A cooling-heating-electricity combined power generation system and method based on liquid air energy storage

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined cooling, heating and power supply system and method based on liquid air energy storage, the system comprising an air liquefaction cycle, an air power generation cycle, a cold energy supply cycle, a heat energy supply cycle and a domestic hot water supply cycle. In the air liquefaction cycle, off-peak electricity or renewable energy is used to compress air to high pressure, and the compression heat generated in the air compression process is stored; the high-pressure air is cooled and depressurized to obtain liquid air, and the electric energy is mainly stored in the form of liquid air. During the peak period of electricity consumption, the air power generation cycle starts to work: after the low-temperature liquid air is pressurized and the low-temperature cold energy is released in stages, it is partially superheated to high temperature by the compression heat and enters the air turbine unit to expand and generate electricity. When the user needs cooling, high-temperature hot water and domestic hot water, the excess air compression heat drives the cold energy supply cycle, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle to obtain chilled water, high-temperature hot water and domestic hot water respectively. The present invention can achieve the purpose of combined cooling, heating and power supply of liquid air energy storage, improve system efficiency and promote small-scale liquid air energy storage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a novel combined cooling, heating and power system, which is a method for realizing combined cooling, heating and power by cascadingly utilizing excess air compression heat in a liquid air energy storage process, and belongs to the technical field of liquid air energy storage, combined cooling, heating and power generation and cascade utilization of thermal energy. Background Art

[0002] Liquid air energy storage technology is a deep cold energy storage technology that uses liquid air or nitrogen as an energy storage medium. During low electricity consumption periods or when there is excess renewable energy, electricity is used to produce liquid air or nitrogen, and the high-temperature compression heat generated during the compression of the air or nitrogen is stored; during peak electricity consumption periods, the liquid air or nitrogen is pressurized by a booster pump, releasing low-temperature cold energy, and then heated to a high temperature by the stored high-temperature compression heat, and enters the air turbine to expand and generate electricity. Liquid air energy storage has the characteristics of high energy storage density, short response time, and is not restricted by geographical conditions, and has received widespread attention.

[0003] Liquid air energy storage systems have a high cycle power generation efficiency under high-pressure conditions, so the current research and application of liquid air energy storage are mainly focused on large-scale high-pressure conditions. After research, it was found that in liquid air energy storage systems, the high-temperature compression heat generated by the air liquefaction process is often greater than the heat that can be efficiently and economically utilized in the liquid air power generation process. The excess high-temperature compression heat is usually directly discharged into the environment and is not effectively utilized, resulting in energy waste. In addition, the smaller the air liquefaction pressure, the more excess high-temperature compression heat. By rationally utilizing the excess high-temperature compression heat, the liquid air energy storage system can also have a high cycle efficiency under low-pressure conditions.

[0004] Any enterprise or family has diverse energy needs, including electricity, heating, cooling, domestic hot water, etc. These needs were solved separately by various professional enterprises in the traditional industrial society. The biggest problem here is the low efficiency of energy utilization and equipment use, which leads to waste of resources and funds, as well as increased environmental pollution. Cogeneration of cooling, heating and power can not only improve the efficiency of energy utilization, but also reduce the emission of carbonized materials and harmful gases, and has good economic and social benefits.

[0005] Therefore, efficient, reasonable and economical utilization of excess air compression heat in the liquid air energy storage process to achieve cogeneration of heat, cooling and power is of great significance for improving the efficiency of liquid air energy storage systems, promoting small-scale liquid air energy storage systems and increasing social and economic benefits. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a combined cooling, heat and power system and method based on liquid air energy storage. The system uses the excess air compression heat in the liquid air energy storage process in a cascaded manner for cooling, heating and domestic hot water supply, thereby realizing the combined cooling, heat and power supply of the liquid air energy storage system, significantly improving the system efficiency, especially the efficiency of small-scale systems at low pressure operation. In addition, the system can meet the energy needs of users in different seasons and is an efficient and reasonable combined cooling, heat and power method.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a cooling-heating-electricity combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage, the system comprising an air liquefaction circulation loop, an air power generation circulation loop, a cold energy supply circulation loop, a heat energy supply circulation loop and a domestic hot water supply circulation loop; wherein:

