easier to rinse.

[0020] Check valve design: A check valve is installed under each sprayer to prevent lubricant from flowing back and remaining in the pipeline, reducing the accumulation in the pipeline and making subsequent cleaning easier.

[0021] It also offers other advantages:

[0022] Precise and controllable liquid spraying position: The M command code distinguishes four processing parts for each of the first and second sequence machine tools, and precisely controls the direction and timing of liquid spraying for each part (inner rim, outer rim, spokes, flange face, center hole, etc.);

[0023] Real-time monitoring provides dual protection: the indicator light of the intermediate relay displays the current processing position in real time (spray position monitoring); the flow metering controller, together with the liquid micro-flow meter sensor, displays the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative flow rate in real time (usage monitoring).

[0024] Reduced production costs: Precise liquid spraying reduces lubricant consumption; the device is composed of commercially available parts (standard parts from Airtac, Delixi, etc.), making costs controllable;

[0025] Wide range of applications: It covers first-stage machine tools (4 channels), second-stage machine tools (4 channels), and machining centers (1 channel), forming a complete CNC machine tool unit; it is suitable for both three-machine tool combined production lines and individual CNC machine tool units;

[0026] Ensuring product quality: The machining center has a dedicated blowing channel to remove residual aluminum shavings from the fixtures, preventing aluminum shavings from damaging the wheel hub (due to inaccurate positioning), and directly ensuring the dimensional accuracy and appearance quality of the product;

[0027] Energy-saving and environmental protection standards are met: precise lubricant supply combined with water cooling replaces a large amount of coolant, satisfying the triple requirements of "improving product quality, reducing costs, and protecting the environment". Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-channel precision lubrication machining equipment for a single machine tool is shown.

[0029] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a multi-channel precision lubrication machining equipment for a two-stage machine tool is shown.

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a multi-channel precision lubrication machining equipment for a machining center is shown.

[0031] Figure 4 The layout diagram of primary machine tools, secondary machine tools, and machining center equipment is shown schematically. Detailed Implementation

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments described below and illustrated in the drawings are intended to teach the principles of the invention, enabling those skilled in the art to implement and use the invention in various environments and for various applications. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Exemplary embodiments, including brands, sizes, etc., used for illustrative purposes, are not intended to, and should not be considered as, restrictive descriptions of the scope of protection of the present invention. For ease of description, sometimes brands, sizes, etc., are listed directly before components, merely to illustrate commercially available parts of such brands and sizes, but are not limited thereto. Furthermore, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to actual scale. Orientation descriptions, such as longitudinal direction corresponding to the workpiece's length, upstream and downstream directions in the conveying direction, and orientations or positional relationships indicated by up, down, left, right, top, bottom, etc., are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the names of relevant components are sometimes preceded or followed by optional specifications or brands, merely to illustrate one option but not to limit it; alternative selections can be made according to the usage scenario. Unless otherwise specifically stated, the order and values ​​of components and assembly steps described in the embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Moreover, any numerical range stated herein is intended to include all sub-ranges contained therein, and a numerical range expressed as "value X to value Y" refers to the range including endpoint values ​​X and Y. Those skilled in the art will understand that terms such as "number X" and "Sn" in this invention are only used to distinguish different steps, devices, or modules, and do not represent any specific technical meaning, nor do they indicate a necessary logical order between them. For example, steps two and three can be interchanged or performed in parallel.

[0033] This invention provides a multi-channel precision lubrication control system for wheel hubs, applicable to wheel hub machining in CNC machine tool units. By applying combined air and water cooling and precise oil and water lubrication methods, it solves the problems existing in traditional oil-based, traditional water-based, and micro-lubrication methods, meeting the needs of improving product quality, reducing costs, and protecting the environment in metal machining. Therefore, the multi-channel precision lubrication control system according to this invention includes:

[0034] An oil-water mixture supply unit is used to provide an oil-water mixture formed by mixing lubricating oil and water in a predetermined ratio; the lubricating oil is a plant-based cutting fluid concentrate containing an emulsifier, which forms a stable mixture after being mixed with pure water. The oil-water mixture mentioned in this specification refers to this mixture.

[0035] Compressed air supply unit, used to provide compressed air;

[0036] At least one sprayer is connected to the oil-water mixture supply unit and the compressed air supply unit respectively, for spraying out the oil-water mixture after mixing it with compressed air;

[0037] Multiple spray channels are connected to corresponding sprayers and point to different machined parts of the wheel hub;

[0038] The control unit is used to independently control the opening and closing of each spraying channel according to the instruction codes corresponding to each machining part in the CNC program, so as to achieve precise time-sharing control of the spraying position;

[0039] At least one purging channel is provided for automatically cleaning residual aluminum shavings from the fixture after machining is completed;

[0040] The flow monitoring unit is used to monitor the instantaneous flow and cumulative volume of each oil-water mixture delivery channel in real time.

[0041] Furthermore, the system also includes a fault emergency switching unit, which ensures continuous production by switching the lubrication medium.

[0042] Thus, a precise lubrication control system and method can be systematically integrated based on three-phase oil-water-gas mixed lubrication, incorporating multi-channel time-sharing independent control, differentiated oil injection volume adjustment according to processing parts, real-time flow monitoring, and automatic purging linkage functions. Furthermore, the functional modules have a collaborative working relationship, thereby improving production efficiency, ensuring processing quality, and reducing overall costs. This will be explained in detail through the following embodiments.

