Harvester for harvesting fresh corn

Abstract

The present invention relates to a harvester for harvesting corn for fresh consumption, comprising a header device, a conveying device, a peeling and impurity removal device, an ear collecting device and an intermediate conveying device. A connecting hole is provided at a side plate of the intermediate conveying device near the main shaft of the intermediate conveying device, and the connecting hole is used for connecting the intermediate conveying device with the peeling and impurity removal device; a conveyor belt is connected between the main shaft of the intermediate conveying device and the secondary shaft of the intermediate conveying device; a U-shaped guide plate connected with the ear collecting device is provided at the tail outlet of the intermediate conveying device. A small side plate is connected to the front end of the top of the peeling device; when the harvest object is grain corn, the ear guide plate is connected through the small side plate. When the harvest object is fresh corn, the intermediate conveying device is connected to the small side plate at the top of the peeling device through the connecting hole. By quickly exchanging the ear pressing device with the intermediate conveying device, one machine can be used for multiple purposes, and fresh corn can be harvested, and some parts can also be quickly replaced for harvesting grain corn.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to agricultural machinery and equipment, in particular to a harvester that can also harvest fresh corn. Background Art

[0002] Corn is the largest grain crop in my country and the highest-yielding grain crop in the world. Based on its use, corn can be divided into grain corn, silage corn and fresh corn. The planting area of ​​fresh sweet and sticky corn accounts for 10% of the total corn planting area. At present, the harvesting of fresh corn is mainly done manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Some use ordinary grain corn harvesters to harvest, but the grains at the junction of the corn cob and the ear stalk will be damaged, making the corn cob easy to deteriorate and difficult to preserve. Moreover, when sold as a commodity, the appearance is greatly reduced, affecting farmers' income. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a harvester for harvesting fresh corn, so as to achieve the purpose of not only harvesting fresh corn but also quickly replacing some parts for harvesting corn for grain.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A harvester for harvesting fresh corn, comprising a cutting table device, a conveying device, a peeling and impurity removing device and an ear collecting device, characterized in that: it also comprises an intermediate conveying device connected to the peeling and impurity removing device, the intermediate conveying device comprises a square hole protection net, an intermediate conveying device main shaft, an intermediate conveying device secondary shaft, a conveyor belt and two side panels; the square hole protection net is installed on the top of the two side panels, the intermediate conveying device main shaft and the intermediate conveying device secondary shaft are respectively installed between the front end and the rear end of the side panels, the side panels are provided with connecting holes near the intermediate conveying device main shaft, the connecting holes are used for connecting the intermediate conveying device with the peeling and impurity removing device; the conveyor belt is connected between the intermediate conveying device main shaft and the intermediate conveying device secondary shaft; a U-shaped guide plate connected with the ear collecting device is provided at the tail outlet of the intermediate conveying device;

[0006] The peeling and impurity removing device comprises an ear pressing device, a peeling device, a swinging screen, a fan and a grain collecting device; the swinging screen is installed below the peeling device, the fan is installed below the swinging screen, and the grain collecting device is installed below the swinging screen; the front end of the top of the peeling device is connected to a small side plate;

[0007] When the harvested object is grain corn, the ear pressing assembly is connected through the small side plate, and the front end of the ear pressing device is provided with an ear guide plate, which is connected to the small side plate; a plurality of groups of ear pressing assemblies are arranged laterally behind the ear guide plate, and the ear pressing assemblies are connected to the large side plate, and the large side plate is connected to the peeling device;

[0008] When the harvested object is fresh corn, the middle conveying device is connected to the small side plate on the top of the peeling device through the connecting hole.

[0009] Furthermore, raised limit strips are respectively arranged on the inner side of the conveyor belt of the intermediate conveying device near the two edges, and limit grooves are circumferentially arranged at positions corresponding to the limit strips on the main shaft of the intermediate conveying device, and a number of partitions evenly spaced are installed on the conveyor belt.

[0010] Furthermore, a tensioning mechanism is provided at the secondary shaft of the intermediate conveying device, and the tensioning mechanism includes a movable U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate, an adjustable screw, an adjusting nut, and a limiting angle iron and a lifting lug welded on the side plate; the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate is slidingly connected to the side plate so that the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate can move forward and backward along the side plate, and the two lifting lugs are respectively connected to the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate, and an adjustable screw is passed between the two lifting lugs. An adjusting nut is provided at the connection between the adjustable screw and any one of the lifting lugs, and the limiting angle iron is welded and fixed to the surface of the side plate above the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, two guard plates are installed on the inner sides of the two side plates of the intermediate conveying device for guidance to prevent the corn ears from getting stuck in the gap between the conveyor belt and the two side plates.

[0012] Furthermore, the large side plate of the ear pressing device is connected to the peeling device by four threaded adjustment rods.