[0009] The air liquefaction circulation loop includes: an air compressor unit, the air compressor unit has a right input end, a left output end, a lower input end and a lower output end; a high-grade compressed heat storage tank, the upper input end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank is connected to the lower output end of the air compressor unit; a low-grade compressed heat storage tank, the upper output end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank is connected to the lower input end of the air compressor unit; a first heat exchanger, the right input end of the first heat exchanger is connected to the left output end of the air compressor unit; the upper right output end of the first heat exchanger is connected to the right input end of the air compressor unit; a first circulating pump, the output end of the first circulating pump is connected to the lower left input end of the first heat exchanger; a medium-grade cold energy second storage tank, The output end of the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank is connected to the input end of the first circulation pump; the low-grade cold energy storage tank, the input end of the low-grade cold energy storage tank is connected to the lower right output end of the first heat exchanger; the second heat exchanger, the right input end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the left output end of the first heat exchanger; the upper right output end of the second heat exchanger is connected to the upper left input end of the first heat exchanger; the third circulation pump, the output end of the third circulation pump is connected to the lower left input end of the second heat exchanger; the high-grade cold energy storage tank, the output end of the high-grade cold energy storage tank is connected to the input end of the third circulation pump; the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank, the input end of the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank is connected to the lower right The air power generation cycle loop and the air liquefaction cycle loop share the liquid air storage tank, the high-grade cold energy storage tank, the medium-grade first cold energy storage tank, the medium-grade second cold energy storage tank, the low-grade cold energy storage tank, the high-grade compressed heat storage tank and the low-grade compressed heat storage tank, and also include: a booster pump, the input end of the booster pump is connected to the right output end of the liquid air storage tank; a first evaporator, the lower left input end of the first evaporator connected to the output end of the booster pump; the upper left output end of the first evaporator is connected to the input end of the high-grade cold energy storage tank; a fourth circulating pump, the output end of the fourth circulating pump is connected to the upper right input end of the first evaporator; the input end of the fourth circulating pump is connected to the output end of the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank; a second evaporator, the lower left input end of the second evaporator is connected to the lower right output end of the first evaporator; the upper left output end of the second evaporator is connected to the input end of the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank; a second circulating pump, the output end of the second circulating pump is connected to the upper right input end of the second evaporator; the input end of the second circulating pump is connected to the output end of the low-grade cold energy storage tank;An air turbine unit, wherein the left input end of the air turbine unit is connected to the lower right output end of the second evaporator; the upper input end of the air turbine unit is connected to the lower output end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank; the upper output end of the air turbine unit is connected to the lower input end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank; a user, wherein the power supply input end of the user is connected to the motor output end of the air turbine unit; the cold energy supply circulation loop and the air power generation circulation loop share the high-grade compressed heat storage tank and the user, and also include: a first reversing valve, wherein the upper input end of the first reversing valve is connected to the lower output end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank; a high-pressure generator, wherein the right input end of the high-pressure generator is connected to the left output end of the first reversing valve; a high-temperature heat exchanger, wherein the upper input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the lower output end of the high-pressure generator; the upper output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the lower input end of the high-pressure generator; a second solution throttle valve, The input end of the second solution throttle valve is connected to the lower output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger; the low-temperature heat exchanger, the right input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the output end of the second solution throttle valve; the right output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger is connected to the lower input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger; the first solution throttle valve, the upper input end of the first solution throttle valve is connected to the right output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger; the low-pressure generator, the upper input end of the low-pressure generator is connected to the lower output end of the first solution throttle valve; the upper right input end of the low-pressure generator is connected to the lower right output end of the high-pressure generator; the lower The output end of the third reversing valve is connected to the right input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger; the third reversing valve, the upper input end of the third reversing valve is connected to the lower right output end of the low-pressure generator; the third solution throttle valve, the right input end of the third solution throttle valve is connected to the upper left output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger; the solution pressurizing pump, the output end of the solution pressurizing pump is connected to the lower left input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger; the absorber, the upper input end of the absorber is connected to the output end of the third solution throttle valve; the upper output end of the absorber is connected to the input end of the solution pressurizing pump; the refrigerant evaporator, the right output end of the refrigerant evaporator is connected to the absorber The left input end of the receiver is connected; the left output end of the refrigerant evaporator is connected to the cooling input end of the user; the left input end of the refrigerant evaporator is connected to the cooling output end of the user; a first refrigerant throttle valve, the lower output end of the first refrigerant throttle valve is connected to the upper input end of the refrigerant evaporator; a condenser, the lower output end of the condenser is connected to the upper input end of the first refrigerant throttle valve; a second refrigerant throttle valve, the output end of the second refrigerant throttle valve is connected to the upper input end of the condenser; a third refrigerant throttle valve, the output end of the third refrigerant throttle valve is connected to the upper input end of the condenser;A fourth refrigerant throttle valve, the output end of the fourth refrigerant throttle valve is connected to the upper input end of the condenser; a refrigerant reversing valve, the upper input end of the refrigerant reversing valve is connected to the upper output end of the high-pressure generator; the heat energy supply circulation loop and the cold energy supply circulation loop share the first reversing valve, the third reversing valve, the second refrigerant throttle valve, the refrigerant reversing valve and the user, and also include: a second reversing valve, the upper input end of the second reversing valve is connected to the lower output end of the first reversing valve; the left output end of the second reversing valve is connected to the left output end of the third reversing valve The first water heater has a left input end connected to the right output end of the refrigerant reversing valve; the left output end of the first water heater is connected to the input end of the second refrigerant throttle valve; the right input end of the first water heater is connected to the left output end of the third reversing valve; the upper output end of the first water heater is connected to the heating input end of the user; the lower input end of the first water heater is connected to the heating output end of the user; a fourth reversing valve, the right input end of the fourth reversing valve is connected to the The lower output end is connected; the upper input end of the fourth reversing valve is connected to the right output end of the first water heater; the domestic hot water supply circulation loop shares the fourth reversing valve, the refrigerant reversing valve and the user with the thermal energy supply circulation loop, shares the low-grade compressed heat storage tank with the air power generation circulation loop, and shares the low-pressure generator, the third refrigerant throttle valve and the fourth refrigerant throttle valve with the cold energy supply circulation loop, and also includes: a second water heater, the upper left input end of the second water heater is connected to the lower output end of the refrigerant reversing valve; the upper left output end of the second water heater is connected to The input end of the third refrigerant throttle valve is connected; the lower left input end of the second water heater is connected to the upper output end of the low-pressure generator; the lower left output end of the second water heater is connected to the input end of the fourth refrigerant throttle valve; the right input end of the second water heater is connected to the left output end of the fourth reversing valve; the right output end of the second water heater is connected to the input end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank; the upper output end of the second water heater is connected to the user's domestic hot water input end; the lower input end of the second water heater is connected to cold water. ;

[0010] Furthermore, the air compressor unit includes one or more air compressors and coolers; the air turbine unit includes one or more heaters and air turbines.

[0011] Preferably, the air liquefaction cycle can use working fluids such as air or nitrogen; the heat transfer fluid of the medium-grade cold energy second storage tank and the low-grade cold energy storage tank can be methanol or air, etc.; the heat transfer fluid of the high-grade cold energy storage tank and the medium-grade cold energy first storage tank can be propane or air, etc.; the heat transfer fluid of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank and the low-grade compressed heat storage tank can be heat transfer oil or air, etc.

[0012] Specifically, the present invention adopts a cooling-heating-electricity combined supply method based on liquid air energy storage, which varies according to the peak-valley cycle of electricity consumption and different needs of users, and includes the following working modes:

[0013] Air liquefaction cycle working mode during off-peak hours or when there is excess renewable energy;

[0014] During peak electricity consumption periods, the air power generation cycle working mode;

[0015] By utilizing the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank 216 in a stepwise manner, the following modes are achieved: a cold energy supply cycle, a heat energy supply cycle and a domestic hot water supply cycle are operated simultaneously;

[0016] The cooling energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously;

[0017] The heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously;

[0018] Domestic hot water supply circulation working mode.

