A floating sensing grinding head device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a floating sensing grinding head device, comprising a main body, an electric spindle mechanism, and a floating control mechanism, wherein the floating control mechanism comprises a first joint bearing, a plurality of cylinders, and a plurality of detectors, wherein the electric spindle mechanism is mounted on the main body through the first joint bearing; the plurality of cylinders are mounted on the main body and distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism to perform floating control on the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism; the plurality of detectors are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism, and detect the floating angle or floating displacement of the electric spindle mechanism, or detect the spacing between a designated component on the electric spindle mechanism and a designated component on the main body; each detector is respectively connected to the controller of the electric spindle mechanism. The present invention can accurately control the floating angle of the grinding head, and avoid the impact and collision of hard grinding on the electric spindle to the greatest extent, and effectively avoid the electric spindle from burning out due to excessive load current.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a grinding head, in particular to a floating sensing grinding head device. Background Art

[0002] At present, the front grinding process of castings mainly relies on manual grinding, and some factories have introduced a small number of grinding equipment. However, most of the existing grinding equipment on the market is equipped with non-floating grinding heads. If the riser and flash of the casting are large, this hard grinding is easy to cause over-grinding and under-grinding. When over-grinding, the cutting force of the grinding wheel head will increase instantly, causing the current overload of the electric spindle and burning the electric spindle; when under-grinding, the consistency of the size of the casting after grinding cannot be guaranteed, and secondary rework is required, which makes it difficult to achieve large-scale automated finishing.

[0003] A small number of grinding equipment are equipped with grinding heads with floating function, but the floating device adopts a radially installed spring solution. The floating angle cannot be accurately controlled, and the floating amount depends on the designer's experience and on-site debugging. The debugging is highly random and the cycle time is long, which still cannot meet the stringent requirements of large-scale automated finishing for the consistency of casting dimensions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a floating sensing grinding head device, which overcomes the shortcomings of the grinding heads in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: a floating sensing grinding head device, including a main body, an electric spindle mechanism, and a floating control mechanism, the floating control mechanism including a first joint bearing, a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of detectors, the electric spindle mechanism is installed on the main body through the first joint bearing; the plurality of cylinders are installed on the main body and distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism to perform floating control on the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism; the plurality of detectors are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism, and detect the floating angle or floating displacement of the electric spindle mechanism, or detect the distance between a specified component on the electric spindle mechanism and a specified component on the main body; each detector is respectively connected to the controller of the electric spindle mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the electric spindle mechanism includes an electric spindle and an adapter sleeve, the adapter sleeve is sleeved on the outside of the electric spindle, and a flange is provided on the adapter sleeve; the main body includes a shell and an upper end cover and a lower end cover provided on the shell, the inner ring of the first joint bearing is sleeved on the outside of the adapter sleeve, the outer ring is fixed in the shell, the flange is located in the shell, and the output shaft of the electric spindle passes through the lower end cover; the cylinder is installed on the upper end cover, and its output thrust acts on the flange.

[0007] Furthermore, the detector is a displacement sensor or a photoelectric sensor, which is used to measure the distance between the upper end cover and the flange and is connected to the controller of the electric spindle.

[0008] Furthermore, the detector is installed on the upper end cover.

[0009] Furthermore, the upper end cover is also equipped with a plurality of buffers, which are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism and are respectively close to the flanges.

[0010] Furthermore, the buffer is installed on the upper end cover through a buffer flange, an adjusting nut, a limiting nut and a screw, and when the floating angle of the electric spindle exceeds a preset value, mechanical limiting is achieved through the limiting nut.

[0011] Furthermore, a buffer sleeve is installed at the end of the piston rod of each cylinder, and the buffer sleeve abuts against the flange.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes one or more limiting mechanisms for limiting the rotation of the electric spindle mechanism around its axis, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting pin installed on the upper end cover, a second joint bearing, and a lubricating sleeve, the inner ring of the second joint bearing is sleeved on the lower end of the limiting pin, and the outer ring can be slidably mounted up and down in the lubricating sleeve, and the lubricating sleeve is fixed on the flange.

[0013] Furthermore, the output shaft of the electric spindle is equipped with a connector, an elastic chuck is installed in the inner hole of the connector, the upper end of the machining tool is inserted into the elastic chuck, and the elastic chuck is tightened with a nut.

[0014] Furthermore, the shell is connected to the manipulator flange through a fixing frame and screws; a sealing ring is provided between the adapter sleeve and the lower end cover.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention realizes floating grinding through the first joint bearing and multiple cylinders, thereby avoiding the impact and collision of hard grinding on the electric spindle to the greatest extent, and effectively preventing the electric spindle from burning out due to excessive load current.

[0017] 2. The detector is set to accurately control the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism. When the floating angle exceeds the preset value, it will be forced to stop, and has an electrical protection function. The detector preferably uses a precise displacement sensor, which is cost-effective and practical. The change in the floating angle is indirectly calculated through the change in displacement, thereby achieving accurate control of the floating angle.

