A vertical layered underground mausoleum system

Abstract

The application discloses a vertical layered underground cemetery system, and relates to the technical field of funeral facilities, which comprises two parts of an overground landscape area and an underground space group. The underground space group is constructed based on an independent hill, and the structure comprises an entrance structure, a hub structure and an auxiliary exit. The entrance structure comprises a main entrance door and the auxiliary exit arranged at the bottom of the independent hill. The auxiliary exit is connected with the inside through a material conveying flat roadway. The hub structure is connected and reached through a pedestrian flat roadway extending inward from the main entrance door. The hub structure comprises a central court. Through a large-scale and centralized construction and operation mode, the cost of single-hole burial is significantly reduced, and the public is provided with affordable burial options.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of funeral facilities technology, specifically a vertically layered underground cemetery system. Background Technology

[0002] The commonly known "underground cemetery" usually refers to columbariums, columbariums, or underground tombs built using underground space. In essence, it is a supplement to or three-dimensional storage for surface cemeteries, and does not fundamentally change the current situation of scattered distribution of burial units and low land utilization.

[0003] These facilities are often simple in structure, shallow in space development and scattered, and have failed to form a large-scale, systematic comprehensive utilization system for underground space.

[0004] It is difficult to fully meet the traditional psychological needs of the people; at the same time, after the construction and operation costs are spread out, the cost of a single burial plot is still relatively high, and it has failed to effectively solve the problem of expensive funerals.

[0005] Currently, underground cemeteries still face the following technical challenges: Firstly, how can we truly fulfill the psychological need for burial without occupying arable land? Secondly, how to break through the existing utilization model of underground space and achieve extremely intensive utilization of land resources with an order-of-magnitude increase; Third, how to significantly reduce the cost of a single burial plot through systematic design and large-scale construction, making it a universally accessible public infrastructure.

[0006] This invention designs a vertically layered underground cemetery system that integrates traditional burial customs to solve one or more of the aforementioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a vertically layered underground cemetery system, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background section.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a vertically layered underground cemetery system, comprising two main parts: an above-ground landscape area and an underground columbarium space complex. The underground columbarium complex is constructed on a separate hill with an approximate inverted bowl or bun shape, and its structure includes: The entrance structure includes a main entrance gate and an auxiliary exit located at the foot of the independent hill. The auxiliary exit is connected to the interior via a material conveying tunnel. The central structure is connected and accessed by a pedestrian alleyway extending inward from the main entrance gate. The central structure includes an atrium, the interior of which is divided into a pedestrian atrium and a material handling atrium by a load-bearing wall. A vertical traffic structure is provided in the atrium, including an upward double vertical shaft elevator group extending upward to near the top of the independent hill and a downward double vertical shaft elevator group extending downward to the deep underground. Both the upward and downward double vertical shaft elevator groups include a main shaft for material transportation and an auxiliary shaft for pedestrians and ventilation. The horizontal layered structure is based on the ground plane D. Multiple horizontal layers are opened up inside the mountain above and below the ground plane D. Each underground horizontal layer is permanently isolated by a layer of original stable strata rock and soil with a thickness of not less than 30 meters to ensure structural safety and stratum stability. Each horizontal layer has a horizontal main road as a traffic artery. The partitioned structure is arranged along the horizontal main roadway and includes multiple partitions. Adjacent partitions are separated by load-bearing isolation walls with a thickness of not less than 20 meters. Each partition has a horizontal branch roadway that is perpendicular to the horizontal main roadway. The spatial layout structure is located inside the partition and includes multiple horizontal alleys that are perpendicular to the horizontal branch alleys and arranged in a comb-like pattern, as well as multiple spaces excavated along the two side walls of each horizontal alley for placing urns. All the spaces together constitute an underground urn space group. This system is not suitable for the burial of coffins. The infrastructure system is integrated into the entire underground structure and includes a ventilation subsystem and a drainage subsystem, wherein the drainage subsystem includes a water collection shaft and a water pump unit; The above-ground landscape area includes a group of classical buildings and greenery built on the surface of the independent hills and the flat land at the foot of the hills, with a scale that is in harmony with the hilly terrain. The building group consists of multiple courtyard-style buildings that are scattered in a single layout, and their total length and volume should not exceed the visual scale of the hill to which they belong.

[0009] Preferably, the main entrance gate faces south.

[0010] Preferably, the material conveying lane is connected to the material conveying atrium.

[0011] Preferably, the ventilation subsystem uses natural wind pressure generated by the entrance structure and vertical traffic structure for ventilation in areas shallower than 1 meter underground, and uses mechanical forced ventilation for areas deeper than 1 meter underground.

