Arch lining observation device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a top arch lining observation device, comprising an observation tube (2), a camera and a lighting lamp. The top of the observation tube (2) is provided with an observation window (8), the observation window (8) is a ring-shaped transparent structure, and the camera and the lighting lamp are installed on a column (7) in the observation window (8). The camera is used to observe the concrete pouring condition in the template from the top of the observation tube, effectively preventing the generation of voids. Multiple observation tubes can be installed on the template to achieve all-round monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a tunnel lining trolley, in particular to a trolley top arch lining structure. Background Art

[0002] When a lining trolley is used for secondary lining of a tunnel, the presence of voids in the concrete will have a great impact on its strength. Generally, the lining trolley is prone to produce voids in the top arch part, and the voids are not easy to find during the pouring process. The voids are only found when the lining trolley is demolded; even after demolding, the voids are not visible, but there are already voids inside the concrete. The main reasons are: (1) When the lining trolley pours the upper part of the top arch, there is no pouring window, only a pouring port, so the pouring personnel cannot observe the pouring situation of the upper part of the top arch as they can at the pouring window, that is, they cannot clearly observe the pouring situation of the upper part of the top arch. (2) In areas with dense steel bars or reserved holes and embedded parts, the concrete feed is stuck, and the upper layer of concrete is poured without vibration. (3) When pumping concrete, the pumping time is stopped for too long. (4) The concrete has poor fluidity. (5) Concrete segregation, mortar separation, gravel piles, serious slurry leakage, and no vibration, or too much or too thick dry concrete is added to the vertical structure at one time, the material is added too high, and the vibrator cannot vibrate, forming loose holes. (6) Concrete contains water, soil or other debris.

[0003] During the secondary lining of the tunnel, if voids occur, it needs to be removed and re-injected, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive and costly. In order to avoid the above situation, the usual practice is to install a camera at the highest point of the top arch of the plug plate at the last end of the lining trolley for pouring, and use the camera to monitor the pouring of concrete in the top arch template during the secondary lining, or use the naked eye to directly observe it without a camera to prevent the formation of voids. However, due to the long template (more than 10 meters), the highest point of the top arch of the lining trolley is generally evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel. During the pouring process, the concrete at each pouring port of the secondary lining is high, forming a high slope at the pouring port and a low slope around the pouring port. The camera can only observe the pouring situation on the side close to the camera. Due to the high concrete at the pouring port, the camera is blocked from observing the pouring situation behind the pouring port. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is as follows: In view of the problem that the existing observation means cannot observe the pouring situation behind the pouring port of the top arch formwork, a device is provided which can observe the pouring situation of the secondary lining of the top arch in all directions.

[0005] Technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] A top arch lining observation device comprises an observation tube, a camera and a lighting lamp. The top of the observation tube is provided with an observation window, which is a ring-shaped transparent structure. A column and a motor are installed in the observation window, and the camera and the lighting lamp are installed on the column.

[0007] The observation tube is installed on the top arch template of the lining trolley. A hole is opened on the top of the top arch template, and a fixed flange is welded below. The fixed flange is connected to the positioning flange by bolts, and a positioning cylinder is provided in the center of the positioning flange.

[0008] There is a through hole on the side of the positioning tube, and a row of positioning holes is provided on the side wall of the lower section of the observation tube. The latch fixes the observation tube on the positioning tube through the through hole and the positioning holes.

[0009] A sliding groove is provided on the upper end surface of the positioning flange, and a plug plate is arranged between the sliding groove and the fixing flange.

[0010] There are 2-3 sets of cameras and lighting installed on the column.

[0011] The lower end of the column is connected to the motor, and the upper end is installed in the bearing at the top of the observation tube.

[0012] There are 2-4 observation tubes installed on the top arch formwork.

[0013] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] By installing this observation device on the top arch formwork, the camera on the top of the observation tube can be used to observe the concrete pouring in the formwork. The camera can rotate 360 ​​degrees to effectively prevent the generation of voids. Multiple observation devices can be installed on the formwork to achieve all-round monitoring.

