An integrated front axle with combined transfer speed change function and differential lock and brake

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integral front axle with a combined split speed change function with a differential lock and a brake, which is composed of a gearbox assembly, a transfer mechanism, a front axle assembly, a differential lock mechanism assembly and a brake assembly. The front axle assembly and the gearbox assembly are combined and connected to form a whole, and the clutch shaft passes through the front axle assembly from the middle upper part of the front axle assembly as the power input shaft of the gearbox assembly. The integral front axle with a combined split speed change function with a differential lock and a brake of the present invention has an integral front axle with the functions of a differential lock, a brake, a transfer case and a gearbox, overcomes the shortcomings of the existing axle with relatively single functions, has flexible operation, simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and can meet the driving requirements of bad road conditions such as swamps, muddy, uneven pits, and large slopes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a transmission system for agricultural machinery, in particular to an integrated front axle with a combined split speed change function and a differential lock and a brake. Background Art

[0002] Existing axles generally have brake functions, and there are few integrated axles that combine transfer case and gearbox functions. China Patent Publication No. 207931485U discloses an integrated front drive axle with a transfer case function transmission (patent number: ZL201820325693.5). This utility model introduces a method of combining the functions of a transfer case, a gearbox and an axle into an integrated front axle. The integrated front drive axle can achieve rear-wheel drive or full front and rear wheel drive without the need for an additional transfer case. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional combined gearboxes that require a transfer case to achieve these functions, is flexible in operation, simple in structure, and low in manufacturing cost.

[0003] At the same time, when a tractor using the above-mentioned integral front drive axle encounters adverse road conditions such as mud, potholes, steep slopes, etc., in the absence of a differential lock, the drive wheels will slip, become suspended, and idle, becoming stuck and unable to move, hindering the tractor's progress.

[0004] When a tractor adopting the above-mentioned integral front drive axle encounters a downhill slope or needs to avoid obstacles, it is necessary for the tractor to slow down by braking. Therefore, the combined transfer speed function integral front axle with differential lock and brake that integrates the functions of differential lock, brake, transfer case and gearbox has positive significance for improving the market competitiveness of products, reducing manufacturing costs, saving energy and reducing consumption, and integrating resources. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention is realized by collectively designing and installing differential locks and brakes on the basis of traditional technologies, and aims to provide an integral front axle with combined transfer speed-changing function, differential locks and brakes, having functions of differential locks, brakes, transfer cases and gearboxes, so as to overcome the deficiency of relatively single functions of existing axles.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] An integral front axle with a combined split-speed shifting function and a differential lock and a brake is mainly composed of a gearbox assembly, a splitter mechanism, a front axle assembly, a differential lock mechanism assembly and a brake assembly.

[0008] The front axle assembly and the gearbox assembly are combined and connected into a whole, and the clutch shaft, as the power input shaft of the gearbox assembly, passes through the front axle assembly from the middle upper part of the front axle assembly. The gearbox assembly is respectively equipped with a sub-speed shift lever, a main speed shift lever, a power output coupling plate, and a drive output coupling plate. The sub-speed shift lever and the main speed shift lever are mainly used to control the gearbox shifting, the power output coupling plate is mainly used to transmit the power of the clutch shaft to the rear power output interface, and the drive output coupling plate is mainly used to transmit the power of the gearbox assembly to the rear drive axle assembly through the second gearbox shaft. A meshing sleeve is designed at the front end of the second gearbox shaft.

[0009] The transfer mechanism is mainly designed with a meshing sleeve at the front end of the second gearbox shaft, and the meshing sleeve is connected to the front axle pinion gear. When it is necessary to transfer power to the front axle, it is only necessary to turn the meshing sleeve to connect the front end of the second gearbox shaft with the front axle pinion gear of the power input shaft of the front axle assembly, so that the power can be transferred to the front axle assembly and the rear axle assembly at the same time, realizing front and rear wheel drive. When only the rear wheel drive is needed, it is only necessary to turn the meshing sleeve to separate the second gearbox shaft from the front axle pinion gear, cut off the power transmitted from the second gearbox shaft to the front axle pinion gear of the power input shaft of the front axle assembly, and realize the rear wheel drive alone.