[0018] 3. The buffer can absorb the impact and collision during floating grinding, and when the floating angle exceeds the preset value, mechanical limiting can be achieved through the limit nut, which has a mechanical protection function.

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments; however, the floating sensing grinding head device of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (including the polishing workpiece);

[0021] Figure 2 is a side view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is an AA cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure behind the hidden shell of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a top view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a floating principle diagram of the present invention (CC section view). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] For examples, see Figure 1-Figure 6 As shown, a floating sensing grinding head device of the present invention includes a main body, an electric spindle mechanism, and a floating control mechanism, wherein the floating control mechanism includes a first joint bearing 23, a plurality of cylinders 21, and a plurality of detectors. The electric spindle mechanism is mounted on the main body through the first joint bearing 23, and the plurality of cylinders 21 are mounted on the main body and evenly distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism to perform floating control on the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism. The plurality of detectors are arranged on the main body and distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism to detect the spacing between a specified component on the electric spindle mechanism (i.e., the flange 6 described below, but not limited thereto) and a specified component on the main body (i.e., the upper end cover 5 described below, but not limited thereto). Each detector is respectively connected to a controller of the electric spindle mechanism (not shown in the figure) to control the electric spindle mechanism to be forced to stop when the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism exceeds a preset value.

[0027] In this embodiment, the electric spindle mechanism includes an electric spindle 3 and an adapter sleeve 2. The output shaft of the electric spindle 3 is installed with a processing tool 19. The adapter sleeve 2 is sleeved outside the electric spindle 3, and a flange 6 is provided on the adapter sleeve 2. Specifically, the flange 6 is threadedly connected to the adapter sleeve 2, and a round nut 25 is installed on the adapter sleeve 2 to tighten the flange 6. The main body includes a shell 1 and an upper end cover 5 and a lower end cover 4 provided at opposite ends of the shell 1. The inner ring of the first joint bearing 23 is sleeved outside the adapter sleeve 2, and the outer ring is limited to the shell 1, and the output shaft of the electric spindle 3 passes through the lower end cover 4. The flange 6 is located in the shell 1, and a cavity for floating deflection of the power supply spindle mechanism is formed between the flange 6 and the upper end cover 5. A protective cover 18 is also installed on the shell 1, and the protective cover 18 covers the upper end cover 5.

[0028] The cylinder 21 is mounted on the upper end cover 5 by screws, and its output thrust acts on the flange 6. Specifically, a buffer sleeve 13 is installed at the piston rod end of each cylinder 21, and the buffer sleeve 13 is against the flange 6. The output thrust of the cylinder 21 acts on the flange 6 through the buffer sleeve 13. The multiple cylinders 21 can absorb the impact and collision during floating grinding to the greatest extent. By adjusting the input air pressure of the cylinder 21, the floating deflection force of the grinding head will also change accordingly.

[0029] In this embodiment, the detector is specifically a displacement sensor 28, which is used to measure the distance between the upper end cover 5 and the flange 6. A plurality of displacement sensors 28 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism and are respectively installed on the upper end cover 5. Specifically, each displacement sensor 28 is installed on the upper end cover 5 by a clamp 12 and a screw. The distance between the flange 6 and the upper end cover 5 accurately measured by the displacement sensor 28 can obtain the floating displacement of the electric spindle mechanism (that is, the displacement change caused when the electric spindle mechanism deflects), so that the precise deflection angle (that is, the floating angle) of the electric spindle 3 can be indirectly calculated. Each displacement sensor 28 transmits the real-time measured data to the controller, which calculates and compares the received data and controls whether the electric spindle is stopped according to the comparison result. When the deflection angle of the electric spindle 3 exceeds the preset value, the controller forcibly controls the electric spindle to stop, so that the present invention has an electrical protection function.

[0030] In this embodiment, the upper end cover 5 is also equipped with a plurality of buffers 20, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism and are respectively close to the flange 6. Specifically, the buffer 20 is installed on the upper end cover 5 through the buffer flange 11, the adjusting nut 16, the limit nut 17 and the screw, and is used to absorb the impact and collision during floating grinding. When the floating angle of the electric spindle 3 exceeds the preset value, the mechanical limit is achieved through the limit nut 17, so that the present invention has a mechanical protection function.

[0031] In this embodiment, a plurality of limiting mechanisms are also included, which are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism and are used to limit the rotation of the electric spindle mechanism around its axis. Each limiting mechanism includes a limiting pin 9, a second joint bearing 22, and a lubricating sleeve 10. The inner ring of the second joint bearing 22 is sleeved on the lower end of the limiting pin 9 and is fastened with a shaft retaining ring 32. The outer ring of the second joint bearing 22 is installed in the inner hole of the lubricating sleeve 10, and the second joint bearing 22 can slide up and down along the lubricating sleeve 10. The lubricating sleeve 10 is fixed on the flange 6. The upper end of the limiting pin 9 is tightened with the upper end cover 5 by a round nut 26. When the flange 6 has an angular deflection, the second joint bearing 22 will slide up and down in the inner hole of the lubricating sleeve 10, and the inner and outer rings of the second joint bearing 22 will deflect at equal angles with the deflection of the flange 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, the output shaft of the electric spindle 3 is installed with an ER connector 31 and fastened with a screw 38. An ER elastic collet 29 is installed in the inner hole of the ER connector 31. The upper end of the machining tool 19 is inserted into the ER elastic collet 29, and the ER elastic collet 29 is tightened with an ER nut 30. The machining tool 19 can be a grinding tool or a cutting tool.

