A field soil aggregate sampling device

Abstract

A field soil aggregate sampling device is used for quickly sampling field soil and maintaining the shape of the soil before and after sampling. It includes a main shell, a side shell, a joystick and a support plate. The main shell is a hollow structure. A first through hole is provided at the lower part of the left and right side walls of the main shell. A cross bar is provided at the top of the main shell, and handles are provided at both ends of the cross bar. The side shell is detachably installed on the left and right side walls of the main shell. The side shell is also a hollow structure. A partition is provided in the side shell. The partition divides the inner cavity of the side shell into a first operating cavity and a second operating cavity. A second through hole is provided on the side wall of the side shell, and a third through hole is provided on the partition. The joystick is a straight rod. A support lug is provided at the bottom of the joystick. A support plate is hingedly installed on the support lug. A torsion spring is provided between the support plate and the support lug. Under the action of the torsion spring, the support lug and the support plate are arranged at an obtuse angle. The device can realize real sampling of soil, and the deformation of the sampled soil is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of field soil sampling, in particular to a field soil aggregate sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Soil aggregation refers to the process of formation of soil structural aggregates under the influence of various physical, chemical and biological factors. Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil structure, which are cemented into granular or small lumps by organic and inorganic substances in the soil. Soil aggregates have good water stability, mechanical stability and porosity. This stable porous block structural unit is the structural form of fertile soil and is beneficial to agricultural production. The sampling of field soil aggregates in the prior art is relatively primitive. When sampling, it is required not to destroy the original shape of the soil and not to squeeze the soil. For example, if a soil layer 10 cm deep below the surface is taken, a deep pit needs to be dug next to the sampled soil, the sampling depth and width are measured with a ruler, and then the upper soil layer is removed. In this way, it is easy to squeeze the soil below, affecting the accuracy of sampling. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a field soil aggregate sampling device, which is used for quickly sampling field soil and maintaining the shape of the soil before and after sampling.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a field soil aggregate sampling device, characterized in that it includes a main shell, a side shell, a joystick and a support plate, the main shell is a rectangular hollow structure and the top and bottom of the main shell are open, a first through hole is provided at the lower part of the left and right side walls of the main shell, a cross bar is provided at the top of the main shell, and handles are provided at both ends of the cross bar;

[0005] A side shell is detachably mounted on the left and right walls of the main shell, the side shell is also a rectangular hollow structure with an open top, a partition is provided inside the side shell, the partition divides the inner cavity of the side shell into a first operating cavity and a second operating cavity, wherein the bottom of the first operating cavity is sealed, and the bottom of the second operating cavity is open, a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole is provided on the side wall of the side shell in contact with the main shell, and a third through hole is provided on the partition;

[0006] The joystick is a straight rod, with a lug at the bottom, a support plate hingedly mounted on the lug, a torsion spring arranged between the support plate and the lug, and an obtuse angle between the lug and the support plate under the action of the torsion spring;

[0007] The joystick has two working states. The first state is that the joystick is placed in the first operating chamber, overcoming the effect of the torsion spring so that an acute angle is formed between the support plate and the joystick, and the joystick is pulled upward. The second state is that the joystick is placed in the second operating chamber, the support plate and the joystick are vertically arranged, and the support plate is placed in the main shell after passing through the second and first through holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the thickness of the four side walls of the main shell is equal, the thickness of the four side walls of the side shell is also equal, and the thickness of the side walls of the main shell and the side shell is 1-3 mm.

[0009] Further, a finger hole is provided on the top of the joystick.

[0010] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the lower part of the operating rod to avoid the support plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the support plate is a conical structure, and the large end of the support plate is hinged to the support ear.

[0012] Furthermore, a pair of guide rails are provided on the left and right side walls of the main shell, the side shell is slidably arranged between the two guide rails, an ear plate is provided on the top of the side shell, and a top screw is provided between the ear plate and the main shell.

[0013] Furthermore, a track groove is provided on the guide rail, and limiting strips which are in contact with and cooperate with the track groove are provided on the front and rear side walls of the side shell.

[0014] Furthermore, an inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the side shell below the second operating chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, scale lines are provided on the four side walls of the main shell.

[0016] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: in the field soil aggregate sampling device provided by the present invention, during the whole sampling process, the side extrusion force on the sampled soil in the main shell is very small and can be ignored. The extrusion force on the soil directly below the main shell is very small, so the force exerted by the soil below on the sampled soil can also be ignored, and at this time the sampled soil basically maintains the shape inside the soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a front schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the main casing;

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A local enlarged view of point A in FIG.

