Vertical reactor for producing green ammonia

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical reactor for green ammonia production, which comprises a shell, an internal part is arranged in the shell and divides the shell into a first cavity and a second cavity, an annular space is formed between the outer wall of the internal part and the inner wall of the shell, and a third cavity, a fourth cavity and an electric heater are arranged in the internal part. The device further comprises a lower heat exchanger, an upper catalyst frame assembly, a catalyst reaction cavity and a fifth cavity, a dead gas heat insulation cavity is further formed between the catalyst reaction cavity and the electric heater, and gas inlets are formed in the shell and comprise an annular gap gas inlet, a main gas inlet and a temperature adjusting gas inlet. The shell is cooled through basically constant external cold gas, large temperature fluctuation is prevented, operation under the fatigue working condition is avoided, the service life of the shell is prolonged, the heat dissipation performance of the shell is improved, the service life of the shell is prolonged, and the service life of the shell is prolonged. And the temperature of the catalyst reaction can be adjusted through external cold gas, so that the reaction efficiency of the catalytic reaction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wind, light and storage integration of renewable energy, and in particular to a vertical reactor for green ammonia production that utilizes renewable energy to synthesize ammonia, thereby storing renewable energy such as wind and light in the form of green ammonia products. Background Art

[0002] Renewable clean energy includes solar energy, wind energy, hydropower, ocean energy, geothermal energy, bioenergy, etc. They can be recycled in nature and are inexhaustible and environmentally friendly energy.

[0003] The extensive use of renewable clean energy is the direction of future development, especially in the northwest of my country, which has abundant wind energy and light energy. However, the electricity converted from wind energy and light energy cannot be applied on a large scale. The main reason is that due to the influence of the natural environment, wind and solar power generation has the characteristics of intermittent, volatility and instability. The principle of photovoltaic power generation is the "photovoltaic effect" of semiconductors, and its power generation is related to the intensity of light; the principle of wind power generation is to convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical kinetic energy through windmills, and then convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. Therefore, the amount of wind power generation is related to the size of wind power. The efficiency of wind and solar power generation is affected by factors such as sunlight and wind power. It has the defects of large volatility and weak stability, which can easily lead to mismatch between the power generation side and the power grid side. The large-scale grid connection of wind and solar renewable energy (generally not exceeding 20% ​​of the total capacity of the power grid) will also bring a greater impact to the power grid, threatening the safety and stability of the power system. For this reason, it is urgent to find a safe and reliable method for converting wind and solar renewable energy on site.

[0004] The vertical reactor is one of the important facilities for ammonia synthesis. For traditional industrial ammonia synthesis devices, "safety, stability, long-term, full and excellent" are the goals to be pursued and the key to the benefits of the device. However, for wind and solar renewable clean energy, the characteristics of large volatility and weak stability inevitably determine that the matching zero-carbon green ammonia synthesis device cannot achieve the comprehensive goals of "stability, long-term, full and excellent". Therefore, on the basis of ensuring safety, the synthesis device must be linked with wind and solar renewable clean energy to realize a zero-carbon green ammonia synthesis device that moves with wind and solar, thereby realizing the safe, effective and economical conversion of the energy of 10-110% load wind and solar renewable energy.

[0005] In view of the special working conditions of the system that uses renewable energy (wind, light, etc.) to produce green hydrogen and then green ammonia, that is, the direct energy supply has high intensity volatility, the green ammonia synthesis system may be frequently started and stopped. Even during the start-up operation, the reaction gas volume of the synthesis system will repeatedly fluctuate within a range. With the fluctuation of the reaction gas volume and reaction temperature of the synthesis system, the central tube of the reactor will float up after thermal expansion and sink after thermal contraction. Frequent up and down activities are likely to cause the following quality problems in the reactor:

[0006] 1. Due to fatigue conditions, the central tube of the reactor frequently floats up and down, and the bottom support plate of the upper catalyst frame is damaged, resulting in catalyst leakage;

[0007] 2. The sealing filler between the radial layer outlet pipe and the center pipe is easy to wear, resulting in gas leakage and short circuit.

[0008] In view of the fact that green ammonia or the operating conditions change greatly, in the process of green ammonia generation, the operating temperature fluctuation of the heating gas used by the catalyst is often large. Therefore, the utility model is designed accordingly and a vertical reactor for green ammonia production is proposed.

[0009] After searching, it was found that the Chinese utility model patent with application number 201810051414.5 proposed an ammonia synthesis reactor and an ammonia synthesis process. The ammonia synthesis reactor includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder; the inner cylinder is separated into multiple sections by a head in the height direction, and a catalyst basket is correspondingly arranged in each section: a heat exchange device is arranged in the catalyst basket in some areas, which heats the unreacted gas and cools the reaction gas, effectively avoiding catalyst deactivation and extending the catalyst service life.

