Linear rock breaking-based TBM hob performance test detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and underground space engineering construction, in particular to a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) hob performance test detection device based on linear rock breaking, which comprises a base, a frame is arranged on the base, and a rock breaking mechanism, a rock box mechanism, a rock breaking hob component and a rock box body are arranged in the frame. A load sensor is fixed between the tool support and the hydraulic oil cylinder, and a three-way force sensor is fixed between the tool support and the tool apron; a confining pressure sensor is arranged on the rock box body, a weighing device is arranged at the bottom end in the frame, and a photoelectric temperature integrated sensor is arranged on the weighing device. By monitoring various performance parameters such as hob load, temperature and abrasion in real time, analyzing hob diameter and weight changes, analyzing rock breaking effects of different hobs and researching a hob rock breaking mechanism, quantitative evaluation of performance differences of different hobs is achieved, reference is provided for manufacturers to manufacture and optimize hob performance, and the hob rock breaking performance evaluation device is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And key guidance is provided for selection of tunnel project hobs and selection of construction parameters.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of tunnel construction and underground space engineering construction, in particular to a TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of science and technology and the rapid development of society, tunnel projects have been widely used in urban subways, municipal roads, water conservancy tunnels, integrated pipe corridors, railway tunnels, etc. Tunnels across rivers and seas and through mountains and ridges have become an indispensable part of our lives. Shield TBM has become an important equipment for tunnel construction due to its safe and efficient technical characteristics. Due to my country's vast territory and extremely complex geological conditions, long-distance and deep strata, high-stress and high-confining pressure strata, extremely hard rock strata, uneven soft and hard strata, and soft rock broken zone strata have all brought great challenges to the construction of shield TBM. The cutter is one of the important components of the shield TBM. It shoulders the important task of breaking the rock formation in front. It has always attracted much attention because of its high price and high consumption. According to statistics, when encountering complex geology and highly abrasive strata, the damage and wear of the cutter are aggravated, resulting in the cost of maintaining and replacing the cutter close to one-third of the construction cost, and a lot of time and energy are consumed for replacing and maintaining the cutter. Therefore, the performance of the shield TBM cutter and its rock breaking ability have always been the focus of the industry. Hob wear is mainly divided into normal wear and abnormal wear. Normal wear means that the degree of wear on all parts of the hob ring is basically the same. When the wear degree of the hob ring reaches the limit value, it can be replaced; abnormal wear mainly includes cutter ring edge breakage, cutter ring eccentric wear, bearing wear, etc. Therefore, choosing a hob with suitable performance can extend the service life of the tool and greatly reduce construction costs.

[0003] In order to study the performance of shield TBM cutters, it is necessary to carry out corresponding cutter rock breaking tests, study the cutter rock breaking mechanism, explore the influence of environmental factors such as rock confining pressure and temperature on cutter rock breaking, and select appropriate cutter structure, performance, and excavation parameters to improve the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction and reduce the cost of tunnel construction. For this purpose, a variety of test devices have been developed to study the cutter rock breaking mechanism, which are mainly divided into full-size cutter rock breaking devices and reduced-size cutter rock breaking devices. The full-size cutter rock breaking device uses a full-size cutter head to carry out tests, and the test data is more real and effective, and its test results and prediction capabilities are more prominent. However, the full-size cutter rock breaking device has certain disadvantages, such as expensive equipment, difficult rock processing, long test cycle, high cost, and unclear cutter wear. The reduced-size cutter rock breaking device carries out cutter rock breaking tests by reducing the cutter by the same proportion. The rock damage mechanism is basically the same as the actual project, and the actual construction can still be guided by the test results. Relevant institutions at home and abroad have developed some scaled-down rock-breaking devices, such as scaled-down linear cutting equipment (SSLCM), portable linear rock-breaking device (PLCM), Central South University TBM rock-breaking test bench, National Key Laboratory of Shield Machines rock-breaking test bench, Central South University TBM wire-cutting test bench, etc. The test devices have simple structures, small rock samples, simple tests, obvious wear of the rock cutters, and good test results. However, there are still some problems: most test devices cannot adjust the cutter spacing and cannot automatically measure the cutting distance; rock-breaking tests cannot monitor parameters such as the force load, temperature change, and wear degree of the rock cutters; the rock cutters of some devices are active in motion, which is inconsistent with actual projects; the material of the rock cutters is inconsistent with actual projects; it is impossible to apply confining pressure to the rock samples; the rock samples are made in a single way and cannot reflect the actual geological conditions, etc. Therefore, further improvements are needed to improve the comprehensive performance of scaled-down rock-breaking devices and further serve actual projects. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model specifically adopts the following technical solutions.