[0012] Preferably, the width of the load-bearing partition wall is not less than one meter.

[0013] Preferably, the types of space include family space, household space, collective space and personal space, and its internal space dimensions only support the customized placement of urns.

[0014] Preferably, the ground-level classical building complex and greenery are in the style of multi-courtyard Chinese classical architecture, and the landscaping is mainly based on evergreen trees.

[0015] Preferably, the total design capacity of the system is no less than one million urn units. Beneficial effects

[0016] This invention provides a vertically layered underground cemetery system. By transforming the traditional horizontal land occupation model of burial into a vertically layered development model that utilizes underground space, this system greatly conserves surface land resources and effectively protects precious arable land while respecting and continuing the traditional custom of "burial for peace." Simultaneously, its large-scale, centralized construction and operation model significantly reduces the cost of single-burial plots, providing the public with a universally affordable burial option. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a vertically layered underground cemetery system as described in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vertically layered underground cemetery system according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the ventilation structure of the auxiliary shaft of a vertically layered underground cemetery system according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of a vertically layered underground cemetery system as described in this invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of an elevator group for a vertically layered underground cemetery system as described in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the underground structure of a vertically layered underground cemetery system as described in this invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Independent hill; 103. Material transport lane; 2. Classical building complex and greenery on the ground; 201. Load-bearing wall; 203. Pedestrian atrium; 204. Material transport atrium; 3. Main entrance gate; 303. Main shaft; 304. Secondary shaft; 4. Pedestrian lane; 5. Atrium; 6. Upward double vertical shaft elevator group; 7. Downward double vertical shaft elevator group; 705. Water pump device; 8. Horizontal main lane; 9. Load-bearing isolation wall; 10. Underground space group; 11. Water collection shaft; 12. Zoning; 13. Horizontal branch lane; 14. Horizontal alley; 15. Space; D. Ground plane. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figure 1-5 This invention provides a technical solution: a vertically layered underground cemetery system, comprising two main parts: an above-ground landscape area and an underground columbarium space complex. The underground columbarium complex is constructed based on an independent hill 1 with an approximate inverted bowl or steamed bun shape, and its structure includes: The entrance structure includes a main entrance gate 3 located at the foot of the independent hill 1 and an auxiliary exit, the auxiliary exit being connected to the interior via a material conveying lane 103. The central structure is connected and reached by a pedestrian alleyway 4 extending inward from the main entrance gate 3. The central structure includes an atrium 5, which is divided into a pedestrian atrium 203 and a material handling atrium 204 by a load-bearing wall 201. The vertical traffic structure is located within the atrium 5 and includes an upward double vertical shaft elevator group 6 extending upward to near the top of the independent hill 1 and a downward double vertical shaft elevator group 7 extending downward to the deep underground. Both the upward double vertical shaft elevator group 6 and the downward double vertical shaft elevator group 7 include a main shaft 303 for transporting materials and an auxiliary shaft 304 for pedestrians and ventilation. The horizontal layered structure is based on the ground plane D. Multiple horizontal layers are opened up inside the mountain above and below the ground plane D. Each underground horizontal layer is permanently isolated by a layer of original stable strata rock and soil 16 with a thickness of not less than 30 meters to ensure structural safety and stratum stability. Each horizontal layer has a horizontal main road 8 as a main traffic artery. The partition structure is arranged along the horizontal main lane 8 and includes multiple partitions 12. Adjacent partitions 12 are separated by load-bearing isolation walls 9 with a thickness of not less than 20 meters. Each partition 12 has a horizontal branch lane 13 that is perpendicular to the horizontal main lane 8. The spatial layout structure is located inside the partition 12 and includes multiple horizontal alleys 14 that are perpendicular to the horizontal branch alleys 13 and arranged in a comb-like pattern, as well as multiple spaces 15 excavated along the two side walls of each horizontal alley 14 specifically for placing urns. All the spaces 15 together constitute an underground urn space group 10. This system is not suitable for the burial of coffins. The infrastructure system is integrated into the entire underground structure and includes a ventilation subsystem and a drainage subsystem. The drainage subsystem includes a water collection shaft 11 and a water pump device 705. The above-ground landscape area includes a group of classical buildings and green spaces 2 built on the surface of the independent hill 1 and the flat land at its foot, with a scale that is in harmony with the hilly terrain. The building group consists of multiple courtyard-style buildings that are scattered in a layout, and their total length and volume should not exceed the visual scale of the hill 1 to which they belong.