[0019] During the off-peak period of electricity consumption or when there is excess renewable energy, the air liquefaction cycle works: after the ambient air is purified, it enters the air compressor unit to be pressurized to high pressure, and at the same time, the compression heat generated during the air compression process is stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank through the heat transfer fluid; the normal temperature high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor unit enters the first heat exchanger to be initially cooled by the return cold air and the medium-grade cold energy stored in the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank, and then enters the second heat exchanger to be cooled to low temperature by the return cold air and the high-grade cold energy stored in the high-grade cold energy storage tank; the low-temperature high-pressure air enters the low-temperature turbine to expand and reduce the pressure, obtains liquid air, and stores it in the liquid air storage tank;

[0020] During the peak period of electricity consumption, the air power generation cycle works: the low-temperature liquid air at the outlet of the liquid air storage tank is pressurized to high pressure by the booster pump, enters the first evaporator to release high-grade cold energy, and stores it in the high-grade cold energy storage tank, then enters the second evaporator to release medium-grade cold energy, and stores it in the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank; the normal temperature and high-pressure air at the outlet of the second evaporator is further heated to high temperature by part of the air compression heat stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank, enters the air turbine unit to expand and generate electricity, and supplies users;

[0021] When users need cooling, heating and domestic hot water, the cold energy supply cycle, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank enters the high-pressure generator, the low-pressure generator, the first water heater and the second water heater in turn through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade: in the cold energy supply cycle, the steam at the outlet of the refrigerant evaporator is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber, and the concentration of the solution is reduced. After being pressurized by the solution booster pump and preheated by the low-temperature heat exchanger, it is divided into two paths: one path enters the high-pressure generator through the high-temperature heat exchanger, and the other path enters the low-pressure generator through the first solution throttle valve for throttling and pressure reduction; the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator enters the first water heater through the refrigerant reversing valve to release heat and condense, and passes through the second The refrigerant throttle valve throttles and reduces the pressure before entering the condenser; the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator enters the second water heater to release heat and condense, and then passes through the fourth refrigerant throttle valve to throttle and reduce the pressure before entering the condenser; the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve to throttle and reduce the pressure before entering the refrigerant evaporator to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and to provide cooling to users; in the heat energy supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated in the first water heater by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator, and high-temperature hot water is obtained to provide heating to users; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater and the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator, and domestic hot water is obtained to supply users;

[0022] When users need cooling and domestic hot water, the cold energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank enters the high-pressure generator, the low-pressure generator and the second water heater in turn through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in stages: in the cold energy supply cycle, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator enters the second water heater through the refrigerant reversing valve to release heat and condense, and enters the condenser after throttling and reducing the pressure through the third refrigerant throttle valve; the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve to throttle and reduce the pressure, enters the refrigerant evaporator to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and provides cooling to users; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator and the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator, and domestic hot water is obtained to supply users;

[0023] When users need heating and domestic hot water, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank enters the first water heater and the second water heater in turn through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in stages: in the heat energy supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank in the first water heater to obtain high-temperature hot water and provide heating to users; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater in the second water heater to obtain domestic hot water and supply users;

[0024] When users need domestic hot water, the domestic hot water supply cycle works, and the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank enters the second water heater through the heat transfer fluid to heat the ambient cold water, obtaining domestic hot water for the users.

[0025] Furthermore, by cascadingly utilizing the excess air compression heat stored in high-grade compressed heat storage tanks, cooling, heating and domestic hot water can be achieved, which can effectively improve the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

[0026] Furthermore, the system is flexible in adjustment and can switch between different functions such as cooling, heating and domestic hot water supply, thus meeting the needs of users in different seasons.

[0027] Furthermore, the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank can be used to provide cooling, heating and domestic hot water to users without affecting the power generation of the air turbine unit, which can significantly improve the efficiency of the liquid air energy storage system.

[0028] Furthermore, when the air liquefaction cycle operates at low pressure, the system has more excess air compression heat and better ability to provide cooling, heating and domestic hot water. This method is conducive to promoting low-pressure operation and small-scale application of liquid air energy storage systems.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1) The present invention realizes combined cooling, heating and power generation by rationally utilizing the excess air compression heat in the liquid air energy storage system, thereby broadening the functions of the liquid air energy storage system, significantly improving the efficiency of the liquid air energy storage system, and generating huge economic and social benefits.

[0031] 2) The present invention can enable the liquid air energy storage system to have a high system efficiency when operating at low pressure, and has a good ability to provide cooling, heating and domestic hot water, which is helpful to vigorously promote the small-scale application of liquid air energy storage systems.

[0032] 3) The present invention realizes cooling, heating and domestic hot water supply by cascading the use of excess air compression heat, which can significantly improve the utilization efficiency of thermal energy.

[0033] 4) The present invention can flexibly adjust and convert the cooling, heating and domestic hot water supply functions of the system to meet the energy needs of different users in different seasons.

[0034] 5) The present invention provides a feasible method and solution for realizing liquid air energy storage combined heat and power generation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a cooling-heating-power combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a cooling-heating-power combined power system based on liquid air energy storage is shown;

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The simulation results of the first embodiment are shown;

[0038] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a cooling-heating-power combined power system based on liquid air energy storage is shown;

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The simulation results of the second embodiment are shown;

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a third embodiment of a cooling-heating-power combined power system based on liquid air energy storage is shown;

[0041] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The simulation results of the third embodiment are shown;

[0042] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of a cooling-heating-power combined power system based on liquid air energy storage is shown;

[0043] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 The simulation results of the fourth embodiment are shown;

[0044] Among them, the air compressor unit 100, the first air compressor 101, the first cooler 102, the second air compressor 103, the second cooler 104, the third air compressor 105, the third cooler 106, the first heat exchanger 201, the second heat exchanger 202, the low-temperature turbine 203, the liquid air storage tank 204, the booster pump 205, the first evaporator 206, the second evaporator 207, the third circulating pump 208, the high-grade cold energy storage tank 209, the fourth circulating pump 210, the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank 211, the first circulating pump 212, the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213, the second circulating pump 214, the low-grade cold energy storage tank 215, the high-grade compression heat storage tank 216, the low-grade compression heat storage tank 217, the first reversing valve 218, the second reversing valve 219, the third reversing valve 220, the fourth reversing valve 221, the air turbine unit 300, The first heater 301, the first air turbine 302, the second heater 303, the second air turbine 304, the third heater 305, the third air turbine 306, the high pressure generator 401, the high temperature heat exchanger 402, the first solution throttle valve 403, the low pressure generator 404, the second solution throttle valve 405, the low temperature heat exchanger 406, the third solution throttle valve 407, the solution booster pump 408, the absorber 409, the refrigerant evaporator 410, the first refrigerant throttle valve 411, the condenser 412, the second refrigerant throttle valve 413, the third refrigerant throttle valve 414, the fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415, the refrigerant reversing valve 416, the first water heater 417, the second water heater 418, and the user 419. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, a cooling-heat-power combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage of the present invention includes an air liquefaction circulation loop, an air power generation circulation loop, a cold energy supply circulation loop, a heat energy supply circulation loop and a domestic hot water supply circulation loop.