[0021] Figure 5A schematic top view of the main housing and the guide rail;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A local enlarged view of point B in FIG.

[0023] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a side shell;

[0024] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of pulling the operating lever so that the supporting plate supports the soil in the side shell;

[0025] Fig. 9 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the use state of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.10 This is the second schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention;

[0027] Fig.11 This is the third schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention;

[0028] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the operating lever and the support plate under the action of the torsion spring;

[0029] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram showing that the sampling soil in the main shell is cut off when the handle is pulled;

[0030] In the figure: 1 main shell, 11 scale line, 12 cross bar, 13 handle, 14 first through hole, 15 guide rail, 16 track groove, 17 threaded hole, 2 side shell, 21 partition, 22 first operating cavity, 23 second operating cavity, 24 ear plate, 25 top screw, 26 second through hole, 27 third through hole, 28 inclined surface, 3 joystick, 31 finger hole, 32 groove, 33 ear, 34 hinge shaft, 35 support plate, 36 first locking hole, 37 second locking hole, 38 avoidance groove, 4 soil, 5 locking bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] like Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the present invention mainly includes a main shell 1, a cross bar 12, a handle 13, a guide rail 15, a side shell 2, a partition 21, a joystick 3 and a support plate 35. The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the main housing 1 is a rectangular hollow structure, the top and bottom of the main housing are open, and the four side walls of the main housing have the same thickness of 1-3mm. Scale lines 11 are provided on the four side walls of the main housing to facilitate observation of the depth of the main housing inserted into the soil. A cross bar 12 is provided at the top of the main housing, and handles 13 are provided at both ends of the cross bar; when in use, hold the handles with both hands and then press the main housing downward. A first through hole 14 is provided at the lower part of the left and right side walls of the main housing, as shown in FIG. Figure 6As shown, vertical guide rails 15 are fixed on the left and right walls of the main housing, respectively, and track grooves 16 are provided on the guide rails. Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, threaded holes 17 are respectively provided on the upper portions of the left and right side walls of the main housing.

[0033] Side shells 2 are provided on the left and right sides of the main shell. Figure 7 As shown, the side shell is also a rectangular hollow structure, the top of the side shell is open, and the four side walls of the side shell have the same thickness and are 1-3mm. A partition 21 is provided on the inner side of the side shell, which divides the inner cavity of the side shell into a first operating cavity 22 and a second operating cavity 23, wherein the bottom of the first operating cavity is a sealed structure, and the bottom of the second operating cavity is an open structure. An ear plate 24 is provided on the top of the side shell, and a limit strip that slides with the track groove is provided on the front and rear side walls of the side shell. When installing, the limit strip on the side shell is placed in the track groove, and the side shell is slid downward until the bottom of the side shell is flush with the bottom of the main shell. At this time, the main shell and the side shell can only move relative to each other in the vertical direction. In order to achieve relative fixation between the main shell and the side shell, a top screw 25 is provided between the ear plate and the threaded hole. Both the main and side shells are stainless steel metal parts.

[0034] like Figure 2 , Figure 7 As shown, a second through hole 26 is provided on the side wall of the side shell, and after the side shell and the main shell are installed together, the second through hole is connected to the first through hole. A third through hole 27 is provided on the partition plate, and an inclined surface 28 is provided at the bottom of the second operating cavity. The setting of the inclined surface allows the side shell to squeeze the soil to both sides when it is pressed into the soil, thereby avoiding squeezing the soil directly below the main shell.

[0035] The joystick 3 is a straight rod, and a finger hole 31 is provided at the top of the joystick to facilitate the insertion of the operator's fingers. A groove 32 is provided at the lower part of the joystick, and a lug 33 is provided at the bottom of the joystick. A support plate 35 is hingedly mounted on the lug through a hinge shaft 34. The support plate is a conical structure, and the large end of the support plate is hinged to the lug. A first locking hole 36 is provided at the large end of the support plate, and a second locking hole 37 corresponding to the first locking hole is provided on the lug. When in use, a locking bolt 5 can be installed between the first and second locking holes, and the support plate is in a horizontal plane. A torsion spring is provided between the support plate and the joystick, such as Fig.12 As shown, under the action of the torsion spring, an obtuse angle is formed between the support plate and the operating rod, and when the operating rod is in a vertical state, the support plate is tilted downward.

[0036] The joystick can be placed in the first operating cavity or in the second operating cavity. When the joystick is placed in the first operating cavity, the support plate is flipped so that the support plate is close to the joystick, and then the lower part of the joystick is extended into the first operating cavity. When the joystick moves downward, the support plate contacts and presses the partition under the action of the torsion spring.