[0005] A TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking is designed, comprising a base, a frame is arranged on the base, a rock breaking mechanism and a rock box mechanism are arranged relatively in the frame, the rock breaking mechanism comprises a rock breaking cutter assembly, two cutter seat horizontal guide rails respectively arranged on the upper and lower end surfaces in the frame, and a hydraulic cylinder fixed to the outer wall of one side of the frame, the rock breaking cutter assembly moves along the cutter seat horizontal guide rail under the push of the hydraulic cylinder, the rock breaking cutter assembly comprises a cutter support, a cutter seat arranged on the cutter support, a cutter body arranged on the cutter seat, and a slide seat installed at both ends of the cutter support, the slide seat is slidably matched with the cutter seat horizontal guide rail; a load sensor is fixed between the cutter support and the hydraulic cylinder, and a three-way force sensor is fixed between the cutter support and the cutter seat;

[0006] The rock box mechanism comprises a rock box vertical guide rail slidably arranged on an inner wall of one side of the frame, a pad slide slidably arranged on the rock box vertical guide rail, a rock box support pad fixed on the pad slide, a rock box horizontal guide rail arranged on the rock box support pad, a rock box slide slidably arranged on the rock box horizontal guide rail, and a rock box body fixedly connected to the rock box slide; there are two rock box vertical guide rails, a lead screw nut structure is provided between the two rock box vertical guide rails on the inner wall of one side of the frame, a vertical servo motor for driving the lead screw nut structure is provided on one side of the top of the frame, a horizontal servo motor is provided on one side of the rock box support pad, a threaded rod is connected to the output shaft of the horizontal servo motor, there are two rock box horizontal guide rails, the threaded rod is located between the two rock box horizontal guide rails, and the rock box body is threadedly connected to the threaded rod; a confining pressure sensor is provided on the rock box body, a weighing device is fixed at the bottom end of the frame between the two tool holder horizontal guide rails, the weighing device is located below the rock box body, and a photoelectric temperature integrated sensor is provided on the weighing device.

[0007] Preferably, the cutter holder is composed of a base, a pad arranged on the upper surface of the base, and side plates fixed on both sides of the base and the pad. The hob body is fixed to the base through the pad and fastening bolts. The hob body includes a cutter shaft with two ends respectively rotatably arranged on the base, and a cutter ring fixed to the cutter shaft through a fastening nut and a gasket.

[0008] Preferably, the rock box body includes a rock box frame, a rock box movable pad, and a rock sample from the outside to the inside. The rock box movable pads are four pieces, which are respectively located around the rock sample, and the outer periphery is surrounded and fixed by the rock box frame. The confining pressure sensor is arranged on the rock box frame and in contact with the rock box movable pad.

[0009] Preferably, the frame is surrounded by four steel plates, and the frame is fixedly connected to the base by bolts, and movable panels are provided on the front and rear sides of the frame.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a host computer, a control cabinet arranged on the base, a horizontal displacement controller and a confining pressure controller arranged on the top of the frame, a vertical displacement controller arranged on the rear side of the vertical servo motor, and an oil pump connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a hydraulic circuit. The host computer is connected to the control cabinet through a communication cable.

