Laser welding head with protective gas device

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser welding head with a protective gas device, the protective gas device comprises a fixed base installed at the bottom of the welding head body, a protective gas module composed of left and right parts symmetrically arranged about the axis of the welding head body, and an automatic opening and closing device for driving the left and right parts of the protective gas module to move outward or merge inward respectively, the protective gas module package is mainly composed of an outer ring composed of left and right half rings and an inner ring composed of left and right half rings arranged concentrically with the outer ring, the inner ring is provided with a central hole corresponding to the bottom of the focusing lens, at least one air inlet connected to the protective gas source is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the outer ring, and a vertical annular air outlet channel is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the inner ring and the inner peripheral wall of the outer ring. The invention has a compact structure, convenient adjustment, small required ventilation volume, can fully protect the welded weld in a very welding direction, and has a better welding effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser welding, and in particular to a laser welding head with a protective gas device. Background Art

[0002] Traditional welding equipment generally uses pulsed xenon lamp lasers to output pulsed lasers to weld precision sheet metal cabinets and other precision boxes and related parts. The welding speed is generally slow, the energy consumption is high, and the welding equipment is large, and consumables need to be replaced frequently. With the development of the new energy industry, the use of traditional pulsed xenon lamp lasers for welding can no longer meet production capacity needs. Fiber lasers can continuously and uninterruptedly output lasers for welding, and the welding speed is fast, which can meet production capacity needs. However, in the process of continuous laser welding output by fiber lasers, due to the large welding heat input and excessive welding heat accumulation, weld perforation and high-temperature burning of rubber nails are prone to occur after welding; the gas protection in the weld area is not good, the weld absorbs hydrogen and oxygen, and high-temperature oxidation causes defects such as pores, undercuts and depressions in the weld, and the weld formation and performance are poor, which affects the production efficiency of the enterprise and becomes a problem restricting the application of laser welding. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a laser welding head with a protective gas device, which has convenient integration and matching adjustment of each module, high weld strength, better welding effect, low labor intensity and strong adaptability.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problem is: a laser welding head with a protective gas device, mainly composed of a welding head body composed of an optical fiber joint fixing module, an aperture diaphragm, a sighting lens, an extension module, a beam splitter module, a camera module, and a focusing lens arranged in sequence from top to bottom, characterized in that: it also includes a protective gas device arranged at the lower part of the welding head body, the protective gas device includes a fixed base installed at the bottom of the welding head body, a protective gas module composed of left and right parts symmetrically arranged about the axis of the welding head body, and an automatic opening and closing device for driving the left and right parts of the protective gas module to move outward or merge inward respectively, the protective gas module package is mainly composed of an outer ring composed of left and right half rings and an inner ring composed of left and right half rings arranged concentrically with the outer ring, the inner ring is provided with a central hole corresponding to the bottom of the focusing lens, the outer peripheral wall of the outer ring is provided with at least one air inlet hole connected to a protective gas source, and a vertical annular air outlet channel is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the inner ring and the inner peripheral wall of the outer ring.

[0005] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are that the integration and matching of each module of the precision box laser welding equipment of the present invention are easy to adjust, the weld strength is high, the welding effect is better, the labor intensity is low, and the adaptability is strong. When welding the workpiece, the first controller controls the fiber laser to output a pulsed laser of a preset frequency, and the second controller controls the multi-axis motion platform to drive the movement of the laser welding head; it can effectively control the input of welding heat to avoid the problem of weld perforation after welding, and the multi-axis motion platform can be used to control the movement of the laser welding head well, the welding speed is fast, and the production efficiency is high. By setting a protective gas device, gas protection is performed on the welds that are being laser welded and have just been welded, and the proportion of defects such as pores and welding slag is reduced. The weld is uniform and has high strength; the weld is gradually cooled under the action of the protective gas device, and it is not easy to produce an oxide layer. The weld is beautiful and has good consistency.

[0006] Preferably, the laser welding head is mainly composed of a welding head body which is composed of an optical fiber connector fixing module, an aperture diaphragm, an aiming lens, an extension module, a beam splitter module, a camera module, and a focusing lens which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0007] Preferably, the cross section of the inner seat is T-shaped, a mounting seat is provided at the upper part of the inner seat, and an air-blocking ring is provided at the lower part of the inner seat, a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole for embedding the inner seat are provided at the upper part of the inner cavity of the outer seat, and the mounting seat is fixedly installed in the first mounting hole, and an annular air outlet channel is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the air-blocking ring and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole. In this way, it is more convenient for the protective gas to be collected at the laser welding point, and the weld of the laser welding can play a better protective role to ensure a better welding effect.