[0047] Among them, the air liquefaction circulation loop includes an air compressor unit 100, a first air compressor 101, a first cooler 102, a second air compressor 103, a second cooler 104, a third air compressor 105, a third cooler 106, a first heat exchanger 201, a second heat exchanger 202, a low-temperature turbine 203, a liquid air storage tank 204, a third circulation pump 208, a high-grade cold energy storage tank 209, a first medium-grade cold energy storage tank 211, a first circulation pump 212, a second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213, a low-grade cold energy storage tank 215, a high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216, and a low-grade compressed heat storage tank 217.

[0048] Specifically, the air compressor unit 100 has a right input end, a left output end, a lower input end and a lower output end, and includes a plurality of compressors and coolers; the upper input end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 is connected to the lower output end of the air compressor unit 100; the upper output end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank 217 is connected to the lower input end of the air compressor unit 100; the right input end of the first heat exchanger 201 is connected to the left output end of the air compressor unit 100, and the upper right output end of the first heat exchanger 201 is connected to the right input end of the air compressor unit 100; the output end of the first circulating pump 212 is connected to the lower left input end of the first heat exchanger 201; the output end of the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213 is connected to the input end of the first circulating pump 212; the input end of the low-grade cold energy storage tank 215 is connected to the first heat exchanger 20 1 is connected to the lower right output end of the first heat exchanger 201; the right input end of the second heat exchanger 202 is connected to the left output end of the first heat exchanger 201, and the upper right output end of the second heat exchanger 202 is connected to the upper left input end of the first heat exchanger 201; the output end of the third circulating pump 208 is connected to the lower left input end of the second heat exchanger 202; the output end of the high-grade cold energy storage tank 209 is connected to the input end of the third circulating pump 208; the input end of the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank 211 is connected to the lower right output end of the second heat exchanger 202; the input end of the low-temperature turbine 203 is connected to the left output end of the second heat exchanger 202; the upper input end of the liquid air storage tank 204 is connected to the output end of the low-temperature turbine 203, and the upper output end of the liquid air storage tank 204 is connected to the upper left input end of the second heat exchanger 202.

[0049] The air power generation circulation loop and the air liquefaction circulation loop share the liquid air storage tank 204, the high-grade cold energy storage tank 209, the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank 211, the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213, the low-grade cold energy storage tank 215, the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 and the low-grade compressed heat storage tank 217, and also include: a booster pump 205, a second evaporator 207, a fourth circulation pump 210, a second circulation pump 214, an air turbine unit 300, a first heater 301, a first air turbine 302, a second heater 303, a second air turbine 304, a third heater 305, a third air turbine 306, and a user 419.

[0050] Specifically, the input end of the booster pump 205 is connected to the right output end of the liquid air storage tank 204; the lower left input end of the first evaporator 206 is connected to the output end of the booster pump 205, and the upper left output end of the first evaporator 206 is connected to the input end of the high-grade cold energy storage tank 209; the output end of the fourth circulation pump 210 is connected to the upper right input end of the first evaporator 206, and the input end of the fourth circulation pump 210 is connected to the output end of the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank 211; the lower left input end of the second evaporator 207 is connected to the lower right output end of the first evaporator 206, and the second evaporator 207 is connected to the lower left input end of the first evaporator 206. The upper left output end of 207 is connected to the input end of the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213; the output end of the second circulating pump 214 is connected to the upper right input end of the second evaporator 207, and the input end of the second circulating pump 214 is connected to the output end of the low-grade cold energy storage tank 215; the left input end of the air turbine unit 300 is connected to the lower right output end of the second evaporator 207, the upper input end of the air turbine unit 300 is connected to the lower output end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216, and the upper output end of the air turbine unit 300 is connected to the lower input end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank 217; the power supply input end of the user 419 is connected to the motor output end of the air turbine unit 300.

[0051] The cold energy supply circulation loop shares the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 and the user 419 with the air power generation circulation loop. The cold energy supply circulation loop also includes: a first reversing valve 218, a third reversing valve 220, a high-pressure generator 401, a high-temperature heat exchanger 402, a first solution throttle valve 403, a low-pressure generator 404, a second solution throttle valve 405, a low-temperature heat exchanger 406, a third solution throttle valve 407, a solution booster pump 408, an absorber 409, a refrigerant evaporator 410, a first refrigerant throttle valve 411, a condenser 412, a second refrigerant throttle valve 413, a third refrigerant throttle valve 414, a fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415, and a refrigerant reversing valve 416.

[0052] Specifically, the upper input end of the first reversing valve 218 is connected to the lower output end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216; the right input end of the high-pressure generator 401 is connected to the left output end of the first reversing valve 218; the upper input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 402 is connected to the lower output end of the high-pressure generator 401, and the upper output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 402 is connected to the lower input end of the high-pressure generator 401; the input end of the second solution throttle valve 405 is connected to the lower output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 402; the right input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 406 is connected to the output end of the second solution throttle valve 405, and the low-temperature heat exchanger 406 is connected to the output end of the second solution throttle valve 405. The right output end of the heat exchanger 406 is connected to the lower input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 402; the upper input end of the first solution throttle valve 403 is connected to the right output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 406; the upper input end of the low-pressure generator 404 is connected to the lower output end of the first solution throttle valve 403, the upper right input end of the low-pressure generator 404 is connected to the lower right output end of the high-pressure generator 401, and the lower output end of the low-pressure generator 404 is connected to the right input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 406; the upper input end of the third reversing valve 220 is connected to the lower right output end of the low-pressure generator 404; The right input end of the solution throttle valve (407) is connected to the upper left output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 406; the output end of the solution booster pump 408 is connected to the lower left input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 406; the upper input end of the absorber 409 is connected to the output end of the third solution throttle valve 407, and the upper output end of the absorber 409 is connected to the input end of the solution booster pump 408; the right output end of the refrigerant evaporator 410 is connected to the left input end of the absorber 409, the left output end of the refrigerant evaporator 410 is connected to the cooling input end of the user 419, and the left input end of the refrigerant evaporator 410 is connected to the user 419. 19 is connected to the cooling output end; the lower output end of the first refrigerant throttle valve 411 is connected to the upper input end of the refrigerant evaporator 410; the lower output end of the condenser 412 is connected to the upper input end of the first refrigerant throttle valve 411; the output end of the second refrigerant throttle valve 413 is connected to the upper input end of the condenser 412; the output end of the third refrigerant throttle valve 414 is connected to the upper input end of the condenser 412; the output end of the fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415 is connected to the upper input end of the condenser 412; the upper input end of the refrigerant reversing valve 416 is connected to the upper output end of the high-pressure generator 401.