[0010] Compared with the above patents, the present application proposes a vertical reactor for green ammonia production in view of the large changes in working conditions such as green ammonia production. The zero-meter secondary line air inlet f0 and the cold shock air inlet f1 are connected to the outside, and the temperature of the catalytic reaction gas is regulated by connecting them with the temperature-adjusting gas outlet, which effectively prevents large temperature fluctuations during the green ammonia production process. In addition, an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate are arranged on the catalyst reaction chamber, and the upper plate and the catalyst placement plate are respectively provided with connecting holes, and a card slot is arranged on the catalyst placement plate and connected by a rotating card. The catalyst reaction chamber is connected to the third cavity through the upper plate, and the catalyst placement plate is connected to the upper catalyst frame assembly through the catalyst placement plate. The catalyst placement plate is connected, and a card slot is provided on the catalyst placement plate and is connected to the inner wall of the inner part through a rotating card. The card is locked by rotating the rotating card. This not only facilitates its upward removal, but also prevents the catalyst placement plate from moving upward, which is also convenient for removal. A dead air insulation chamber is provided between the electric heater and the reaction chamber. The dead air insulation chamber is filled with a filler for insulation, which can effectively prevent the electric heater from transferring heat to the catalyst reaction chamber when heating, thereby affecting the reaction efficiency of the catalyst reaction chamber. A thermocouple port is provided in the shell, in which thermocouples are respectively installed, for real-time detection of temperature changes in each cavity in the shell. When temperature abnormalities occur, they can be discovered and adjusted in time.

[0011] After searching, it was found that the Chinese utility model patent with application number CN93115651.3 proposed a gas-solid catalytic reactor for the synthesis of ammonia and methanol in chemical production and other gas-solid catalytic reversible reactions. The sealed container mainly consists of an inner cylinder (10) and an outer cylinder (11), which is divided into four sections A, B, C, and D in the reactor. Sections A, B, and D are adiabatic sections, and section C is an internal cooling section. There is no cold tube bundle in the middle, and a heat exchanger (1) is provided at the bottom for heat exchange, according to the three-adiabatic internal cooling split process flow. The unreacted cold air is divided into two streams; 60-75% of the cold air enters the reactor from the air inlet (16), and the other stream of cold air with a temperature of 30-180°C and a temperature of 25-40% enters from the bottom side air inlet (14), which also serves as a regulator of the reaction temperature in the reactor to keep it in the best state, so that the net value of ammonia increases from 14-15% to 16-19%, and the reliability of the reactor is improved.

[0012] The present application realizes the circulation of the annular gap gas in the annular gap by setting up the first cavity, the second cavity and the annular gap, and also sets up a temperature-adjusting gas inlet, through which cold gas for adjusting the temperature of the converged gas is input, and the temperature of the converged gas heated by the heater is adjusted. After adjusting to the appropriate temperature, the temperature-appropriate converged gas enters the catalyst reaction chamber to react with the catalyst therein, thereby effectively increasing the reaction efficiency of the catalyst. Compared with the above patent, the present application also arranges an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate on the catalyst reaction chamber. A card slot is arranged on the catalyst placement plate and is clamped on the inner wall of the inner part through a rotating clamp. During use, the clamp is rotated to achieve locking. This not only facilitates its upward removal, but also prevents the catalyst placement plate from moving upward, which is also convenient for removal. A dead air insulation chamber is arranged between the electric heater and the reaction chamber. The dead air insulation chamber is filled with a filler for insulation. A thermocouple port is arranged in the shell, and thermocouples are respectively installed therein for real-time detection of temperature changes in each cavity in the shell. In cooperation with the temperature regulating air outlet, when temperature abnormalities occur, they can be discovered in time and the temperature can be neutralized and adjusted.

[0013] After searching, it was found that the Chinese utility model patent with application number 202021946347.2 proposed a multi-stage cold wall internal hot axis radial fixed bed reactor for reversible reaction, which is composed of a pressure shell and an integrated internal part, characterized in that an annular gap is provided between the outer wall of the inner cylinder of the integrated internal part and the inner wall of the pressure shell, and the fresh gas entering the pressure shell from the bottom of the pressure shell moves upward through the annular gap and enters the catalyst bed in the integrated internal part from the top of the integrated internal part, so that the pressure shell is in a cold air atmosphere. The utility model sets an annular gap between the pressure shell and the integrated internal part, the pressure shell is in a cold air atmosphere, and the cold wall design reduces the design temperature and thus reduces the wall thickness and reduces investment.

[0014] The technical problem that the above patent needs to solve is that the current domestic reactors of this type have complex structures, short service life of internal parts, low catalyst filling rate in the high-pressure shell space, uneven gas flow distribution in the catalyst bed, low net ammonia value and other problems. These are the issues that the relevant technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Compared with the present application, the present application can not only solve the technical problems mentioned in the above patents, but also provide a temperature-adjusting gas inlet, input cold gas for adjusting the temperature of the combined gas through the temperature-adjusting gas inlet, adjust the temperature of the combined gas heated by the heater, and after adjusting to the appropriate temperature, the temperature-appropriate combined gas enters the catalyst reaction chamber to react with the catalyst therein. It effectively increases the reaction efficiency of the catalyst and is used in conjunction with the thermocouple port in the shell to detect the temperature changes of each cavity in the shell in real time. When abnormal temperature occurs, it can be discovered and adjusted in time. Moreover, an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate are arranged on the catalyst reaction chamber, a card slot is arranged on the catalyst placement plate and is clamped to the inner wall of the inner part through a rotating clamp. During the installation and catalyst loading and unloading process, the card is locked by rotating the rotating clamp. This not only facilitates its upward removal, but also prevents the catalyst placement plate from moving upward, which is also convenient for removal. A dead air insulation cavity is arranged between the electric heater and the reaction chamber, and the dead air insulation cavity is filled with a filler for insulation. Utility Model Content

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model proposes a vertical reactor for green ammonia production, which is cooled by an external cold gas shell to prevent large temperature fluctuations, avoid operation under fatigue conditions, increase its service life, and can also adjust the temperature of the catalyst reaction by external cold gas to increase the reaction efficiency of the catalytic reaction.

