Changeover positioning method and changeover positioning mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a type-changing positioning method and a type-changing positioning mechanism, which include: 1. setting two corresponding and consistent positioning devices, the positioning devices have a number of limit points that are distributed around and adjustable in a centered manner, the centers of the two positioning devices are consistent with the central axis of the workpiece, and the positioning devices set the limit points to positions corresponding to the outer wall of the workpiece; 2. setting an adjustment device to drive the two positioning devices, and using the outer diameter difference before and after the type-changing of the workpiece as the moving distance of the adjustment device to drive the positioning device to adjust along its radial direction, and the adjustment device drives the positioning device to adjust along the radial direction according to the increase or decrease of the outer diameter of the workpiece before and after the type-changing; 3. loading the workpiece after type-changing into the positioning device, the positioning device supports, blocks or clamps the workpiece through the limit points, and the position of a certain point on the outer wall of the workpiece after type-changing is consistent with that before type-changing. It can effectively reduce the time and labor consumption caused by re-positioning due to type-changing of the workpiece, and improve the operational efficiency of type-changing positioning of the workpiece.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing, in particular to a positioning device for mechanical processing, specifically a type-changing positioning method and a type-changing positioning mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical processing, the workpiece needs to be fixed and limited. Generally, the workpiece is fastened by a clamp, and the workpiece is subjected to high-strength external fastening force, so it is only suitable for workpieces with strong rigidity. For workpieces with lower rigidity, such as hollow structures such as tubes, cylinders, and rolls, thin-walled structures or shell-shaped workpieces, for example, sheet or plate-like raw materials are bent, folded or rolled, and then welded, riveted or nailed to form a long workpiece with a thin shell structure of a cylinder, tube, or groove; or solid long workpieces such as strips and columns with low strength need to be sprayed, photolithography and other processes. In these cases, they need to be positioned by low contact force limiting. Therefore, these workpieces require corresponding clamps or fixing devices to position the workpieces during equipment processing.

[0003] At present, the fixing devices or positioning methods used can only be applied to workpieces of a single size. At the same time, the processing points are mostly located on the periphery of the workpiece or off-center. When the equipment needs to replace workpieces of different sizes for processing, it is necessary to replace the fixed mold or fixture at the same time, and adjust and correct it accordingly. Obviously, this requires a certain amount of time and manpower costs, and cannot achieve the automatic adaptation of the same equipment to workpieces of different sizes. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a mold change positioning method and a mold changeable positioning mechanism, which can realize mold change positioning at any time, and the mold change does not require changing molds, nor does it require related cumbersome operations such as adjustment and calibration.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] The mold changing positioning method includes the following steps: 1. setting two corresponding and consistent positioning devices, the positioning devices have a plurality of limit points which are centrally distributed and adjustable, the centers of the two positioning devices are consistent with the center axis of the workpiece, and the positioning devices set the limit points to positions corresponding to the outer wall of the workpiece; 2. setting an adjustment device to drive the two positioning devices, and taking the outer diameter difference of the workpiece before and after the mold changing as the moving distance of the adjustment device to drive the positioning device to adjust along its radial direction, and the adjustment device drives the positioning device to adjust along the radial direction according to the increase or decrease of the outer diameter of the workpiece before and after the mold changing; 3. loading the workpiece after the mold changing into the positioning device, the positioning device supports, blocks or clamps the workpiece through the limit points, and the position of a certain point on the outer wall of the workpiece after the mold changing is consistent with that before the mold changing.

[0007] The interchangeable positioning mechanism comprises a positioning device and a positioning device; there are two positioning devices corresponding to each other, and the positioning device has a plurality of limit points which are distributed around the center and can be adjusted; the positioning device can drive the two positioning devices to shift synchronously and consistently.

[0008] The positioning device includes a positioning ring and a limiting piece. The positioning ring is upright and connected to the positioning device. Several limiting pieces are equidistantly distributed around the positioning ring, and each limiting piece can be adjusted radially along the positioning ring. The end of the limiting piece facing the center of the positioning ring is a limiting point for abutting the workpiece.