[0010] The front axle assembly is mainly composed of a front axle pinion gear, a front axle housing, a rolling bearing, a left half shaft, a right half shaft, a differential housing, a left half shaft gear, a right half shaft gear, a planetary gear, a cross planetary gear shaft, a front axle large bevel gear, a half shaft housing, a differential bearing seat, a left wheel hub, and a right wheel hub. The front axle pinion gear is installed in the front axle housing through a bearing, the cross planetary gear shaft sleeves the planetary gear, and is fixed on the differential housing together with the left and right half shaft gears, and the front axle large bevel gear is also fixed on the differential housing, and the front axle large bevel gear and the front axle pinion gear are in a bevel gear matching relationship, which can transmit power. The two ends of the front axle housing are respectively installed with differential bearing seats, rolling bearings are respectively installed inside the differential bearing seats, and the differential housing is installed on the rolling bearings. The left and right half-shaft gears are provided with internal splines inside and are respectively connected with the external splines at the inner ends of the left and right half-shafts. The above main components constitute the differential assembly components of the front axle, and the differential action and function are the existing technology. The outer ends of the differential bearing seats are respectively installed with brake housings, and the outer ends of the brake housings are respectively installed with half-shaft housings, and the outer ends of the half-shaft housings are respectively installed with left and right wheel hubs. After the power is transmitted from the clutch shaft to the gearbox assembly, it is transmitted to the front axle differential assembly through the front axle pinion gear, and then transmitted to the left and right wheel hubs through the left and right half-shafts.

[0011] The differential lock mechanism assembly is mainly composed of a differential lock lever, a differential lock return spring, a differential lock fork shaft, a differential lock fork, a differential lock rocker arm, and a differential lock assembly. A differential lock fork shaft is installed on the front axle housing, and a differential lock return spring and a differential lock fork are installed on the differential lock fork shaft inside the front axle housing, respectively. A differential lock rocker arm is installed on the differential lock fork shaft outside the front axle housing, and a connecting mechanism is provided between the differential lock rocker arm and the differential lock lever, and the swing of the differential lock rocker arm can be controlled by operating the differential lock lever. The differential lock assembly is provided with a plunger, and the plunger of the differential lock assembly is sleeved on the differential housing. The plunger of the differential lock assembly can move axially along the plunger under the action of the differential lock fork. A plunger hole is opened at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear. The plunger of the differential lock assembly can extend into the plunger hole at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear under the action of the differential lock fork, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the differential housing and the right half-shaft gear, and realizing the differential lock function.

[0012] The brake assembly is mainly composed of a brake housing, a brake friction disc assembly, a partition, a brake pressure disc, a steel ball, a differential bearing seat, a crank assembly, and a shifting block. The brake friction disc assembly, the partition, the brake friction disc assembly, the brake pressure disc and the differential bearing seat are respectively installed on the outside of the differential bearing seat, and a spline connection is set between the brake friction disc assembly and the left and right half shafts. A steel ball is installed between the brake pressure disc and the differential bearing seat, the brake housing is installed on the front axle housing, the crank assembly is installed on the brake housing, and a shifting block is installed on the crank assembly. The shifting block can shift the brake pressure disc to rotate, and the brake pressure disc is provided with a tapered hole. Steel balls are respectively installed on the tapered holes. When the shifting block shifts the brake pressure disc to rotate, the steel ball pushes the brake pressure disc to move axially along the half shaft under the action of the tapered hole, and then the brake friction disc assembly and the brake pressure disc form friction, so as to achieve the purpose of deceleration braking. Since the brake friction disc is splined to the half shaft, and the half shaft is connected to the wheel hub, the friction between the brake friction disc and the brake pressure plate to achieve deceleration braking is equivalent to wheel hub deceleration braking, that is, the braking function is achieved.

[0013] The present invention adopts the above measures, and has an integral front axle with differential lock, brake, transfer case and gearbox functions, which overcomes the shortcomings of the existing axle with relatively single functions, has flexible operation, simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and can meet the driving requirements of bad road conditions such as swamps, muddy, uneven pits and steep slopes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the differential lock structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the differential lock;

[0017] Figure 4 The brake principle diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the brake;

[0019] Figure 6 The diagram of the brake mechanism;