[0033] In this embodiment, the housing 1 is connected to the manipulator flange through a fixing frame 7 with screws, and the present invention is installed on the end flange 8 of the robot. A sealing ring 27 is provided between the adapter sleeve 2 and the lower end cover 4, and the sealing ring 27 is specifically a lip-shaped sealing ring with a sealing and dustproof function.

[0034] The electric spindle mechanism can realize a floating deflection of an angle of α / 2 relative to the body around the center point O of the first spherical bearing 23, such as Figure 6 As shown, the floating angle of the electric spindle 3 is equivalent to the swing angle of the flange 6. The floating angle (α / 2) of the electric spindle 3 depends on the output force of the cylinder 21 and the extrusion force of the special-shaped pouring head or flash on the processing tool 19.

[0035] During operation, the power supply of the electric spindle 3 is started, and the output shaft of the electric spindle 3 rotates to drive the machining tool 19 to rotate; the robot is controlled to slowly approach the position where the workpiece 39 needs to be polished, commonly known as "tool setting"; when the machining tool 19 hits the special-shaped pouring head or flash of the workpiece 39, an extrusion force will be generated on the machining tool 19. When the cutting force of the electric spindle 3 is less than the extrusion force, the electric spindle 3 will achieve floating grinding around the center point O of the first joint bearing 23. After the pouring head or flash of the workpiece 39 is continuously polished by the machining tool 19, the extrusion force it generates will decrease. Since the output force of the cylinder 21 acts on the flange 6 and is transmitted to the electric spindle 3, the electric spindle 3 will also automatically return to the center position (reset process) as the extrusion force decreases, until the extrusion force is zero, and the electric spindle 3 is completely returned to the center position. At this point, a floating yaw grinding process is completed.

[0036] In other embodiments, the displacement sensor is replaced by a photoelectric sensor.

[0037] In other embodiments, a plurality of detectors for detecting the floating angle or floating displacement of the electric spindle mechanism are mounted on the main body, and the plurality of detectors are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism.

[0038] The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate a floating sensing grinding head device of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating sensing grinding head device, comprising a body, an electric spindle mechanism, and a floating control mechanism, characterized in that: The floating control mechanism includes a first joint bearing, a plurality of cylinders and a plurality of detectors. The electric spindle mechanism is mounted on the body through the first joint bearing; the plurality of cylinders are mounted on the body and distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism to perform floating control on the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism; the plurality of detectors are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism and detect the floating angle or floating displacement of the electric spindle mechanism, or detect the distance between a specified component on the electric spindle mechanism and a specified component on the body; each detector is respectively connected to the controller of the electric spindle mechanism; The electric spindle mechanism includes an electric spindle and an adapter sleeve, which is sleeved outside the electric spindle and has a flange. It also includes a plurality of buffers, which are distributed along the circumference of the electric spindle mechanism and are respectively close to the flanges to absorb impact and collision during floating grinding. When the floating angle of the electric spindle mechanism exceeds a preset value, each buffer realizes mechanical limitation of the electric spindle mechanism through a limit nut.

2. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body includes a shell and an upper end cover and a lower end cover arranged on the shell. The inner ring of the first spherical bearing is sleeved outside the adapter sleeve, the outer ring is fixed in the shell, the flange is located in the shell, and the output shaft of the electric spindle passes through the lower end cover; the cylinder is installed on the upper end cover, and its output thrust acts on the flange.

3. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The detector is a displacement sensor or a photoelectric sensor, which is used to measure the distance between the upper end cover and the flange and is connected to the controller of the electric spindle.

4. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detector is mounted on the upper end cover.

5. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The buffer is mounted on the upper end cover through a buffer flange, an adjusting nut, a limiting nut and a screw.

6. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A buffer sleeve is respectively installed at the end of the piston rod of each cylinder, and the buffer sleeve is against the flange.

7. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes one or more limiting mechanisms for limiting the rotation of the electric spindle mechanism around its axis, the limiting mechanism includes a limiting pin installed on the upper end cover, a second joint bearing, and a lubricating sleeve, the inner ring of the second joint bearing is sleeved on the lower end of the limiting pin, and the outer ring can be slidably sleeved up and down in the lubricating sleeve, and the lubricating sleeve is fixed on the flange.

8. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The output shaft of the electric spindle is equipped with a connector, an elastic chuck is installed in the inner hole of the connector, the upper end of the machining tool is inserted into the elastic chuck, and the elastic chuck is tightened with a nut.

9. The floating sensing grinding head device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shell is connected to the manipulator flange through a fixing frame and screws; a sealing ring is provided between the adapter sleeve and the lower end cover.

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