Efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system
By introducing secondary reactors and bed fillers into the biomass gasification treatment process system, the tar and unconverted organic matter are solved, and the energy utilization efficiency of the gasification device is improved and operational security.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421165749.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-27
AI Technical Summary
The by-product tar during biomass gasification utilization makes it difficult to operate subsequent process equipment, and the low gasification pressure affects the efficiency of the device scale, and the energy utilization efficiency is low, and the safety and reliability are not high.
Adopt efficient and clean biomass gasification process system, including gasification process device, balance chamber, gasification furnace, upper slag bucket, lower slag bucket, high-temperature cyclone separator, secondary reactor, waste heat boiler, steam cooling tank , high-efficiency dust collector and water washing tower convert tar and unconverted organic matter through the secondary reactor, improve the carbon conversion rate, and evenly provide circulation power through the bed filler and carbon oxide gasifier to reduce the tar content.
It improves the energy utilization efficiency of the gasification device, reduces the tar content, enhances the safety and reliability of operation, simplifies subsequent wastewater treatment, and improves carbon conversion and product cleanliness.
Smart Images
Figure CN222331855U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the field of biomass gasification, in particular to an efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system. Background Art
[0002] Biomass energy is a very important green renewable energy. The rational use of biomass energy can effectively alleviate the non-renewable energy crisis and environmental pollution.
[0003] Currently, the industrial technology of using biomass renewable resources to replace traditional energy (coal, oil, natural gas) is developing rapidly. However, due to the unique properties of biomass, tar is produced as a by-product during the gasification of biomass, which makes it difficult for subsequent process equipment to operate continuously and cleanly.
[0004] Based on the above problems, a new biomass gasification technology needs to be provided, which can not only overcome the problem of low atmospheric pressure gasification pressure of biomass affecting the scale benefit of the device, but also effectively improve the energy utilization efficiency of the gasification device, and improve the safety, reliability and economy of the operation of the gasification device. Utility Model Content
[0005] The present application provides an efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system, which adopts the following technical solutions:
[0006] An efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system comprises a gasification treatment process device, wherein a balance bin, a feed bin and a gasifier are arranged on the gasification treatment process device, an upper slag hopper and a lower slag hopper are arranged at the bottom of the gasifier, a high-temperature cyclone separator is arranged on the right side of the gasifier, a secondary reactor is arranged on one side of the high-temperature cyclone separator, a waste heat boiler is arranged and connected to the secondary reactor, a steam cooling tank is arranged on the waste heat boiler, a high-efficiency dust collector is arranged and connected to the right side of the waste heat boiler, a water washing tower is arranged in the high-efficiency dust collector, and the crude synthesis gas produced by the reaction is discharged from the top of the water washing tower.
[0007] Optionally, the gasification process device is also provided with a steam gas distribution pipe tank and an oxygen tank, and the steam gas distribution pipe tank and the oxygen tank are connected to the gasifier and the secondary reactor through pipelines to provide steam and oxygen.
[0008] Optionally, the fluidization reaction temperature of the solid particles inside the gasifier is 850-950°C.
[0009] Optionally, the reaction temperature inside the secondary reactor is 1100-1250°C.
[0010] Optionally, the steam cooling tank can cool the high-temperature raw synthesis gas of 1100-1250°C to a low-temperature synthesis gas of 300°C.
[0011] Optionally, a gasifier bed layer is provided on the gasifier, and a bed filler and a high-temperature bed layer are provided at the bottom of the gasifier bed layer.
[0012] Optionally, washing cooling water is sprayed down from a water washing tower and contacts the crude synthesis gas after dust removal during the ascending process. The washing cooling water takes away the dust and some acidic and harmful gases in the crude synthesis gas after dust removal, and at the same time, the washing cooling water cools the crude synthesis gas.
[0013] Optionally, an external air inlet pipe is provided at the feed bin, and the feed conveying gas input through the air inlet pipe enters the gasifier together with the raw materials.
[0014] The optional, high-efficiency dust collector can handle low-temperature coarse synthetic dust with a content as low as less than 10 mg / Nm³.
[0015] Optionally, the feed conveying gas is carbon dioxide, and the volume ratio of carbon dioxide to raw material is 5-10:1.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is that the system converts the tar and unconverted organic matter in the crude synthesis gas into effective synthesis gas by adding a secondary high-temperature reactor, thereby increasing the carbon conversion rate, removing the tar at the same time, and facilitating the recycling of high-temperature waste heat, which is convenient for the subsequent wastewater treatment of the high COD of tar and organic matter.
[0017] The gasifier bed is set on the gasifier. By adding bed fillers, the gasifier (oxygen and steam) at the bottom of the gasifier can evenly provide circulation power. At the same time, the high-temperature bed at the bottom also reduces the tar content as much as possible, which is convenient for subsequent processing.