[0015] When the tube body of the observation device withdraws from the top arch formwork, a plug plate is used to close the opening on the flange to block the concrete. After the observation tube is removed, the concrete will not leak out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall layout structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Embodiment 1:

[0019] An observation hole is opened on the top arch formwork of the lining trolley, a fixed flange 4 is welded below the observation hole, bolts are welded on the fixed flange 4, and a positioning flange 5 is connected by bolts. A slide groove is opened on the upper end face of the positioning flange 5, and a plug plate 10 is arranged between the slide groove and the fixed flange 4. A positioning cylinder 6 is provided in the center of the positioning flange 5, and a pin hole is opened on the cylinder wall. The observation tube 2 is inserted into the positioning cylinder 6 and extends through the observation hole to a place close to the tunnel waterproofing board.

[0020] There is an observation window 8 at the top of the observation tube 2. The observation window 8 is a ring-shaped transparent structure. A camera and a lighting lamp, a stepper motor and a column 17 are installed in the observation window 18. The camera and the lighting lamp are installed on the horizontal stepper motor shaft, and the stepper motor is installed on another vertical stepper motor shaft to realize 360° horizontal rotation and 15° vertical rotation observation of the camera and the lighting lamp. The vertical stepper motor is connected to the column 17 and fixed to the observation tube 2 at the lower end of the observation tube 2. There is a positioning hole on the side wall of the lower section of the observation tube 2 for positioning the height of the observation tube 2.

[0021] The specific construction methods are as follows:

[0022] (1) Drill holes in the trolley arch template to install the observation tube 2 and the grouting tube 1.

[0023] First, drill holes in the top form of the lining trolley. In addition to the second lining injection hole 3 of the top arch, three top arch injection holes and two observation holes are drilled along the highest point of the top arch template in the longitudinal direction. The three top arch injection holes are grouting holes, middle exhaust holes (spare grouting holes), and end mold exhaust holes. Weld the fixed flange 4 under the five holes, the flange inner diameter, and the outer diameter. After the first trolley modification is completed, it can be reused. The fixed flange 4 is connected to the positioning flange 5 by bolts. One positioning flange 5 is used to install the grouting pipe 1, and the other positioning flange 5 is used to install the observation tube 2. The positioning flange 5 for installing the observation tube 2 has a positioning tube 6 in the center, and the side of the positioning tube 6 has a through hole and a latch 9. A slide groove is opened on the upper end face of the fixed flange 4, and a plug plate is set between the slide groove and the arch top template.

[0024] (2) Put the modified formwork into place according to the geometric requirements of the secondary lining.

[0025] After the trolley and formwork are installed, the prepared RPC grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are "tested" through the modified reserved holes to determine the installation length of the grouting pipe 1 and the observation pipe 2 and to check whether the secondary lining thickness meets the design requirements. The specific standard is based on the length of the grouting pipe 1 against the waterproof board + 2cm.

[0026] (3) Record the buried depth of grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 on the recording board

[0027] According to the operation in (2), after the grouting pipe 1 is against the waterproof board, mark and record the RPC pipe burial depth: the mark should be a line, one is the line with the outer template of the second lining template (used to detect whether the thickness of the second lining meets the requirements); the other is the outer template line of the second lining template + 2cm, that is, the cutting length of the RPC grouting pipe (exhaust pipe). A cross groove is opened on the upper end face of the grouting pipe 1. The grouting pipe 1 and the observation tube 2 are respectively installed in the flange and fixed. The grouting pipe 1 is fixed with a connecting steel pipe. After the observation tube 2 rises and touches the top, a suitable positioning hole is determined. The pin 9 passes through the through hole on the positioning flange 5 and the positioning hole on the observation tube 2 to fix the observation tube 2.

[0028] (4) Pour concrete into the secondary lining pouring hole 3 and observe the pouring situation.

[0029] The secondary lining concrete should be poured symmetrically, the height difference of the concrete surface on the left and right sides shall not exceed 0.5m, and the height difference between the front and back shall not exceed 0.6m. The concrete pouring should be poured from the formwork window layer by layer, from bottom to top, symmetrically layered, and the free height of the fall shall not exceed 2m. When pouring the top arch concrete, use the camera on the top of the observation tube 2 to observe and monitor the pouring of the concrete until the concrete is observed to approach the upper end of the observation tube 2. If there is a possibility of voids, stop pouring and take corresponding measures, remove the observation tube 2, close the plug between the positioning flange 5 and the fixing flange, continue pouring until the grouting pipe 1 oozes grout, and stop pouring.