[0020] Description of the accompanying drawings: 1. Clutch shaft; 2. Front axle assembly; 3. Differential lock lever; 4. Gearbox assembly; 5. Auxiliary speed change lever; 6. Main speed change lever; 7. Power output coupling plate; 8. Drive output coupling plate; 9. Engagement sleeve; 10. Front axle pinion gear; 11. Front axle housing; 12. Differential lock return spring; 13. Differential lock fork shaft; 14. Differential lock fork; 15. Differential lock rocker arm; 16. Differential lock assembly; 17. Rolling bearing; 1 8. Right half shaft; 19. Differential case; 20. Right half shaft gear; 21. Planetary gear; 22. Cross planetary gear shaft; 23. Front axle large bevel gear; 24. Left half shaft gear; 25. Left half shaft; 26. Half shaft case; 27. Brake case; 28. Brake friction disc assembly; 29. ​​Partition; 30. Brake pressure plate; 31. Steel ball; 32. Differential bearing seat; 33. Left wheel hub; 34. Right wheel hub; 35. Crank assembly; 36. Shift block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, the front axle assembly 2 and the gearbox assembly 4 are combined and connected into a whole, and the clutch shaft 1, as the power input shaft of the gearbox assembly 4, passes through the front axle assembly 2 from the middle upper part of the front axle assembly 2. The gearbox assembly 4 is respectively installed with a sub-speed shift lever 5, a main speed shift lever 6, a power output coupling plate 7, and a drive output coupling plate 8. The sub-speed shift lever 5 and the main speed shift lever 6 are mainly used to control the gearbox shifting, the power output coupling plate 7 is mainly used to transmit the power of the clutch shaft 1 to the rear power output interface, and the drive output coupling plate 8 is mainly used to transmit the power of the gearbox assembly 4 to the rear drive axle assembly through the second gearbox shaft. A meshing sleeve 9 is designed at the front end of the second gearbox shaft.

[0023] The meshing sleeve 9 is connected with the front axle pinion bevel gear 10. When the power needs to be transmitted to the front axle, the meshing sleeve 9 is simply moved to connect the front end of the second gearbox shaft with the front axle pinion bevel gear 10 of the power input shaft of the front axle assembly 2, so that the power can be transmitted to the front axle assembly 2 and the rear axle assembly at the same time, realizing the front and rear wheel drive. When only the rear wheel drive is needed, the meshing sleeve 9 is simply moved to separate the second gearbox shaft from the front axle pinion bevel gear 10, and the power is cut off from the second gearbox shaft to the front axle pinion bevel gear 10 of the power input shaft of the front axle assembly 2, realizing the rear wheel drive alone.

[0024] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the front axle assembly 1 is mainly composed of a front axle pinion gear 10, a front axle housing 11, a rolling bearing 17, a left half shaft 24, a right half shaft 18, a differential housing 19, a left half shaft gear 24, a right half shaft gear 20, a planetary gear 21, a cross planetary gear shaft 22, a front axle large bevel gear 23, a half shaft housing 26, a differential bearing seat 32, a left wheel hub 33, and a right wheel hub 34. The front axle pinion gear 10 is installed in the front axle housing 11 through a bearing, the cross planetary gear shaft 21 covers the planetary gear 21, and is fixed to the differential housing 19 together with the left half shaft gear 24 and the right half shaft gear 20, and the front axle large bevel gear 23 is also fixed to the differential housing 19, and the front axle large bevel gear 23 and the front axle pinion gear 10 are in a bevel gear matching relationship, which can transmit power. Differential bearing seats 32 are installed at both ends of the front axle housing 11, rolling bearings 17 are installed inside the differential bearing seats 32, and the differential housing 19 is installed on the rolling bearings 17. The left half-shaft gear 24 and the right half-shaft gear 20 are designed with internal splines and are respectively connected with the external splines at the inner ends of the left half-shaft 24 and the right half-shaft 18. After the power is transmitted from the front axle pinion gear 10 to the front axle large bevel gear 23, since the front axle large bevel gear 23 is fixed together with the differential housing 19, the differential housing 19 moves together. Since the cross planetary gear shaft 21 is covered with the planetary gear 21 and is fixed on the differential housing 19 together with the left half-shaft gear 24 and the right half-shaft gear 20, the above-mentioned main components constitute the differential assembly components of the front axle, have differential action and function, and meet the differential requirements of the integral front axle. The outer ends of the differential bearing seats 32 are respectively mounted with brake housings 27, the outer ends of the brake housings 27 are respectively mounted with half-shaft housings 26, and the outer ends of the half-shaft housings 26 are respectively mounted with left wheel hubs 33 and right wheel hubs 34. The power is transmitted from the clutch shaft 1 to the gearbox assembly 4, and then transmitted to the front axle differential assembly through the front axle pinion gear 10, and then transmitted to the left wheel hub 33 and right wheel hub 34 through the left half-shaft 17 and the right half-shaft 24, respectively.