[0009] The positioning device also includes a driving ring, which is rotatably mounted on the positioning ring. The driving ring is connected to the limiting member by spiral transmission, and the limiting member is slidably connected to the positioning ring; the limiting member is slidably mounted on the sliding groove of the positioning ring.

[0010] The positioning device also includes a driver, the outer wall of the driver is tightly connected to the positioning ring, the driving ring is a gear ring, and the driver correspondingly extends out a driving shaft with a gear and is threadedly connected to the side wall of the driving ring.

[0011] An abutment rod is arranged at the end of the limiting member. The abutment rod is parallel to the axis of the positioning ring, one end of which is mounted on the limiting member and extends outward, and the outward end of the abutment rod extends obliquely outward in the radial direction.

[0012] The positioning device comprises a lifter, on which a lifting seat for supporting and connecting the positioning devices is arranged, each positioning device is respectively connected to a lifter, and the two lifters are synchronously driven by a motor.

[0013] The positioning device also includes a guide column and a guide sleeve. The guide column is uprightly arranged, the guide sleeve is slidably sleeved on the guide column, and the positioning device is connected with the guide sleeve.

[0014] The replaceable positioning mechanism is characterized in that it also includes a pressing device, which is located between the two positioning devices and has a pressing position. The pressing position of the pressing device has at least two pressing positions distributed around the central axis of the positioning device.

[0015] The pressing device includes a connecting rod and a pressing assembly. The connecting rod is parallel to the center line of the positioning device and its two ends are respectively connected to the two positioning devices. The connecting rod can be moved and adjusted along with the two limit points corresponding to the two positioning devices. The pressing assembly is installed on the connecting rod.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the mold change positioning method and the mold changeable positioning mechanism can flexibly change the mold and adjust the position at any time to match the different sizes of the workpiece after the mold change, and at the same time, it is not necessary to change the mold and perform related cumbersome and complicated adjustments and calibrations when changing the mold, which effectively reduces the time and labor consumption caused by repositioning the workpiece due to the mold change, thereby greatly improving the operational efficiency of the workpiece mold change positioning. Moreover, the two positioning devices of the mold changeable positioning mechanism can be adjusted synchronously, and the limit points of the two positioning devices can be expanded and narrowed synchronously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial exploded schematic diagram of the installation structure of the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a positioning device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a pressure-positioning assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the limiting member and the connecting rod at a local position in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram from an axial perspective of the positioning process of the workpiece after the shape change of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] For a long workpiece with a regular cross-section, the mold changing positioning method of the present invention includes the following steps: 1. Two corresponding positioning devices are set, one in front and one in the back, and the positioning devices have a plurality of limit points that are centrally distributed and adjustable, the centers of the two positioning devices are consistent with the central axis of the workpiece, and the positioning devices set the limit points to positions corresponding to the outer wall of the workpiece; 2. An adjustment device is set to drive the two positioning devices, and the difference in the outer diameter of the workpiece before and after the mold change is used as the moving distance of the adjustment device to drive the positioning device along its radial adjustment, and the adjustment device drives the positioning device to adjust the radially according to the increase or decrease in the outer diameter of the workpiece before and after the mold change; 3. The workpiece after the mold change is loaded into the positioning device, and the positioning device supports, blocks or clamps the workpiece through the limit points, and the position of a certain point on the outer wall of the workpiece after the mold change is consistent with that before the mold change.

[0026] refer to Figure 6 , taking the workpiece being changed to a smaller outer diameter as an example, the position of any point on the outer wall of the workpiece after the change is different from the position of the same point on the outer wall of the workpiece before the change by a distance d, that is, the outer diameter of the workpiece is reduced by 2d. Therefore, in order to match the workpiece after the change, several positioning positions of the positioning device move toward the center around the distributed limit points by a distance d, and then the positioning device drives the positioning device to move upward along its radial direction by a distance d, so that the position of the upper outer wall of the workpiece in the positioning device is consistent with the position before the change. Similarly, the positioning device drives the positioning device to move radially to the left by a distance d, so that the position of the left outer wall of the workpiece is consistent with its position before the change. Obviously, no matter whether the cross-section of the workpiece is circular, rectangular, or regular polygonal, any point on its outer wall changes due to the increase or decrease of the outer diameter. This method can position the workpiece and adjust the position along the distance difference between the point and the center and along its radial direction to keep it consistent before and after the change. Therefore, most mechanical processing starts with processing on the surface of the workpiece. Even if the size of the workpiece changes, this method can quickly position the change. The positioning device does not need to use a special positioning mold, and no adjustment is required after the change.