[0008] Preferably, a central cavity is provided at the lower part of the inner cavity of the outer seat, and a guide surface for collecting the protective gas to the central cavity is obliquely provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral wall of the gas blocking ring. In this way, it is more convenient for the protective gas to be collected at the laser welding point, and the weld of the laser welding can play a better protective role to ensure a better welding effect.

[0009] Preferably, the left and right inner cavities of the outer seat are provided with a plurality of vertical auxiliary air outlet holes which penetrate the bottom at intervals corresponding to the air inlet holes, so as to better protect the weld seam after welding and ensure a better welding effect.

[0010] Preferably, the automatic opening and closing device comprises two cylinders for driving the left and right parts of the protective gas module, at least one mounting plate fixedly mounted on the fixed base, two upper plates fixedly mounted on both sides of the side plate for mounting the cylinders, and two side plates on which the piston rods of the two cylinders are vertically mounted, and the left and right parts of the protective gas module are respectively mounted on the two side plates. In this way, the automatic opening and closing device has a compact structure, occupies less space, and has better response.

[0011] Preferably, one end of the bottom of the outer seat is provided with an auxiliary guide block along the length direction and arranged perpendicularly to the bottom surface of the outer seat, so that the auxiliary guide block can play a good guiding role when welding two perpendicular intersecting planes.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a transversely arranged air curtain, and the air curtain is fixedly mounted on the fixed base through an L-shaped mounting block, so as to better protect the focusing lens.

[0013] Preferably, the lower part of the inner seat is an inverted cone, and the inner cavity of the outer seat is provided with an inclined surface matching the lower part of the inner seat, and an air gap connected to the air inlet is provided between the inverted cone of the inner seat and the inclined surface, and the protective gas is collected to the lower part of the inner cavity of the outer seat through the air gap, and a central cavity is provided. In this way, the air gap can form an air curtain, which is concentrated and quickly collected at the laser welding point, and the weld of the laser welding can play a better protective role to ensure a better welding effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The figure is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a laser welding head of a precision box laser welding equipment according to the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a laser welding head of a precision box laser welding equipment according to the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 The cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a protective gas module of a laser welding head of a precision box laser welding equipment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 1-3 Middle: 1. welding head body, 2. upper plate, 3. cylinder, 3.1. piston rod, 4. mounting plate, 5. side plate, 6. L-type mounting block, 7. transverse plate, 8. outer seat, 8.1. air inlet hole, 8.2. air outlet channel, 9. fixed base, 10. inner seat, 10.1. mounting seat, 10.2. air retaining ring, 11. auxiliary guide block, 11.1. air groove, 12. air curtain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown,

[0020] A precision box laser welding equipment, comprising:

[0021] frame,

[0022] A fiber laser system, used to provide a fiber laser source;

[0023] A laser welding head, connected to the fiber laser system;

[0024] The gas protection device is installed at the bottom of the laser welding head to provide gas protection for the welds being laser welded and just completed;

[0025] A multi-axis motion platform is arranged on the frame, and the laser welding head is mounted on the multi-axis motion platform;

[0026] A first controller, used to be connected to the fiber laser system, and the first controller can control the fiber laser system to output a pulse laser of a preset frequency;

[0027] A second controller is used to be connected to the multi-axis motion platform, and the second controller can control the multi-axis motion platform to drive the movement of the laser welding head;

[0028] Auxiliary gas system, used to provide auxiliary gas blowing during laser welding;

[0029] High-precision water chiller, used to provide water circulation cooling for fiber laser system.

[0030] Welding equipment tooling, used to fix the precision box to be welded.

[0031] The laser welding head body 1 is mainly composed of a fiber optic connector fixing module, an aperture diaphragm, an aiming lens, an extension module, a beam splitter module, a camera module, and a focusing lens, which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom.

[0032] The shielding gas device comprises a fixed base 9 installed at the bottom of the welding head body 1, a shielding gas module composed of left and right parts symmetrically arranged about the axis of the welding head body 1, and an automatic opening and closing device for driving the left and right parts of the shielding gas module to move outward or merge inward respectively. The shielding gas module package is mainly composed of an outer seat 8 composed of left and right semi-circular parts and an inner seat 10 composed of left and right inner seats embedded in the inner cavity of the outer seat 8, and the outer seat 8 and the inner seat 10 are both coaxially arranged with the welding head body 1, and the inner seat 10 is provided with a central hole that passes through and corresponds to the bottom of the focusing lens. At least one air inlet 8.1 connected to the shielding gas source is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the outer seat 8 in the horizontal direction, and an air outlet channel 8.2 connected to the air inlet 8.1 is provided between the outer wall of the inner seat 10 and the inner wall of the outer seat 8.