[0043] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, each CNC machine tool unit includes three machine tools: a first-stage machine tool 2, a second-stage machine tool 50, and a machining center machine tool 97. These machine tools form semi-finished products which are then input into the painting process for spraying. Among them:

[0044] The first-stage machine tool 2 (hereinafter referred to as the first stage) and the second-stage machine tool 50 (hereinafter referred to as the second stage) respectively include four oil-water mixture delivery channels, four compressed air delivery channels, four spray channels and two purging channels, which can realize the following technical solutions A to E: controlling the spray position; controlling the amount of oil-water mixture; real-time monitoring of the spray position; real-time monitoring of the amount of oil-water mixture; and automatic cleaning of residual aluminum chips in the machine tool fixtures.

[0045] The machining center includes an oil-water mixture delivery channel, a compressed air delivery channel, a spray channel, and two purging channels, which can realize the following technical solutions F to H: controlling the spray position; precisely controlling the amount of oil-water mixture used; and automatically cleaning residual aluminum chips from the machine tool fixtures to ensure product quality.

[0046] In this way, the wheel hub blank can be processed in the first and second stages respectively. For example, a robot can be used to hold the wheel hub and cut it with the front facing up and the front facing down respectively, and then send it to the machining center machine tool 97 to process holes of various specifications.

[0047] The structural composition of a multi-channel precision lubrication machining equipment for a single-stage machine tool is described in [reference]. Figure 1 >

[0048] The structure of the four oil-water mixture transport channels :

[0049] Both high-pressure hydraulic hoses III-1 and III-2 have an inner diameter of 12mm. One end of high-pressure hydraulic hose III-1 extends into the oil tank 42 containing the oil-water mixture 43, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the electric DC oil pump 41. One end of high-pressure hydraulic hose III-2 is connected to the outlet of the oil pump 41, and the other end is connected to a 6*4 PU air hose III-3 via a PCF6-04 pneumatic quick-connect internal thread connector 40. The other end of the PU air hose III-3 is connected to a liquid micro-flow meter sensor 7 (e.g., a commercially available part from Dieter). The sensor 7 is connected to the pneumatic four-hole splitter 8 (e.g., a commercially available part from Chint NAL-4) via the 6*4 PU air hose III-4. Four identical connectors, Ⅲ-5, Ⅲ-6, Ⅲ-7, and Ⅲ-8, are all 4*2.5PU tubing. One end of each connector is connected sequentially from bottom to top to the four-hole pneumatic connector splitter 8, and the other end is connected sequentially from left to right to the inlet connectors of four micro-regulating valves 5, such as WL91H-320P stainless steel compression fittings, on the inside of the water flow control cabinet 3. Tubing Ⅲ-9, Ⅲ-10, Ⅲ-11, and Ⅲ-12 are also 4*2.5PU tubing. One end is connected sequentially from right to left to the outlet connectors of four flow regulating units 5, and the other end is connected sequentially from left to right to the 4mm external threaded straight connectors 17 on four sprayers 37, such as YS-BPV-3000 models. Each sprayer 37 has a check valve 18 installed at its bottom.

[0050] This creates four channels for transporting the oil-water mixture:

[0051] Ⅲ-1→Ⅲ-2→Ⅲ-3→Ⅲ-4→Ⅲ-5→Ⅲ-12 form the first oil-water mixture conveying channel;

[0052] III-1→III-2→III-3→III-4→III-6→III-11 form the second oil-water mixture transport channel;

[0053] III-1→III-2→III-3→III-4→III-7→III-10 form the third oil-water mixture transport channel;

[0054] III-1→III-2→III-3→III-4→III-8→III-9 form the fourth oil-water mixture transport channel.

[0055] The structure of the four compressed air delivery channels :

[0056] Air pipe I-1 is a 12*8PU air pipe, one end of which is connected to the air source 1 of the machine tool, and the other end is connected to 8*5PU air pipe I-2 via PG12-8 reducing straight connector 47. Air pipe I-3 is an 8*5PU air pipe, one end of which is connected to air pipe I-2 via SPE-8 equal diameter tee 46, and the other end is connected to two 8*5PU air pipes I-4 and I-5 via SPE-8 equal diameter tee 44, which are respectively connected to the left and right air inlet connectors of the electromagnetic pneumatic valve manifold base 39 (e.g., commercially available parts selected from Airtac 4V210-08). Air pipes I-6, I-7, I-8, and I-9 are four 8*5PU air pipes, which are connected from right to left to the 8mm external thread straight connector 16 on the four YS-BPV-3000 sprayers 37.

[0057] This creates four compressed air delivery channels:

[0058] I-1→I-2→I-3→I-4+I-5→I-6 form the first compressed air delivery channel;

[0059] I-1→I-2→I-3→I-4+I-5→I-7 form the second compressed air delivery channel;

[0060] I-1→I-2→I-3→I-4+I-5→I-8 form the third compressed air delivery channel;

[0061] I-1→I-2→I-3→I-4+I-5→I-9 form the fourth compressed air delivery channel.

[0062] The structure of the four spray channels :

[0063] Pipes IV-1, IV-2, IV-3, and IV-4 are all internally fitted with 4*2.5PU air tubes 34, each with an outer diameter of 8mm stainless steel protective tube. Pipe IV-1 extends to form pipe 21 located on the inner rim, pipe IV-2 extends to form pipe 22 located on the outer rim, pipe IV-3 extends to form pipe 23 located on the spokes, and pipe IV-4 extends to form pipe 24 located on the flange face and center hole. One end of each pipe is connected sequentially from left to right to the ZG1 / 8-8 stainless steel ferrule straight-through terminal connector 15 of the four YS-BPV-3000 sprayers 37. The other end of each pipe extends into the machine tool 2 through holes 13 machined on the side of the machine tool 2, enters from the bottom of the guard plate 30 behind the chuck 29, and extends from the top of the guard plate 30. Each of the four stainless steel hollow pipes 21~24 is equipped with a nozzle 25, which is aligned with different machined positions on the hub 31.