[0011] Preferably, shaft sleeves are respectively mounted on both ends of the knife shaft, and bearings are respectively mounted on the outer side of each shaft sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the oil pump is connected to a water pump via a pipeline.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0014] 1. The utility model simulates the actual rock-breaking process of a roller cutter and studies the rock-breaking mechanism of a roller cutter by controlling the structure of each part, setting parameters, adjusting rock samples, changing roller cutter performance, and setting different test conditions. The device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has rich monitoring data, including various performance parameters such as roller cutter load, temperature, and wear. It can quantitatively evaluate the performance differences of different roller cutters, provide a reference for manufacturers to manufacture and optimize roller cutter performance, and provide key guidance for the selection of roller cutters and construction parameters for tunnel projects.

[0015] 2. The utility model is provided with movable panels at the front and rear of the frame, which can effectively isolate the dust and noise generated when the roller cutter rock breaking test is carried out under certain working conditions, thereby ensuring the cleanliness and safety of the test environment.

[0016] 3. The rock-breaking cutter assembly of the utility model moves horizontally, and the rock sample moves vertically, distributing the vertical and horizontal movements to two structures, which is conducive to exploring the effect of individual movements and better studying the rock-breaking mechanism of the cutter. The rock sample is placed in a vertical state, and the cutter is excavated horizontally to break the rock, which is different from most vertical rock-breaking devices and is more in line with the actual rock-breaking state. The vertical servo motor and the vertical displacement controller realize the vertical movement of the rock box; the horizontal servo motor and the horizontal displacement controller realize the horizontal movement of the rock box, which greatly increases the force-bearing area of ​​the rock sample, improves the utilization rate of the rock sample, saves the test cost, and can further study the influence of the distance between the cutters and the air surface on the rock-breaking of the cutter.

[0017] 4. The confining pressure controller in the utility model can realize the confining pressure control of the rock sample and display the confining pressure value, which is more in line with the actual working conditions. The water pump can reduce the temperature of the oil pump through water circulation, effectively prolong the test time and reduce the test risk. The cutter holder and the three-way force sensor are installed on the cutter support together, and the load sensor is installed between the cutter support and the frame. It can monitor the force on the cutter and the cutter support in real time, study and analyze the pressure on the test device, verify each other, and the data is more accurate and reliable. The photoelectric temperature integrated sensor can monitor the wear diameter and temperature of the cutter ring, and the weighing device can detect the weight of the rock slag. By analyzing the changes in the diameter and weight of the cutter and the weight of the rock slag, the performance parameters and rock breaking effects of different cutters can be effectively judged, which provides an important reference for manufacturers to manufacture cutters and provides support for the selection of engineering excavation parameters.

[0018] 5. In the utility model, a sleeve is installed at each end of the cutter shaft, and three bearings are installed on the outside of each sleeve to realize the rotation of the cutter. Multiple bearings can effectively share the rock breaking pressure, improve the bearing capacity of the cutter shaft, and solve the problem of cutter shaft breakage under high load test conditions. The cutter ring can carry out rock breaking tests based on scaled cutters with different structural parameters and performance parameters to simulate the rock breaking of real shield TBM cutters. The structural parameters include thickness, diameter, blade shape, blade width, blade angle, etc., and the performance parameters include material, hardness, toughness, wear resistance, etc., to realize the rock breaking performance detection of different cutters, provide a reference for the selection of actual engineering tools, and save costs.

[0019] 6. The rock box in the utility model adopts a rock box frame and a rock box movable pad to fix the rock sample together, which ensures the vertical state of the rock sample and is more conducive to rock breaking test.