[0013] Furthermore, the harvesting table device includes a feeding part, an ear picking part and a clamping device; the ear picking part is behind the feeding part, and the ear picking part includes a low-position ear picking roller and a high-position ear picking roller which are symmetrically arranged and relatively rotated; the clamping device is composed of a high-position rigid clamping plate and a low-position flexible clamping plate, which are respectively arranged above the high-position ear picking roller and the low-position ear picking roller; the high-position rigid clamping plate is a sheet metal part formed by an arc-shaped part and a straight surface part, and a chamfer is arranged at the front end; the low-position flexible clamping plate is a rubber part, and a chamfer is also arranged at the front end.

[0014] Furthermore, four equidistant long holes are provided near the outer edge of the low-position flexible clamping plate, and the installation position of the low-position flexible clamping plate can be adjusted along the direction of the long holes to adjust the gap between the low-position flexible clamping plate and the high-position rigid clamping plate.

[0015] Furthermore, a U-shaped notch is provided on the upper part of the collecting box near the peeling and impurity removing device, which is connected with the intermediate conveying device or the discharge port of the peeling and impurity removing device, and an upwardly inclined guide tongue is provided on the bottom edge of the U-shaped notch.

[0016] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a primary conveying device and a secondary conveying device, the primary conveying device and the secondary conveying device are hinged by a pin shaft, the primary conveying device is fixedly connected to the cutting table device by a connecting ear; the secondary conveying device is hinged to one end of the connecting rod near the tail part, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the conveying device connecting seat, and the conveying device connecting seat 333 is fixedly connected to the peeling and impurity removing device frame.

[0017] Furthermore, an inclined connecting plate is arranged at the upper edge of the primary conveying device to form a trumpet shape; a tensioning mechanism is arranged at the tail of the secondary conveying device, and an angle-adjustable guide shield is also arranged at the tail of the secondary conveying device, and the guide shield is welded by a section of arc plate and two side plates with long circular holes.

[0018] The invention provides a new type of harvester for harvesting fresh corn. By quickly exchanging the ear pressing device with the intermediate conveying device, one machine can be used for multiple purposes. It can not only harvest fresh corn, but also quickly replace some parts and adjust some parts parameters to harvest corn for grains, fully extending the use frequency of the machine, maximizing the benefits of the machine, saving costs and increasing efficiency. It has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation and low damage rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the whole machine structure.

[0020] Figure 3 and Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the header device.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the conveying device structure.

[0022] Figure 6 and 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the peeling and impurity removing device.

[0023] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate conveying device.

[0024] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the ear collecting device.

[0025] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the whole machine transmission.

[0026] In the figure, 1-the whole machine frame, 2-the header device, 3-the conveying device, 4-the peeling and impurity removing device, 5-the intermediate conveying device, 6-the ear collecting device, 11-the concave frame, 153-the machine steering wheel,

[0027] 21-feeding parts, 22-ear picking parts, 23-crushing parts, 27-cutting platform, 211-adjusting plate, 223-low ear picking roller, 224-high ear picking roller, 229-guide plate, 2311-straight knife, 2312-L-shaped curved knife, 241-high rigid clamping plate, 242-low external flexible clamping plate,

[0028] 31-primary conveying device, 32-secondary conveying device, 311-connecting ear, 312-inclined connecting plate, 313-tensioning sprocket seat, 321-guide shield, 3211-arc plate, 3212-side plate with long circular holes, 322-tensioning mechanism, 331-driving shaft of conveying device, 332-connecting rod, 333-connecting seat, 334-passive shaft of conveying device, 335-scraper, 336-rubber plate, 337-main sprocket of conveying device,

[0029] 41-ear pressing device, 42-peeling device, 43-swinging screen, 44-blower, 45-grain collecting device, 46-peeling and impurity removing device frame, 411-ear guide plate, 412-large side plate, 413-small side plate, 414-ear pressing assembly, 415-ear throwing plate, 4145-star wheel, 4161-threaded adjustment rod, 4162-nut, 421-peeling roller, 422-peeling device frame, 423-spindle baffle, 4211-spiral roller, 4212-grain roller, 4213-handled bearing, 4214-compression spring, 4215-fixed bearing, 431-screen, 432-serrated plate, 433-swing arm, 434-U-shaped counterweight main shaft, 435-connecting rod swing arm, 436-connecting rod, 4361-semi-connecting rod, 4362-U-shaped plate, 437-pulley, 4371-belt, 438-baffle, 441-fan main shaft, 442-fan housing, 4421-fixed side plate, 4422-movable side plate, 4423-fan baffle, 443-blade assembly, 4431-L-shaped blade, 4432-L-shaped blade frame, 451-front plate, 452-straight rear plate, 453-straight bottom plate, 454-inverted boot-type straight side plate, 455-valve, 456-small square part,