[0064] This forms four spray channels: Ⅳ-1, Ⅳ-2, Ⅳ-3, and Ⅳ-4.

[0065] The structure of the two purging channels :

[0066] Pipe II-1 is an 8*5 PU tubing. One end is connected to pipes I-2 and I-3 via an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 46, and the other end is connected to a solenoid pneumatic valve 45. The other end of the solenoid pneumatic valve 45 is connected to a PC8-04 pneumatic quick connector 19 on a 4-point stainless steel miniature internal thread ball valve 36 via pipe II-2. The other end of the ball valve 36 is connected to a 4-point cast iron hollow tube II-3 via a machine tool opening 35. Pipes II-3, II-4, II-5, and II-7 are all 4-point cast iron hollow tubes 32 with threaded ends. Pipes II-6 and II-8 are 2-point cast iron hollow tubes 20. Pipes II-3, II-4, and II-5 are connected via a DN15 cast iron tee 33, and pipes II-5 and II-7 are connected via a DN15 cast 90-degree bend 28. Pipes II-4 and II-6, and pipes II-7 and II-8 are welded together. The purging channel points to the radial positioning block 26 and the end face positioning block 27.

[0067] This creates two purging channels:

[0068] I-1→I-2→II-1→II-2→II-3→II-4→II-6 form the first purging channel;

[0069] I-1→I-2→II-1→II-2→II-3→II-5→II-7→II-8 form the second purging channel.

[0070] Circuit composition :

[0071] The machine tool power supply 48 is connected to the solenoid pneumatic valve 45 and the terminal block 9 installed in the water flow control cabinet 3 via wiring. The terminal block 9 is also connected to the flow metering controller 4, the Dieter liquid micro-flow meter sensor 7, and four identical intermediate relays 10 (e.g., HH52P-24V Delixi intermediate relays) installed in the control cabinet 3 via wiring. Each intermediate relay 10 is connected to a solenoid pneumatic valve 12 (e.g., 4V210-08 Airtac).

[0072] <The structural composition of a multi-channel precision lubrication machining equipment for a two-stage machine tool is described in [reference]> Figure 2 >

[0073] The structure of the second-stage machine tool is basically similar to that of the first-stage machine tool. The difference is that the ends of the liquid spraying channels point to the cap (tube 65), the front (tube 66), and the outer rim (tube 67, tube 68), respectively, and the purging channel points to the end face positioning block 71 and the positioning spindle 72.

[0074] The structure of the four oil-water mixture transport channels :

[0075] Both high-pressure hydraulic hoses VII-1 and VII-2 have an inner diameter of 12mm. One end of high-pressure hydraulic hose VII-1 extends into the oil tank 88 containing the oil-water mixture 87, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the electric DC oil pump 86. One end of high-pressure hydraulic hose VII-2 is connected to the outlet of the oil pump 86, and the other end is connected to a 6*4PU air hose VII-3 via a PCF6-04 pneumatic quick-connect internal thread connector 83. The other end of air hose VII-3 is connected to the Dieter liquid micro-flow meter sensor 55. The sensor 55 is connected to the NAL-4 Chint pneumatic connector four-hole splitter 56 via the 6*4PU air hose VII-4. Air hoses VII-5, VII-6, VII-7, and VII-8 are all 4*2.5 PU air hoses. One end of each hose connects sequentially from bottom to top to four identical connectors on the four-hole pneumatic connector splitter 56. The other end connects sequentially from left to right to the inlet connectors of the four WL91H-320P stainless steel flow regulating units 54 on the inside of the water flow control cabinet 51. Air hoses VII-9, VII-10, VII-11, and VII-12 are also 4*2.5 PU air hoses. One end of each hose connects sequentially from right to left to the outlet connectors of the four flow regulating units 54. The other end connects sequentially from left to right to the 4mm external threaded straight connectors 80 on the four YS-BPV-3000 sprayers 82. Each sprayer 82 has a check valve 78 installed at its bottom.

[0076] This creates four channels for transporting the oil-water mixture:

[0077] VII-1→VII-2→VII-3→VII-4→VII-5→VII-12 are the fifth oil-water mixture transport channels;

[0078] VII-1→VII-2→VII-3→VII-4→VII-6→VII-11 constitute the sixth oil-water mixture transport channel;

[0079] VII-1→VII-2→VII-3→VII-4→VII-7→VII-10 constitute the seventh oil-water mixture transport channel;

[0080] VII-1→VII-2→VII-3→VII-4→VII-8→VII-9 are the eighth oil-water mixture transport channels.

[0081] The structure of the four compressed air delivery channels :

[0082] Air hose V-1 is a 12*8PU air hose, one end of which is connected to the secondary machine tool air source 49, and the other end is connected to 8*5PU air hose V-2 via a PG12-8 reducing straight connector 93. Air hose V-3 is an 8*5PU air hose, one end of which is connected to air hose V-2 via an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 91, and the other end is connected to two 8*5PU air hoses V-4 and V-5 via an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 89, which are respectively connected to the left and right air inlet connectors of the 4V210-08 Airtac electromagnetic pneumatic valve manifold base 95. Air hoses V-6, V-7, V-8, and V-9 are four 8*5PU air hoses, which are connected from right to left to the 8mm external thread straight connectors 81 on the four YS-BPV-3000 sprayers 82.