[0027] Furthermore, each limit point of the positioning device is moved and adjusted radially, and each limit point is consistent with the center position of the positioning device. The limit points of the front and rear positioning devices are set synchronously, and the adjustment device synchronously drives the two positioning devices to adjust through the linkage mechanism. Therefore, when the workpiece is loaded in the positioning device, the limit points of the positioning device can be expanded and narrowed at the same time to fine-tune the support, blocking or clamping of the workpiece. The adjustment device can also allow the positioning device to be adjusted synchronously as a whole, without the need to load the workpiece after the adjustment of the two positioning devices is completed, and the flexibility is greater; the adjustment device drives the positioning device in a linkage manner, which can better ensure that the positions of the two positioning devices are synchronized and consistent, and avoid misalignment of the two positioning devices during the adjustment process.

[0028] Furthermore, the limiting points of the positioning device are connected and driven synchronously through a linkage mechanism. The linkage mechanism is preferably a mechanical structure. The limiting points of the positioning device can be driven by the mechanical linkage mechanism to keep the same distance from the center.

[0029] Furthermore, a pressure device is provided between the two positioning devices, and the pressure device abuts against the middle section of the workpiece loaded on the positioning device through at least two pressure contact positions distributed around the central axis of the positioning device. The middle section of the long workpiece is supported, blocked or clamped with the assistance of the positioning device, which can further improve the positioning performance and application range.

[0030] Each relative limit point of the two positioning devices is rigidly connected to each other, and the corresponding limit points of the two positioning devices are linked to ensure that the limit points of the two positioning devices are always synchronized.

[0031] Furthermore, the limit points corresponding to the two positioning devices are rigidly connected through a pressing device, and the crimping position of the pressing device moves closer to or away from the outer wall of the workpiece as the limit point moves. Under the action of the rigid connection of the positioning device, the limit point allows the crimping position and the limit point to move radially correspondingly. Each group of corresponding limit points of the two positioning devices can be connected through a limit device, and each limit device has at least one crimping position.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2The interchangeable positioning mechanism of the present invention comprises a positioning device and a positioning adjustment device; the positioning devices have two and correspond to each other front and back, the positioning device has a plurality of limit points which are distributed around and adjustable in a centered manner, and the two positioning devices can synchronously adjust the position of the limit points to adapt to hollow workpieces such as cylindrical, rolled, and tubular or solid workpieces such as strips and columns; the positioning device can synchronously and consistently drive the two positioning devices to shift in the radial direction; the two positioning devices of the interchangeable positioning mechanism respectively limit the position of the workpiece in the form of supporting, blocking, narrowing and clamping, one in front of the other or one at the head and one at the tail, and the workpiece is placed horizontally. The outer diameter of the workpiece changes before and after the change of the shape, and the limit points of the positioning devices are adjusted accordingly to correspond to the workpiece, which are concentric with each other and the center remains unchanged, and the two positioning devices are driven by the positioning device to change their positions. For example, by correspondingly raising or lowering the adjustment device by a value which is reduced or increased by the outer radius of the workpiece, the highest position of the outer wall of the workpiece can be kept unchanged. Similarly, by correspondingly raising or lowering the adjustment device by a value which is reduced or increased by the outer radius of the workpiece, the highest position of the outer wall of the workpiece can be kept unchanged. The value that increases or decreases with the radius of the outer circumference of the workpiece should be raised or lowered, so as to keep the lowest position of the outer wall of the workpiece unchanged, or in the same way, the horizontal position of either side of the outer wall of workpieces of different sizes can be kept unchanged in the positioning device. Therefore, even if the positioning mechanism of workpieces of different sizes is changed, the mold can be changed flexibly while keeping the desired processing position of the workpiece unchanged. There is no need to replace the positioning mold every time the mold is changed, and there is no need to calibrate and adjust the workpiece to correspond to its processing position; the positioning device can directly realize several limit points by several pneumatic cylinders, hydraulic cylinders, etc., or it can be realized by mechanisms such as push rods and clamping mechanisms. At the same time, the two positioning devices can synchronously control the independent operation of their respective limit points through the control system, or they can use the linkage structure to realize the linkage execution of their respective adjustments. The positioning device can be a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, etc. that directly drives the positioning device to move, or it can be a motor-driven driving mechanism to drive the positioning device to shift, such as the transmission structure of a screw mechanism.

