Tractor double bracket vibration reduction front drive axle

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-bracket vibration-damping front drive axle of a tractor, comprising a fixed bracket installed at the bottom of a tractor body, a floating bracket hinged at the rear of the fixed bracket, a vibration-damping device arranged between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, and a drive axle body assembly installed on the floating bracket through a swing shaft; since the drive axle body assembly can swing left and right relative to the floating bracket, the drive axle body assembly can swing left and right around a hinge point between the floating bracket and the drive axle body assembly during the driving of the tractor, the front axle drive wheel can always be close to the ground, and the contact condition between the front axle drive wheel and the ground and the adaptability to various terrains are relatively good; the vibration-damping device is arranged between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, which can greatly reduce the vibration and impact of the tractor when it is driving on an uneven road surface, and reduce the dynamic load on the drive wheel and the axle and the damage to parts; and the tractor also has the advantages of good rigidity performance, good driving stability, comfortable vibration reduction, simple structure and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tractors, and in particular relates to a tractor front drive axle with a vibration reduction function. Background Art

[0002] At present, the front drive axle of four-wheel tractors can be basically divided into three categories: the first category is the rigid front drive axle, which is fixed to the bracket of the machine body through a swing shaft. It has a simple structure and high rigidity, which can meet the needs of low-speed operation of the tractor. However, due to the lack of elastic elements, it cannot buffer the vibration impact from the ground. When the tractor is running at high speed, the vibration and bumping of the whole machine are particularly serious, which can easily cause fatigue and discomfort to the driver. The second category is the elastic front axle with two longitudinal leaf springs as the vibration reduction elements. The structural layout of this type of front axle is basically the same as the leaf spring suspension of a truck. The two ends of the leaf spring are connected to the frame and the middle is fixed to the front axle housing with U-shaped bolts. The vibration reduction effect of this type of elastic front axle is acceptable, but when the tractor is under heavy load, there is a problem of insufficient lateral stiffness of the suspension, and it can only be applied to tractors with small and medium horsepower. The third category is the active vibration reduction floating front drive axle. This type of drive axle contains oil and gas vibration reduction elements such as electro-hydraulic control system, accumulator and vibration reduction cylinder. The structure is very complex and the cost is high.

[0003] In order to improve the vibration reduction performance of the tractor front axle, the prior art discloses such a structure as the utility model patent "Four-wheel Tractor Elastic Front Axle" with patent number CN201420517929.7, which includes: a bridge body and an angle shaft, wherein the two ends of the bridge body are respectively fixedly connected to a support sleeve, the middle part of the bridge body is hinged to the connecting seat of the tractor frame through a swing shaft, the angle shaft includes a vertical shaft part and a transverse shaft part for installing the wheel assembly, a guide sleeve is movably installed in the support sleeve, the vertical shaft part of the angle shaft is connected to the guide sleeve with a sliding key and an elastic element is sleeved, and the elastic element is squeezed between the end of the support sleeve and the corner of the angle shaft, a first rocker arm is fixed on the upper part of one of the guide sleeves, a second rocker arm is fixed on the lower part, and a second rocker arm is fixed on the lower part of the other guide sleeve, and the two second rocker arms are positioned correspondingly.

[0004] However, the above patent is only an ordinary steering axle, which cannot be installed with a transmission mechanism and cannot be applied to a tractor drive axle. Moreover, its elastic element uses a spiral spring or a rubber spring, which makes it difficult to achieve variable stiffness adjustment and cannot adapt to the tractor operating environment with large load changes. Therefore, it needs further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tractor double-bracket vibration-damping front drive axle with simple structure, good rigidity performance and comfortable vibration reduction.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a tractor double-bracket shock-absorbing front drive axle, including a fixed bracket installed at the bottom of the tractor body, a floating bracket hinged at the rear of the fixed bracket, a shock-absorbing device is arranged between the front of the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, and the drive axle body assembly is installed on the floating bracket for left and right swinging.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the fixed bracket is hinged to the rear of the floating bracket via a connecting shaft, the axis of the connecting shaft is arranged transversely, and the swing axis between the floating bracket and the drive axle body assembly is arranged longitudinally.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, a front fixing frame and a rear fixing frame are relatively fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the floating bracket, and a front swing shaft and a rear swing shaft are relatively fixedly installed at the middle front and rear ends of the driving axle assembly. The front fixing frame is installed on the front swing shaft for left and right swinging, and the rear fixing frame is installed on the rear swing shaft for left and right swinging.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the vibration reduction device includes a transversely arranged leaf spring, the top end of the leaf spring is fixedly connected to the fixed bracket by a U-shaped bolt, and the bottom end of the leaf spring contacts the floating bracket.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the vibration reduction device is an air spring or an oil-gas spring installed between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, the drive axle body assembly includes a bridge housing body, a central transmission system is arranged in the bridge housing body, a universal transmission shaft is arranged at the rear end of the bridge housing body and is transmission-connected to the central transmission system, the two ends of the bridge housing body are respectively connected to wheel-side reduction systems, and a steering system is connected between the two wheel-side reduction systems.