[0083] This creates four compressed air delivery channels:

[0084] V-1→V-2→V-3→V-4+V-5→V-6 form the fifth compressed air delivery channel;

[0085] V-1→V-2→V-3→V-4+V-5→V-7 form the sixth compressed air delivery channel;

[0086] V-1→V-2→V-3→V-4+V-5→V-8 form the seventh compressed air delivery channel;

[0087] V-1→V-2→V-3→V-4+V-5→V-9 constitute the eighth compressed air delivery channel.

[0088] The structure of the four spray channels :

[0089] Pipes VIII-1, VIII-2, VIII-3, and VIII-4 are all internally fitted with 4*2.5PU air tubes 15, each with an outer diameter of 8mm, made of stainless steel. Pipe VIII-1 extends to form pipe 65 located at the cap opening, pipe VIII-2 extends to form pipe 66 located on the front, pipe VIII-3 extends to form pipe 67 located on the outer rim, and pipe VIII-4 extends to form pipe 68 located on the outer rim. One end of each pipe is connected sequentially from left to right to the 34ZG1 / 8-8 stainless steel ferrule straight-through terminal connector 79 of the four YS-BPV-3000 sprayers 82. The other end extends into the interior of the secondary machine tool 50 through holes 60 machined on the side of the secondary machine tool 50. Each of the four stainless steel hollow pipes is equipped with a nozzle 69, which is aligned with different machined positions on another hub 70.

[0090] This forms four spray channels: VIII-1, VIII-2, VIII-3, and VIII-4.

[0091] The structure of the two purging channels :

[0092] Traction tube VI-1 is an 8*5 PU tubing. One end is connected to tubing V-2 and V-3 via an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 91, and the other end is connected to a solenoid pneumatic valve 90. The other end of the solenoid pneumatic valve 90 is connected to a PC8-04 pneumatic quick connector 76 on a 4-point stainless steel miniature internal thread ball valve 77 via tubing VI-2. The other end of the ball valve 77 is fitted with a 4-point cast iron hollow tube VI-3. Tubes VI-3, VI-4, VI-6, and VI-7 are all 4-point cast iron hollow tubes 62 with threaded ends. Tubes VI-5 and VI-8 are 2-point cast iron hollow tubes 74. Tubes VI-3, VI-4, and VI-6 are connected via a DN15 cast iron tee 64, and tubes VI-6 and VI-7 are connected via a DN15 cast 90-degree bend 75. Pipe VI-4 is welded to pipe VI-5, and pipe VI-7 is welded to pipe VI-8.

[0093] This creates two purging channels:

[0094] V-1→V-2→VI-1→VI-2→VI-3→VI-4→VI-5 form the third purging channel;

[0095] V-1→V-2→VI-1→VI-2→VI-3→VI-6→VI-7→VI-8 form the fourth purging channel.

[0096] Circuit composition :

[0097] The secondary machine tool power supply 92 is connected to the solenoid pneumatic valve 90 and the terminal block 57 installed in the water flow control cabinet 51 via wiring. The terminal block 57 is connected to the flow metering controller 52, the liquid micro-flow meter sensor 55 (e.g., a commercially available part from Dieter) and four identical intermediate relays 58 (e.g., commercially available parts from Delixi HH52P-24V) also installed in the control cabinet 51 via wiring. Each intermediate relay 58 is connected to one solenoid pneumatic valve 94 (e.g., a commercially available part from Airtac 4V210-08).

[0098] The structural composition of a multi-channel precision lubrication machining equipment for machining centers is described in [reference needed]. Figure 3 >

[0099] Structural components of an oil-water mixture transport channel :

[0100] Both pipes XI-1 and XI-2 are high-pressure hydraulic oil pipes with an inner diameter of 12mm. One end of the high-pressure hydraulic oil pipe XI-1 extends into the oil tank 118 containing the oil-water mixture 119, and the other end is connected to the oil inlet of the electric DC oil pump 117. One end of the high-pressure hydraulic oil pipe XI-2 is connected to the oil outlet of the oil pump 117, and the other end is connected to the 6*4PU air pipe XI-3 through the PCF6-04 pneumatic quick internal thread connector 116. The other end of the 6*4PU air pipe XI-3 extends to the top of the machining center machine tool, and extends into the machine tool from the top opening 106, connecting to the 4mm external thread straight connector 102 on the YS-BPV-3000 sprayer 105.

[0101] This forms an oil-water mixture transport channel: XI-1→XI-2→XI-3.

[0102] The structural components of a compressed air delivery channel :

[0103] Air hose IX-1 is a 12*8 PU air hose, one end of which is connected to the air source 96 of the machining center, and the other end is connected to the 8*5 PU air hose IX-2 via a PG12-8 reducing straight connector 122. Air hose IX-3 is an 8*5 PU air hose, one end of which is connected to IX-2 via an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 98, and the other end is connected to air hose IX-4 via a solenoid pneumatic valve 99. The other end of air hose IX-4 extends to the top of the machining center machine tool, penetrating into the machine tool through the opening 106 on the top of the machine tool, and connects to the 4mm external threaded straight connector 103 on the YS-BPV-3000 sprayer 105.

[0104] This forms a compressed air delivery channel: IX-1→IX-2→IX-3→IX-4.

[0105] The oil-water mixture delivery channel and the compressed air delivery channel are wrapped with rubber hose 104, which serves to protect the pipeline.