[0030] 510-square hole protection net, 511-conveyor belt, 512-partition, 513-limiting strip, 514-groove, 551-intermediate conveyor device main shaft, 552-main shaft sprocket, 515-intermediate conveyor device secondary shaft, 516-side plate, 517-reinforced connecting pipe, 518-intermediate conveyor device lifting ear, 519-connecting hole, 521-U-type bearing seat connecting plate, 522-adjustable screw, 523-adjusting nut, 524-limiting angle iron, 525-lifting ear, 526-U-type guide plate, 527-guard plate,

[0031] 61- spike box support arm, 62- lifting cylinder, 63- spike box, 611- front spike box support arm, 612- rear spike box support arm, 613- inclined tie bar, 6212- inclined pull tube, 6213- connecting ear, 6214- rotating sleeve, 6215- U-shaped seat, 631- spike box frame, 632- extended guide plate, 633- mesh plate, 634- guide tongue, 635- spike box rear plate, 636- U-shaped notch,

[0032] 12-engine, 121-right output shaft of the engine, 122-left output shaft of the engine, 123-cooling fan, 131-transmission box of the gear shift mechanism of the walking part, 132-main drive wheel, 133-drive box of the auxiliary drive wheel, 134-auxiliary drive wheel, 261-main transmission shaft, 262-intermediate shaft, 4241-transmission box of the peeling and impurity removal device, 2621-right shaft of the cutting platform, 2622-left shaft of the cutting platform, 231-main shaft of the crushing component, 221- Ear picking box on the right side of the cutting platform, 222-ear picking box on the left side of the cutting platform, 225-right outer feeding component, 226-middle feeding component transmission box, 227-right inner feeding component, 228-left inner feeding component, 437-pulley driving the swing screen, 4242-main shaft of the peeling device, 4141-the first shaft of the ear pressing device, 4142-the second shaft of the ear pressing device, 4143-the third shaft of the ear pressing device, 4144-ear throwing plate shaft, 4243-auxiliary shaft of the peeling device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention provides a row harvester for harvesting both fresh corn and corn, comprising a harvesting table device 2, a conveying device 3, a peeling and impurity removing device 4, an ear collecting device 6, and an intermediate conveying device 5.

[0034] Heading device 2

[0035] The harvesting device 2 includes a feeding component 21, an ear picking component 22, a crushing component 23 and other auxiliary components.

[0036] The front end of the harvesting platform device 2 is a feeding component 21. In order to adapt to corn plants planted within a certain row spacing, the feeding component 21 can adjust the opening angle of the feeding component 21 through an adjusting plate 211. Corn plants within the opening angle range can be forced to be fed, thereby achieving non-row harvesting.

[0037] The ear picking component 22 is located at the rear and lower part of the feeding component 21, and the ear picking component 22 includes a low-position ear picking roller 223 and a high-position ear picking roller 224 that are symmetrically arranged and relatively rotated. Specifically, a left low-position ear picking roller 223 and a left high-position ear picking roller 224 are arranged on the left side of the ear picking component 22, and a right low-position ear picking roller 223 and a right high-position ear picking roller 224 are arranged on the right side of the ear picking component 22. The low-position ear picking roller 223 and the high-position ear picking roller 224 are arranged in high and low space, and the side low-position ear picking roller 223 is close to the inside, and the high-position ear picking roller 224 is close to the outside, which can help the corn ears to gather inward due to gravity after falling and enter the conveying device 3. In order to allow the corn plants to reliably enter between the side low-position ear picking roller 223 and the high-position ear picking roller 224, fixed guide plates 229 are provided at the front ends of the low-position ear picking roller 223 and the high-position ear picking roller 224. The guide plates 229 are made of bent and welded steel plates, with a small top end and a large bottom end.

[0038] During the harvesting process of fresh corn, a clamping device is set up to assist the work in order to reduce damage to the tail of the corn cob.

[0039] The clamping device consists of a high-position rigid clamping plate 241 and a low-position flexible clamping plate 242, which are respectively arranged above the high-position ear picking roller 224 and the low-position ear picking roller 223; the high-position rigid clamping plate 241 and the low-position flexible clamping plate 242 are respectively rigidly connected to the cutting platform frame 27.

[0040] The high-position rigid clamping plate 241 is a sheet metal part formed by an arc portion and a straight surface portion, with a chamfer at the front end for guiding purposes, and four equidistant circular holes near the outer edge for easy fixing. The low-position flexible clamping plate 242 is a rubber part of a certain thickness, with a chamfer at the front end for guiding purposes, and four equidistant long holes near the outer edge. The installation position of the low-position flexible clamping plate 242 can be adjusted along the direction of the long holes to adjust the gap between the low-position flexible clamping plate 242 and the high-position rigid clamping plate 241.

[0041] When the corn plant enters between the clamping devices, the ear picking component 22 pulls the corn stalk downward. When it moves to the node between the corn stalk and the corn cob, the clamping device prevents the corn cob from continuing to move downward. The corn cob handle breaks under the action of the pulling force, and the ear picking operation is completed. By reasonably adjusting the gap between the high-position clamping rigid holding plate 241 and the low-position flexible clamping plate 242, it can be ensured that the root of the corn cob can be damped by the clamping device and broken near the node. Due to the action of the low-position flexible clamping plate 242, the kernels at the root of the corn cob are kept intact.