[0037] An escape groove 38 is provided on the outer wall of the upper part of the joystick, and the escape groove is used to escape the top screw. The groove at the lower part of the joystick is used to escape the support plate. For the convenience of sampling, a blade is provided at the bottom of the main shell and the side shell.

[0038] The method of using the present invention is described below:

[0039] (1) Install the side housing on the guide rail on the main housing and lock and fix the side housing to the main housing using the top screw;

[0040] (2) Hold the handle, such as Fig. 9 As shown, the main shell and the side shell are pressed into the soil, and the depth of the main shell pressed into the soil can be observed according to the scale lines on the main shell; after the main shell is pressed into the soil, part of the soil enters the second operating cavity of the side shell, and the sampled soil enters the main shell;

[0041] (3) Fig.10 As shown, pull the joystick upwards. Figure 8 As shown, at this time, the small end of the support plate contacts the soil in the second operating chamber, and under the action of the torsion spring, the small end of the support plate passes through the third through hole and extends into the soil, and the angle between the support plate and the operating rod gradually increases; when the operating rod is lifted up a certain distance, the top screw between the main and side shells is loosened, and the two side shells are taken out; at this time, the soil above the support plate in the second operating chamber is taken out along with the side shells;

[0042] (4) Pour out the soil in the side shell, then reinstall the side shell on the main shell, align the first locking hole on the support plate with the second locking hole on the support ear, and lock the support plate and the joystick with the locking bolt. At this time, the support plate is in a horizontal plane; then use external force to insert the support plate horizontally into the sampled soil. During this process, the support plate passes through the second and first through holes in turn, and when the joystick contacts the inner wall of the side shell, the support plate reaches the maximum stroke; when the support plate reaches the maximum stroke, there can be a certain distance between the two support plates, and the small ends of the two support plates can also contact.

[0043] (5) Hold the handle and pull the main housing upwards. The side housing will move upwards with the main housing. Fig.13 As shown, the sampled soil is separated by a support plate.

[0044] During the entire sampling process, the side squeezing force on the sampled soil in the main shell is very small and can be ignored. The squeezing force on the soil directly below the main shell is very small, so the force exerted by the soil below on the sampled soil can also be ignored. At this time, the sampled soil basically maintains its shape inside the soil.

Claims

1. A field soil aggregate sampling device, characterized in that: It includes a main housing, a side housing, a joystick and a support plate. The main housing is a rectangular hollow structure with open top and bottom. A first through hole is provided at the lower part of the left and right side walls of the main housing. A crossbar is provided at the top of the main housing, and handles are provided at both ends of the crossbar. A side shell is detachably installed on the left and right walls of the main shell, and the side shell is also a rectangular hollow structure with an open top. A partition is provided in the side shell, and the partition divides the inner cavity of the side shell into a first operating cavity and a second operating cavity, wherein the bottom of the first operating cavity is sealed, and the bottom of the second operating cavity is open. A second through hole corresponding to the first through hole is provided on the side wall of the side shell in contact with the main shell, and a third through hole is provided on the partition; a pair of guide rails are provided on the left and right side walls of the main shell, and the side shell is slidably arranged between the two guide rails, an ear plate is provided on the top of the side shell, and a top screw is provided between the ear plate and the main shell; a track groove is provided on the guide rail, and a limit strip contacting and cooperating with the track groove is provided on the front and rear side walls of the side shell; an inclined surface is provided at the bottom of the side shell below the first operating cavity; The joystick is a straight rod, with a lug at the bottom, a support plate hingedly mounted on the lug, a torsion spring arranged between the support plate and the lug, and an obtuse angle between the lug and the support plate under the action of the torsion spring; The joystick has two working states. The first state is that the joystick is placed in the first operating chamber, overcoming the effect of the torsion spring so that an acute angle is formed between the support plate and the joystick, and the joystick is pulled upward. The second state is that the joystick is placed in the second operating chamber, the support plate is vertically arranged between the joystick and the joystick, and the support plate is placed in the main shell after passing through the second and first through holes. A finger hole is provided at the top of the joystick, and a groove is provided at the bottom of the joystick to avoid the support plate. The support plate is a conical structure, and the large end of the support plate is hinged to the support ear.

2. A field soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the four side walls of the main shell is equal, the thickness of the four side walls of the side shell is also equal, and the thickness of the side walls of the main shell and the side shell is 1-3mm.

3. A field soil aggregate sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Scale lines are provided on the four side walls of the main shell.

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