[0025] A differential lock fork shaft 13 is installed on the front axle housing 11, and a differential lock return spring 12 and a differential lock fork 14 are installed on the differential lock fork shaft 13 inside the front axle housing 11 respectively. A differential lock rocker arm 15 is installed on the differential lock fork shaft 13 outside the front axle housing 11, and a connecting mechanism is provided between the differential lock rocker arm 15 and the differential lock operating lever 3, and the differential lock rocker arm 15 can be controlled to swing by operating the differential lock operating lever 3. The differential lock assembly 16 is provided with a plunger, and the plunger of the differential lock assembly 16 is installed on the differential housing 19. The plunger of the differential lock assembly 16 can move along the plunger axis under the action of the differential lock fork 14. A plunger hole is opened at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear 20. The plunger of the differential lock assembly 16 can extend into the plunger hole at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear 20 under the action of the differential lock fork 14, thereby realizing the synchronous movement of the differential housing 19 and the right half-shaft gear 20, and realizing the differential lock function.

[0026] When the differential lock needs to work, the differential lock operating lever 3 is operated to control the differential lock rocker arm 15 to swing, thereby pushing the differential lock fork 14 to overcome the elastic force of the differential lock return spring 12, pushing the differential lock fork 14 to move axially to the left along the differential lock fork shaft 13, and then driving the plunger of the differential lock assembly 16 to extend from the differential housing 19 into the plunger hole opened at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear 20, so that the differential housing 19 and the half-shaft gear 20 are integrated into a whole, the differential assembly does not play a differential role, and the differential lock function is realized. When the operating force of the differential lock operating lever 3 is canceled, the differential lock fork 14 is pushed to move rightward along the differential lock fork shaft 13 axially under the action of the elastic force of the differential lock return spring 12, thereby pushing the plunger of the differential lock assembly 16 to withdraw from the plunger hole opened at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear 20, and the differential housing 19 and the half-shaft gear 20 move relatively and independently, the differential assembly plays a differential role, and the differential lock does not work.

[0027] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6As shown, the brake friction disc assembly 28, the partition plate 29, the brake friction disc assembly 28, the brake pressure disc 30 and the differential bearing seat 32 are respectively installed on the outside of the differential bearing seat 32, and a spline connection is set between the brake friction disc assembly 28 and the right half shaft 18. The brake pressure disc 30 has a plurality of tapered holes, each of which is equipped with a steel ball 31, and there is contact between the differential bearing seat 32 and the steel ball 31. The brake housing 27 is installed on the front axle housing 11, and a crank assembly 35 is installed on the brake housing 27. A shift block 36 is installed on the crank assembly 35, and the shift block 36 can shift the brake pressure disc 30 to rotate. When the shift block 36 shifts the brake pressure disc 30 to rotate, the steel ball 31 pushes the brake pressure disc 30 to move axially along the right half shaft 18 under the action of the tapered hole, and then the brake friction disc assembly 28 and the brake pressure disc 30 form friction, so as to achieve the purpose of deceleration braking. Since the brake friction disc assembly 28 is spline-matched with the right half shaft 18, and the right half shaft 18 is connected with the right wheel hub 34, the brake friction disc assembly 28 and the brake pressure plate 30 are rubbed to achieve deceleration braking, and then the right wheel hub 34 is decelerated. The left half shaft 25 and the left wheel hub 33 are also equipped with a brake assembly, and the working principle is the same as that of the right half shaft 18 and the right wheel hub 34, so the braking function of the left wheel hub 33 and the right wheel hub 34 can be achieved, that is, the braking function of a combined split transmission function integral front axle with a differential lock and a brake is achieved.