[0042] The crushing part 23 is located at the rear and lower part of the ear picking part 22. The crushing part 23 includes a swinging knife group with a spiral distribution on the circumference, which ensures that the swinging knife group covers the entire working width when rotating, and there is no blind area for crushing. The swinging knife group is in an articulated state, and each swinging knife group consists of a straight knife 2311 and two symmetrical L-shaped curved knives 2312, and all have serrated edges to ensure the efficiency and effect of chopping.

[0043] Conveying device 3

[0044] The conveying device 3 is mainly used to transport the corn ears obtained after the operation of the various components of the cutting table device 2 from the middle and rear part of the cutting table device 2 to the working parts at the rear and lower part of the conveying device 3. The conveying device 3 includes a primary conveying device 31 and a secondary conveying device 32. The primary conveying device 31 and the secondary conveying device 32 are hinged by a pin shaft. The primary conveying device 31 is fixedly connected to the cutting table device 2 through a connecting ear 311. A tensioning sprocket seat 313 is arranged above the connecting ear 311. The secondary conveying device 32 is hinged to one end of a connecting rod 332 near the tail portion, and the other end of the connecting rod 332 is hinged to a conveying device connecting seat 333. Finally, the conveying device connecting seat 333 is fixedly connected to the peeling and impurity removing device frame 46 to form a four-bar linkage movement mechanism. The entire conveying device 3 can be moved with the lifting of the cutting table device 2.

[0045] The first-stage conveying device 31 is relatively short, and an inclined connecting plate 312 is arranged above it, so that the upper opening of the first-stage conveying device 31 forms a trumpet shape to prevent the collected corn cobs from falling. The second-stage conveying device 32 is relatively long and has a large inclination angle. A tensioning mechanism 322 is arranged at the tail to ensure that the conveying chain always remains in a tensioned state. In addition, an adjustable angle guide shield 321 is also arranged at the tail of the second-stage conveying device 32. The guide shield 321 is welded by a section of arc plate 3211 and two side plates 3212 with arc long holes. After adjusting the guide shield 321 to a suitable angle, it can ensure that the corn cobs are thrown from the tail of the second-stage conveying device 32 and fall to the front part of the peeling and impurity removal device 4, which is conducive to extending the working length of the subsequent peeling operation and ensuring the peeling quality.

[0046] The conveying device also includes a conveying device driving shaft 331 and a conveying device driven shaft 334. A conveying chain 334 is wrapped between the conveying device driving shaft 331 and the conveying device driven shaft 334. A plurality of scrapers 335 are evenly connected to the conveying chain 334. Each scraper is connected to a rubber plate 336 to protect the corn cobs from being damaged. A conveying device main sprocket 337 is provided at one end of the conveying device driving shaft 331.

[0047] Peeling and impurity removal device 4

[0048] The dehusking and impurity removing device 4 comprises an ear pressing device 41, a dehusking device 42, a swing screen 43, a fan 44, a grain collecting device 45 and a dehusking and impurity removing device frame 46. The ear pressing device 41 is located at the top, the dehusking device 42 is fixedly installed below the ear pressing device 41, the swing screen 43 is installed below the dehusking device 42, the fan 44 is installed behind and below the swing screen 43, and the grain collecting device 45 is installed below the swing screen 43.

[0049] The front end of the top of the peeling device 42 is connected to the small side plate 413; the front of the ear pressing device 41 is equipped with an ear guide plate 411, which is connected to the small side plate 413, and three groups of ear pressing components 414 are installed horizontally behind the ear guide plate 411, and the ear pressing components 414 are connected to the large side plate 412. The ear pressing components 414 are equipped with star wheels 4145 arranged equidistantly, and the three groups of ear pressing components 414 are staggered in the front and rear directions. The ear removing plate 415 is installed behind the ear pressing component 414, which is used to forcibly remove the corn ears behind the peeling device 42 to prevent the corn ears from being blocked. The large side plate 412 of the ear pressing device 41 is connected to the peeling device 42 by four threaded adjustment rods 4161, and the threaded adjustment rods 4161 are equipped with nuts 4162. The distance between the ear pressing device 41 and the peeling device 42 can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the nuts 4162 on the threaded adjustment rods 4161. The working spacing of the ear pressing device can be adjusted according to the size of the corn cob to ensure the operating effect.

[0050] If fresh corn is harvested, the ear pressing device 41 is removed, and only the small side plate 413 and the accessories thereon are retained, and then the intermediate conveying device 5 is connected to the small side plate 413.