[0016] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0017] A vertical reactor for green ammonia production, comprising an outer shell, wherein an inner part is installed in the outer shell, characterized in that: the inner part is vertically installed in the outer shell and is separated into a first cavity located above the inner part and a second cavity located below the inner part in the outer shell, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the inner part and the inner wall of the outer shell, the first cavity and the second cavity are connected through the annular gap, a third cavity, a fourth cavity and an electric heater are arranged in the inner part, the electric heater is installed between the third cavity and the fourth cavity and connects the third cavity and the fourth cavity, a temperature-adjusting gas outlet is arranged in the third cavity, and the catalyst reaction chamber comprises an upper catalyst frame assembly, a catalyst reaction chamber and a fifth cavity, wherein the catalyst reaction chamber comprises an upper The catalyst placing plate and the catalyst placing plate, the upper plate and the catalyst placing plate are respectively provided with connecting holes, the catalyst placing plate is provided with a card slot and is connected by a rotating card, the catalyst reaction chamber is connected with the third cavity through the upper plate, and is connected with the upper catalyst frame assembly through the catalyst placing plate, the lower heat exchanger is installed between the upper catalyst frame assembly and the fifth cavity, and a dead air insulation cavity is also provided between the catalyst reaction chamber and the electric heater, the outer shell is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet includes an annular gap air inlet, a main air inlet and a temperature regulating air inlet, the annular gap air inlet is connected with the first cavity, the main air inlet is connected with the second cavity, and the temperature regulating air inlet passes through the temperature regulating air inlet provided on the third cavity The air through hole is connected to the temperature-adjusting air outlet, and the inner part is provided with an annular gap air inlet, a main air inlet and a hot air outlet. The annular gap air inlet is connected to the annular gap air inlet, and the main air inlet is connected to the fourth cavity via the main air inlet. The main air inputted from the main air inlet and the annular gap air inputted from the annular gap air inlet enter the fourth cavity and merge to form a merged gas which enters the electric heater connected to the fourth cavity for heating and is transported to the third cavity. The cold gas outputted from the temperature-adjusting air outlet is input into the catalyst reaction cavity after the temperature is adjusted. The merged gas after the reaction enters the upper catalyst frame assembly, and is input into the fifth cavity after heat exchange through the lower heat exchanger at its bottom. The hot air outlet is connected to the fifth cavity, and also includes a shell heat exchanger. The thermocouple port in the shell includes a first thermocouple port in the shell and a second thermocouple port in the shell. The first thermocouple port in the shell and the second thermocouple port in the shell respectively pass through the first cavity, the third cavity and the catalyst reaction cavity from top to bottom in sequence, and extend into the upper catalyst frame assembly. A first through hole is arranged on the top of the shell, and a second through hole is arranged on the bottom. The first through hole is connected to the electric heater, and an electric furnace interface is installed on the first through hole. The second through hole is connected to the second cavity. The main air inlet is installed on the second through hole. It also includes a hot air outlet pipe. The hot air outlet is installed at one end of the hot air outlet pipe. The other end of the hot air outlet pipe passes through the second through hole in sequence and is connected to the second cavity on the fifth cavity.

[0018] In the above structure: the vertical reactor for green ammonia production proposed in the present application comprises an outer shell, an inner part is installed in the outer shell, an annular gap is arranged on the outer wall of the inner part and the inner wall of the outer shell, annular gap gas is introduced into the first cavity, and the annular gap gas in the first cavity enters the second cavity through the annular gap to realize circulation, and the annular gap gas can cool the outer shell when passing through the annular gap to prevent its temperature from fluctuating greatly and avoid operation under fatigue working conditions, which leads to a reduction in its service life, the annular gap gas enters the fourth cavity through the annular gap gas inlet on the inner part, and the main intake air is introduced into the second cavity through the main air inlet, the main intake air enters the fourth cavity through the main air inlet and merges with the annular gap gas to form a merged gas, the merged gas in the fourth cavity enters the electric heater for heating, the heated merged gas will enter the third cavity, and cold gas is input through the temperature regulating gas inlet, and the cold gas is connected to the gas in the third cavity through the temperature regulating gas through hole. The temperature-adjusting gas outlet is used to adjust the temperature of the heated converged gas and cool it down. After adjusting to an appropriate temperature, the temperature-adjusting converged gas enters the catalyst reaction chamber to react with the catalyst therein. The converged gas formed after the reaction enters the upper catalyst frame assembly through the bottom of the catalyst reaction chamber, and is discharged into the fifth chamber after heat exchange in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the upper catalyst frame assembly. The fifth chamber is connected to the hot outlet through a hot outlet pipe. The fifth chamber discharges the heat-exchanged gas through the hot outlet pipe and the hot outlet. The temperature of the hot gas discharged from the hot outlet is between 220 and 380 degrees. This is mainly because the cold gas input from the annular gap gas, the main air inlet and the temperature-adjusting air inlet is the same gas, and its pressure and temperature do not change much. In the green ammonia process, the gas flow and composition of the main pipe will change with the change of the system load (the flow at the annular gap air pipe port is basically unchanged), so the temperature of the hot outlet will change.

[0019] The catalyst reaction chamber includes an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate, and is connected to the third cavity through the upper plate, and is connected to the upper catalyst frame assembly through the catalyst placement plate to achieve the entry of the appropriate temperature convergence gas and the discharge of the post-reaction gas. The catalyst placement plate is provided with a card slot and is clamped to the inner wall of the inner part through a rotating card. The card is locked by rotating the rotating card, which makes it convenient to take it out upwards and prevents the catalyst support plate from moving upwards, which is also convenient for removal.