[0020] 7. The utility model can carry out rock-breaking tests with roller cutters based on rock samples of different types and structures. The types of rock samples are selected according to the actual project. A single rock sample can be granite, sandstone, basalt, etc. The rock sample structure can be set according to the actual project, such as isolated rock formations, soft upper and hard lower, lava fissures, etc.; or rock samples with good uniformity can be used to evaluate the rock-breaking effects of roller cutters of different properties. The test conditions and excavation parameters are rich and varied, and more in line with the actual situation. The real-time detection method of roller cutter performance has a simple test method and convenient steps. The roller cutter rock-breaking test can be simulated by installing the roller cutter, installing the rock sample, selecting parameters, detecting signals, and analyzing results. The mechanism of roller cutter rock-breaking can be studied to quantitatively evaluate the performance differences of different roller cutters, provide a reference for manufacturers to optimize roller cutter performance, and provide key guidance for the selection of roller cutters and construction parameters for tunnel projects, further improve the roller cutter processing quality, and reduce construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock box mechanism in the utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rock breaking mechanism;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rock breaking cutter assembly;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the knife holder;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the knife holder;

[0027] The numbers in the figure are: host computer 1, control cabinet 2, rock box body 3, vertical servo motor 4, horizontal displacement controller 5, confining pressure controller 6, tool holder 7, three-way force sensor 8, load sensor 9, oil pump 10, water pump 11, hydraulic cylinder 12, frame 13, tool support 14, tool holder horizontal guide rail 15, photoelectric temperature integrated sensor 16, weighing device 17, base 18, rock box support pad 19, rock box slide 20, pad slide 21, tool support slide 22, vertical displacement controller 31, rock box vertical guide rail 32, rock box horizontal guide rail 33, threaded rod 34, horizontal servo motor 35, rock box frame 36, rock box movable pad 37, confining pressure sensor 38, rock sample 39, rock breaking trajectory 310, pad 71, gasket 72, knife ring 73, fastening nut 74, bearing 75, sleeve 76, knife shaft 77, side plate 78, base 79, fastening bolt 710. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking, such as Figures 1 to 6 As shown, it includes a base 18, on which a frame 13 is provided, the frame 13 is surrounded by four steel plates, and the bottom of the frame 13 is fixedly connected to the base 18 by bolts, and the base 18 is used to support the entire detection device to ensure the stability of the entire frame during the tool rock breaking test and to ensure the accurate controllability of the data; the frame 13 is the foundation of the entire detection device, and includes four steel plates at the upper, lower, left and right sides to support the entire detection device to carry out the roller rock breaking test, resist the reaction force generated by the mutual movement of the rock box body 3 and the tool support 14, and ensure the smooth progress of the rock breaking test; movable panels are arranged at the front and rear of the frame 13, which can effectively isolate the dust and noise generated when the roller rock breaking test is carried out under certain working conditions.

[0031] The frame 13 is provided with a rock breaking mechanism and a rock box mechanism which are arranged opposite to each other. The rock breaking mechanism includes a rock breaking roller cutter assembly, two horizontal guide rails 15 for a cutter holder respectively arranged on the upper and lower end surfaces of the frame 13, and a hydraulic cylinder 12 fixed to an outer wall of one side of the frame 13. The hydraulic cylinder 12 is connected to an oil pump 10 through a hydraulic circuit to control the horizontal movement of a cutter holder 14. The oil pump 10 is connected to a water pump 11 through a pipeline to dissipate heat for the oil pump 10. The rock breaking cutter assembly moves along the cutter holder horizontal guide rail 15 driven by the hydraulic cylinder 12. The rock breaking cutter assembly includes a cutter support 14, a cutter holder 7 arranged on the cutter support 14, a cutter body arranged on the cutter holder 7, and slides 22 installed at both ends of the cutter support 14. The slides 22 slide in cooperation with the cutter holder horizontal guide rail 15. Based on the control of the host computer 1 and the action of the hydraulic cylinder 12, the smooth movement of the cutter support 14 on the cutter holder horizontal guide rail 15 is ensured, so that the rock breaking cutter assembly can perform a simulated rock breaking test.