[0051] A spindle baffle 423 is installed at the front of the peeling device 42 to prevent impurities from entering the transmission parts. Four pairs of spiral rollers 4211 and particle rollers 4212 are longitudinally installed in the peeling device 42 and connected to the peeling device frame 422. The spiral rollers 4211 have the functions of conveying and friction peeling, and the particle rollers 4212 are mainly used for peeling. When the spiral rollers 4211 and the particle rollers 4212 are working, they rotate inward and downward relative to each other. After the bracts fall off, they are clamped to the bottom by the spiral rollers 4211 and the particle rollers 4212. Each pair of spiral rollers 4211 and particle rollers 4212 are installed symmetrically, and the two middle ones are arranged as spiral rollers 4211, which are installed on the fixed bearing 4215, and there are two particle rollers 4212 on both sides. A compression spring 4214 is installed between the ends of the handle bearings 4213 of the two particle rollers 4212. The compression length of the compression spring 4214 is adjustable, so as to adjust the tension force, ensuring that each pair of spiral rollers 4211 and particle rollers 4212 maintain contact with the corn cobs during operation to achieve the peeling effect, and also has an overload protection function.

[0052] A baffle 438 is installed at the front end of the swing screen 43, and the screen surface is a screen 431 with square holes. A plurality of serrated plates 432 are arranged vertically above the screen 431. The serrated shape is inclined toward the baffle 438, which has the function of transporting impurities such as bracts toward the outlet. The rear end of the swing screen 43 is hinged to the swing arm 433, and the swing arm 433 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped counterweight main shaft 434, and the center line of the swing arm 433 forms a 170° angle with the plane where the U-shaped counterweight main shaft 434 is located. The connecting rod swing arm 435 is also fixedly connected to the U-shaped counterweight main shaft 434, and the connecting rod swing arm 435 forms a 97° angle with the center line of the swing arm 433 and the plane where the U-shaped counterweight main shaft 434 is located. The connecting rod swing arm 435 is hinged to the connecting rod 436, and the connecting rod 436 is hinged to the eccentric position of the pulley 437. The pulley 437 is installed on the peeling and impurity removal device frame 46, so that a crank connecting rod mechanism is formed, and the swing screen 43 can swing within a certain range. In order to facilitate the replacement of the belt 4371, the connecting rod 436 is a split design, consisting of two half connecting rods 4361 and a U-shaped plate 4362.

[0053] The fan housing 442 is in the shape of "6", and a protective net is provided at the air outlet. One side of the fan housing 442 is a fixed side panel 4421, which is welded to the fan housing 442, and the other side is a movable side panel 4422. The blade assembly 443 is installed inside the fan housing 442. There are 4 L-shaped blades 4431 evenly distributed around the circumference of the blade assembly 443. In order to increase the rigidity of the blades, a U-shaped groove is added to the L-shaped blades. Every two adjacent L-shaped blades 4431 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the L-shaped blades 4431 are connected to the fan main shaft 441 through an L-shaped blade frame 4432. In order to adjust the air volume, the fixed side panel 4421 and the movable side panel 4422 are both connected with a fan baffle 4423. A long arc hole for adjusting the angle is provided on the fan baffle 4423 to adjust the opening and closing size of the air inlet.

[0054] The main body of the grain collecting device 45 is in the shape of an inverted shoe, plus a small cubic part 456, which is provided with a front plate 451 with an inclined surface, a straight rear plate 452, a straight bottom plate 453 and two inverted shoe-type straight side plates 454, which surround each other to form the grain collecting device 45. The small cubic part 456 is provided with an outlet. During operation, the grains slide down the inclined front plate 451 and finally gather on the straight bottom plate 453. A valve 455 is provided at the outlet of the small cubic shape 456. The valve 455 is hinged to the outlet of the small cubic shape 456. The valve 455 can be opened and closed to obtain the corn grains in the grain collecting device 45.

[0055] Intermediate conveying device 5

[0056] The intermediate conveying device 5 is mainly provided for harvesting fresh corn. After passing through the conveying device 3 , the fresh corn ears are not peeled but directly enter the intermediate conveying device 5 , and are collected to the ear collecting device 6 after passing through the intermediate conveying device 5 .

[0057] The intermediate conveying device 5 includes a square hole protection net 510, an intermediate conveying device main shaft 551, an intermediate conveying device secondary shaft 515, a conveyor belt 511 and two side panels 516; the square hole protection net 510 is installed on the top of the two side panels 516, and the intermediate conveying device main shaft 551 and the intermediate conveying device secondary shaft 515 are respectively installed between the front end and the rear end of the side panels 516, and the side panels 516 are provided with a connecting hole 519 near the intermediate conveying device main shaft 551, and the connecting hole is used for connecting the intermediate conveying device 5 with the peeling and impurity removing device 4; the conveyor belt 511 is connected between the intermediate conveying device main shaft 551 and the intermediate conveying device secondary shaft 515; a U-shaped guide plate 526 connected with the ear gathering device is provided at the tail outlet of the intermediate conveying device, and the U-shaped guide plate 526 is connected with the U-shaped notch 636 of the ear gathering device.

