A multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, comprising an upper base, a hollow body, and a lower cone, which is an "inverted" cone from top to bottom; the hollow body is composed of four metal vertical bars and a metal vertical net, the tops of the four metal vertical bars are fixed to the bottom edge of the upper base, and the bottoms are fixed to the top edge of the lower cone; bone fragments are placed in the hollow body; a vertical interval is provided between two adjacent metal vertical bars, and a metal vertical net is provided inside the interval. It can be seen from the structure of the invention that by arranging a hollow body on the prosthesis, bone fragments are placed therein, so as to achieve postoperative healing of bone fragments and proximal femoral bone, play a role in bone grafting and healing, and prevent the prosthesis from loosening and sinking. At the same time, the two opposite intervals on the left and right of the hollow body are set to be empty, which can help to fit the steel plate to the outside of the fracture after secondary injury and fracture, and then screw into the two opposite intervals on the left and right to lock, so as to achieve reliable reduction and fixation and long-term firm fixation in the later stage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the medical field, in particular to a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis. Background Art

[0002] Recently, more than 1 million hip replacements are performed worldwide each year. Complications such as loosening and sinking of the femoral stem prosthesis, periprosthetic fractures, and postoperative dislocation often require reoperation, increasing the physical and mental trauma and economic burden on patients. The shape of the femoral stem prosthesis is similar, but the material and surface structure are different. The stem is mostly made of microporous and coral surface structures to promote bone ingrowth, all of which aim to prevent the prosthesis from loosening and sinking. However, after decades of clinical experience at home and abroad, it has been found that over time, the above-mentioned artificial femoral stems still have varying degrees of loosening and sinking in the bone marrow cavity.

[0003] At the same time, hip replacements are mostly performed in the elderly who have limited mobility and are prone to periprosthetic fractures of the femoral stem after secondary injury. Since there is a femoral stem prosthesis in the femoral medullary cavity, effective proximal femoral internal fixation is impossible, and single cortical plate fixation can easily loosen and fall out, making treatment difficult. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis to overcome the defects of the prior art, solve the problems of loosening and sinking of the femoral stem prosthesis after surgery, and at the same time solve the problems of fracture around the femoral stem prosthesis after secondary injury, inability to effectively fix the proximal femur, and easy loosening and dislocation of single cortical steel plate fixation.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis comprises an upper base, a hollow body arranged at the bottom of the upper base, and a lower cone arranged at the bottom of the hollow body, the whole being an "inverted" cone from top to bottom;

[0007] The hollow body is composed of four metal vertical bars and a metal vertical net. The tops of the four metal vertical bars are fixed to the bottom edge of the upper base, and the bottoms are fixed to the top edge of the lower cone. Broken bones are placed in the hollow body.

[0008] A vertical interval is arranged between two adjacent metal vertical bars, and a metal vertical mesh is arranged inside the interval.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper base is penetrated from top to bottom by a socket, the socket is formed by connecting an upper socket and a lower socket, the aperture of the upper socket is larger than the aperture of the lower socket, that is, an annular support platform is formed at the connection between the upper socket and the lower socket.

[0010] A further improved solution of the present invention is that a plurality of slots are provided on the inner side of the upper plug hole from top to bottom;

[0011] The upper base is a hollow structure with a rotating crank inserted at the top. A femoral head prosthesis is arranged on the top of the rotating crank. The rotating crank is formed by an upper shaft rod and a lower shaft rod connected in one piece. The top of the upper shaft rod is fixed to the bottom of the femoral head prosthesis. The outer side surface of the lower shaft rod is provided with multiple protrusions matching the slot from top to bottom.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the upper surface of the upper base is inclined toward the "lower left".

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the four metal vertical bars are convex, and are enclosed as a whole, and multiple protrusions are provided on their outer surfaces.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that the lower plug hole is connected to the hollow body.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the angle between the upper shaft rod and the lower shaft rod is an obtuse angle: 127° to 130°.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that the femoral head prosthesis matches the acetabulum and is in a ball-and-socket connection.

[0017] A further improvement of the present invention is that the compartment cross sections are arranged in a "cross shape" and metal vertical meshes are provided inside the two compartments facing each other in the front and back, and the interiors of the two compartments facing each other in the left and right are hollow structures.

[0018] A further improvement of the present invention is that when the bone fragments are placed in the hollow body, the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the bone, and at the same time, a squeezing rod is passed from above the insertion hole into the hollow body and inserted into the bone fragments, so that the bone fragments are pushed around and then compacted.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, which is an "inverted" cone from top to bottom, that is, larger at the top and smaller at the bottom. This is beneficial for inserting the femoral stem prosthesis into the femoral medullary cavity, utilizing the close matching and clamping of the stem part with the femoral medullary cavity to achieve the purpose of effective fixation.

[0021] 2. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis. When the broken bones are placed in the hollow body, the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the bone. At the same time, a squeezing rod is passed from the top of the insertion hole into the hollow body and inserted into the broken bones, so that the broken bones are pushed and compacted around and fully contacted with the inner wall of the femur, which is beneficial to bone healing.