Claims

1. An integral front axle with a combined transfer speed function of a differential lock and a brake, comprising a gearbox assembly (4), a transfer mechanism, a front axle assembly (2), a differential lock mechanism assembly and a brake assembly, characterized in that: The front axle assembly (2) and the gearbox assembly (4) are combined and connected to form a whole, and the clutch shaft (1) serves as the power input shaft of the gearbox assembly (4) and passes through the front axle assembly (2) from the middle upper part of the front axle assembly (2); The gearbox assembly (4) is respectively equipped with an auxiliary speed change lever (5), a main speed change lever (6), a power output coupling plate (7), and a drive output coupling plate (8). The auxiliary speed change lever (5) and the main speed change lever (6) are mainly used to control the gearbox shifting. The power output coupling plate (7) is mainly used to transmit the power of the clutch shaft (1) to the rear power output interface. The drive output coupling plate (8) is mainly used to transmit the power of the gearbox assembly (4) to the rear drive axle assembly via the second gearbox shaft. A meshing sleeve (9) is designed at the front end of the second gearbox shaft. The front axle assembly (2) mainly comprises a front axle pinion gear (10), a front axle housing (11), a rolling bearing (17), a left half shaft (25), a right half shaft (18), a differential housing (19), a left half shaft gear (24), a right half shaft gear (20), a planetary gear (21), a cross planetary gear shaft (22), a front axle large bevel gear (23), a half shaft housing (26), a differential bearing seat (32), a left wheel hub (33), The right wheel hub (34) is composed of: The transfer mechanism is mainly designed with a meshing sleeve (9) at the front end of the second shaft of the gearbox, and the meshing sleeve (9) is connected to a small bevel gear (10) of the front axle; The differential lock mechanism assembly is mainly composed of a differential lock operating lever (3), a differential lock return spring (12), a differential lock fork shaft (13), a differential lock fork (14), a differential lock rocker arm (15), and a differential lock assembly (16); The brake assembly is mainly composed of a brake housing (27), a brake friction disc assembly (28), a partition plate (29), a brake pressure disc (30), a steel ball (31), a differential bearing seat (32), a crank assembly (35), and a shifting block (36).

2. The integrated front axle with combined transfer speed function with differential lock and brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front axle pinion gear (10) is installed in the front axle housing (11) through a bearing, the cross planetary gear shaft (22) is sleeved with the planetary gear (21), and is fixed on the differential housing (19) together with the left half-shaft gear (24) and the right half-shaft gear (20). The large bevel gear (23) of the front axle is also fixed on the differential housing (19). The large bevel gear (23) of the front axle is in a bevel gear matching relationship with the small bevel gear (10) of the front axle, and can transmit power. The two ends of the front axle housing (11) are respectively installed with differential bearing seats (32). The inner sides of the differential bearing seats (32) are respectively installed with rolling bearings (17). The differential housing (19) is installed on the rolling bearings (17). The left half shaft gear (24) and the right half shaft gear (20) are provided with internal splines and are respectively connected with the left half shaft (25) and the right half shaft gear (21). The outer spline of the inner end of the half shaft (18) is matched and connected, the outer end of the differential bearing seat (32) is respectively installed with a brake housing (27), the outer end of the brake housing (27) is respectively installed with a half shaft housing (26), and the outer end of the half shaft housing (26) is respectively installed with a left wheel hub (33) and a right wheel hub (34). The power is transmitted from the clutch shaft (1) to the gearbox assembly (4) and then transmitted to the front axle differential assembly through the front axle pinion gear (10), and then transmitted to the left wheel hub (33) and the right wheel hub (34) through the left half shaft (25) and the right half shaft (18).

3. The integrated front axle with combined splitter speed change function with differential lock and brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front axle housing (11) is provided with a differential lock fork shaft (13), the differential lock fork shaft (13) is provided with a differential lock return spring (12) and a differential lock fork (14) inside the front axle housing (11), the differential lock fork shaft (13) is provided with a differential lock rocker arm (15) outside the front axle housing (11), a connecting mechanism is provided between the differential lock rocker arm (15) and the differential lock operating lever (3), and the differential lock rocker arm (15) can be controlled to swing by operating the differential lock operating lever (3), and the differential lock assembly (16) is provided with a plunger, and the plunger of the differential lock assembly (16) is sleeved on the differential housing (19). The plunger of the differential lock assembly (16) can move along the plunger axis under the action of the differential lock fork (14). A plunger hole is opened at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear (20). Under the action of the differential lock fork (14), the plunger of the differential lock assembly (16) can extend into the plunger hole at the rear end of the right half-shaft gear (20), thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the differential housing (19) and the right half-shaft gear (20), and realizing the differential lock function.

4. The integrated front axle with combined splitter speed change function with differential lock and brake according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the differential bearing seat (32) is respectively installed with a brake friction disc assembly (28), a partition (29), a brake friction disc assembly (28), a brake pressure plate (30) and a differential bearing seat (32); a spline connection is provided between the brake friction disc assembly (28) and the left half shaft (25) and the right half shaft (18); a steel ball (31) is installed between the brake pressure plate (30) and the differential bearing seat (32); a brake housing (27) is installed on the front axle housing (11); a crank assembly (35) is installed on the brake housing (27); a shifting block (36) is installed on the crank assembly (35); the shifting block (36) can shift the brake pressure plate (30) to rotate; a conical hole is opened on the brake pressure plate (30); and steel balls (31) are respectively installed on the conical holes.

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