[0058] Two reinforced connecting pipes 517 are arranged inside the side plate 516, and two intermediate conveying device lifting ears 518 are arranged in the diagonal direction of the side plate 516 to facilitate loading and unloading.

[0059] An intermediate conveyor main shaft sprocket 552 is provided at one end of the intermediate conveyor main shaft 551. The conveyor belt 511 is a PVC belt with a function of preventing deviation. The inner side of the conveyor belt 511 is provided with raised limit strips 513 near both edges. The intermediate conveyor main shaft is provided with a limit groove 514 at a position corresponding to the limit strip 513. A plurality of partitions 512 evenly spaced are installed on the conveyor belt 511.

[0060] A tensioning mechanism 52 is arranged at the secondary shaft 515 of the intermediate conveying device, and the tensioning mechanism 52 includes a movable U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate 521, an adjustable screw 522, an adjusting nut 523, and a limiting angle iron 524 and a lifting lug 525 welded to the side plate 516; the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate 521 is slidably connected to the side plate 516 so that the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate (521) can move forward and backward along the side plate, and the two lifting lugs 525 are respectively connected to the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate 521, and an adjustable screw 522 is passed between the two lifting lugs. An adjusting nut 523 is arranged at the connection between the adjustable screw 522 and any one of the lifting lugs 525, and the limiting angle iron 524 is welded and fixed to the surface of the side plate 516 above the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate 521.

[0061] Two guard plates 527 are installed on the inner sides of the two side plates 516 of the intermediate conveying device 5 for guidance to prevent the corn ears from getting stuck in the gap between the conveying belt 511 and the two side plates 516.

[0062] Ear collecting device 6

[0063] The ear collecting device is a frame structure, which is used for collecting corn ears and has a lifting function, so as to facilitate unloading of the harvested materials.

[0064] The left side of the whole machine near the ear collecting device 6 is provided with a gantry-type ear collecting box support arm 61, the side near the peeling and impurity removing device 42 is the front ear collecting box support arm 611, and the other side is the rear ear collecting box support arm 612. The front ear collecting box support arm 611 and the rear ear collecting box support arm 612 are provided with an ear collecting box main support arm, an inclined pipe 6212, a connecting ear 6213, a rotating sleeve 6214 and a U-shaped seat 6215. In order to increase the strength, an X-shaped inclined tie bar 613 is provided inside the frame of the ear collecting box support arm.

[0065] The collecting box 63 is a box structure, and the side close to the collecting box support arm 61 is the collecting box rear plate 635, which is provided with a lifting cylinder 62. The two ends of the lifting cylinder 62 are respectively hinged to the collecting box frame 631 and the concave frame 11. The upper rear part of the collecting box 63 is hinged to the top of the collecting box support arm 61 to form a lifting triangle. As the lifting cylinder 62 is extended and retracted, the collecting box 63 can be unloaded or reset. An extended guide plate 632 is provided at the upper rear part of the collecting box 63, and a mesh plate 633 is provided on the side close to the peeling and impurity removing device 42 and the upper part of the other side corresponding to the collecting box rear plate 635, so as to facilitate the observation of the storage of materials in the collecting box 63. A U-shaped notch 636 is provided on the upper part of one side close to the peeling and impurity removing device 42, which is connected with the intermediate conveying device 5 or the discharge port of the peeling and impurity removing device 42. An upwardly inclined guide tongue 634 is provided on the bottom edge of the U-shaped notch, and the edge of the guide tongue 634 is lower than the center position of the end of the peeling roller 421, so as to ensure that the corn cobs slide smoothly into the rear ear collecting box 63.

[0066] Machine transmission

[0067] All the power of the whole machine comes from the engine 12, and the power of the engine 12 is output in three ways. Facing the forward direction, the power of the right output shaft 121 of the engine is transmitted to the main transmission shaft 261 in the form of belt drive, and one of the output power of the left output shaft 122 of the engine is transmitted to the cooling fan 123 in the form of belt drive, and the other output power is transmitted to the machine travel part shift mechanism transmission box 131 in the form of belt drive. The travel part shift mechanism transmission box 131 divides the power into two ways, one way is transmitted to the machine main drive wheel 132 in the form of gear drive, and the other way is transmitted to the auxiliary drive wheel drive box 133 in the form of gear drive, and the auxiliary drive wheel drive box transmits the power to the auxiliary drive wheel 134 in the form of gear drive.

[0068] The main transmission shaft 261 divides the power into two paths, one path is transmitted forward to the intermediate shaft 262 in the form of chain drive, and the other path is transmitted to the peeling and impurity removing device transmission box 4241 in the form of chain drive.

[0069] The intermediate shaft 262 divides the power into two paths, one path is transmitted to the right shaft 2621 of the cutting platform in the form of chain drive, and the other path is transmitted to the left shaft 2622 of the cutting platform in the form of chain drive.