[0018] In the feeding process, carbon dioxide is used as the gasification conveying gas to ensure that the impurity components in the synthesis gas in the product are reduced, while also improving the carbon conversion rate of the raw biomass. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be discussed below. Obviously, the technical solutions described in conjunction with the drawings are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments and their drawings can be obtained based on the embodiments shown in these drawings without paying creative work.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of the utility model system.
[0021] In the figure: 100-balance bin, 101-feed bin, 102-gasifier, 103-upper slag hopper, 104-lower slag hopper, 105-high temperature cyclone separator, 106-secondary reactor, 107-steam gas distribution pipe tank, 108-oxygen tank, 109-steam cooling tank, 110-waste heat boiler, 111-high efficiency dust collector, 112-water washing tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0023] The embodiment of the utility model provides a highly efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system.
[0024] Example 1: Figure 1 As shown, an efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system includes a balance bin 100, a feed bin 101, a gasifier 102, an upper slag hopper 103, a lower slag hopper 104, a high-temperature cyclone separator 105, a steam gas distribution pipe tank 107, and an oxygen tank 108. The system is also provided with a secondary reactor 106, a steam cooling tank 109, a waste heat boiler 110, a high-efficiency dust collector 111, and a water washing tower 112.
[0025] A buffer hopper is arranged on the top of the balancing bin 100, and the outlet of the balancing bin 100 is connected to the feed bin 101, and the outlet of the feed bin 101 is connected to the gasifier 102. An upper slag hopper 103 and a lower slag hopper 104 are arranged below the gasifier 102. The gasifier 102 is also connected to a steam gas distribution pipe tank 107 and an oxygen tank 108, which provide steam and oxygen to enter the gasifier 102 for reaction. A pipeline is provided at the bottom of the gasifier 102 to connect to the high-temperature cyclone separator 105, and the high-temperature cyclone separator 105 is connected to the secondary reactor 106 through the pipeline. The steam distribution pipe tank 107 and the oxygen tank 108 provide steam and oxygen to the secondary reactor 106 for secondary reaction. The secondary reactor 106 is connected to the waste heat boiler 110 through the pipeline. The waste heat boiler 110 is connected to the steam cooling tank 109 and the high-efficiency dust collector 111, and the high-efficiency dust collector 111 is connected to the water washing tower 112.
[0026] The method of using this system is as follows:
[0027] S1: The qualified biomass raw materials are sent to the buffer hopper and balance bin 100 on the upper part of the gasification device frame. The qualified biomass raw materials are pressurized in the feeding bin 101 and sent to the gasifier 102 together with the feed conveying gas for reaction.
[0028] Preferably, the feed conveying gas is carbon dioxide, and the volume ratio of carbon dioxide to raw material is 5-10:1.
[0029] S2: The gasifying agent oxygen in the oxygen tank 108 and the steam in the steam distribution pipe tank 107 enter the gasifier 102 at a ratio of about 250-280Nm³ of oxygen per ton of biomass and about 0.4 of steam.
[0030] The temperature of the gasifier 102 is set at 850-950°C. The solid particles in the gasifier 102 are fluidized and reacted at 850-950°C to generate a crude synthesis gas with CO, H2, CO2, and CH4 as main components, which is sent from the top of the gasifier 102 into the high-temperature cyclone separator 105. The ash after the reaction is depressurized by the upper slag hopper 103 system and sent to the lower slag hopper 104 after cooling.
[0031] S3: The crude synthesis gas at the bottom of the gasifier 102 carries dust and tar into the high-temperature cyclone separator 105. The high-temperature cyclone separator 105 captures and collects larger particles in the crude synthesis gas and returns them through the feed leg to the gasifier 102 for further reaction.
[0032] S4: The raw coal gas with a temperature of about 850-950°C from the high-temperature cyclone separator 105 enters the secondary reactor 106, and the tar and part of the unconverted dust undergo a secondary conversion reaction under the action of gasifying agent oxygen and steam to generate effective components such as CO, H2, CO2, etc. The high-temperature crystallized raw synthesis gas from the secondary reactor 106 enters the waste heat boiler 110, and the high-temperature raw synthesis gas is fully recovered through the steam cooling tank 109 to produce medium-pressure superheated steam, and the synthesis gas is preliminarily cooled.
[0033] S5: After cooling in the waste heat boiler 110, the low-temperature synthesis gas containing a small amount of dust is sent to the high-efficiency dust collector 111 for treatment. The dust captured by the high-efficiency dust collector 111 is returned to the gasifier 102 for further reaction using a proprietary fine powder recycling technology, and the carbon in the dust is fully utilized. The ash after the reaction is discharged out of the furnace along with the bottom ash.
[0034] S6: The raw synthesis gas after dust removal enters from the bottom of the water washing tower 112, and exchanges heat with the washing cooling water sprayed from the upper part in countercurrent, so as to further remove the dust and some acidic and harmful gases carried by the coal gas. The temperature of the raw synthesis gas drops to about 40°C and is sent from the top of the tower to the subsequent system.