[0033] The positioning device includes a positioning ring 11 and a limiting member 12. The positioning ring 11 is upright and connected to the positioning device. A plurality of limiting members 12 are equidistantly distributed around the positioning ring 11, and each limiting member 12 can be synchronously adjusted along the radial direction of the positioning ring 11. One end of the limiting member 12 facing the center of the positioning ring 11 is a limiting point for abutting against the workpiece. The positioning ring 11 is an annular structure with a hollow center, allowing the workpiece and other mechanisms to pass through. It can be suitable for hollow tube-type, cylindrical workpieces or solid workpieces, and the limiting member 12 can be directly used A hydraulic rod or a pneumatic rod is used to realize the clamping position of telescopic advance and retreat. The limiter 12 can also be driven by a motor through a gear rack structure or a gear screw structure. The positioning device can be a hydraulic lifting device or a spiral lifting device. The two positioning devices can be connected to a positioning device for synchronous lifting and lowering, or they can be connected to the same positioning device for movement. In addition, the positioning device can also use a motor to connect a gear rack or a hydraulic or pneumatic mechanism to drive the positioning ring; the positioning device adjusts the radial movement of the limiter 12 on the positioning ring 11. It corresponds to the outer diameter size of different workpieces. Before and after the mold change, the center position of the workpiece and the positioning device remains consistent. The positioning device only needs to drive the positioning ring 11 to rise or fall, move left or right, or move radially in a non-longitudinal and transverse direction corresponding to the radius change of the workpiece before and after the mold change, so that the upper or lower end, left end or right end, or other radial positions of the workpiece can be kept consistent before and after the mold change, without having to replace the positioning mold again due to the mold change, or even calibrate and adjust the position, size, etc.; the limit member 12 serves as a supporting member, a supporting member or an abutting member to realize the limit point. The limit member 12 only needs to be adjusted radially inward or outward along the positioning ring 11 to the corresponding position, so that the workpiece of the corresponding size can be placed in it, and then the workpiece can be clamped synchronously by moving centripetal, so that the mold change is quite flexible. The end of each limit member 12 facing the center of the positioning ring 11 can be spherical, arc-shaped or other shapes to correspond to the shape and structure of the workpiece to be abutted, and the position distribution of each limit member 12 with the corresponding end shape can constitute the positioning of the corresponding workpiece.

[0034] The positioning device also includes a drive ring 13, which is rotatably mounted on the positioning ring 11 concentrically, and the drive ring 13 is connected to the limiter 12 by spiral transmission, and the limiter 12 is slidably connected to the positioning ring 11; the drive ring 13 can be spirally driven by cooperating with the teeth, pins or guide columns of the limiter 12 through structures such as spiral grooves or curved grooves, and the positioning ring 11 is provided with a radially extending slide groove matching the sliding limiter 12, and the limiter 12 is slidably mounted on the slide groove of the positioning ring 11, and the cross-section of the limiter 12 is in the shape of an "I", so the limiter 12 can only The drive ring 13 can be movably mounted on the axially protruding ring wall of the positioning ring 11, or can be slidably embedded in the inner side of the positioning ring 11. The drive ring 13 can be driven to rotate by a motor or a transmission mechanism, and then its rotation is converted into a linear motion of the limit member 12. Its mechanism is the same as that of a general three-jaw chuck. Therefore, the connection example between the drive ring 13 and the limit member 12 is omitted in the accompanying drawings. By rotating the drive ring 13, all the limit members 12 are driven at the same time. The drive ring 13 can be manually operated or automatically rotated by a motor to drive the limit member 12.