[0106] The structural composition of a liquid spray channel :

[0107] Pipe XII-1 is a stainless steel bamboo-joint universal spray pipe 114 with an outer diameter of 8mm, which is installed on the YS-BPV-3000 sprayer 105. The spray channel is aligned with the machining center drill bit 115.

[0108] This forms a liquid spraying channel: tube XII-1.

[0109] The structure of the two purging channels :

[0110] Air hose X-1 is an 8*5 PU air hose, one end of which is connected to air hoses IX-2 and IX-3 via an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 98, and the other end is connected to a solenoid pneumatic valve 121. The other end of the solenoid pneumatic valve 121 is connected to an SPE-8 equal diameter tee 120 via an 8*5 PU air hose X-2. The other two ends of the equal diameter tee 120 are connected to PC8-04 pneumatic quick connectors 107 on two 4-point stainless steel miniature internal thread ball valves 108 via air hoses X-3 and X-4 respectively. Pipes X-5 and X-6 are both 4-point cast iron hollow tubes 109 with threads at the ends, and pipes X-7 and X-8 are 2-point cast iron hollow tubes 110, which are welded to the two 4-point cast iron hollow tubes 109 respectively. The purge channel is aligned with the machining center drill bit 115, and as the spindle with the machining drill bit 115 moves... And follow the movement Complete the purging of the machining center expansion sleeve 111 and flange positioning plate 112.

[0111] This creates two purging channels:

[0112] IX-1→IX-2→X-1→X-2→X-3→X-6→X-8 form the fifth purging channel;

[0113] IX-1→IX-2→X-1→X-2→X-4→X-5→X-7 is the sixth purging channel.

[0114] The oil-water mixture delivery channel, the compressed air delivery channel, and the two purging channels are all fixed on the spindle of the machining center where the machining drill bit 115 is installed. They move along with the spindle to complete the drilling of the hub 113.

[0115] Circuit composition :

[0116] The power supply 123 of the machining center is connected to the solenoid pneumatic valve 121 and the solenoid pneumatic valve 99 via wiring.

[0117] Based on the above structure, the following corresponding technical solutions A to E and F to H can be achieved.

[0118] <Technical Solution A for Liquid Spraying Position Control in First-Stage and Second-Stage Machine Tools>

[0119] Oil-water mixtures 43 and 87 are mixtures of lubricating oil and pure water in a predetermined ratio. These mixtures are pumped by electric DC oil pumps 41 and 86, then sequentially pass through liquid micro-flow sensors 7 and 55, and pneumatic connector four-hole splitters 8 and 56. After being split, they pass through flow regulation units 5 and 54 in the water flow control cabinets 3 and 51, and finally enter the sprayers 37 and 82, thus forming four oil-water mixture delivery channels. Compressed air from machine tool air sources 1 and 49 enters the electromagnetic pneumatic valve manifold bases 39 and 95, and is then split into four compressed air streams by electromagnetic pneumatic valves 12 and 94, entering the four sprayers 37 and 82, thus forming four compressed air delivery channels.

[0120] After the oil-water mixture and compressed air are mixed in the atomizer, they are sprayed at high speed from the nozzle, forming four spray channels. These four spray channels point to four machining areas of the wheel hub. Different M-codes are set at the beginning of the program for each machining area to control the solenoid valves 12 and 94. When machining a certain area of ​​the wheel hub begins, the program automatically identifies the corresponding M-code, thereby opening the solenoid valves 12 and 94 in the compressed air channel. The oil-water mixture 43 and 87, mixed with compressed air, is sprayed at high speed onto the machining area, achieving control of the spray position.

[0121] <Technical Solution B for Controlling the Amount of Oil-Water Mixture in First-Order and Second-Order Machine Tools>

[0122] The oil-water mixture supplied to the four processing parts of the wheel hub is regulated by the spray adjustment knobs 38 and 84 on the sprayers 37 and 82 and the flow regulation units 5 and 54 on the water flow control cabinets 3 and 51. The compressed air supplied to the four processing parts of the wheel hub is regulated by the air spray adjustment knobs 14 and 85 on the sprayers 37 and 82. This method controls the amount of oil-water mixture used by adjusting the ratio between compressed air and the oil-water mixture. Furthermore, the amount of oil-water mixture used can be automatically adjusted by signal interaction between the flow regulation units and the control unit, automatically matching the preset target flow rate value for different processing parts.

[0123] <Technical Solution C for Real-time Monitoring of Liquid Spraying Position in First and Second Sequence Machine Tools>

[0124] Four intermediate relays 10 and 58, installed in the water flow control cabinets 3 and 51, are connected to solenoid valves 12 and 94, respectively. When solenoid valves 12 and 94 are opened by setting different M-instruction codes at the beginning of the program for each processing section, the compressed air delivery channel for that processing section opens, enabling liquid spraying. Simultaneously, indicator lights 11 and 59 on the intermediate relays corresponding to solenoid valves 12 and 94 illuminate. Conversely, when solenoid valves 12 and 94 are closed, indicator lights 11 and 59 on the intermediate relays turn off. Therefore, the current processing section is determined by the status of the indicator lights, enabling real-time monitoring of the liquid spraying position.