[0053] The heat energy supply circulation loop and the cold energy supply circulation loop share the first reversing valve 218, the third reversing valve 220, the second refrigerant throttle valve 413, the refrigerant reversing valve 416 and the user 419, and also include: a second reversing valve 219, a fourth reversing valve 221, and a first water heater 417.

[0054] Specifically, the upper input end of the second reversing valve 219 is connected to the lower output end of the first reversing valve 218, and the left output end of the second reversing valve 219 is connected to the right input end of the third reversing valve 220; the left input end of the first water heater 417 is connected to the right output end of the refrigerant reversing valve 416, the left output end of the first water heater 417 is connected to the input end of the second refrigerant throttle valve 413, the right input end of the first water heater 417 is connected to the left output end of the third reversing valve 220, the upper output end of the first water heater 417 is connected to the heating input end of the user 419, and the lower input end of the first water heater 417 is connected to the heating output end of the user 419; the right input end of the fourth reversing valve 221 is connected to the lower output end of the second reversing valve 219, and the upper input end of the fourth reversing valve 221 is connected to the right output end of the first water heater 417.

[0055] The domestic hot water supply circulation loop shares the fourth reversing valve 221, the refrigerant reversing valve 416 and the user 419 with the heat energy supply circulation loop, shares the low-grade compressed heat storage tank 217 with the air power generation circulation loop, shares the low-pressure generator 404, the third refrigerant throttle valve 414 and the fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415 with the cold energy supply circulation loop, and also includes: a second water heater 418;

[0056] Specifically, the upper left input end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the lower output end of the refrigerant reversing valve 416, the upper left output end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the input end of the third refrigerant throttle valve 414, the lower left input end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the upper output end of the low-pressure generator 404, the lower left output end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the input end of the fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415, the right side input end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the left side output end of the fourth reversing valve 221, the right side output end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the input end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank 217, the upper output end of the second water heater 418 is connected to the domestic hot water input end of the user 419, and the lower input end of the second water heater 418 is connected to cold water.

[0057] A cooling-heating-electricity combined supply method based on liquid air energy storage of the present invention includes the following working modes:

[0058] During the off-peak period of electricity consumption or when there is excess renewable energy, the air liquefaction cycle works: after the ambient air is purified, it enters the air compressor unit 100 to be pressurized to high pressure, and at the same time, the compression heat generated during the air compression process is stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank 216 through the heat transfer fluid; the normal temperature high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor unit 100 enters the first heat exchanger 201 and is initially cooled by the return cold air and the medium-grade cold energy stored in the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213, and then enters the second heat exchanger 202 and is cooled to low temperature by the return cold air and the high-grade cold energy stored in the high-grade cold energy storage tank 209; the low-temperature high-pressure air enters the low-temperature turbine 203 to expand and reduce the pressure, obtain liquid air, and store it in the liquid air storage tank 204;

[0059] During the peak period of electricity consumption, the air power generation cycle works: the low-temperature liquid air at the outlet of the liquid air storage tank 204 is pressurized to high pressure by the booster pump 205, enters the first evaporator 206 to release high-grade cold energy, and stores it in the high-grade cold energy storage tank 209, and then enters the second evaporator 207 to release medium-grade cold energy, and stores it in the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank 213; the normal temperature and high-pressure air at the outlet of the second evaporator 207 is further heated to high temperature by part of the air compression heat stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank 216, enters the air turbine unit 300 to expand and generate electricity, and supplies it to the user 419;

[0060] When user 419 needs cooling, heating and domestic hot water, the cold energy supply cycle, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the high-pressure generator 401, the low-pressure generator 404, the first water heater 417 and the second water heater 418 in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade: in the cold energy supply cycle, the steam at the outlet of the refrigerant evaporator 410 is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber 409, and the concentration of the solution is reduced. After being pressurized by the solution booster pump 408 and preheated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 406, it is divided into two paths: one path enters the high-pressure generator 401 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 402, and the other path enters the low-pressure generator 404 through the first solution throttle valve 403 for throttling and pressure reduction; the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401 enters the first water heater 417 through the refrigerant reversing valve 416 to release heat and condense, and passes through the second refrigerant The throttle valve 413 throttles and reduces the pressure before entering the condenser 412; the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404 enters the second water heater 418 to release heat and condense, and then passes through the fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415 to throttle and reduce the pressure before entering the condenser 412; the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 412 passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve 411 to throttle and reduce the pressure before entering the refrigerant evaporator 410 to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and to provide cooling to the user 419; in the heat energy supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated in the first water heater 417 by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404 and the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401, and high-temperature hot water is obtained to provide heating to the user 419; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater 418 by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater 417 and the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404, and domestic hot water is obtained to supply the user 419;

[0061] When the user 419 needs cooling and domestic hot water, the cold energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the high-pressure generator 401, the low-pressure generator 404 and the second water heater 418 in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade: in the cold energy supply cycle, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401 enters the second water heater 418 through the refrigerant reversing valve 416 to release heat and condense, and is throttled and depressurized by the third refrigerant throttle valve 414 Enter the condenser 412; the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 412 is throttled and depressurized by the first refrigerant throttle valve 411, and enters the refrigerant evaporator 410 to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and provide cooling to the user 419; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater 418 by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404, the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401, and the medium-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404, and the domestic hot water is obtained and supplied to the user 419;

[0062] When the user 419 needs heating and domestic hot water, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the first water heater 417 and the second water heater 418 in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade: in the heat energy supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 in the first water heater 417 to obtain high-temperature hot water to provide heating to the user 419; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater 417 in the second water heater 418 to obtain domestic hot water to supply the user 419;

[0063] When user 419 needs domestic hot water, the domestic hot water supply cycle works, and the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the second water heater 418 through the heat transfer fluid to heat the ambient cold water, thereby obtaining domestic hot water for user 419.