[0022] 3. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, in which the diameter of the upper socket is larger than that of the lower socket, that is, an annular support platform is formed at the connection between the upper socket and the lower socket, so that when the lower shaft rod is inserted into the upper socket, it will not fall into the hollow body, thereby playing a supporting role.

[0023] 4. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, in which the outer side surface of the lower shaft rod is provided with multiple protrusions matching the slot from top to bottom, so that when the lower shaft rod is inserted into the upper socket, no horizontal rotation will occur, and the stability is strong. At the same time, the lower shaft rod can be adjusted to be inserted into the upper socket from different angles, which is flexible and convenient to meet real-time needs.

[0024] 5. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis provided by the present invention has an upper surface of an upper base inclined toward the "lower left", which better fits the top of the femur and increases the fit between the upper base and the top of the femur.

[0025] 6. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, in which four metal vertical bars are convex, and the whole is in an enclosed shape and has multiple protrusions on its outer surface. The four metal vertical bars not only play a supporting role, but also fit the inner wall of the femur more closely. When the bone grows again and heals, the multiple protrusions help to increase the holding force between the intramedullary wall of the femoral bone and the outer side of the metal vertical bars, thereby preventing the femoral stem prosthesis from loosening and sinking.

[0026] 7. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, wherein the angle between the upper shaft and the lower shaft is an obtuse angle of 127° to 130°. By selecting a rotating crank with different inclination angles to adapt to different ball-and-socket connection angles between the femoral head prosthesis and the acetabulum, dislocation of the two can be prevented.

[0027] 8. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, wherein the interval cross-section is arranged in a "cross shape" and metal vertical nets are arranged inside the two intervals located opposite to each other in the front and back. Firstly, it is convenient for the broken bones in the hollow body to leak out from the net and fully contact the inner wall of the femur. Secondly, the metal vertical bars are connected to play a reinforcing role.

[0028] 9. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis provided by the present invention has a hollow structure inside two opposite compartments on the left and right. When a secondary injury occurs and causes a fracture around the femoral stem prosthesis, a fixing steel plate is placed on the outer wall of the femur, and the fixing steel plate is attached to the fracture site and fixed by screwing in. The screws pass through the compartments on the left and right sides to reach the other side. Compared with single cortical steel plate fixation, this double cortical fixation structure is more stable, not easy to loosen or fall out, and has high safety.

[0029] 10. The present invention provides a multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, which has a hollow body arranged on the prosthesis and bone fragments placed therein, so that the bone fragments in the hollow body can heal with the femoral bone after surgery, thereby playing the role of bone grafting and healing, and preventing the prosthesis from loosening and sinking. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a stereoscopic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the AA structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the BB structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the lower shaft structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a left view of the connection structure of the upper base, the hollow body and the lower cone of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention, in which 20 is an extruded rod.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention, in which 16 is the acetabulum, 17 is the screw, 18 is the secondary fracture site, and 19 is the fixing plate.

[0037] Figure 8 7 is a common puller, and 71 is a threaded rod.

[0038] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the fixing steel plate structure of the present invention, wherein 72 is a single-cortex fixing hole and 73 is a double-cortex fixing hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0040] Example 1: Figures 1 to 5 A multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis is shown, comprising an upper base 1, a hollow body 2 arranged at the bottom of the upper base 1, and a lower cone 3 arranged at the bottom of the hollow body 2, and the whole is an "inverted" cone from top to bottom; the hollow body 2 is composed of four metal vertical bars 21 and a metal vertical mesh 22, the tops of the four metal vertical bars 21 are fixed to the bottom edge of the upper base 1, and the bottoms are fixed to the top edge of the lower cone 3; broken bone pieces 6 are placed in the hollow body 2; a vertical gap 23 is provided between two adjacent metal vertical bars 21, and a metal vertical mesh 22 is provided inside the gap 23.

[0041] The upper base 1 is penetrated by a socket 4 from top to bottom, and the socket 4 is formed by connecting an upper socket 41 and a lower socket 42. The aperture of the upper socket 41 is larger than the aperture of the lower socket 42, that is, an annular support platform 43 is formed at the connection between the upper socket 41 and the lower socket 42; the inner side of the upper socket 41 is provided with a plurality of slots 45 from top to bottom; the upper base 1 is a hollow structure and a rotating crank 11 is inserted at the top, and a femoral head prosthesis 12 is provided on the top of the rotating crank 11; the rotating crank 11 is formed by connecting an upper shaft rod 13 and a lower shaft rod 14 in an integral manner, and the upper shaft rod 1 The top of the upper base 1 is fixed to the bottom of the femoral head prosthesis 12, and the outer side of the lower shaft 14 is provided with multiple protrusions 15 matching the slot 45 from top to bottom; the upper surface of the upper base 1 is inclined to the "lower left", the four metal vertical bars 21 are convex, the whole is enclosed and the outer surface is provided with multiple protrusions 26; the lower plug hole 42 is connected to the hollow body 2; the angle between the upper shaft 13 and the lower shaft 14 is an obtuse angle: 127° to 130°; the femoral head prosthesis 12 matches the acetabulum and is in a ball-and-socket connection; the cross section of the interval 23 is "cross-shaped" A metal vertical mesh 22 is provided inside two spacers 23 arranged and located opposite to each other in the front and back, and the inside of the two spacers 23 opposite to each other in the left and right is a hollow structure; when the broken bone pieces 6 are placed into the hollow body 2 from the spacers 23 and the metal vertical mesh 22, the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the bone marrow cavity, and at the same time, the squeezing rod 20 is used to pass from the top of the insertion hole 4 into the hollow body 2 and inserted into the broken bone pieces 6, so that the broken bone pieces 6 are pushed around.