[0032] The cutter base 7 is composed of a base 79, a pad 71 arranged on the upper surface of the base 79, and a side plate 78 fixed on the two sides of the base 79 and the pad 71. The hob body is fixed on the base 79 through the pad 71 and the fastening bolts 710. The hob body includes a cutter shaft 77 rotatably arranged on the base 79 at both ends, and a cutter ring 73 fixed on the cutter shaft 77 through a fastening nut 74 and a gasket 72. By fastening the gasket 72, the cutter ring 73 and the fastening nut 74 together on the cutter shaft 77, a basic rock breaking structure hob is formed, and a hob rock breaking test is carried out. Shaft sleeves 76 are respectively installed at both ends of the cutter shaft 77, and bearings 75 are respectively installed on the outside of each shaft sleeve 76. In the utility model, there are three bearings 75 on the outside of each shaft sleeve 76, which together realize the rotation of the hob.

[0033] A load sensor 9 is fixed between the tool support 14 and the hydraulic cylinder 12 to monitor the load on the entire tool support 14 in real time and realize the measurement of the thrust of the experimental device; a three-axis force sensor 8 is fixed between the tool support 14 and the tool holder 7 to monitor the three-axis force on the hob and realize real-time and accurate monitoring of the hob force.

[0034] The rock box mechanism includes a rock box vertical guide rail 32 slidingly arranged on the inner wall of one side of the frame 13, a pad slide 21 slidingly arranged on the rock box vertical guide rail 32, a rock box support pad 19 fixed on the pad slide 21, a rock box horizontal guide rail 33 arranged on the rock box support pad 19, a rock box slide 20 slidingly arranged on the rock box horizontal guide rail 33, and a rock box body 3 fixedly connected to the rock box slide 20; the rock box body 3 includes a rock box frame 36, a rock box movable pad 37, and a rock sample 39 from the outside to the inside, and the rock box movable pad 37 is four pieces, which are respectively located around the rock sample 39, and the outer periphery is surrounded and fixed by the rock box frame 36. The rock sample 39 is placed in the rock box frame 36, and four rock box movable pads 37 are arranged around the rock sample 39 to fasten the rock sample 39, and the rock breaking track 310 is left after the hob breaks the rock. There are two vertical guide rails 32 of the rock box, which are respectively fixed to the left side panel inside the frame 13 by bolt connection, ensuring the vertical movement of the rock box support pad 19 and the rock box body 3. A lead screw nut structure is provided between the two rock box vertical guide rails 32 on the inner wall of one side of the frame 13, and a vertical servo motor 4 for driving the lead screw nut structure is provided on the top side of the frame 13. The vertical movement of the rock box body 3 is achieved by controlling the vertical servo motor 4. The vertical servo motor 4 is installed and fixed on the frame 13 by bolt connection, and cooperates with the rock box vertical guide rail 32 through the lead screw nut structure to further control the vertical movement of the rock box support pad 19 and the rock box body 3. The vertical servo motor 4 can accurately move the rock box body 3 vertically with high precision. A horizontal displacement controller 5 and a confining pressure controller 6 are provided on the top of the frame 13. The horizontal displacement controller 5 is installed and fixed on the frame 13 by bolt connection, and the horizontal movement of the rock box body 3 is achieved by controlling the horizontal servo motor 35; and the horizontal displacement of the rock box body 3 is displayed with high precision. The confining pressure controller 6 is fixed on the frame 13 by bolt connection, and is connected to the confining pressure sensor 38 by cables to realize the confining pressure control of the rock sample 39 and display the confining pressure value.

[0035] A horizontal servo motor 35 is provided on one side of the rock box support pad 19, the output shaft of the horizontal servo motor 35 is connected to a threaded rod 34, and the other end is rotatably arranged on the rock box support pad 19, there are two rock box horizontal guide rails 33, the threaded rod 34 is located between the two rock box horizontal guide rails 33, and the rock box body 3 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 34; the vertical displacement controller 31 is fixed on the frame 13 by bolt connection, and is located on the rear side of the vertical servo motor 4. By controlling the vertical servo motor 4, the vertical movement of the rock box support pad 19 and the rock box body 3 is realized, and the vertical displacement of the rock box body 3 is displayed with high precision. The horizontal servo motor 35 is fixed on the rock box support pad 19 by bolt connection, and is connected to the threaded rod 34 through a transmission shaft, so as to realize the horizontal movement of the rock box body 3 on the rock box horizontal guide rail 33.