[0035] The positioning device also includes a driver 14, the outer wall of which is tightly connected to the positioning ring 11, and the driving ring 13 is a gear ring. The driver 14 extends a driving shaft with a gear corresponding to the driver 14 and is threadedly connected to the side wall of the driving ring 13. The driver 14 can be a servo motor or a motor shaft directly connected or pass through a reduction box in the middle and then through the gear driving ring 13. As shown in the figure, the tooth surface of the driving ring 13 is preferably designed as an outer ring surface, and the driver 14 is meshed and driven from the outside of the driving ring 13, with high transmission efficiency and simple structure. In addition, it can also be driven by a pulley; the various components of the positioning device are integrated into the positioning ring 11, and the positioning device can adjust and move the positioning device by moving the positioning ring 11, which is convenient for the module body composed of various accessories to move together and avoids the dispersion of components affecting the position movement of the positioning device.

[0036] A contact rod 121 is provided at the end of the limiting member 12. The contact rod 121 is parallel to the axis of the positioning ring 11, one end of which is installed on the limiting member 12 and extends outward, and the outward end of the contact rod 121 extends obliquely outward in the radial direction. The contact rod 121 uses the rod body as the contact surface. During installation, the workpiece passes through the positioning ring 11 axially from the outside of one of the positioning devices, and the contact rod 121 contacts the outer wall of the workpiece with low pressure as a supporting and blocking component. At the same time, the outward-expanded trumpet mouth formed by each contact rod 121 can guide the workpiece to be centered and aligned to the two positioning devices, and the contact rod 121 can preferably be a round rod, and multiple round rod bodies can be directly used to support workpieces on flat or curved surfaces; preferably, each positioning ring 11 has an even number of left-right symmetrically distributed limit members 12, and every two relative limit members 12 are located on the same radial straight line, which can better adapt to limit workpieces of various symmetrical shapes such as circles, rectangles, and regular polygons.

[0037] The positioning device includes a lifter 21, on which a lifting seat is provided to support and connect the positioning device. Each positioning device is connected to a lifter 21, and the two lifters 21 are synchronously driven by a motor or a motor. The lifter 21 generally uses a screw transmission mechanism with the same mechanism as the jack. The bottom of the positioning device or the positioning ring 11 can be connected to the lifting seat of the lifter 21 and move with it. Since the two positioning devices are separated by a certain distance, it is preferred that a single lifter 21 can simultaneously support two positioning rings 11 through the lifting seat, or a more complex structure is required to maintain the two positioning rings 11. The positioning devices are lifted and lowered stably at the same time, so it is preferred to use a lifter 21 to drive a positioning device respectively, and the two lifters 21 are respectively connected to a commutator 22 through a transmission shaft, and then connected to a motor or motor through the commutator 22 for transmission connection. There is no need to connect the two lifters 21 with two motors or motors respectively. As shown in the figure, a lifting motor 25 is connected to the commutator 22 and is located between the two positioning devices. At the same time, the two sides of the commutator 22 are respectively connected and transmitted to the lifter 21 through a transmission connecting shaft. In this way, synchronous operation can be achieved and the structure can be kept simple.

[0038] The positioning device also includes a guide column 23 and a guide sleeve 24. The guide column 23 is upright along the lifting direction of the lifter 21. The guide sleeve 24 slides on the guide column 23, and the positioning device is connected to the guide sleeve 24. The two sides of the positioning ring 11 are preferably connected with guide sleeves 24 respectively. The guide sleeves 24 slide on the two guide columns 23 of the frame 9 respectively. Of course, the guide column 23 can also be a column structure without the support of the frame 9. When the lifter 21 drives the positioning ring 11 to rise and fall, the guide column 23 cooperates with the guide column 23 to allow the positioning ring 11 to rise and fall stably and accurately.