[0125] <Technical Solution D for Real-time Monitoring of Oil-Water Mixture Usage in First- and Second-Stage Machine Tools>

[0126] The flow metering controllers 4 and 52 in the water flow liquid control cabinets 3 and 51 are connected to the flow regulating units 5 and 54 and the micro flow sensors 7 and 55 via corresponding wiring. When the oil-water mixture flows through the housing of the sensors 7 and 55, it impacts the blades of the internal impeller, causing them to rotate. The magnetic blades cut the magnetic lines of force, thereby inducing an electrical pulse signal at both ends of the internal coil. This signal is amplified into a continuous rectangular pulse wave of a certain amplitude and transmitted to the flow metering controllers 4 and 52. Finally, the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative volume of the oil-water mixture are displayed on the displays 6 and 53 on the controllers. This enables real-time monitoring of the oil-water mixture usage.

[0127] <Technical Solution E for Automatic Cleaning of Residual Aluminum Shavings from Machine Tool Fixtures in First- and Second-Stage Machine Tools>

[0128] Compressed air from machine tool air sources 1 and 49 passes through electromagnetic pneumatic valves 45 and 90 respectively, and then through a DN15 cast iron tee 33 and 64 to finally split into two compressed air streams. The compressed air is then drawn out from 2-point cast iron hollow pipes 24 and 66 and blown onto the clamps on the chuck (radial positioning block 26, end face positioning block 27, 71, positioning mandrel 72), thus forming two purging channels.

[0129] The electromagnetic pneumatic valves 45 and 90 are controlled by the M-command code for opening and closing the door in the program. After the wheel hub is processed and removed by the robot, the machine door automatically closes. Upon detecting the M-command for closing the door, the electromagnetic pneumatic valves 45 and 90 open, thereby opening the purging channel. Compressed air then blows away residual aluminum shavings on the chuck fixture through the channel. After purging is complete, the machine door automatically opens. Upon detecting the M-command for opening the door, the electromagnetic pneumatic valves 45 and 90 close, thereby closing the purging channel.

[0130] <Technical Solution F for Achieving Liquid Spraying Position Control in Machining Center Machine Tools>

[0131] The oil-water mixture 119 is a mixture of lubricating oil and pure water in a certain proportion. It is pumped by an electric DC oil pump 118 and ultimately enters the sprayer 105, thus forming an oil-water mixture delivery channel. Compressed air from the machine tool air source 96 passes through an electromagnetic pneumatic valve 99 and also enters the sprayer 105, thus forming a compressed air delivery channel.

[0132] After the oil-water mixture 119 and compressed air are mixed in the sprayer 105, the mixture is directed from the nozzle of the bamboo-joint universal tube 114 towards the drill bit at the machining center. An M-code set at the beginning of the program controls the solenoid pneumatic valve 99. When machining begins, the program automatically recognizes the M-code, thereby opening the solenoid pneumatic valve 99 in the compressed air channel. The oil-water mixture 119, mixed with compressed air, is then sprayed at high speed onto the drill bit, achieving control over the spray position.

[0133] <Technical Solution G for Controlling the Amount of Oil-Water Mixture in Machining Center Machine Tools>

[0134] The amount of oil-water mixture is adjusted by the spray adjustment knob 101 on the sprayer 105, and the amount of compressed air is adjusted by the air spray adjustment knob 100 on the sprayer 105. This method controls the amount of oil-water mixture used by adjusting the ratio between compressed air and the oil-water mixture. The mixture is automatically matched to preset target flow values ​​for different processing areas.

[0135] <Technical Solution for Automatic Cleaning of Residual Aluminum Shavings from Machine Tool Fixtures in Machining Centers>

[0136] Compressed air is drawn from the machine tool air source 96, passes through the electromagnetic pneumatic valve 99, and then through a DN15 cast iron tee 120 to finally split into two compressed air streams. The compressed air is drawn out from the two-part cast iron hollow pipe and blown onto the clamps (expansion sleeve 111, flange positioning plate 112) on the chuck, thus forming two purging channels.

[0137] The electromagnetic pneumatic valve 99 is controlled by the M-command code for opening and closing the door in the program. After the wheel hub is processed and removed by the robot, the machine door automatically closes. Upon detecting the M-command for closing the door, the electromagnetic pneumatic valve 99 opens, thereby opening the purging channel. Compressed air then blows away residual aluminum shavings on the chuck fixture through the channel. After purging is complete, the machine door automatically opens. Upon detecting the M-command for opening the door, the electromagnetic pneumatic valve 99 closes, thereby closing the purging channel.

[0138] <Specific Example>

[0139] In a specific example, the oil-water mixture is formed by mixing lubricant and pure water at a volume ratio of 1:3. Each of the first-stage machine tools independently controls four spray channels, pointing to the inner rim, outer rim, spokes, flange face, and center hole, respectively. The opening of the four channels is controlled by commands M40-M43 in the CNC program, and their closing is controlled by commands M44-M47. The flow rate of the oil-water mixture in each channel is set to 0.5~2.0 mL / min by a flow metering controller, and the compressed air pressure is set to 0.4~0.6 MPa. After machining, the machine tool door automatically closes, triggering the opening of the purging channel. Compressed air is purged at a pressure of 0.5~0.7 MPa for 3~5 seconds to remove residual aluminum chips from the fixture. The control method for the second-stage machine tool is similar to that of the first-stage, with its four spray channels pointing to the cap opening, the front surface, and the outer rim, respectively. The control method for the machining center is similar to the above and will not be repeated here.

[0140] Test results show that:

[0141] Tool life: The average tool life for roughing inner rims is increased by more than 30%, and the average tool life for all tools is increased by more than 12%. This is thanks to the dual cooling system of this invention (compressed air forced convection + water film phase change heat transfer), which effectively reduces the temperature in the cutting zone and reduces tool thermal wear; at the same time, multi-channel time-sharing independent control ensures precise lubricant supply, avoiding excessive or insufficient lubrication.