[0036] By setting the rock box support pad 19, the rock box 3 can move vertically along the rock box vertical guide rail 32 and horizontally along the rock box horizontal guide rail 33, while ensuring the verticality of the rock surface of the rock sample 39, which is beneficial to the data reliability of the roller cutter rock breaking test.

[0037] A confining pressure sensor 38 is provided on the rock box body 3, which can measure the confining pressure changes of the rock sample 39 in real time and study the rock breaking mechanism of the roller cutter more clearly. The confining pressure sensor 38 is arranged on the rock box frame 36 and contacts with the rock box movable pad 37; a weighing device 17 is fixed at the bottom end of the frame 13 between the two cutter seat horizontal guide rails 15, which can collect rock slag in real time and automatically measure the weight of the rock slag. The weighing device 17 is located below the rock box body 3, and a photoelectric temperature integrated sensor 16 is provided on the weighing device 17 for monitoring the wear diameter of the roller cutter and the rock breaking temperature of the roller cutter, so as to better study the rock breaking mechanism of the roller cutter.

[0038] It also includes a control mechanism, which includes a host computer 1, a control cabinet 2 arranged on a base 18, a horizontal displacement controller 5 and a confining pressure controller 6 arranged on the top of a frame 13, a vertical displacement controller 31 arranged on the rear side of a vertical servo motor 4, and an oil pump 10 connected to a hydraulic cylinder 12 through a hydraulic circuit. The host computer 1 is connected to the control cabinet 2 through a communication cable, and is used to control the operation of the entire device, the recording of test data, the interface display of test data, the start and end of the test, etc.

[0039] When the utility model is tested and inspected, first, the diameter and weight of the cutter ring 73 are measured, and photographed and recorded; then the cutter ring 73 is installed on the cutter seat 7 and the cutter support 14, and the rock sample 39 is installed in the rock box body 3;

[0040] When installing the roller cutter, a roller cutter rock breaking test is carried out based on scaled roller cutters with different structural parameters and performance parameters to simulate the rock breaking of a real shield TBM roller cutter; the structural parameters include thickness, diameter, blade type, blade width, blade angle, etc., and the performance parameters include material, hardness, toughness, wear resistance, etc.; the cutter ring 73 is installed on the cutter shaft 77, and the two ends of the cutter ring 73 are fixed with gaskets 72 and fastening nuts 74, and then the two ends of the cutter shaft 77 are respectively covered with shaft sleeves 76, and three bearings 75 are respectively installed on the two shaft sleeves 76; the installed cutter ring 73, gasket 72, fastening nuts 74, shaft sleeves 76, and bearings 75 are placed together in the base 79, a groove for placing the roller cutter is opened on the base 79, and the pad 71 is covered on the base 79, and the pad 71 and the base 79 are fixed together with eight fastening bolts 710, and then the two side plates 78 and the base 79 are fastened together with six fastening bolts 710. Then rotate the cutter ring 73 to see if the cutter ring 73 and the cutter shaft 77 can rotate smoothly together. If there is a jamming phenomenon, immediately adjust the tightness of the fastening bolts 710 to ensure that the cutter ring 73 and the cutter shaft 77 can rotate stably and smoothly while the cutter holder 7 is tightened. Then fix the cutter holder 7 as a whole together with the three-way force sensor 8 on the cutter support 14, connect them with long bolts, and ensure that the cutter holder 7 is vertical as a whole, without unbalanced force, and can move horizontally with the cutter support 14. At the same time, when installing the cutter ring 73 on the cutter shaft 77, the number of gaskets 72 and the position of the fastening nut 74 can be adjusted, and two cutter rings 73 can be installed at the same time to realize the double-edged hob rock breaking test, and the sleeve 76 and the bearing 75 can effectively prevent the cutter shaft 77 from breaking, simulating the actual working conditions more realistically.