[0035] Embodiment 2: A gasifier bed layer is provided on the gasifier 102, and a bed filler and a high-temperature bed layer are provided at the bottom of the gasifier bed layer, which ensures that the gasifying agent (oxygen and steam) at the bottom of the gasifier 102 can evenly provide circulating power. At the same time, the high-temperature bed layer at the bottom also reduces the tar content as much as possible, which is convenient for subsequent process processing.
[0036] An external air inlet pipe is provided at the feed bin 101, and carbon dioxide is input through the air inlet pipe and enters the gasifier 102 along with the material. The use of carbon dioxide ensures that the impurity components in the synthesis gas in the product are reduced, and also improves the conversion rate of the raw biomass.
[0037] Control valves are provided on the pipelines of the steam distribution pipe tank 107 and the oxygen tank 108 to adjust the gasifying agent (oxygen and steam) according to the conditions inside the gasifier so that the reaction inside the gasifier 102 is in the most efficient state.
[0038] Under the action of gasifying agents oxygen and steam, the reaction temperature inside the secondary reactor 106 is 1100-1250° C., generating a high-temperature raw synthesis gas of 1100-1250° C.
[0039] The steam cooling tank 109 can cool the high-temperature crude synthesis gas of 1100-1250°C to a low-temperature synthesis gas of about 300°C and enter the high-efficiency dust collector 111. The dust content of the low-temperature crude synthesis gas treated by the medium- and high-efficiency dust collector 111 will be less than 10mg / Nm³.
[0040] A spraying washing cooling water is arranged on the upper part of the water washing tower 112. The washing cooling water sprays down from the water washing tower 112 and contacts with the crude synthesis gas after dust removal during the rising process. The washing cooling water takes away the dust and part of the acidic and harmful gases in the crude synthesis gas after dust removal. At the same time, the washing cooling water cools the crude synthesis gas. The crude synthesis gas is cooled to about 40°C and sent out from the top of the water washing tower 112.
[0041] This system converts tar and unconverted organic matter in the raw synthesis gas into effective synthesis gas by adding a secondary reactor 106, thereby increasing the carbon conversion rate and removing tar, thereby facilitating the recycling of high-temperature waste heat, and facilitating the problem of high COD of tar and organic matter in subsequent wastewater treatment.
[0042] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive from any point of view. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims, rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.
[0043] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. An efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system, including a gasification treatment process device, characterized in that: The gasification process device is provided with a balance bin (100), a feed bin (101) and a gasifier (102); an upper slag hopper (103) and a lower slag hopper (104) are provided at the bottom of the gasifier (102); a high-temperature cyclone separator (105) is provided on the right side of the gasifier (102); a secondary reactor (106) is provided on one side of the high-temperature cyclone separator (105); the secondary reactor (106) is provided and connected to a waste heat boiler (110); a steam cooling tank (109) is provided on the waste heat boiler (110); a high-efficiency dust collector (111) is provided and connected to the right side of the waste heat boiler (110); the high-efficiency dust collector (111) is provided and connected to a water scrubber (112); and the crude synthesis gas generated by the reaction is discharged from the top of the water scrubber (112).
2. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The gasification process device is also provided with a steam gas distribution pipe tank (107) and an oxygen tank (108). The steam gas distribution pipe tank (107) and the oxygen tank (108) are connected to the gasifier (102) and the secondary reactor (106) through pipelines to provide steam and oxygen.
3. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The solid particle fluidization reaction temperature inside the gasifier (102) is 850-950°C.
4. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The reaction temperature inside the secondary reactor (106) is 1100-1250°C.
5. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The steam cooling tank (109) can cool the high-temperature raw synthesis gas of 1100-1250°C to a low-temperature synthesis gas of 300°C.
6. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: A gasification furnace bed layer is arranged on the gasification furnace (102), and a bed filler and a high-temperature bed layer are arranged at the bottom of the gasification furnace bed layer.
7. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The scrubbing cooling water is sprayed down from the water scrubbing tower (112) and contacts the dedusted crude synthesis gas during the ascending process. The scrubbing cooling water removes the dust and part of the acidic and harmful gases in the dedusted crude synthesis gas, and at the same time, the scrubbing cooling water cools the crude synthesis gas.
8. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 1 is characterized by: An external air inlet pipe is provided at the feed bin (101), and the feed conveying gas input into the air inlet pipe enters the gasifier (102) along with the raw materials.
9. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The content of low-temperature coarse synthetic dust treated by the high-efficiency dust collector (111) is as low as below 10 mg / Nm³.
10. The efficient and clean biomass gasification treatment process system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed conveying gas is carbon dioxide, and the volume ratio of carbon dioxide to raw material is 5-10:1.