[0039] The interchangeable positioning mechanism also includes a pressing device, which is located between the two positioning devices. The pressing device has a movable pressing position for abutting the middle section of the workpiece. The pressing device preferably has at least two pressing positions that are distributed around the central axis of the positioning device. When the workpiece enters the positioning mechanism and is limited by the positioning device, the pressing device applies force to press the workpiece at the position between the positioning devices, which can provide middle-section pressing support for workpieces with low overall stiffness. The pressing device can realize the pressing movement of the pressing position by a general hydraulic or pneumatic driven pressing mechanism or clamping mechanism, such as a hydraulic rod telescopic pressing, or a double-sided or multilateral clamping mechanism driven by multiple hydraulic rods or pull rods.

[0040] The pressing device includes a connecting rod 31 and a pressing assembly 32. The connecting rod 31 is parallel to the center line of the positioning device and its two ends are respectively connected to the two positioning devices. The connecting rod 31 can be moved and adjusted along with the two corresponding limit points of the two positioning devices. The side or one end of the pressing assembly 32 that abuts against the workpiece is the pressing position of the pressing device. The pressing assembly 32 can be an abutment block structure or an abutment point structure. The pressing assembly 32 is installed on the connecting rod 31. The positioning rings 11 of the two positioning devices are respectively provided with a plurality of corresponding limit members 12. Therefore, a plurality of connecting rods 31 are preferably respectively connected to the two corresponding limit members 12, so that the front and rear The limiting parts 12 of the positioning ring 11 are all moved and adjusted synchronously; the pressing assembly 32 can be installed on the connecting rod 31 at the required position according to the shape of the workpiece, the force and other factors. The pressing assembly 32 can be distributed around the center line, that is, around the workpiece, or distributed along the connecting rod 31, so as to provide sufficient pressing contact from the circumferential and axial positions respectively. The pressing assembly 32 can approach or move away from the workpiece with the connecting rod 31 and the limiting part 12. At the same time, the pressing assembly 32 can be driven by a telescopic mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder or a motor connecting screw to abut the workpiece.

[0041] The pressing component 32 includes a fixed frame 321, a pressing piece 322 and a power cylinder 323. The fixed frame 321 is respectively fastened to the connecting rod 31 and the power cylinder 323. The pressing piece 322 is connected to the piston rod of the power cylinder 323. One end of the pressing piece 322 faces the center line of the positioning device corresponding to the pressing workpiece. The power cylinder 323 drives the pressing piece 322 to move toward the workpiece and realizes the pressing. The pressing component 32 uses the fixed frame 321 as a base to fix the power cylinder 323. The power cylinder 323 then drives the pressing piece 322 to press and retreat toward the workpiece. The pressing component 32 is an active pressing, which is more flexible and precise.

[0042] The pressure component 32 is in the shape of a gantry, and connecting plates 3211 vertically connected to the connecting rod 31 are respectively provided at both ends of the fixed frame 321, and the top pressure piece 322 is located between the lower side of the fixed frame 321 and the connecting rod 31. The power cylinder 323 is installed on the upper side of the fixed frame 321, and the piston rod of the power cylinder 323 passes through the opening of the fixed frame 321 and is connected to the top pressure piece 322. Top pressure blocks 3221 are respectively provided at both ends of the top pressure piece 322. The top pressure blocks 3221 are arch-shaped, and the middle part of the top pressure block 3221 is a clearance notch corresponding to the clearance connecting rod 31. The lower ends of both sides of the top pressure block 3221 are respectively provided with pressure rods 3222 for abutting against the workpiece. A pressure component 32 has at least two pressure rods 3222, and the two pressure rods 3222 are respectively located on both sides of the connecting rod 31 and are parallel to the connecting rod 31 The connecting rod 31 passes through the connecting plate 3211 at one end of the fixed frame 321 to the connecting plate 3211 at the other end, and the connecting rod 31 is connected to the two connecting plates 3211 respectively. Preferably, the same pressing rod 3222 is respectively installed on both sides of the two pressing blocks 3221 of a pressing piece 322. Driven by the power cylinder 323, the pressing piece 322 can move up and down in the space between the fixed frame 321 and the connecting rod 31. When the pressing piece 322 moves downward, the arched recess in the middle of the pressing block 3221 matches the connecting rod 31 to avoid the position conflict between the pressing block 3221 and the connecting rod 31. The pressing rod 3222 moves with the pressing piece 322 to press and abut the workpiece at two pressing positions. The two rod bodies can be used as abutment to correspond to the surfaces of workpieces of various shapes.