[0142] Processing efficiency: The average machining efficiency is improved by more than 8%. On the one hand, the automatic blowing and machine tool door linkage function realizes the automatic cleaning of aluminum chips from the fixture after processing, eliminating the auxiliary time required for manual shutdown cleaning in the traditional solution; on the other hand, multi-channel time-sharing independent control and real-time flow monitoring ensure the accuracy of the spray position and liquid volume, reducing abnormal shutdowns caused by insufficient lubrication, such as abnormal tool wear and unqualified machining surfaces, thereby improving continuous processing capability.

[0143] Surface quality: The surface roughness (Ra) of the machined surface is reduced by more than 20%. The water component in the oil-water mixture can wash away the chips, and combined with the forced cooling of compressed air, it effectively inhibits built-up edge and scratches.

[0144] Cutting temperature: The temperature in the cutting zone is reduced by more than 18%. The synergistic effect of the phase change heat absorption of water and the convective cooling of compressed air significantly reduces the accumulation of cutting heat.

[0145] Overall manufacturing costs: Overall manufacturing costs are reduced by more than 10%. This is mainly due to increased tool life, reduced auxiliary time, lower lubricant consumption, and lower waste liquid treatment costs.

[0146] The above test data verifies the significant advantages of this invention in improving processing efficiency, extending tool life, improving processing quality, reducing production costs, and protecting the environment.

[0147] <Variation Example 1>

[0148] In a preferred embodiment (supplementary embodiment), the oil quantity control of the present invention adopts a scheme combining instruction code parameterization and electric proportional flow valve to achieve adaptive matching of oil quantity for different processing parts.

[0149] Specifically, the CNC program uses the extended M-instruction format, appending a P-parameter after the M-instruction to specify the target oil-water mixture flow rate for the machining area. For example:

[0150] M40 P1.8: Open the inner rim channel, target flow rate 1.8 mL / min;

[0151] M41 P1.2: Open the outer rim channel, target flow rate 1.2 mL / min;

[0152] M42 P0.8: Open the spoke channel, target flow rate 0.8 mL / min;

[0153] M43 P1.0: Open the flange face and center hole channel, target flow rate 1.0 mL / min.

[0154] The control unit (the control unit described in this embodiment) has pre-stored parsing logic for M instructions and P parameters. When the program executes a certain section of machining code, the CNC system recognizes the M instruction and the accompanying P parameter, converts the P parameter value into a control signal (e.g., a 0-10V analog signal or a 4-20mA current signal) that can be recognized by the flow metering controller, and outputs it to the flow metering controller of the corresponding channel.

[0155] Each oil-water mixture conveying channel employs an electrically operated proportional flow valve as its flow regulating unit. This valve receives a control signal from the flow metering controller and automatically adjusts its opening to ensure that the actual flow rate precisely matches the target flow rate. A flow sensor collects the actual flow rate signal in real time and feeds it back to the flow metering controller, forming a closed-loop flow control system.

[0156] Tests show that after adopting the above-mentioned adaptive oil quantity matching scheme, the amount of oil-water mixture used in each machining part can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual cutting load, further reducing oil consumption by about 15-25% compared with the fixed flow scheme, while the tool life remains at the optimal level under different machining conditions.

[0157] <Variation Example 2>

[0158] In the first-stage machine tool (and the second-stage machine tool), an oil tank is provided for holding an oil-water mixture mixed in a predetermined ratio. However, it is not limited to this. Two separate oil tanks or two containers can be provided in the same oil tank, respectively for holding lubricant (e.g., plant-based cutting fluid concentrate with emulsifier) ​​and water (e.g., pure water). They are pumped through corresponding pipelines and combined in a ratio that can vary according to the lubrication and cooling needs of the working conditions. Then, as in the previous embodiment, the mixture is transported to the rear through four oil-water mixture transport channels.