[0020] A dead air insulation chamber is also provided between the catalyst reaction chamber and the electric heater. The dead air insulation chamber is filled with a filler for insulation, which can effectively prevent the electric heater from transferring heat to the catalyst reaction chamber when heating.

[0021] The shell thermocouple port includes a first shell thermocouple port and a second shell thermocouple port, each of which is equipped with a thermocouple for real-time detection of temperature changes in each cavity in the shell. When temperature abnormality occurs, it can be discovered and adjusted in time.

[0022] A first through hole is arranged above the shell, and the first through hole is connected to the electric heater. The electric heater is heated by connecting the electric furnace to the electric furnace interface on the first through hole, thereby heating the combined gas. A second through hole is arranged below, and the second through hole is used to realize the main air inlet input and the hot air outlet to discharge the hot air.

[0023] The hot air outlet is installed at one end of the hot air outlet pipe, and the other end of the hot air outlet pipe passes through the second through hole and is connected to the second cavity to the fifth cavity, so as to facilitate the gas in the fifth cavity to be discharged to the hot air outlet through the hot air outlet pipe.

[0024] As the preferred technical solution of the utility model: the temperature-controlled air inlet includes a zero-meter secondary line air inlet and a cold-shock air inlet, the temperature-controlled air outlet includes a zero-meter secondary line air outlet and a cold-shock air outlet, and the zero-meter secondary line air inlet and the cold-shock air inlet are respectively connected to the zero-meter secondary line air outlet and the cold-shock air outlet.

[0025] In the above structure: the temperature-controlled air inlet includes a zero-meter side line air inlet and a cold shock air inlet, and the matching temperature-controlled air outlet includes a zero-meter side line air outlet and a cold shock air outlet, which are used to output the cold gas input from the zero-meter side line air inlet and the cold shock air inlet to the zero-meter side line air outlet and the cold shock air outlet, thereby regulating the temperature of the combined gas in the third cavity.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of the present utility model: the upper catalyst frame assembly includes a first component and a second component, the first component is installed between the second component and the catalyst reaction chamber, a flow channel is arranged between one side wall of the first component and the second component and the inner wall of the inner part, and the side walls of the first component and the second component are respectively provided with through holes connected to the flow channel, and the combined gas after the reaction in the catalyst reaction chamber enters the first component and enters the flow channel through the through hole, and enters the second component through the flow channel.

[0027] In the above structure: the upper catalyst frame assembly includes a first assembly and a second assembly, the first assembly is installed between the second assembly and the catalyst reaction chamber, a flow channel is provided between one side wall of the first assembly and the second assembly and the inner wall of the inner part, the combined gas discharged from the catalyst reaction chamber enters the first assembly, enters the flow channel through the through hole in the side wall of the first assembly, and then enters the second assembly through the flow channel.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model: the second component and the fifth cavity are sealed and connected via a labyrinth seal, and the combined gas entering the second component through the flow channel enters the fifth cavity after heat exchange through the labyrinth seal and the lower heat exchanger.

[0029] In the above structure: the second component and the fifth cavity are sealed and connected by a labyrinth seal, and the breathable effect produced by the labyrinth seal enables the combined gas in the second component to enter the fifth cavity through the lower heat exchanger, and the fifth cavity discharges the combined gas through the hot air outlet.

[0030] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model: the lower heat exchanger is installed between the second component and the fifth cavity.

[0031] In the above structure: the lower heat exchanger is installed between the second component and the fifth cavity, and is used to realize heat exchange of the merged gas. The merged gas after heat exchange enters the fifth cavity and is discharged through the hot gas outlet.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution of the utility model: a zigzag air baffle is arranged in the fourth cavity.

[0033] In the above structure: a zigzag air baffle is provided in the fourth cavity to guide the merged gas into the electric heater for heating.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0035] The utility model realizes the circulation of the annular gap gas in the annular gap by setting the first cavity, the second cavity and the annular gap, which can not only cool the shell to prevent its temperature from fluctuating greatly and avoid operation under fatigue conditions, but also merge with the main intake air of the main intake port to form merged gas, increase the volume of the gas to be heated, and facilitate subsequent production;

[0036] A temperature-adjusting gas inlet is also provided, and cold gas for adjusting the temperature of the combined gas is input through the temperature-adjusting gas inlet to adjust the temperature of the combined gas heated by the heater. After the temperature is adjusted to an appropriate temperature, the combined gas at the appropriate temperature enters the catalyst reaction chamber to react with the catalyst therein, thereby effectively increasing the reaction efficiency of the catalyst.

[0037] A dead air insulation chamber is provided between the electric heater and the reaction chamber, and the dead air insulation chamber is filled with a filler for heat insulation, which can effectively prevent the electric heater from transferring heat to the catalyst reaction chamber when heating, thereby affecting the reaction efficiency of the catalyst reaction chamber;

[0038] A clamping groove is provided on the catalyst placement plate and is clamped on the inner wall of the inner part through a rotating clamping piece, and the clamping piece is rotated to lock the catalyst placement plate, which not only facilitates upward removal, but also prevents the catalyst placement plate from being upward, and is also convenient for removal.

[0039] A thermocouple port is provided in the shell, in which thermocouples are installed respectively, for real-time detection of temperature changes of various cavities in the shell. When temperature abnormality occurs, it can be discovered and adjusted in time.