[0043] The top pressure piece 322 is provided with two guide rods 3223 extending toward the fixed frame 321, and the fixed frame 321 is provided with two sleeves 3212 corresponding to the guide rods 3223. The upper surface of the fixed frame 321 is rectangular, and the guide rods 3223 and the sleeves 3212 are arranged on both sides of the power cylinder 323 in a straight line. The guide rods 3223 pass through the sleeves 3212 from the lower side of the fixed frame 321 for sliding fit, so as to guide the top pressure piece 322 to stably reciprocate.

[0044] refer to Figure 5 A rod seat 122 for installing the rod body is provided at the end of the limiting member 12, one side of the rod seat 122 is connected to the limiting member 12, and the lower end of the rod seat 122 is provided with recessed openings respectively connected to the abutting rod 121 and the connecting rod 31, the ends of the abutting rod 121 and the connecting rod 31 are opposite and flush with the wall surface on one side facing the center of the positioning device, the outer diameter of the abutting rod 121 is smaller than the connecting rod 31, and the recessed opening of the rod seat 122 is segmented into one side with a higher position and a smaller inner diameter, and the other side with a lower position and a larger inner diameter. The two sides are respectively assembled with the abutting rod 121 and the connecting rod 31, and the surface on the abutting side is flush. Except for the limiting point connecting the two positioning devices, the connecting rod 31 is in contact with the workpiece surface as an extension of the abutting position of the abutting rod 121, thereby increasing the stability and firmness of the workpiece clamping.

[0045] The connecting plate 3211 is a split component vertically connected to the lower side of the end of the fixed frame 321. The connecting plate 3211 is fastened to the fixed frame 321 by bolts or screws. The connecting plate 3211 has a gap from the middle section to the end to divide it into two parts and facilitate deformation. At the same time, an arc-shaped clamping opening for clamping the connecting rod 31 is provided at the end of the connecting plate 3211. The bolts pass horizontally through the middle section of the connecting plate 3211 to pull the two parts together so that the connecting rod 31 can be clamped. Similarly, the top pressure block 3221 is also an independent component that is bolted , screws are vertically fastened to the two ends of the top pressure piece 322, and the end of the top pressure block 3221 is also provided with an arc-shaped clamping opening for clamping the top pressure rod 3222. Similarly, a gap is left in the middle from the middle section to the end of the top pressure block 3221 to divide it into two parts and facilitate slight deformation. The matching bolts pass horizontally through the middle section of the fixed pressure block 3221 to pull the two parts together, thereby clamping the top pressure rod 3222; the fixed frame 321 and the connecting plate 3211, as well as the top pressure piece 322 and the top pressure block 3221 can also be integrally formed components.

[0046] The positioning device also includes a positioning component 33, which is installed on the connecting rod 31. The positioning component 33 has a movable blocking portion. The positioning component is set at a position close to one of the positioning devices. It blocks the movement of the workpiece along the center line direction of the positioning device through the blocking portion. Before loading or unloading the workpiece, the blocking portion can be moved away from the blocking area to facilitate the entry and exit or loading and unloading of the workpiece. The blocking portion of the positioning component 33 can be realized by a block component that can rotate back and forth, swing or retract, such as a hinge that can only rotate around the connecting rod 31, or a locking pin that can be extended from the connecting rod 31.