[0159] In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly specified. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. Although the invention has been described with reference to various specific embodiments, it should be understood that modifications can be made within the spirit and scope of the described inventive concept. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be limited to the described embodiments but will have the full scope defined by the language of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-channel precision lubrication control system for a wheel hub CNC machine tool unit, the CNC machine tool unit comprising at least one of a primary machine tool, a secondary machine tool, and a machining center, characterized in that, The system includes at least one oil-water mixture delivery channel, at least one compressed air delivery channel, at least one spray channel, and at least one purging channel, all configured for at least one of the above. The oil-water mixture is a mixture of lubricating oil and pure water in a predetermined ratio, which is pumped into the atomizer to form the oil-water mixture delivery channel. Compressed air drawn from the machine tool air source enters the corresponding atomizer through a first valve, forming a compressed air delivery channel. After the oil-water mixture and compressed air are mixed in the atomizer, they are sprayed from the nozzle towards the corresponding machining area of ​​the wheel hub, forming the spray channel. Compressed air drawn from the machine tool air source passes through a second valve and blows towards the wheel hub fixture, forming the purging channel. The system further includes a control unit for independently controlling the opening and closing of each first valve according to the instruction code corresponding to each machining area in the CNC program; and a control unit for... The system includes a flow monitoring unit for real-time monitoring of the instantaneous and cumulative flow rates of each oil-water mixture delivery channel; an indicator light for an intermediate relay to indicate the current spray position; a flow regulation unit for adjusting the flow rate of each oil-water mixture delivery channel, which receives the target flow rate signal output by the control unit and automatically adjusts the oil-water mixture delivery volume of the corresponding channel to achieve adaptive matching of oil volume for different processing parts; a second lubricating medium pipeline for delivering water-based metal cutting fluid; and a mode switching unit associated with the machine tool K parameter. When the K parameter is in the first state, the first lubricating medium pipeline (i.e., the existing oil-water mixture pipeline) is open, and the second lubricating medium pipeline is closed; when the K parameter is in the second state, the first lubricating medium pipeline is closed, and the second lubricating medium pipeline is open, enabling emergency switching from oil-water mixture lubrication mode to water-based metal cutting fluid lubrication mode in case of failure.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In multiple oil-water mixture delivery channels of a first-stage or second-stage machine tool, the oil-water mixture is sequentially diverted by a flow sensor and a distributor, and then sent to corresponding sprayers through corresponding flow regulating valves. Each sprayer is equipped with a spray adjustment knob and a check valve installed below it. The control unit includes: multiple electromagnetic pneumatic valves, each located in a compressed air delivery channel; multiple intermediate relays connected to each electromagnetic pneumatic valve; a flow metering controller connected to each flow regulating valve and flow sensor; and M-codes set in the CNC program, wherein the M-codes are logically associated with the opening and closing of the electromagnetic pneumatic valves.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate relays are connected to each of the first valves respectively, so that when the first valve is opened by setting different instruction codes at the beginning of the program for each processing part, the compressed air delivery channel of that processing part is opened to realize liquid spraying, and the indicator light on the intermediate relay corresponding to the first valve lights up; when the first valve is closed, the indicator light on the corresponding intermediate relay goes out.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spray channels of the first-stage machine tool and the second-stage machine tool respectively point to one or more of the following machining parts of the hub: inner rim, outer rim, spokes, flange face, center hole, cap, and front face; the spray channel of the machining center machine tool points to the machining center drill bit and moves with the spindle that mounts the machining center drill bit; the air outlets of the purging channels of the first-stage machine tool and the second-stage machine tool respectively point to the radial positioning block and end face positioning block of the first-stage machine tool, and the positioning mandrel and end face positioning block of the second-stage machine tool; the air outlet of the purging channel of the machining center machine tool points to the expansion sleeve and flange positioning plate of the machining center and moves with the spindle that mounts the machining center drill bit.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow regulation unit is an electric proportional flow valve, which is used to receive the target flow signal output by the control unit and automatically adjust the valve opening. The control unit has a pre-stored correspondence between the processing part and the target flow. When the CNC program executes the instruction code corresponding to a certain processing part, the control unit automatically sends the target flow value corresponding to that processing part to the flow regulation unit, driving the flow regulation unit to adjust to the corresponding opening.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sprayer is equipped with a spray adjustment knob and an air spray adjustment knob, which are used to adjust the mixing ratio of oil-water mixture and compressed air. The oil-water mixture is made by mixing lubricant and water in a predetermined ratio. It is pumped from an oil tank containing the oil-water mixture into the sprayer through an oil pump, or pumped from two containers containing lubricant and water through corresponding pipelines to be mixed in a ratio that varies with the working conditions.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first-stage machine tool and the second-stage machine tool each include four oil-water mixture conveying channels, four compressed air conveying channels, four spraying channels, and two purging channels; the machining center machine tool includes one oil-water mixture conveying channel, one compressed air conveying channel, one spraying channel, and two purging channels. The first-stage machine tool and the second-stage machine tool are used to process the wheel hub from opposite sides.

8. A multi-channel precision lubrication control method for a hub CNC machine tool unit, characterized in that, The system according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: mixing lubricating oil and water in a predetermined ratio to form an oil-water mixture; conveying the oil-water mixture and compressed air to at least one sprayer for mixing; setting corresponding instruction codes for different machining parts of the wheel hub in the CNC program; when machining a certain part, the program automatically identifies the corresponding instruction code and controls the corresponding sprayer to open, so that the mixture of oil-water mixture and compressed air is sprayed onto the machining part; monitoring and displaying the instantaneous flow rate and cumulative amount of oil-water mixture in each sprayer in real time through a flow monitoring unit; after machining is completed, triggering the opening of the purging channel through a door closing command, and automatically cleaning the residual aluminum chips on the fixture with compressed air; after purging is completed, closing the purging channel through an opening command; and further including the steps: when a fault is detected in the oil-water mixture precision lubrication system, manually adjusting the machine tool K parameter; the K parameter switching trigger mode switching unit actuates, cutting off the oil-water mixture pipeline and opening the water-based metal cutting fluid pipeline; the machine tool switches to the water-based metal cutting fluid lubrication mode to continue machining.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The second valve is controlled by the door opening and closing command code in the program. When the wheel hub is processed and taken out by the robot, the machine tool door automatically closes. After detecting the door closing command, the second valve opens, thereby opening the purging channel. When purging is completed, the machine tool door automatically opens. After detecting the door opening command, the second valve closes, thereby closing the purging channel.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: After setting the M-instruction codes corresponding to each machining part in the CNC program, the M-instruction codes are associated with and stored in relation to the opening and closing logic of the corresponding electromagnetic pneumatic valves. When the program recognizes a certain M-instruction code, only the corresponding electromagnetic pneumatic valve is opened, while the other electromagnetic pneumatic valves remain closed. And / or, when machining to a certain part, the CNC program automatically adjusts the oil-water mixture delivery flow rate of the corresponding sprayer through the control unit according to the preset target flow rate parameters of that part, so that different machining parts obtain the amount of lubricant that matches their cutting conditions.

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