[0040] The present application also strengthens the anti-fatigue design of the sealing packing at the bottom of the reactor catalyst basket and between the radial layer outlet pipe and the central tube. Multiple reinforcing fixing devices are dispersedly designed at the upper catalyst basket bottom plate and the cylinder support, the device includes an annular groove set on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and multiple reinforcing metal plugs are set on the catalyst basket bottom plate. Each metal plug is inserted into the groove on the inner wall of the cylinder to prevent the central tube from floating up and down due to fatigue conditions, which drives the catalyst basket bottom plate to float up and down together, and prevents the catalyst from leaking.

[0041] In addition, the present application designs the conventional packing sealing structure between the radial layer outlet pipe of the reactor and the central tube into a maze structure to prevent the packing from frequent fatigue conditions, causing the packing to wear after the central tube floats up and down, and to prevent gas leakage and short circuit problems in the reactor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA cross section in;

[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of middle Ⅱ;

[0045] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of middle III;

[0046] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of middle Ⅳ;

[0047] List of reference numerals:

[0048] 1. Shell; 11. First cavity; 12. Second cavity; 13. First through hole; 14. Second through hole; 2. Internals; 21. Annular air inlet; 22. Main air inlet; 23. Temperature regulating air through hole; 3. Lower heat exchanger; 4. Electric heater; 41. Dead air insulation cavity; 5. Upper catalyst frame assembly; 51. First assembly; 52. Second assembly; 53. Labyrinth seal; 54. Circulation channel; 6. Rotating clamp; 7. Catalyst Agent reaction chamber; 8, third cavity; 81, temperature control gas outlet; 811, zero meter auxiliary line outlet; 812, cold shock gas outlet; 9, fourth cavity; 91, zigzag air baffle; 10, fifth cavity; N1, annular gap gas inlet; N2, main air inlet; N3, hot air outlet; E, electric furnace interface; T1, thermocouple port in the first shell; T2, thermocouple port in the second shell; f0, zero meter auxiliary line air inlet; f1, cold shock gas inlet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods:

[0050] like Figure 1-5As shown: The utility model proposes a vertical reactor for green ammonia production, including an outer shell 1, an inner part 2 is installed in the outer shell 1, the inner part 2 is vertically installed in the outer shell 1 and separates a first cavity 11 located above the inner part 2 and a second cavity 12 located below the inner part 2 in the outer shell 1, an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the inner part 2 and the inner wall of the outer shell 1, the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 are connected through the annular gap, a third cavity 8, a fourth cavity 9 and an electric heater 4 are arranged in the inner part 2, the electric heater 4 is installed between the third cavity 8 and the fourth cavity 9 and connects the third cavity 8 and the fourth cavity 9, a temperature-adjusting gas outlet 81 is arranged in the third cavity 8, and also includes a lower heat exchanger 3, an upper catalyst frame assembly 5, a catalyst The catalyst reaction chamber 7 and the fifth chamber 10, the catalyst reaction chamber 7 includes an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate, the upper plate and the catalyst placement plate are respectively provided with connecting holes, the catalyst placement plate is provided with a card slot and is connected by a rotating card 6, the catalyst reaction chamber 7 is connected with the third chamber 8 through the upper plate, and is connected with the upper catalyst frame assembly 5 through the catalyst placement plate, the lower heat exchanger 3 is installed between the upper catalyst frame assembly 5 and the fifth chamber 10, and a dead air insulation chamber 41 is also provided between the catalyst reaction chamber 7 and the electric heater 4, the outer shell 1 is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet includes an annular gap air inlet N1, a main air inlet N2 and a temperature regulating air inlet, the annular gap air inlet N1 is connected with the first chamber 11, the The main air inlet N2 is connected to the second cavity 12, the temperature-adjusting air inlet is connected to the temperature-adjusting air outlet 81 through the temperature-adjusting air through hole 23 provided on the third cavity 8, the inner part 2 is provided with an annular gap air inlet 21, a main air inlet 22 and a hot air outlet N3, the annular gap air inlet 21 is connected to the annular gap air inlet N1, the main air inlet N2 is connected to the fourth cavity 9 through the main air inlet 22, the main air input from the main air inlet N2 and the annular gap air input from the annular gap air inlet N1 enter the fourth cavity 9 and merge to form a merged gas, which enters the electric heater 4 connected to the fourth cavity 9 for heating and is transported to the third cavity 8, the cold gas output from the temperature-adjusting air outlet 81 is temperature-adjusted and then input into the catalyst reaction cavity 7, and the reacted The combined gas enters the upper catalyst frame assembly 5, and is input into the fifth cavity 10 after heat exchange through the lower heat exchanger 3 at the bottom thereof. The hot gas outlet N3 is connected to the fifth cavity 10, and also includes a thermocouple port in the shell, and the thermocouple port in the shell includes a first thermocouple port T1 in the shell and a second thermocouple port T2 in the shell. The first thermocouple port T1 in the shell and the second thermocouple port T2 in the shell respectively pass through the first cavity 11, the third cavity 8 and the catalyst reaction cavity 7 from top to bottom, and extend into the upper catalyst frame assembly 5. The shell 1 is provided with a first through hole 13 on the top and a second through hole 14 on the bottom. The first through hole 13 is connected to the electric heater 4, and the electric furnace interface E is installed on the first through hole 13. The second through hole 14 is connected to the second cavity 12.The main air inlet N2 is installed on the second through hole 14, and also includes a hot air outlet pipe. The hot air outlet N3 is installed at one end of the hot air outlet pipe. The other end of the hot air outlet pipe passes through the second through hole 14 and is connected to the second cavity 12 on the fifth cavity 10.