[0025] In this embodiment, the main entrance gate 3 is further configured to face south.

[0026] In this embodiment, the material conveying lane 103 is further configured to connect to the material conveying atrium 204.

[0027] In this embodiment, the ventilation subsystem is further configured such that it uses natural wind pressure generated by the entrance structure and vertical traffic structure for ventilation in areas shallower than 50 meters underground, and uses mechanical forced ventilation in areas deeper than 50 meters underground.

[0028] In this embodiment, the width of the load-bearing isolation wall 9 is not less than 20 meters.

[0029] In this embodiment, the space 15 is further configured to include family space, household space, collective space and personal space, and its internal space size only supports the customized placement of urns.

[0030] In this embodiment, the ground classical building complex and green space 2 are designed in the style of multi-courtyard Chinese classical architecture, and the landscaping is mainly based on evergreen trees.

[0031] In this embodiment, the total design capacity of the system is no less than one million urn units. Its detailed connection method is a well-known technology in this field. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and the specific work is as follows.

[0032] Example: Site selection and above-ground construction: First, select an independent hill, roughly shaped like an inverted bowl or a steamed bun, as the system's carrier. Sufficient flat area should be available at the foot of the hill for constructing the entrance plaza. The ground-level landscape area's classical architectural complex and greenery will adopt a multi-courtyard style of classical Chinese architecture, using evergreen trees for landscaping. The layout and scale of the architectural complex will not pursue grandeur and length, but rather adapt to the terrain, harmonizing with the natural topography and visual scale of the independent hill, ensuring that its size does not exceed the hill itself, forming a harmonious blend of humanistic and natural landscape. The main entrance gate and main building courtyards should preferably face south, but the final orientation needs to be determined through a comprehensive assessment of local topography, hill orientation, and flatland location to achieve optimal space utilization and landscape effect.

[0033] Underground structure development and support: The underground engineering work commenced simultaneously with the main entrance gate 3 and the auxiliary exit material transport tunnel 103. The primary function of the material transport tunnel 103 during the construction phase was to quickly remove excavated soil and debris from the underground, improving construction efficiency. Afterward, it served as a permanent auxiliary exit and ventilation passage. After reaching the central atrium 5 via the pedestrian tunnel 4, the vertical traffic structure was developed both downwards and upwards. All tunnels, atriums, and spaces must be immediately and permanently lined with reinforced concrete after excavation to ensure the permanent stability and safety of the entire underground structure.

[0034] Vertical layering and expansion scope: The underground space complex 10 of the system is not limited to the projected area of ​​the independent hill 1. Its horizontal tunnel network can extend for more than ten kilometers from beneath the hill to the surrounding plain strata, greatly expanding the burial capacity, based on stable geological conditions. Horizontal stratification is based on the ground plane D, with at least three horizontal layers (e.g., -1, -2, and -3) developed underground. Crucially, each adjacent horizontal layer must be separated by a permanent layer of original stable rock and soil 16 with a thickness of at least thirty meters; they must never be tightly connected. This design effectively disperses the upper load, utilizes the strata's own bearing capacity to prevent large-scale collapse, and ensures overall safety under deep ground pressure. The specific development depth and number of layers need to be determined based on detailed geological exploration results. In principle, the deeper the strata, the stronger the rock bearing capacity needs to be, and the risk of increased water inflow with increasing depth must be fully considered.

[0035] Specific implementation of the ventilation system: The ventilation subsystem adopts a hybrid ventilation scheme: For areas shallower than 50 meters underground, ventilation is achieved by utilizing the natural wind pressure generated by the entrance structure and vertical shafts.

[0036] For areas deeper than 50 meters underground, mechanical forced ventilation is used, specifically negative pressure ventilation: at the far end of the horizontal depth (the end of the airflow path), a special suction well is excavated to the ground, and a high-power exhaust fan is installed at the wellhead.

[0037] The exhaust fan operates continuously to expel air from the mine, creating a stable negative pressure (low pressure) state in the deep tunnels.

[0038] Driven by the pressure difference between the external atmospheric pressure and the underground negative pressure, fresh air enters through the autonomous inlet gate 3, flows through the pedestrian air intake tunnel 4 and the downward auxiliary shaft 304 into the deep horizontal zones 12, providing oxygen to the underground space and diluting and carrying away toxic and harmful gases and moisture that may be generated during the space maintenance process.