[0070] The right shaft 2621 of the header divides the power into two paths, one of which is transmitted to the crushing component main shaft 231 in the form of chain drive, and the other is transmitted to the right ear picking box 221 of the header in the form of chain drive. The left shaft 2622 of the header transmits the power to the left ear picking box 222 of the header in the form of chain drive.

[0071] The right ear picking box 221 divides the power into three paths, one of which is transmitted to the right low ear picking roller 223 in the form of gear transmission, another is transmitted to the right high ear picking roller 224 in the form of gear transmission, and the third is transmitted to the right outer feeding component 225 in the form of gear. The left ear picking box 222 divides the power into four paths, one of which is transmitted to the driving shaft 331 of the conveying device in the form of chain transmission, and the other three are consistent with the transmission form of the right ear picking box 221 of the header, and are arranged symmetrically on the left and right.

[0072] The driving shaft 331 of the conveying device transmits power to the middle feeding component transmission box 226 in the form of chain transmission. The middle feeding component transmission box 226 divides the power into two paths, one path is transmitted to the right inner feeding component 227 in the form of gear transmission, and the other path is transmitted to the left inner feeding component 228 in the form of gear transmission.

[0073] The transmission box 4241 of the peeling and impurity removing device divides the power into three paths, one path is transmitted to the pulley 437 driving the swing screen in the form of belt drive, another path is transmitted to the fan main shaft 441 in the form of belt drive, and the third path is transmitted to the peeling device main shaft 4242 in the form of chain drive.

[0074] The main shaft 4242 of the peeling device divides the power into three paths, one of which is transmitted to the main shaft 551 of the intermediate conveying device or the first shaft 4141 of the ear pressing device in the form of chain transmission, and the other two are transmitted to the two secondary shafts 4243 of the peeling device in the form of gear transmission. The spiral roller 4211 and the particle roller 4212 in each set of peeling rollers 421 are used to transmit power through gear transmission. The second shaft 4142 of the ear pressing device, the third shaft 4143 of the ear pressing device and the ear throwing plate shaft 4144 in the ear pressing device are used to transmit power in sequence through chain transmission.

[0075] During operation, the whole machine moves forward along the longitudinal arrangement direction of the crops, and the cutting table device 2 located at the front of the unit acts on it. The upright crops are forced to be fed to the ear picking part 22 under the action of the front feeding part 21. The ear picking part 22 is located below the feeding part 21. Under the action of the ear picking part 22, the root of the corn cob is forced to be broken and separated from the corn stalk, and then falls and is transported to the conveying device 3, while the corn stalk is clamped and falls to the ground. Under the action of the crushing part 23 located below the ear picking part 22, the corn stalk is chopped and laid on the ground, and the corn cob continues to move backward under the action of the conveying device 3. The conveying device 3 is located above and behind the cutting table device 2 and to the right of the machine steering wheel 151, and is installed at an angle to the horizontal plane. If the harvested object is fresh corn, the corn cob is transported to the upper rear of the conveying device 3 and falls into the intermediate conveying device 5, and then falls into the ear collecting device 6 located at the rear and lower part of the intermediate conveying device 5 after the action of the intermediate conveying device 5; if the harvested object is corn for grain, the corn cob is transported to the peeling and impurity removal device 4 located at the rear and lower part of the conveying device 3, and the husks wrapping the kernels outside the corn cob fall off under the joint action of the ear pressing device 41 and the peeling device 42, and the husks are clamped to the working surface of the swing screen 43 below the peeling device. At this time, the husks are mixed with lost kernels. Under the joint action of the swing screen 43 and the fan 44 below and behind it, the husks and other coarse and light impurities are thrown out of the unit, and the corn kernels pass through the sieve holes and fall into the kernel collecting device 45 below. The peeled corn cobs continue to move backward, and finally fall into the ear collecting device 6 behind the peeling and impurity removal device 4, completing the harvesting operation.