[0064] Figure 2 for Figure 1The first embodiment of a cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage is shown, in which the cold energy supply cycle, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously to provide cold, heat and domestic hot water for the user 419; the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the high-pressure generator 401, the low-pressure generator 404, the first water heater 417 and the second water heater 418 in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade manner: in the cold energy supply cycle, the steam at the outlet of the refrigerant evaporator 410 is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber 409, and the concentration of the solution is reduced. After being pressurized by the solution booster pump 408 and preheated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 406, it is divided into two paths: one path enters the high-pressure generator 401 through the high-temperature heat exchanger 402, and the other path enters the low-pressure generator 404 through the throttling and pressure reduction of the first solution throttle valve 403; the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401 enters the first water heater 417 through the refrigerant reversing valve 416 to release heat and condense, and passes through the second refrigerant throttle valve 406 to release heat and condense. The throttle valve 413 throttles and reduces the pressure to enter the condenser 412; the medium-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404 enters the second water heater 418 to release heat and condense, and enters the condenser 412 after throttling and reducing the pressure through the fourth refrigerant throttle valve 415; the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 412 passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve 411 to throttle and reduce the pressure, enters the refrigerant evaporator 410 to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and provide cooling to the user 419; in the heat energy supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated in the first water heater 417 by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404 and the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401, and high-temperature hot water is obtained to provide heating to the user 419; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater 418 by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater 417 and the medium-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404, and domestic hot water is obtained to supply the user 419;

[0065] In order to further illustrate the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 The simulation calculation was carried out: the power consumption of the air liquefaction cycle is 1 MW, the working pressure of the air liquefaction cycle is 1-21 MPa, and the working pressure of the air power generation cycle is 12 MPa; the calculation results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the system has a weak power supply capacity under low-pressure conditions (1-5 MPa), but has a high capacity for cooling, heating and domestic hot water supply; when the air liquefaction pressure is 1 MPa, the system has the highest combined cooling, heating and power efficiency of 1.2.

[0066] Figure 4 for Figure 1A second embodiment of a cooling-heating-power combined power system based on liquid air energy storage is shown, The cold energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously to provide cold and domestic hot water for the user 419; the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the high-pressure generator 401, the low-pressure generator 404 and the second water heater 418 in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade: in the cold energy supply cycle, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401 enters the second water heater 418 to release heat and condense, and enters the condenser 412 after throttling and reducing the pressure through the third refrigerant throttle valve 414; the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 412 passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve 411 to throttling and reducing the pressure, enters the refrigerant evaporator 410 to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and provide cold for the user 419; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater 418 by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator 401 and the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator 404, and obtains domestic hot water to supply the user 419;

[0067] In order to further illustrate the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 The simulation calculation was carried out: the power consumption of the air liquefaction cycle is 1 MW, the working pressure of the air liquefaction cycle is 1-21 MPa, and the working pressure of the air power generation cycle is 12 MPa; the calculation results are as follows Figure 5 As shown, the system has a weak power supply capacity under low-pressure conditions (1-5 MPa), but has a high capacity for cooling and domestic hot water supply; when the air liquefaction pressure is 1 MPa, the system has the highest combined cooling, heat and power efficiency of 1.2.

[0068] Figure 6 for Figure 1 In the third embodiment of a cold-heat-electricity combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage, a heat supply cycle and a domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously to provide heat and domestic hot water for a user 419; the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the first water heater 417 and the second water heater 418 in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade manner: in the heat supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 in the first water heater 417 to obtain high-temperature hot water to provide heat to the user 419; in the domestic hot water supply cycle, the ambient cold water is heated by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater 417 in the second water heater 418 to obtain domestic hot water to supply the user 419;

[0069] In order to further illustrate the third embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 The simulation calculation was carried out: the power consumption of the air liquefaction cycle is 1 MW, the working pressure of the air liquefaction cycle is 1-21 MPa, and the working pressure of the air power generation cycle is 12 MPa; the calculation results are as follows Figure 7As shown, the system has a weak power supply capacity under low-pressure conditions (1-5 MPa), but has a high capacity for heating and domestic hot water supply; when the air liquefaction pressure is 1 MPa, the system has the highest combined cooling, heating and power efficiency of about 1.07.

[0070] Figure 8 for Figure 1 The fourth embodiment of a combined cooling, heating and power generation system based on liquid air energy storage is shown, wherein the domestic hot water supply cycle works to supply domestic hot water to the user 419; the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank 216 enters the second water heater 418 through the heat transfer fluid to heat the ambient cold water, and obtains domestic hot water to supply the user 419;

[0071] To further illustrate the fourth embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 The simulation calculation was carried out: the power consumption of the air liquefaction cycle is 1 MW, the working pressure of the air liquefaction cycle is 1-21 MPa, and the working pressure of the air power generation cycle is 12 MPa; the calculation results are as follows Fig. 9 As shown, the system has a weak power supply capacity under low-pressure conditions (1-5 MPa), but has a high ability to supply domestic hot water; when the air liquefaction pressure is 1 MPa, the system has the highest cogeneration efficiency of about 1.07.

[0072] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any equivalent modifications or changes made by ordinary technicians in this field based on the contents disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope recorded in the claims.

