A kind of three-component acetylene hydrochlorination mercury-free catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mercury-free catalyst which can be used for acetylene hydrochlorination and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst comprises carrier activated carbon and an active component, and the active component is a mixture of three components, wherein component A is chloroauric acid , B component is copper chloride, C component is one of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, rubidium chloride, cesium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, cerium chloride, barium chloride, wherein, A The weight percentage of the gold element in the component and the carrier is 0.01% to 0.1%, the weight percentage of the copper chloride in the component B and the carrier is 0.5% to 20%, and the weight percentage of the component C and the carrier is The weight percentage is 1%-30%. The active component is loaded on the carrier by equal volume impregnation, and a new type of mercury-free catalyst is obtained by drying. The catalyst shows high activity, selectivity and good stability in the reaction of acetylene hydrochlorination to prepare vinyl chloride.

Description

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a mercury-free catalyst which can be used for acetylene hydrochlorination and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of catalysts and preparations in chemical production. Background technique

[0002] As one of the five general-purpose plastics, PVC plays an important role in national economic construction and is widely used in various industries such as automobiles, building materials, pipes, wires and cables, toys, and food packaging. Acetylene method (acetylene hydrochlorination method), ethylene method and ethane method are the main methods for industrially synthesizing vinyl chloride monomer. my country's basic national conditions of "more coal, less gas, and less oil" determine that the acetylene method has become the mainstream process for the synthesis of vinyl chloride monomer in my country. At present, the catalyst used in the industrial acetylene process is activated carbon-supported mercuric chlorid...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0023] Weigh 1.05g of chloroauric acid solution in a beaker, add 13.0g of deionized water and stir evenly, then add 10g of coconut shell charcoal into the above solution, stir evenly, dry at room temperature for 12h, and then dry at 300°C for 2h, That is, a mercury-free catalyst is obtained.

[0024] Use this catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, when the acetylene space velocity is 30h -1 , when the reaction temperature is 150°C, the conversion rate of acetylene is 85%, and the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 98%.

Embodiment 2

[0026] Weigh 1.27g of CuCl 2 2H 2 O in a beaker, add 13.0g of deionized water to dissolve and stir; then weigh 1.05g of chloroauric acid solution in the beaker, then mix and stir the above two solutions; finally add 10g of coconut shell charcoal to the above mixture , stirred evenly, dried at room temperature for 12 hours, and then dried at 300°C for 2 hours to obtain a mercury-free catalyst.

[0027] Use this catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, when the acetylene space velocity is 30h -1 , when the reaction temperature is 100°C, the conversion rate of acetylene is 98%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 95%, and the conversion rate of acetylene begins to decrease after 100 hours of reaction.

Embodiment 3

[0029] Weigh 1.27g of CuCl 2 2H 2 O in a beaker, add 6.0g of deionized water to dissolve and stir; then weigh 1.0g of cesium chloride in a beaker, add 7.0g of deionized water to dissolve and stir; then weigh 1.05g of chloroauric acid solution in In a beaker, mix and stir the above three solutions; finally add 10g of coconut shell charcoal to the above mixture, stir evenly, dry at room temperature for 12 hours, and then dry at 300°C for 2 hours to obtain a mercury-free catalyst.

[0030] Use this catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, when the acetylene space velocity is 30h -1 , when the reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, the conversion rate of acetylene is 99%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 98%, and the conversion rate of acetylene and the selectivity of vinyl chloride remain unchanged after 500 hours of reaction.

technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a mercury-free catalyst which can be used for acetylene hydrochlorination and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of catalysts and preparations in chemical production. Background technique

[0002] As one of the five general-purpose plastics, PVC plays an important role in national economic construction and is widely used in various industries such as automobiles, building materials, pipes, wires and cables, toys, and food packaging. Acetylene method (acetylene hydrochlorination method), ethylene method and ethane method are the main methods for industrially synthesizing vinyl chloride monomer. my country's basic national conditions of "more coal, less gas, and less oil" determine that the acetylene method has become the mainstream process for the synthesis of vinyl chloride monomer in my country. At present, the catalyst used in the industrial acetylene process is activated carbon-supported mercuric chlorid...

Examples

Embodiment 1

[0023] Weigh 1.05g of chloroauric acid solution in a beaker, add 13.0g of deionized water and stir evenly, then add 10g of coconut shell charcoal into the above solution, stir evenly, dry at room temperature for 12h, and then dry at 300°C for 2h, That is, a mercury-free catalyst is obtained.

[0024] Use this catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, when the acetylene space velocity is 30h -1 , when the reaction temperature is 150°C, the conversion rate of acetylene is 85%, and the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 98%.

Embodiment 2

[0026] Weigh 1.27g of CuCl 2 2H 2 O in a beaker, add 13.0g of deionized water to dissolve and stir; then weigh 1.05g of chloroauric acid solution in the beaker, then mix and stir the above two solutions; finally add 10g of coconut shell charcoal to the above mixture , stirred evenly, dried at room temperature for 12 hours, and then dried at 300°C for 2 hours to obtain a mercury-free catalyst.

[0027] Use this catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, when the acetylene space velocity is 30h -1 , when the reaction temperature is 100°C, the conversion rate of acetylene is 98%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 95%, and the conversion rate of acetylene begins to decrease after 100 hours of reaction.

Embodiment 3

[0029] Weigh 1.27g of CuCl 2 2H 2 O in a beaker, add 6.0g of deionized water to dissolve and stir; then weigh 1.0g of cesium chloride in a beaker, add 7.0g of deionized water to dissolve and stir; then weigh 1.05g of chloroauric acid solution in In a beaker, mix and stir the above three solutions; finally add 10g of coconut shell charcoal to the above mixture, stir evenly, dry at room temperature for 12 hours, and then dry at 300°C for 2 hours to obtain a mercury-free catalyst.

[0030] Use this catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination reaction, when the acetylene space velocity is 30h -1 , when the reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, the conversion rate of acetylene is 99%, the selectivity of vinyl chloride is 98%, and the conversion rate of acetylene and the selectivity of vinyl chloride remain unchanged after 500 hours of reaction.