[0051] The vertical reactor for green ammonia production proposed in the present application comprises an outer shell 1, in which an inner part 2 is installed, and an annular gap is provided between the outer wall of the inner part 2 and the inner wall of the outer shell 1. By introducing annular gap gas into the first cavity 11, the annular gap gas in the first cavity 11 enters the second cavity 12 through the annular gap to realize circulation, and the annular gap gas can cool the outer shell 1 when passing through the annular gap to prevent its temperature from fluctuating greatly and avoid operation under fatigue working conditions, which leads to a reduction in its service life. The annular gap gas enters the fourth cavity 9 through the annular gap gas inlet 21 on the inner part 2, and the main intake air is introduced into the second cavity 12 through the main air inlet N2. The main intake air enters the fourth cavity 9 through the main air inlet 22 and merges with the annular gap gas to form a merged gas. The merged gas in the fourth cavity 9 enters the electric heater 4 for heating, and the heated merged gas enters the third cavity 8, and cold gas is input through the temperature regulating gas inlet. The cold gas is connected to the gas in the third cavity 8 through the temperature regulating gas through hole 23. The temperature-adjusting gas outlet 81 is used to adjust the temperature of the heated converged gas and cool it down. After adjusting to an appropriate temperature, the temperature-adjusting converged gas enters the catalyst reaction chamber 7 to react with the catalyst therein. The converged gas formed after the reaction enters the upper catalyst frame assembly 5 through the bottom of the catalyst reaction chamber 7, and is discharged into the fifth cavity 10 after heat exchange in the heat exchanger at the bottom of the upper catalyst frame assembly 5. The fifth cavity 10 is connected to the hot gas outlet N3 through a hot gas outlet pipe. The fifth cavity 10 discharges the heat-exchanged gas through the hot gas outlet pipe and the hot gas outlet N3. The temperature of the hot gas discharged from the hot gas outlet N3 is between 220 and 380 degrees. This is mainly because the cold gas input from the annular gap gas, the main air inlet and the temperature-adjusting air inlet is the same gas, and its pressure and temperature change little. In the green ammonia process, the gas flow and composition of the main pipe will change with the change of the system load (the flow at the annular gap gas pipe port is basically unchanged), so the temperature of the hot gas outlet N3 will change.

[0052] The catalyst reaction chamber 7 includes an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate, and is connected to the third cavity 8 through the upper plate, and is connected to the upper catalyst frame assembly 5 through the catalyst placement plate to achieve the entry of the appropriate temperature convergence gas and the discharge of the post-reaction gas. A card slot is provided on the catalyst placement plate and is clamped to the inner wall of the inner component 2 through a rotating clamp 6. The rotating clamp 6 is rotated to achieve locking, which makes it convenient to take it out upwards and prevents the catalyst support plate from moving upwards, which is also convenient for removal.

[0053] A dead air insulation chamber 41 is also provided between the catalyst reaction chamber 7 and the electric heater 4 . The dead air insulation chamber 41 is filled with a filler for insulation, which can effectively prevent the electric heater 4 from transferring heat to the catalyst reaction chamber 7 when heating.

[0054] The thermocouple ports in the shell include a first thermocouple port T1 and a second thermocouple port T2, each of which is equipped with a thermocouple for real-time detection of temperature changes in various cavities in the shell. When temperature abnormalities occur, they can be discovered and adjusted in time.

[0055] A first through hole 13 is arranged above the shell 1, and the first through hole 13 is connected to the electric heater 4. The electric heater 4 is heated by connecting the electric furnace to the electric furnace interface E on the first through hole 13, thereby heating the combined gas. A second through hole 14 is arranged below, and the second through hole 14 is used to realize the main air inlet N2 to input the main air and the hot air outlet N3 to discharge the hot air.

[0056] The hot air outlet N3 is installed at one end of the hot air outlet pipe, and the other end of the hot air outlet pipe passes through the second through hole 14 and is connected to the second cavity 12 on the fifth cavity 10 in turn, so as to facilitate the gas in the fifth cavity 10 to be discharged to the hot air outlet N3 through the hot air outlet pipe.

[0057] In this embodiment: the temperature-adjusting air inlet includes the zero-meter auxiliary line air inlet f0 and the cold-shock air inlet f1, the temperature-adjusting air outlet 81 includes the zero-meter auxiliary line air outlet 811 and the cold-shock air outlet 812, and the zero-meter auxiliary line air inlet f0 and the cold-shock air inlet f1 are respectively connected to the zero-meter auxiliary line air outlet 811 and the cold-shock air outlet 812. The temperature-adjusting air inlet includes the zero-meter auxiliary line air inlet f0 and the cold-shock air inlet f1, and the matching temperature-adjusting air outlet 81 includes the zero-meter auxiliary line air outlet 811 and the cold-shock air outlet 812, which are used to realize the output of the cold gas input from the zero-meter auxiliary line air inlet f0 and the cold-shock air inlet f1 to the zero-meter auxiliary line air outlet 811 and the cold-shock air outlet 812, so as to adjust the temperature of the combined gas in the third cavity 8.

[0058] In this embodiment: the upper catalyst frame assembly 5 includes a first assembly 51 and a second assembly 52, the first assembly 51 is installed between the second assembly 52 and the catalyst reaction chamber 7, a circulation channel 54 is provided between a side wall of the first assembly 51 and the second assembly 52 and the inner wall of the inner member 2, and the side walls of the first assembly 51 and the second assembly 52 are respectively provided with through holes connected to the circulation channel 54, and the combined gas after the reaction in the catalyst reaction chamber 7 enters the first assembly 51 and enters the circulation channel 54 through the through holes, and enters the second assembly 52 through the circulation channel 54. The upper catalyst frame assembly 5 includes a first assembly 51 and a second assembly 52, the first assembly 51 is installed between the second assembly 52 and the catalyst reaction chamber 7, a circulation channel 54 is provided between a side wall of the first assembly 51 and the second assembly 52 and the inner wall of the inner member 2, the combined gas discharged from the catalyst reaction chamber 7 enters the first assembly 51, enters the circulation channel 54 through the through holes of the side wall of the first assembly 51, and then enters the second assembly 52 through the circulation channel 54.