Claims

1. A cooling-heating-power combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage, characterized in that: The system includes an air liquefaction circulation loop, an air power generation circulation loop, a cold energy supply circulation loop, a heat energy supply circulation loop and a domestic hot water supply circulation loop, wherein: The air liquefaction circulation loop comprises: An air compressor unit (100), the air compressor unit (100) having a right input end, a left output end, a lower input end and a lower output end; A high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216), wherein an upper input end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) is connected to a lower output end of the air compressor unit (100); A low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217), wherein an upper output end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217) is connected to a lower input end of the air compressor unit (100); a first heat exchanger (201), wherein the right input end of the first heat exchanger (201) is connected to the left output end of the air compressor unit (100); and the upper right output end of the first heat exchanger (201) is connected to the right input end of the air compressor unit (100); a first circulation pump (212), wherein an output end of the first circulation pump (212) is connected to a lower left input end of the first heat exchanger (201); a second medium-grade cold energy storage tank (213), wherein an output end of the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank (213) is connected to an input end of the first circulating pump (212); A low-grade cold energy storage tank (215), wherein an input end of the low-grade cold energy storage tank (215) is connected to a lower right output end of the first heat exchanger (201); a second heat exchanger (202), wherein the right input end of the second heat exchanger (202) is connected to the left output end of the first heat exchanger (201); and the upper right output end of the second heat exchanger (202) is connected to the upper left input end of the first heat exchanger (201); a third circulation pump (208), wherein an output end of the third circulation pump (208) is connected to a lower left input end of the second heat exchanger (202); A high-quality cold energy storage tank (209), wherein an output end of the high-quality cold energy storage tank (209) is connected to an input end of the third circulating pump (208); A first medium-grade cold energy storage tank (211), wherein an input end of the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank (211) is connected to a lower right output end of the second heat exchanger (202); A low-temperature turbine (203), wherein an input end of the low-temperature turbine (203) is connected to a left output end of the second heat exchanger (202); a liquid air storage tank (204), wherein the upper input end of the liquid air storage tank (204) is connected to the output end of the low-temperature turbine (203); and the upper output end of the liquid air storage tank (204) is connected to the upper left input end of the second heat exchanger (202); The air power generation circulation loop and the air liquefaction circulation loop share a liquid air storage tank (204), a high-grade cold energy storage tank (209), a medium-grade cold energy first storage tank (211), a medium-grade cold energy second storage tank (213), a low-grade cold energy storage tank (215), a high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) and a low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217); The air power generation cycle loop also includes: A booster pump (205), the input end of the booster pump (205) being connected to the right output end of the liquid air storage tank (204); a first evaporator (206), the lower left input end of the first evaporator (206) being connected to the output end of the booster pump (205); and the upper left output end of the first evaporator (206) being connected to the input end of the high-grade cold energy storage tank (209); a fourth circulation pump (210), wherein the output end of the fourth circulation pump (210) is connected to the upper right input end of the first evaporator (206); and the input end of the fourth circulation pump (210) is connected to the output end of the first medium-grade cold energy storage tank (211); a second evaporator (207), wherein a lower left input end of the second evaporator (207) is connected to a lower right output end of the first evaporator (206); and an upper left output end of the second evaporator (207) is connected to an input end of the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank (213); a second circulation pump (214), wherein an output end of the second circulation pump (214) is connected to an upper right input end of the second evaporator (207); and an input end of the second circulation pump (214) is connected to an output end of the low-grade cold energy storage tank (215); an air turbine unit (300), wherein the left input end of the air turbine unit (300) is connected to the lower right output end of the second evaporator (207); the upper input end of the air turbine unit (300) is connected to the lower output end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216); and the upper output end of the air turbine unit (300) is connected to the lower input end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217); A user (419), wherein a power supply input terminal of the user (419) is connected to a motor output terminal of the air turbine unit (300); The cold energy supply circulation loop and the air power generation circulation loop share a high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) and a user (419), and the cold energy supply circulation loop also includes: a first reversing valve (218), wherein an upper input end of the first reversing valve (218) is connected to a lower output end of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216); A high-voltage generator (401), wherein a right input end of the high-voltage generator (401) is connected to a left output end of the first reversing valve (218); A high-temperature heat exchanger (402), wherein the upper input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger (402) is connected to the lower output end of the high-voltage generator (401); the upper output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger (402) is connected to the lower input end of the high-voltage generator (401); a second solution throttle valve (405), wherein an input end of the second solution throttle valve (405) is connected to a lower output end of the high-temperature heat exchanger (402); A low-temperature heat exchanger (406), wherein the right input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (406) is connected to the output end of the second solution throttle valve (405); and the right output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (406) is connected to the lower input end of the high-temperature heat exchanger (402); a first solution throttle valve (403), wherein an upper input end of the first solution throttle valve (403) is connected to a right output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (406); A low-pressure generator (404), wherein the upper input end of the low-pressure generator (404) is connected to the lower output end of the first solution throttle valve (403); the upper right input end of the low-pressure generator (404) is connected to the lower right output end of the high-pressure generator (401); and the lower output end of the low-pressure generator (404) is connected to the right input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (406); a third reversing valve (220), wherein an upper input end of the third reversing valve (220) is connected to a lower right output end of the low-pressure generator (404); a third solution throttle valve (407), wherein a right input end of the third solution throttle valve (407) is connected to an upper left output end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (406); A solution pressurizing pump (408), wherein an output end of the solution pressurizing pump (408) is connected to a lower left input end of the low-temperature heat exchanger (406); An absorber (409), wherein the upper input end of the absorber (409) is connected to the output end of the third solution throttle valve (407); the upper output end of the absorber (409) is connected to the input end of the solution booster pump (408); A refrigerant evaporator (410), wherein the right output end of the refrigerant evaporator (410) is connected to the left input end of the absorber (409); the left output end of the refrigerant evaporator (410) is connected to the cooling input end of the user (419); and the left input end of the refrigerant evaporator (410) is connected to the cooling output end of the user (419); a first refrigerant throttle valve (411), wherein a lower output end of the first refrigerant throttle valve (411) is connected to an upper input end of the refrigerant evaporator (410); A condenser (412), wherein a lower output end of the condenser (412) is connected to an upper input end of the first refrigerant throttle valve (411); a second refrigerant throttle valve (413), wherein an output end of the second refrigerant throttle valve (413) is connected to an upper input end of the condenser (412); a third refrigerant throttle valve (414), wherein an output end of the third refrigerant throttle valve (414) is connected to an upper input end of the condenser (412); a fourth refrigerant throttle valve (415), wherein an output end of the fourth refrigerant throttle valve (415) is connected to an upper input end of the condenser (412); A refrigerant reversing valve (416), wherein an upper input end of the refrigerant reversing valve (416) is connected to an upper output end of the high-pressure generator (401); The heat energy supply circulation loop and the cold energy supply circulation loop share a first reversing valve (218), a third reversing valve (220), a second refrigerant throttle valve (413), a refrigerant reversing valve (416) and a user (419), and the heat energy supply circulation loop further includes: a second reversing valve (219), wherein an upper input end of the second reversing valve (219) is connected to a lower output end of the first reversing valve (218); and a left output end of the second reversing valve (219) is connected to a right input end of the third reversing valve (220); a first water heater (417), wherein the left input end of the first water heater (417) is connected to the right output end of the refrigerant reversing valve (416); the left output end of the first water heater (417) is connected to the input end of the second refrigerant throttle valve (413); the right input end of the first water heater (417) is connected to the left output end of the third reversing valve (220); the upper output end of the first water heater (417) is connected to the heating input end of the user (419); and the lower input end of the first water heater (417) is connected to the heating output end of the user (419); a fourth reversing valve (221), wherein the right input end of the fourth reversing valve (221) is connected to the lower output end of the second reversing valve (219); and the upper input end of the fourth reversing valve (221) is connected to the right output end of the first water heater (417); The domestic hot water supply circulation loop shares a fourth reversing valve (221), a refrigerant reversing valve (416) and a user (419) with the heat energy supply circulation loop, shares a low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217) with the air power generation circulation loop, and shares a low-pressure generator (404), a third refrigerant throttle valve (414) and a fourth refrigerant throttle valve (415) with the cold energy supply circulation loop, and further comprises: a second water heater (418), wherein the upper left input end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the lower output end of the refrigerant reversing valve (416); the upper left output end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the input end of the third refrigerant throttle valve (414); the lower left input end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the upper output end of the low-pressure generator (404); the lower left output end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the input end of the fourth refrigerant throttle valve (415); the right side input end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the left side output end of the fourth reversing valve (221); the right side output end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the input end of the low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217); the upper output end of the second water heater (418) is connected to the domestic hot water input end of the user (419); and the lower input end of the second water heater (418) is connected to cold water.