[0030] (5) Preparation of grouting liquid and grouting with mold.

[0031] In principle, the top arch grouting should be started from the low end to the high end. The grouting should be carried out 2 to 3 hours after the second lining concrete is poured. The grouting material is filling mortar with a water-cement ratio of 0.18. The grouting is carried out using a special grouting and grouting integrated machine. The slurry is required to be mixed continuously, and the amount of materials is strictly monitored during the mixing process to ensure the quality of the slurry. Use the grouting pipe 1 to grout the empty area between the back of the secondary lining and the waterproof board to prevent the top arch of the second lining from falling off and the concrete from being loose.

[0032] (6) Observe the pressure gauge and slurry discharge from the exhaust hole

[0033] Grouting is completed when thick slurry flows out of the vent holes and the end mold. If the slurry pressure at the trolley template reaches 1.0MPa and thick slurry still does not flow out, the vent holes should be replaced for grouting until thick slurry flows out of the middle vent holes and the end mold vent holes.

[0034] (7) After grouting is completed, remove the grouting machine hose and seal the grouting pipe 1 tightly.

[0035] (8) Remove the flange after the slurry has initially set.

[0036] Embodiment 2:

[0037] An observation hole is opened on the top arch template of the lining trolley, and a fixed flange 4 is welded below the observation hole. Bolts are welded on the fixed flange 4, and a positioning flange 5 is connected by bolts. A slide groove is opened on the upper end face of the positioning flange 5, and a plug plate is set between the fixed flange 4 and the arch template. A positioning tube 6 is provided in the center of the positioning flange 5, and a pin hole is opened on the tube wall. The observation tube 2 is inserted into the positioning tube 6 and extends through the observation hole to a place close to the tunnel waterproofing board.

[0038] There is an observation window 8 at the top of the observation tube 2. The observation window 8 is a ring-shaped transparent structure. A column 7 is installed in the observation window 8. Three groups of cameras and lighting are installed on the column 7. The three groups of cameras are spaced 120 degrees apart from each other to achieve 360-degree monitoring. There are positioning holes on the side wall of the lower section of the observation tube 2 for positioning the height of the observation tube 2.

[0039] The specific construction methods are as follows:

[0040] (3) Open a hole on the top plate of the trolley to install the observation tube 2 and the grouting tube 1

[0041] First, drill holes in the top mold of the lining trolley. In addition to the second lining injection hole 3 of the top arch, three top arch injection holes and two observation holes are drilled along the highest point of the top arch template in the longitudinal direction. The three top arch injection holes are grouting holes, middle exhaust holes (spare grouting holes), and end mold exhaust holes. Weld the fixed flange 4 under the five holes, the flange inner diameter, and the outer diameter. After the first trolley modification is completed, it can be reused. The fixed flange 4 is connected to the positioning flange 5 by bolts. One positioning flange 5 is used to install the grouting pipe 1, and the other positioning flange 5 is used to install the observation tube 2. The positioning flange 5 for installing the observation tube 2 has a positioning tube 6 in the center, and the side of the positioning tube 6 has a through hole and a latch 9. A slide groove is opened on the upper end face of the fixed flange 4, and a plug plate is set between the slide groove and the fixed flange 4.

[0042] (4) Put the modified formwork into place according to the geometric requirements of the secondary lining.

[0043] After the trolley and formwork are installed, the prepared RPC grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 are "tested" through the modified reserved holes to determine the installation length of the grouting pipe 1 and the observation pipe 2 and to check whether the secondary lining thickness meets the design requirements. The specific standard is based on the length of the grouting pipe 1 against the waterproof board + 2cm.

[0044] (3) Record the buried depth of grouting pipe 1 and observation pipe 2 on the recording board

[0045] According to the operation in (2), after the grouting pipe 1 is against the waterproof board, mark and record the RPC pipe burial depth: the mark should be a line, one is the line with the outer template of the second lining template (used to detect whether the thickness of the second lining meets the requirements); the other is the outer template line of the second lining template + 2cm, that is, the cutting length of the RPC grouting pipe (exhaust pipe). A cross groove is opened on the upper end face of the grouting pipe 1. The grouting pipe 1 and the observation tube 2 are respectively installed in the flange and fixed. The grouting pipe 1 is fixed with a connecting steel pipe. After the observation tube 2 rises to the top, determine the appropriate positioning hole, and the pin 9 passes through the through hole on the positioning flange 5 and the positioning hole on the observation tube 2 to fix the observation tube 2.