[0042] The use of the present invention is as follows:

[0043] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 As shown, after the femoral medullary cavity is expanded, the bone fragments 6 are first placed into the hollow body 2 through the spacer 23 and the metal vertical mesh 22, the puller 7 is connected to the femoral stem prosthesis to form a whole, the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the femoral medullary cavity to a suitable position for close matching and clamping, and then the puller 7 is screwed out of the femoral stem prosthesis, and at the same time, the squeezing rod 20 is used to pass from the top of the insertion hole 4 into the hollow body 2 and inserted into the bone fragments 6, so that the bone fragments 6 are pushed and compacted around, so that they are fully in contact with the inner wall of the femur, which is conducive to bone healing; then the rotating crank 11 is inserted, and the insertion angle is adjusted to meet the requirements of the connection angle between the entire femoral stem prosthesis and the acetabulum 16 ball socket.

[0044] Example 2: Figure 8 As shown, the fixing steel plate 19 adopts a "cobra-shaped" semi-arc structure, with single cortical fixing holes 72 symmetrically arranged on both side wings, and a plurality of double cortical fixing holes 73 arranged from top to bottom in the middle portion. The overall structure is arc-shaped and fits the fracture site. The double cortical fixing holes 73 are used for fixing, so that the overall structure is stable and not easy to loosen or fall out, thereby improving safety. At the same time, two single cortical fixing holes 72 are added for fixing, so as to further improve the safety and stability of the overall structure.

[0045] Example 3: Fig. 9 As shown, an internal thread is provided on the inner wall of the lower insertion hole 42. When the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the bone, it is inserted into the bone marrow cavity by using a puller 7. When the angle of the femoral stem prosthesis deviates or the position is misaligned, the femoral stem prosthesis is pulled out by using the puller 7, that is, the threaded rod 71 is first screwed into the lower insertion hole 42, and then the femoral stem prosthesis is pulled out by the handle.

Claims

1. A multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper base (1), a hollow body (2) arranged at the bottom of the upper base (1), and a lower cone (3) arranged at the bottom of the hollow body (2), and the whole is an "inverted" cone from top to bottom; the hollow body (2) is composed of four metal vertical bars (21) and a metal vertical net (22), the tops of the four metal vertical bars (21) are fixed to the bottom edge of the upper base (1), and the bottoms are fixed to the top edge of the lower cone (3), and the hollow body (2) contains broken bone pieces (6); a vertical spacer (23) is provided between two adjacent metal vertical bars (21), and a metal vertical net (22) is provided inside the spacer (23), and the cross section of the spacer (23) is "cross-shaped". A metal vertical mesh (22) is provided inside two compartments (23) arranged and located opposite to each other in the front and back directions. The interior of the two compartments (23) opposite to each other in the left and right directions is a hollow structure. A plug hole (4) passes through the upper base (1) from top to bottom. The plug hole (4) is formed by connecting an upper plug hole (41) and a lower plug hole (42). The aperture of the upper plug hole (41) is larger than the aperture of the lower plug hole (42), that is, an annular support platform (43) is formed at the connection between the upper plug hole (41) and the lower plug hole (42).

2. A multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the upper plug hole (41) is provided with a plurality of slots (45) from top to bottom; the upper base (1) is a hollow structure and a rotating crank (11) is inserted at the top end, a femoral head prosthesis (12) is provided at the top of the rotating crank (11), the rotating crank (11) is formed by an upper shaft rod (13) and a lower shaft rod (14) connected in an integral manner, the top of the upper shaft rod (13) is fixed to the bottom of the femoral head prosthesis (12), and the outer side surface of the lower shaft rod (14) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (15) matching the slots (45) from top to bottom.

3. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the upper base (1) is inclined toward the "lower left".

4. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four metal vertical bars (21) are convex outwardly shaped, forming an enclosed shape as a whole, and the outer surface thereof is provided with multiple protrusions (26).

5. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower plug hole (42) is in communication with the hollow body (2).

6. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the upper shaft rod (13) and the lower shaft rod (14) is an obtuse angle of 127° to 130°.

7. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The femoral head prosthesis (12) matches the acetabulum (16) and is in a ball-and-socket connection.

8. The multifunctional femoral stem prosthesis according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the bone fragments (6) are placed in the hollow body (2), the femoral stem prosthesis is inserted into the femoral medullary cavity, and at the same time, a squeezing rod (20) is passed from above the insertion hole (4) into the hollow body (2) and inserted into the bone fragments (6), so that the bone fragments (6) are pushed and compacted in all directions.

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