[0033] The cross-section of the inner seat 10 is T-shaped, and a mounting seat 10.1 is provided on the upper part of the inner seat 10, and an air-blocking ring 10.2 is provided on the lower part of the inner seat 10. The upper part of the inner cavity of the outer seat 8 is provided with a first mounting hole and a second mounting hole for embedding the inner seat 10, and the mounting seat 10.1 is fixedly installed in the first mounting hole, and an annular air outlet channel 8.2 is formed between the outer peripheral wall of the air-blocking ring 10.2 and the inner peripheral wall of the second mounting hole.

[0034] A central cavity is provided at the lower part of the inner cavity of the outer seat 8, and a guide surface for collecting the protective gas to the central cavity is obliquely provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral wall of the gas blocking ring 10.2.

[0035] The automatic opening and closing device includes two cylinders 3 for driving the left and right parts of the protective gas module respectively, at least one mounting plate 4 fixedly mounted on the fixed base 9, two upper plates 2 fixedly mounted on both sides of the mounting plate for mounting the cylinders, two side plates 5 respectively vertically mounted on the piston rods 3.1 of the two cylinders 3, and two horizontal plates 7 respectively horizontally mounted at the ends of the two side plates 5. The left and right parts of the protective gas module are respectively mounted on the two horizontal plates 7.

[0036] An auxiliary guide block 11 is also provided at one end of the bottom of the outer seat 8 along the length direction and is vertically arranged with respect to the bottom surface of the outer seat 8 .

[0037] It also includes a transversely arranged air curtain 12 , and the air curtain 12 is fixedly mounted on the fixed base 9 through an L-shaped mounting block 6 .

[0038] Another embodiment of the protective gas module, such as Figure 3As shown, an auxiliary guide block 11 in the form of a long strip is provided on the outer side of the left half ring or the right half ring of the outer seat 8, and an air groove 11.1 running through the bottom is provided at the bottom along the length, and a plurality of vertical auxiliary air outlet holes are provided at intervals inside the auxiliary guide block 11, the auxiliary outlet holes are connected with the air groove 11.1, and the auxiliary air outlet holes are connected with the air inlet hole 8.1 through a transversely arranged channel.

[0039] The above description is only for the best embodiment of the present invention, but it should not be understood as limiting the claims. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and its specific structure is allowed to be changed. All changes made within the scope of protection of the independent claims of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser welding head with a protective gas device, comprising a welding head body composed of an optical fiber joint fixing module, an aperture diaphragm, a sighting lens, an extension module, a beam splitter module, a camera module, and a focusing lens arranged in sequence from top to bottom, characterized in that: It also includes a shielding gas device arranged at the lower part of the welding head body, the shielding gas device includes a fixed base installed at the bottom of the welding head body, a shielding gas module composed of left and right parts symmetrically arranged about the axis of the welding head body, and an automatic opening and closing device for driving the left and right parts of the shielding gas module to move outward or merge inward respectively, the shielding gas module includes an outer seat composed of left and right semi-circular parts and an inner seat composed of left and right semi-circular parts concentrically arranged with the outer seat, the inner seat is provided with a central hole that passes through and corresponds to the bottom of the focusing lens, at least one air inlet hole connected to a shielding gas source is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the outer seat, and a vertical annular air outlet channel is provided between the outer peripheral wall of the inner seat and the inner peripheral wall of the outer seat; The height of the inner seat is lower than that of the outer seat, a central cavity is provided at the outer seat corresponding to the lower part of the inner seat, and a guide surface for collecting the protective gas to the central cavity is obliquely provided at the lower end of the outer peripheral wall of the inner seat; An auxiliary guide block in the form of a long strip is provided on the outer side of the left half ring or the right half ring of the outer seat, and an air groove running through the bottom is provided at the bottom along the length direction of the auxiliary guide block, and a plurality of vertical auxiliary air outlet holes running through the bottom are provided at intervals at the inner cavities of the left and right parts of the outer seat corresponding to the air inlet holes, and the auxiliary air outlet holes are connected to the air grooves, and the auxiliary air outlet holes are connected to the air inlet holes through transversely arranged channels.

2. The laser welding head with a protective gas device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The automatic opening and closing device includes two cylinders for driving the left and right parts of the protective gas module respectively, at least one mounting plate fixedly mounted on the fixed base, two upper plates fixedly mounted on both sides of the mounting plate for mounting the cylinders, two side plates vertically mounted on the piston rods of the two cylinders respectively, and two cross plates horizontally mounted on the ends of the two side plates respectively, and the left and right parts of the protective gas module are respectively mounted on the two cross plates.

3. The laser welding head with a protective gas device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a transversely arranged air curtain, and the air curtain is fixedly mounted on the fixed base through an L-shaped mounting block.

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