[0046] (4) Pour concrete into the secondary lining pouring hole 3 and observe the pouring situation.

[0047] The secondary lining concrete should be poured symmetrically, the height difference of the concrete surface on the left and right sides shall not exceed 0.5m, and the height difference between the front and back shall not exceed 0.6m. The concrete pouring should be poured from the formwork window layer by layer, from bottom to top, symmetrically layered, and the free height of the fall shall not exceed 2m. When pouring the top arch concrete, use the camera on the top of the observation tube 2 to observe and monitor the pouring of the concrete until the concrete is observed to approach the upper end of the observation tube 2, remove the observation tube 2, close the plug between the positioning flange 5 and the fixing flange, continue to pour until the grouting pipe 1 oozes grout, and stop pouring.

[0048] (5) Preparation of grouting liquid and grouting with mold.

[0049] In principle, the top arch grouting should be started from the low end to the high end. The grouting should be carried out 2 to 3 hours after the second lining concrete is poured. The grouting material is filling mortar with a water-cement ratio of 0.18. The grouting is carried out using a special grouting and grouting integrated machine. The slurry is required to be mixed continuously, and the amount of materials is strictly monitored during the mixing process to ensure the quality of the slurry. Use the grouting pipe 1 to grout the empty area between the back of the secondary lining and the waterproof board to prevent the top arch of the second lining from falling off and the concrete from being loose.

[0050] (6) Observe the pressure gauge and slurry discharge from the exhaust hole

[0051] Grouting is completed when thick slurry flows out of the vent holes and the end mold. If the slurry pressure at the trolley template reaches 1.0MPa and thick slurry still does not flow out, the vent holes should be replaced for grouting until thick slurry flows out of the middle vent holes and the end mold vent holes.

[0052] (7) After grouting is completed, remove the grouting machine hose and seal the grouting pipe 1 tightly.

[0053] (8) Remove the flange after the slurry has initially set.

[0054] Embodiment 3:

[0055] In this embodiment, there is an observation window 8 at the top of the observation tube 2. The observation window 8 is a ring-shaped transparent structure. A column 7 and a stepper motor are installed in the observation window 8. The camera and the lighting lamp are installed on the column 7. The stepper motor drives the rotating mechanism 7 to rotate to achieve 360° monitoring. The column 7 in this embodiment is an upright shaft, the lower end of which is connected to the motor, and the upper end is installed in the bearing at the top of the observation tube 2. The camera and the lighting lamp are installed on the side of the shaft. There is a positioning hole on the side wall of the lower section of the observation tube 2 for positioning the height of the observation tube 2.

Claims

1. A top arch lining observation device, comprising an observation tube (2), a camera and a lighting lamp, characterized in that: The top of the observation tube (2) is provided with an observation window (8), which is a ring-shaped transparent structure. A camera and a lighting lamp are installed on the column (7) in the observation window (8). The observation tube (2) is installed on the top arch template of the lining trolley. A hole is opened at the top of the top arch template, and a fixing flange (4) is welded below. The fixing flange (4) is connected to the positioning flange (5) by bolts. A positioning cylinder (6) is provided in the center of the positioning flange (5). A slide groove is opened on the upper end surface of the positioning flange (5), and a plug plate is arranged between the slide groove and the fixing flange (4). The hole of the trolley arch template is used to install the observation tube (2) and the grouting pipe (1). When pouring the top arch concrete, the camera on the top of the observation tube (2) is used to observe and monitor the pouring of concrete until the concrete is observed to approach the upper end of the observation tube (2), the observation tube (2) is taken out, and the plug plate between the positioning flange (5) and the fixing flange (4) is closed. 2-3 groups of cameras and lighting lamps are installed on the column (7).

2. The top arch lining observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the positioning tube (6) has a through hole, and the side wall of the lower section of the observation tube (2) has a row of positioning holes. The latch (9) fixes the observation tube (2) to the positioning tube (6) through the through hole and the positioning holes.

3. The top arch lining observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the column (7) is connected to the stepper motor, and the upper end is installed in the bearing at the top of the observation tube (2).

4. The top arch lining observation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: 2-4 observation tubes (2) are installed on the top arch formwork.

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