[0059] In this embodiment: the second component 52 is sealed and connected with the fifth cavity 10 through the labyrinth seal 53, and the combined gas entering the second component 52 through the circulation channel 54 enters the fifth cavity 10 after heat exchange through the labyrinth seal 53 and the lower heat exchanger 3. The second component 52 is sealed and connected with the fifth cavity 10 through the labyrinth seal 53, and the breathable effect generated by the labyrinth seal 53 enables the combined gas in the second component 52 to enter the fifth cavity 10 after passing through the lower heat exchanger 3, and the fifth cavity 10 discharges the combined gas through the hot gas outlet N3.

[0060] In this embodiment: the lower heat exchanger 3 is installed between the second component 52 and the fifth cavity 10. The lower heat exchanger 3 is installed between the second component 52 and the fifth cavity 10 to realize heat exchange of the combined gas. The combined gas after heat exchange enters the fifth cavity 10 and is discharged through the hot gas outlet N3.

[0061] In this embodiment: a zigzag air baffle 91 is provided in the fourth cavity 9. A zigzag air baffle 91 is provided in the fourth cavity 9 for guiding the combined gas to enter the electric heater 4 for heating.

[0062] In the present application, the amount of gas at the annular gap gas inlet N1 accounts for a small proportion relative to the total amount of gas entering the synthesis tower, but the flow rate is basically unchanged to ensure the stability of the temperature of the shell 1 of the reactor (not changing with the change of wind and solar load); the amount of gas at the main air inlet N2 port fluctuates (changes with the change of wind and solar load) to ensure that the ammonia synthesis reaction is maintained under the condition of wind and solar load fluctuations, and to avoid large pressure fluctuations in the ammonia synthesis loop. When the device load is low, the total amount of gas at the main air inlet N2 port accounts for a large proportion, and the outlet gas temperature at the hot outlet N3 port is low. The reaction heat is retained in the reactor as much as possible through the lower heat exchanger 3 at the bottom of the tower, and the ammonia synthesis reaction is carried out under extremely low load without turning on the electric heater 4. When the device load is high, the total amount of gas at the main air inlet N2 port accounts for a small proportion, and the outlet gas temperature at the hot outlet N3 port is high. The reaction heat is recovered through the downstream waste heat recovery device, and the ammonia synthesis reaction is maintained under high load; ultimately, the system temperature fluctuation is ≤20°C, and the pressure fluctuation is ≤20% of the design pressure for ≤1000 times, thereby eliminating fatigue design and improving the safety of the device. (Note: The temperature of the reactor internal parts changes with the fluctuation of wind and solar loads, but they are not pressure vessels or pressure pipes and are arranged in the shell 1 of the reactor. There is no safety risk. The shell 1 of the reactor is replaced several times within one use cycle to ensure that the ammonia synthesis reaction is in a good reaction state.)

[0063] The labyrinth seal 53 is also provided to further enhance the ability of the reactor internal parts to resist wind and solar fluctuations, and ensure the free expansion of two adjacent parts (under wind and solar fluctuations, the reaction temperature of the internal parts is also in a fluctuating state).

[0064] The catalyst placement plate is provided with a card slot and is connected to the inner wall of the inner part by a rotating card 6. The card is locked by rotating the rotating card 6, which is convenient for upward removal, preventing the catalyst placement plate from being upward, and also convenient for removal. "Explanation: Due to the fluctuation of wind and solar load, compared with the traditional ammonia synthesis device, the temperature of the reactor internal parts fluctuates with the fluctuation of wind and solar load, so the service life of the catalyst is short; this structure is set to improve the efficiency of loading and unloading the catalyst.

[0065] The utility model realizes the circulation of the annular gap gas in the annular gap by setting the first cavity 11, the second cavity 12 and the annular gap, which can not only cool the shell 1 to prevent its temperature from fluctuating greatly and avoid operation under fatigue conditions, but also merge with the main intake gas of the main intake port N2 to form a merged gas, increase the volume of the gas to be heated, and facilitate subsequent production;

[0066] A temperature-adjusting gas inlet is also provided, and cold gas for adjusting the temperature of the combined gas is input through the temperature-adjusting gas inlet to adjust the temperature of the combined gas heated by the heater. After the temperature is adjusted to an appropriate temperature, the combined gas at the appropriate temperature enters the catalyst reaction chamber 7 to react with the catalyst therein, thereby effectively increasing the reaction efficiency of the catalyst.

[0067] A dead air insulation chamber 41 is provided between the electric heater 4 and the reaction chamber, and the dead air insulation chamber 41 is filled with a filler for heat insulation, which can effectively prevent the electric heater 4 from transferring heat to the catalyst reaction chamber 7 when heating, thereby affecting the reaction efficiency of the catalyst reaction chamber 7;

[0068] A slot is provided on the catalyst placement plate and a rotating clamp 6 is used to clamp the catalyst placement plate on the inner wall of the inner member 2. The rotating clamp 6 is rotated to lock the catalyst placement plate, which not only facilitates upward removal, but also prevents the catalyst placement plate from being moved upward, making it easier to remove the catalyst.