[0047] The alignment component 33 includes a connecting frame 331 and a cylinder 332. One end of the connecting frame 331 is clamped to the connecting rod 31 by a clamping piece. The cylinder 332 is fastened to the connecting frame 331, and a blocking piece serving as a blocking part is installed at the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 332. The connecting frame 331 is also provided with a guide hole that matches the piston rod that slides through the cylinder 332. The cylinder 332 drives the blocking piece to move back and forth in the positioning device. The workpiece loaded on the clamping mechanism needs to move along the center line to reach the corresponding position. The alignment component 33 pushes out the blocking piece through the cylinder 332 before the workpiece is loaded, so that the end of the workpiece after loading reaches the contact with the blocking piece and is blocked as a reference position. When the workpiece is unloaded, the cylinder 332 moves the blocking piece away from this position, and the workpiece can be quickly removed.

[0048] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0049] It should also be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up and down in the embodiments of the present invention are merely relative concepts or are based on the normal use status of the product and should not be considered as restrictive.

[0050] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. As long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by any same or similar means, they should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Interchangeable positioning mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a positioning device and a positioning device; there are two positioning devices corresponding to each other, and the positioning device has a plurality of limit points which are distributed around the center and can be adjusted; the positioning device can drive the two positioning devices to shift synchronously and consistently; The positioning device includes a positioning ring and a limiting member. The positioning ring is upright and connected to the positioning device. A plurality of limiting members are equidistantly distributed around the positioning ring, and each limiting member can be radially adjusted along the positioning ring. One end of the limiting member facing the center of the positioning ring is a limiting point for abutting against the workpiece. An abutment rod is arranged at the end of the limiting member, the abutment rod is parallel to the axis of the positioning ring, one end of the abutment rod is mounted on the limiting member and extends outward, and the outward end of the abutment rod extends obliquely outward in the radial direction; The positioning device includes a lifter, on which a lifting seat is provided to support and connect the positioning devices, each positioning device is respectively connected to a lifter, and the two lifters are synchronously driven by a motor; It also includes a pressing device, which is located between the two positioning devices and has a pressing position. The pressing position of the pressing device has at least two pressing positions distributed around the central axis of the positioning device.

2. The interchangeable positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning device also includes a driving ring, which is rotatably mounted on the positioning ring. The driving ring is connected to the limiting member by spiral transmission, and the limiting member is slidably connected to the positioning ring; the limiting member is slidably mounted on the sliding groove of the positioning ring.

3. The interchangeable positioning mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning device also includes a driver, the outer wall of the driver is tightly connected to the positioning ring, the driving ring is a gear ring, and the driver correspondingly extends out a driving shaft with a gear and is threadedly connected to the side wall of the driving ring.

4. The interchangeable positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning device also includes a guide column and a guide sleeve. The guide column is uprightly arranged, the guide sleeve is slidably sleeved on the guide column, and the positioning device is connected with the guide sleeve.

5. The interchangeable positioning mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing device includes a connecting rod and a pressing assembly. The connecting rod is parallel to the center line of the positioning device and its two ends are respectively connected to the two positioning devices. The connecting rod can be moved and adjusted along with the two limit points corresponding to the two positioning devices. The pressing assembly is installed on the connecting rod.

6. The method for changing the type and positioning of the changeable positioning mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps:

1. setting two corresponding and consistent positioning devices, each of which has a plurality of limit points which are centrally distributed and adjustable, the centers of the two positioning devices are consistent with the center axis of the workpiece, and the positioning devices set the limit points to positions corresponding to the outer wall of the workpiece; 2. setting an adjustment device to drive the two positioning devices, and taking the outer diameter difference of the workpiece before and after the mold change as the moving distance of the adjustment device to drive the positioning device to adjust along its radial direction, and the adjustment device drives the positioning device to adjust along the radial direction according to the increase or decrease of the outer diameter of the workpiece before and after the mold change; 3. loading the workpiece after the mold change into the positioning device, and the positioning device supports, blocks or clamps the workpiece through the limit points, and the position of a certain point on the outer wall of the workpiece after the mold change is consistent with that before the mold change.

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