Claims

1. A corn harvester for harvesting corn for fresh consumption, comprising a harvesting table device (2), a conveying device (3), a husking and impurity removal device (4) and an ear collecting device (6), characterized in that: It also includes an intermediate conveying device (5) connected to the peeling and impurity removing device (4), the intermediate conveying device (5) including a square hole protection net (510), an intermediate conveying device main shaft (551), an intermediate conveying device secondary shaft (515), a conveyor belt (511) and two side plates (516); the square hole protection net (510) is installed on the top of the two side plates (516), the intermediate conveying device main shaft (551) and the intermediate conveying device secondary shaft (515) are respectively installed between the front end and the rear end of the side plates (516), and the side plates (516) are provided with a connecting hole (519) near the intermediate conveying device main shaft (551), and the connecting hole (519) is used for connecting the intermediate conveying device (5) with the peeling and impurity removing device (4); the conveyor belt (511) is connected between the intermediate conveying device main shaft (551) and the intermediate conveying device secondary shaft (515); a U-shaped guide plate (526) connected with the ear gathering device (6) is provided at the tail outlet of the intermediate conveying device (5); The peeling and impurity removing device (4) comprises an ear pressing device (41), a peeling device (42), a swinging screen (43), a fan (44) and a grain collecting device (45); the swinging screen (43) is installed below the peeling device (42), the fan (44) is installed below the rear of the swinging screen (43), and the grain collecting device (45) is installed below the swinging screen (43); the top front end of the peeling device (42) is connected to a small side plate (413); When the harvested object is grain corn, the ear pressing assembly (414) of the ear pressing device (41) is connected via the small side plate (413); the ear pressing device (41) is provided with an ear guide plate (411) at the front end, and the ear guide plate (411) is connected to the small side plate (413); a plurality of groups of ear pressing assemblies (414) are arranged laterally behind the ear guide plate (411), the ear pressing assemblies (414) are connected to the large side plate (412), and the large side plate (412) is connected to the peeling device (42); When the harvested object is fresh corn, the intermediate conveying device (5) is connected to the small side plate (413) at the top of the peeling device (42) through the connecting hole (519); The inner side of the conveyor belt of the intermediate conveyor device (5) is provided with raised limit strips (513) near both edges, and a limit groove (514) is provided on the main shaft (551) of the intermediate conveyor device at a position corresponding to the limit strips (513) on the circumference, and a plurality of partitions (512) evenly spaced are installed on the conveyor belt (511); A tensioning mechanism is provided at the secondary shaft (515) of the intermediate conveying device, and the tensioning mechanism comprises a movable U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate (521), an adjustable screw (522), an adjusting nut (523), and a limiting angle iron (524) and a lifting lug (525) welded to the side plate (516); the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate (521) is slidably connected to the side plate (516) so that the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate (521) can move forward and backward along the side plate; two lifting lugs (525) are respectively connected to the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate (521); an adjustable screw (522) is passed through the two lifting lugs (525); an adjusting nut (523) is provided at the connection between the adjustable screw (522) and any one of the lifting lugs (525); and the limiting angle iron (524) is welded and fixed to the surface of the side plate (516) above the U-shaped bearing seat connecting plate (521); Two guard plates (527) are installed inside the two side plates (516) of the middle conveying device (5) for guidance, so as to prevent the corn ears from getting stuck in the gap between the conveyor belt (511) and the two side plates (516); The large side plate (412) of the ear pressing device (41) is connected to the peeling device (42) by four threaded adjustment rods (4161).

2. The harvester for harvesting fresh corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting table device comprises a feeding component (21), an ear picking component (22) and a clamping device; the ear picking component (22) is located behind the feeding component (21), and the ear picking component (22) comprises a low-position ear picking roller (223) and a high-position ear picking roller (224) which are symmetrically arranged and relatively rotatable; the clamping device consists of a high-position rigid clamping plate (241) and a low-position flexible clamping plate (242), which are arranged above the high-position ear picking roller (224) and the low-position ear picking roller (223), respectively; the high-position rigid clamping plate (241) is a sheet metal part formed by an arc portion and a straight surface portion, and a chamfer is arranged at the front end; the low-position flexible clamping plate (242) is a rubber part, and a chamfer is also arranged at the front end.

3. The harvester for harvesting fresh corn according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four equidistant long holes are provided near the outer edge of the low-position flexible clamping plate (242), and the installation position of the low-position flexible clamping plate (242) can be adjusted along the direction of the long holes to adjust the gap between the low-position flexible clamping plate (242) and the high-position rigid clamping plate (241).

4. The harvester for harvesting corn for fresh consumption according to claim 1, characterized in that: A U-shaped notch (636) is provided on the upper portion of the side of the gathering device (6) close to the peeling and impurity removing device (4) and connected to the discharge port of the intermediate conveying device (5) or the peeling and impurity removing device (4). An upwardly inclined guide tongue (634) is provided on the bottom edge of the U-shaped notch (636).

5. The harvester for harvesting fresh corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises a primary conveying device (31) and a secondary conveying device (32), wherein the primary conveying device (31) and the secondary conveying device (32) are hinged via a pin shaft, and the primary conveying device (31) is fixedly connected to the header device (2) via a connecting ear (311); the secondary conveying device (32) is hinged to one end of a connecting rod (332) near the tail portion, and the other end of the connecting rod (332) is hinged to a conveying device connecting seat (333), and the conveying device connecting seat (333) is fixedly connected to a peeling and impurity removing device frame (46).

6. The harvester for harvesting corn for fresh consumption according to claim 5, characterized in that: An inclined connecting plate (312) is arranged at the upper edge of the primary conveying device to form a bell-mouth shape; a tensioning mechanism (322) is arranged at the rear of the secondary conveying device (32); and a guide shield (321) with an adjustable angle is also arranged at the rear of the secondary conveying device (32); the guide shield (321) is welded from a section of an arc-shaped plate (3211) and two side plates (3212) with arc-shaped elongated holes.

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