[0069] A thermocouple port is provided in the shell, in which thermocouples are installed respectively, for real-time detection of temperature changes of various cavities in the shell. When temperature abnormality occurs, it can be discovered and adjusted in time.

[0070] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any other limitation on the present invention. Any modification or equivalent change made based on the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical reactor for green ammonia production, comprising an outer shell (1), wherein an inner part (2) is installed in the outer shell (1), characterized in that: The inner part (2) is vertically mounted in the outer shell (1) and is divided into a first cavity (11) located above the inner part (2) and a second cavity (12) located below the inner part (2) in the outer shell (1); an annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the inner part (2) and the inner wall of the outer shell (1); the first cavity (11) and the second cavity (12) are connected via the annular gap; a third cavity (8), a fourth cavity (9) and an electric heater (4) are provided in the inner part (2); the electric heater (4) is installed between the third cavity (8) and the fourth cavity (9) and connects the third cavity (8) and the fourth cavity (9); a temperature-adjusting air outlet (81) is provided in the third cavity (8); and the lower part (2) further comprises a heat exchanger. The catalyst reaction chamber (7) comprises an upper plate and a catalyst placement plate, wherein the upper plate and the catalyst placement plate are respectively provided with communication holes, the catalyst placement plate is provided with a card slot and is connected by a rotating card (6), the catalyst reaction chamber (7) is connected with the third cavity (8) through the upper plate, and is connected with the upper catalyst frame assembly (5) through the catalyst placement plate, the lower heat exchanger (3) is installed between the upper catalyst frame assembly (5) and the fifth cavity (10), a dead air insulation cavity (41) is also provided between the catalyst reaction chamber (7) and the electric heater (4), and the outer shell (1) is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet comprising an annular gap air inlet (N1), a main air inlet (N2) and a temperature-adjusting air inlet, the annular gap air inlet (N1) is connected to the first cavity (11), the main air inlet (N2) is connected to the second cavity (12), the temperature-adjusting air inlet passes through the temperature-adjusting air through hole (23) provided on the third cavity (8) and is connected to the temperature-adjusting air outlet (81), the inner part (2) is provided with an annular gap air inlet (21), a main air inlet (22) and a hot air outlet (N3), the annular gap air inlet (21) is connected to the annular gap air inlet (N1), the main air inlet (N2) is connected to the fourth cavity (9) through the main air inlet (22), the main air inlet (N2) The input main intake air and the annular gap air input from the annular gap air inlet (N1) enter the fourth cavity (9) and merge to form a merged gas, which enters the electric heater (4) connected to the fourth cavity (9) for heating and is transported to the third cavity (8). The cold gas output through the temperature-adjusting gas outlet (81) is temperature-adjusted and then input into the catalyst reaction cavity (7). The reacted merged gas enters the upper catalyst frame assembly (5) and is heat-exchanged through the lower heat exchanger (3) at the bottom thereof and then input into the fifth cavity (10). The hot gas outlet (N3) is connected to the fifth cavity (10) and also includes a shell thermocouple port, which includes a first shell thermocouple port (T1) and a second shell thermocouple port (T2).The first shell thermocouple port (T1) and the second shell thermocouple port (T2) respectively pass through the first cavity (11), the third cavity (8) and the catalyst reaction cavity (7) from top to bottom, and extend into the upper catalyst frame assembly (5). The shell (1) is provided with a first through hole (13) at the top and a second through hole (14) at the bottom. The first through hole is connected to the electric heater (4). The first through hole (13) is provided with an electric furnace interface (E). The second through hole (14) is connected to the second cavity (12). The main air inlet (N2) is installed on the second through hole (14). A hot air outlet pipe is also included. The hot air outlet (N3) is installed at one end of the hot air outlet pipe. The other end of the hot air outlet pipe passes through the second through hole (14) in sequence and is connected to the second cavity (12) and the fifth cavity (10).

2. The vertical reactor for green ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-controlled air inlet includes a zero-meter auxiliary line air inlet (f0) and a cold-shock air inlet (f1); the temperature-controlled air outlet (81) includes a zero-meter auxiliary line air outlet (811) and a cold-shock air outlet (812); the zero-meter auxiliary line air inlet (f0) and the cold-shock air inlet (f1) are respectively connected to the zero-meter auxiliary line air outlet (811) and the cold-shock air outlet (812).

3. The vertical reactor for green ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper catalyst frame assembly (5) comprises a first assembly (51) and a second assembly (52); the first assembly (51) is installed between the second assembly (52) and the catalyst reaction chamber (7); a circulation channel (54) is provided between a side wall of the first assembly (51) and the second assembly (52) and an inner wall of the inner component (2); the side walls of the first assembly (51) and the second assembly (52) are respectively provided with through holes connected to the circulation channel (54); the combined gas after the reaction in the catalyst reaction chamber (7) enters the first assembly (51) and enters the circulation channel (54) through the through holes, and enters the second assembly (52) through the circulation channel (54).

4. The vertical reactor for green ammonia production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second component (52) and the fifth cavity (10) are sealed and connected via a labyrinth seal (53); the combined gas entering the second component (52) via the flow channel (54) enters the fifth cavity (10) after heat exchange via the labyrinth seal (53) and the lower heat exchanger (3).

5. The vertical reactor for green ammonia production according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The lower heat exchanger (3) is installed between the second component (52) and the fifth cavity (10).

6. The vertical reactor for green ammonia production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A zigzag air baffle (91) is arranged in the fourth cavity (9).

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