[0041] When the rock sample 39 is installed, a roller rock breaking test is carried out based on rock samples of different types and structures. The type of rock sample is selected according to the actual project. A single rock sample can be granite, sandstone, basalt, etc.; the rock sample structure is set according to the actual project, such as isolated rock formation, soft upper and hard lower, lava cracks, etc. Or a rock sample with good uniformity is used to evaluate the rock breaking effect of rollers of different properties. The rock sample 39 is placed in the rock box frame 36, and four rock box movable pads 37 are placed around the rock sample 39, which are used together with the rock box frame 36 to fasten the rock sample 39; the position of the rock sample 39 is adjusted to ensure that the plane of the rock sample is vertical to avoid tilting angles. Turn on the host computer 1, the control cabinet 2, the oil pump 10, and the water pump 11, and move the rock box body 3 to the vertical initial position through the vertical servo motor 4 and the vertical displacement controller 31, and move the rock box body 3 to the horizontal initial position through the horizontal displacement controller 5 and the horizontal servo motor 35, and record the position of the rock box.

[0042] After the installation of the roller cutter and the rock sample, turn on the host computer 1, control cabinet 2, oil pump 10, and water pump 11; adjust the confining pressure of the rock sample 39, reset the sensor parameters, adjust the cutter ring 73 and the position of the rock sample 39, and set the test parameters. When selecting parameters, the roller cutter rock breaking test is carried out by selecting different test conditions and excavation parameters. Test conditions include: rock sample type, rock sample structure, rock sample confining pressure parameters, roller cutter structure parameters, roller cutter performance parameters, number of roller cutter rings, etc.; excavation parameters include: roller cutter excavation speed, roller cutter excavation depth, roller cutter excavation time, rock box vertical movement speed, rock box vertical movement displacement, rock box vertical movement boundary, rock box horizontal position, rock box horizontal rock breaking boundary, spacing of roller cutter rock breaking trajectory, etc.; select different parameters to carry out the test according to the actual working conditions.

[0043] The rock breaking test begins. During this process, the rock box body 3 is controlled to move vertically or horizontally. The roller cutter body is pushed to move horizontally by the hydraulic cylinder 12 to break the rock sample in the rock box body 3. The three-dimensional force of the roller cutter is monitored by the three-dimensional force sensor 8, the load sensor 9 monitors the load on the cutter support, the photoelectric temperature integrated sensor 16 monitors the wear diameter and temperature of the cutter ring, the weighing device 17 detects the weight of the rock slag, and the confining pressure sensor 38 detects the confining pressure on the rock sample 39. Through the detection of multiple signals, the performance of different types of roller cutters can be evaluated. When the roller cutter rock breaking test is carried out, the host computer 1 records various test parameters in real time; based on all the detected sensor signal data, as well as different test conditions, excavation parameters, etc., the performance characteristics of different types of roller cutters are analyzed, the changes in the diameter and weight of the roller cutters are analyzed, the rock breaking effects of different roller cutters are analyzed, and the weight loss of rock slag under different cutter spacing conditions is analyzed; the mechanism of roller cutter rock breaking is studied to provide a reference for manufacturers to manufacture roller cutters, a basis for the selection of roller cutters for engineering projects, and guidance for the selection of excavation parameters for engineering projects.