[0039] Under negative pressure, the stale air is drawn into the suction shaft and eventually exhausted to the ground. By installing adjustable dampers at key nodes in the shaft, the airflow path, direction, and volume can be precisely controlled to ensure effective ventilation in every corner.

[0040] Specific implementation of the drainage system: The drainage subsystem is mainly designed to handle underground water inrush and condensate. Drainage ditches are excavated on one side of the roadway floor of each level main roadway (8), and the water flows into the collection tank located at the lowest point of that level according to the terrain. Due to the large depth of the system, the head of a single water pump may not be able to directly discharge the water to the ground. Therefore, a multi-stage water lifting scheme is adopted: the water pump device 705 is used to discharge the water from the lower level collection tank to the collection tank of the upper level, lifting it step by step, and finally discharging it to the surface sewage treatment system through the drainage pipeline via the auxiliary well or a dedicated pipeline.

[0041] Space customization and burial: All spaces strictly adhere to the national funeral optimization strategy, designed solely for placing urns and not for accepting coffins. Space types can be customized to meet various needs, including family spaces, household spaces, communal spaces, or individual spaces, with corresponding adjustments to interior dimensions to accommodate different burial and memorial requirements.

[0042] It should be noted that in this paper, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

Claims

1. A vertically layered underground cemetery system, characterized in that, It comprises two main parts: the above-ground landscape area and the underground columbarium space. The underground columbarium complex is constructed on a separate hill (1) that is approximately bowl-shaped or bun-shaped in shape, and its structure includes: The entrance structure includes a main entrance gate (3) located at the foot of the independent hill (1) and an auxiliary exit, the auxiliary exit being connected to the interior via a material conveying lane (103); The central structure is connected and reached by a pedestrian alleyway (4) extending inward from the main entrance gate (3). The central structure includes an atrium (5), which is divided into a pedestrian atrium (203) and a material handling atrium (204) by a load-bearing wall (201). The vertical traffic structure is located in the atrium (5) and includes an upward double vertical shaft elevator group (6) extending upward to near the top of the independent hill (1) and a downward double vertical shaft elevator group (7) extending downward to the deep underground. Both the upward double vertical shaft elevator group (6) and the downward double vertical shaft elevator group (7) include a main shaft (303) for material transportation and an auxiliary shaft (304) for pedestrians and ventilation. The horizontal layered structure is based on the ground plane (D). Multiple horizontal layers are opened up inside the mountain above and below the ground plane (D). Each underground horizontal layer is permanently isolated by the original stable stratum rock and soil (16) with a thickness of not less than 30 meters to ensure structural safety and stratum stability. Each horizontal layer has a horizontal main road (8) opened up as a main traffic artery. The partition structure is arranged along the horizontal main road (8) and includes multiple partitions (12). Adjacent partitions (12) are separated by load-bearing isolation walls (9) with a thickness of not less than 20 meters. Each partition (12) has a horizontal branch road (13) that is perpendicular to the horizontal main road (8). The spatial layout structure is located inside the partition (12), including multiple horizontal alleys (14) that are perpendicular to the horizontal branch alleys (13) and arranged in a comb-like manner, and multiple spaces (15) specifically for placing urns are excavated along the two side walls of each horizontal alley (14). All the spaces (15) together constitute an underground urn space group (10). This system is not suitable for the burial of coffins. The infrastructure system is integrated into the entire underground structure and includes a ventilation subsystem and a drainage subsystem, the drainage subsystem including a water collection shaft (11) and a water pump unit (705). The above-ground landscape area includes a group of classical buildings and greenery (2) built on the surface of the independent hill (1) and the flat land at the foot of the hill, with a scale that is in harmony with the hill landform. The building group consists of multiple courtyard-style buildings that are scattered and whose total length and volume should not exceed the visual scale of the hill (1).

2. The vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main entrance gate (3) is set facing south.

3. The vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material transport lane (103) is connected to the material transport atrium (204).

4. A vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation subsystem uses natural wind pressure generated by the entrance structure and vertical traffic structure for ventilation in areas shallower than 50 meters underground, and uses mechanical forced ventilation for areas deeper than 50 meters underground.

5. A vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The width of the load-bearing isolation wall (9) shall not be less than 20 meters.

6. A vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The types of the space (15) include family space, household space, collective space and personal space, and its internal space size only supports the customized placement of urns.

7. A vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ground classical building complex and greening (2) are in the style of Chinese classical architecture with multiple courtyards, and the landscaping is mainly based on evergreen trees.

8. A vertically layered underground columbarium system integrating traditional burial customs as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The total design capacity of the system is no less than one million urn units.

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