2. A cooling-heating-power combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air compressor unit (100) comprises one or more air compressors and an interstage cooler; the air turbine unit (300) comprises one or more interstage heaters and an air turbine.

3. A cooling-heating-power combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The air liquefaction cycle uses air or nitrogen as a working fluid; the heat transfer fluid of the medium-grade cold energy second storage tank (213) and the low-grade cold energy storage tank (215) is methanol or air; the heat transfer fluid of the high-grade cold energy storage tank (209) and the medium-grade cold energy first storage tank (211) is propane or air; and the heat transfer fluid of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) and the low-grade compressed heat storage tank (217) is heat transfer oil or air.

4. A working method of a cooling-heating-power combined supply system based on liquid air energy storage according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The working method varies according to the peak and valley periods of electricity consumption and the different needs of users (419), and includes the following working modes: Air liquefaction cycle working mode during off-peak hours or when there is excess renewable energy; During peak electricity consumption periods, the air power generation cycle works in mode; By utilizing the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank (216) in a stepwise manner, a cold energy supply cycle, a heat energy supply cycle and a domestic hot water supply cycle can be realized in a simultaneous operation mode; The cooling energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously; The heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously; Domestic hot water supply circulation working mode.

5. The working method according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the off-peak period of electricity consumption or when there is excess renewable energy, an air liquefaction cycle working mode is adopted: after the ambient air is purified, it enters the air compressor unit (100) and is pressurized to a high pressure, and at the same time, the compression heat generated during the air compression process is stored in the high-grade compression heat storage tank (216) through the heat transfer fluid; the normal temperature high-pressure air at the outlet of the air compressor unit (100) enters the first heat exchanger (201) and is initially cooled by the return cold air and the medium-grade cold energy stored in the second medium-grade cold energy storage tank (213), and then enters the second heat exchanger (202) and is cooled to a low temperature by the return cold air and the high-grade cold energy stored in the high-grade cold energy storage tank (209); the low-temperature high-pressure air enters the low-temperature turbine (203) to expand and reduce the pressure, obtains liquid air, and stores it in the liquid air storage tank (204); the cold air without the liquefied part is refluxed and returns to the inlet of the air compressor unit through the second heat exchanger (202) and the first heat exchanger (201) in sequence; During the peak electricity consumption period, the air power generation cycle works: the low-temperature liquid air at the outlet of the liquid air storage tank (204) is pressurized to high pressure by the booster pump (205), enters the first evaporator (206) to release high-quality cold energy, which is stored in the high-quality cold energy storage tank (209), and then enters the second evaporator (207) to release medium-quality cold energy, which is stored in the second medium-quality cold energy storage tank (213); the normal temperature and high-pressure air at the outlet of the second evaporator (207) is further heated to high temperature by part of the air compression heat stored in the high-quality compression heat storage tank (216), enters the air turbine unit (300) to expand and generate electricity, and supplies it to users (419).

6. The working method according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the user (419) needs cooling, heating and domestic hot water supply, the cooling energy supply cycle, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) enters the high-pressure generator (401), the low-pressure generator (404), the first water heater (417) and the second water heater (418) in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade: In the cold energy supply cycle, the steam at the outlet of the refrigerant evaporator (410) is absorbed by the concentrated solution in the absorber (409), the concentration of the solution is reduced, and after being pressurized by the solution pressure pump (408) and preheated by the low-temperature heat exchanger (406), it is divided into two paths: one path passes through the high-temperature heat exchanger (402) to enter the high-pressure generator (401), and the other path passes through the first solution throttle valve (403) to throttle and reduce the pressure to enter the low-pressure generator (404); the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) passes through the refrigerant reversing valve (416) to enter the first hot water generator (416). The refrigerant (417) releases heat and condenses, passes through the second refrigerant throttle valve (413) and is throttled and depressurized before entering the condenser (412); the medium-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the low-pressure generator (404) enters the second water heater (418) and releases heat and condenses, passes through the fourth refrigerant throttle valve (415) and is throttled and depressurized before entering the condenser (412); the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser (412) passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve (411) and is throttled and depressurized before entering the refrigerant evaporator (410) to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and to provide cooling to the user (419); In the heat energy supply cycle, circulating hot water is heated in the first water heater (417) by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator (404) and the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator (401), thereby obtaining high-temperature hot water to provide heat to the user (419); In the domestic hot water supply cycle, ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater (418) by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater (417) and the medium-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-pressure generator (404), thereby obtaining domestic hot water for supply to users (419); When the user (419) needs cooling and domestic hot water supply, the cooling energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat stored in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) enters the high-pressure generator (401), the low-pressure generator (404) and the second water heater (418) in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade manner: In the cold energy supply cycle, the high-temperature refrigerant vapor at the outlet of the high-pressure generator (401) passes through the refrigerant reversing valve (416) to enter the second water heater (418) to release heat and condense, and then passes through the third refrigerant throttle valve (414) to throttle and reduce the pressure before entering the condenser (412); the saturated liquid refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser (412) passes through the first refrigerant throttle valve (411) to throttle and reduce the pressure before entering the refrigerant evaporator (410) to evaporate and absorb heat to obtain low-temperature chilled water, and then provide cooling to the user (419); In the domestic hot water supply cycle, ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater (418) by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the low-pressure generator (404), the high-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the high-pressure generator (401), and the medium-temperature refrigerant steam at the outlet of the low-pressure generator (404), thereby obtaining domestic hot water for supply to users (419); When the user (419) needs heating and domestic hot water supply, the heat energy supply cycle and the domestic hot water supply cycle work simultaneously, and the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) enters the first water heater (417) and the second water heater (418) in sequence through the heat transfer fluid to release heat in a cascade manner: In the heat energy supply cycle, the circulating hot water is heated in the first water heater (417) by the high-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216), and high-temperature hot water is obtained to provide heat to the user (419); In the domestic hot water supply cycle, ambient cold water is heated in the second water heater (418) by the medium-temperature heat transfer fluid at the outlet of the first water heater (417), and domestic hot water is obtained and supplied to the user (419); When the user (419) needs domestic hot water, the domestic hot water supply cycle works, and the excess air compression heat in the high-grade compressed heat storage tank (216) enters the second water heater (418) through the heat transfer fluid to heat the ambient cold water, thereby obtaining domestic hot water for supplying to the user (419).

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