[0044] After the setting requirements are met, the cutter ring 73 is returned, and the new cutter ring 73 and the rock sample 39 are disassembled and replaced;

[0045] Repeat the above steps; when the test is finished, turn off the oil pump 10, water pump 11, host computer 1, control cabinet 2, and clean up the rock debris.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (18), a frame (13) is arranged on the base (18), a rock breaking mechanism and a rock box mechanism are arranged in the frame (13) respectively and oppositely, the rock breaking mechanism comprises a rock breaking roller cutter assembly, two horizontal guide rails (15) of a cutter seat respectively arranged on the upper and lower end surfaces of the frame (13), and a hydraulic cylinder (12) fixed on the outer wall of one side of the frame (13), the rock breaking roller cutter assembly moves along the horizontal guide rail (15) of the cutter seat under the push of the hydraulic cylinder (12), The rock breaking roller cutter assembly comprises a cutter support (14), a cutter seat (7) arranged on the cutter support (14), a roller cutter body arranged on the cutter seat (7), and a slide seat (22) installed at both ends of the cutter support (14), wherein the slide seat (22) is slidably matched with a cutter seat horizontal guide rail (15); a load sensor (9) is fixed between the cutter support (14) and the hydraulic cylinder (12), and a three-axis force sensor (8) is fixed between the cutter support (14) and the cutter seat (7); The rock box mechanism comprises a rock box vertical guide rail (32) slidably arranged on the inner wall of one side of the frame (13), a pad slide (21) slidably arranged on the rock box vertical guide rail (32), a rock box support pad (19) fixed on the pad slide (21), a rock box horizontal guide rail (33) arranged on the rock box support pad (19), a rock box slide (20) slidably arranged on the rock box horizontal guide rail (33), and a rock box body (3) fixedly connected to the rock box slide (20); the rock box vertical guide rails (32) are two, a lead screw nut structure is provided between the two rock box vertical guide rails (32) on the inner wall of one side of the frame (13), and a vertical guide for driving the lead screw nut structure is provided on the top side of the frame (13). A linear servo motor (4) is provided, and a horizontal servo motor (35) is provided on one side of the rock box support pad (19), the output shaft of the horizontal servo motor (35) is connected to a threaded rod (34), there are two rock box horizontal guide rails (33), the threaded rod (34) is located between the two rock box horizontal guide rails (33), and the rock box body (3) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (34); a confining pressure sensor (38) is provided on the rock box body (3), and a weighing device (17) is fixed at the bottom end of the frame (13) between the two tool holder horizontal guide rails (15), the weighing device (17) is located below the rock box body (3), and a photoelectric temperature integrated sensor (16) is provided on the weighing device.

2. The TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutter holder (7) is composed of a base (79), a backing plate (71) arranged on the upper surface of the base (79), and a side plate (78) fixed to the base (79) and the side surfaces of the backing plate (71); the hob body is fixed to the base (79) by the backing plate (71) and the fastening bolts (710); the hob body includes a cutter shaft (77) with two ends rotatably arranged on the base (79), and a cutter ring (73) fixed to the cutter shaft (77) by a fastening nut (74) and a gasket (72).

3. The TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rock box body (3) includes, from outside to inside, a rock box frame (36), a rock box movable pad (37), and a rock sample (39). The rock box movable pad (37) is composed of four pieces, which are respectively located around the rock sample (39), and the outer periphery of which is surrounded and fixed by the rock box frame (36). The confining pressure sensor (38) is arranged on the rock box frame (36) and is in contact with the rock box movable pad (37).

4. The TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (13) is surrounded by four steel plates, and the frame (13) is fixedly connected to the base (18) by bolts, and movable panels are provided on the front and rear sides of the frame (13).

5. The TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism comprises a host computer (1), a control cabinet (2) arranged on a base (18), a horizontal displacement controller (5) and a confining pressure controller (6) arranged on the top of a frame (13), a vertical displacement controller (31) arranged on the rear side of a vertical servo motor (4), and an oil pump (10) connected to a hydraulic cylinder (12) via a hydraulic circuit. The host computer (1) is connected to the control cabinet (2) via a communication cable.

6. The TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking according to claim 2, characterized in that: Axle sleeves (76) are respectively mounted on both ends of the knife shaft (77), and a bearing (75) is respectively mounted on the outer side of each axle sleeve (76).

7. The TBM cutter performance test and detection device based on linear rock breaking according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oil pump (10) is connected to a water pump (11) via a pipeline.

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