[0012] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the tractor double-bracket vibration-damping front drive axle comprises a fixed bracket installed at the bottom of the tractor body, a floating bracket is hinged at the rear of the fixed bracket, a vibration-damping device is arranged between the front of the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, and the drive axle body assembly is swingably installed on the floating bracket. The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0013] 1. The present invention adds a vibration reduction device between the tractor body and the drive axle assembly to filter and buffer the vibration impact at the height between the front drive axle and the tractor body, thereby greatly improving the vibration reduction performance of the front drive axle;

[0014] Second, since the drive axle assembly is installed on the floating bracket for left and right swinging, the drive axle assembly can swing left and right around the hinge point between the floating bracket and the drive axle assembly during the driving of the tractor, and the front axle drive wheel can always be close to the ground. The contact between the front axle drive wheel and the ground and the adaptability to various terrains are relatively good, which greatly reduces the vibration and tilt of the tractor body when the tractor is driving on uneven roads, reduces the dynamic load on the drive wheel and the axle and the damage to the parts, and improves its reliability and service life;

[0015] 3. Due to the rigid connection between the front fixed frame, the rear fixed frame and the floating bracket, the rigid connection between the front swing shaft, the rear swing shaft and the drive axle assembly, and the corresponding rotation connection between the front swing shaft, the rear swing shaft and the front fixed frame, the entire suspension has good stiffness characteristics. When the tractor is under heavy load operation, the suspension will not move laterally, and the driving stability is good;

[0016] Fourth, installing a vibration reduction device between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket not only has a simple structure, but also can adapt to a variety of elastic elements. It can be convenient to install an active suspension control system to achieve variable stiffness control, greatly improving the vibration reduction performance of the front axle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The following drawings are intended only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 is a structural exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1-fixed bracket; 11-first connecting hole; 2-floating bracket; 21-second connecting hole; 3-connecting shaft; 4-leaf spring; 5-U-bolt; 6-bridge housing body; 7-front swing shaft; 8-front fixing bracket; 9-rear fixing bracket; 10-universal drive shaft; 12-central transmission system; 13-wheel-side reduction system; 14-steering system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described only by way of illustration. Needless to say, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the tractor double-bracket vibration-damping front drive axle comprises a fixed bracket 1 installed at the bottom of the tractor body, a floating bracket 2 is hinged at the rear of the fixed bracket 1, the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2 are arranged opposite to each other up and down, a vibration-damping device is arranged between the front of the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2, and the drive axle body assembly is installed on the floating bracket 2 for left and right swinging; the drive axle body assembly in this embodiment refers to the drive axle body assembly of the tractor front axle; when vibration occurs, the vibration-damping device will be compressed and reset between the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2, and the relative height between the front of the fixed bracket 1 and the front of the floating bracket 2 will be changed to filter and buffer the vibration between the floating bracket 2 and the fixed bracket 1. The vibration impact at the height between the fixed bracket 1, that is, filtering and buffering the vibration impact at the height between the front drive axle and the tractor body, greatly improves the vibration reduction performance of the front drive axle; since the drive axle body assembly is mounted on the floating bracket 2 for left and right swinging, the drive axle body assembly can swing left and right around the hinge point between the floating bracket 2 and the drive axle body assembly during the driving of the tractor, the front axle drive wheel can always be close to the ground, the contact between the front axle drive wheel and the ground and the adaptability to various terrains are relatively good, which greatly reduces the vibration of the tractor when driving on uneven roads and the inclination of the tractor body, reduces the dynamic load on the drive wheel and the axle and the damage to parts, and improves its reliability and service life.

[0023] A first connecting hole 11 is provided at the rear lower end of the fixed bracket 1, and a second connecting hole 12 corresponding to the first connecting hole 11 is provided at the rear upper end of the floating bracket 2. The first connecting hole 11 and the second connecting hole 12 are hinged by a connecting shaft 3 to realize the hinge between the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2. The connecting shaft 3 is a pin shaft, which can also limit the relative lateral position between the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2; the axis of the connecting shaft 3 is arranged horizontally to adapt to the change in height between the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2; the swing axis between the floating bracket 2 and the drive axle body assembly is arranged longitudinally to adapt to the left-right lateral change of the floating bracket 2 relative to the drive axle body assembly.

[0024] A front fixing frame 8 and a rear fixing frame 9 are relatively fixedly installed at the front and rear ends of the floating bracket 2, and the front fixing frame 8 and the rear fixing frame 9 are fixedly connected to the floating bracket 2 and are rigidly connected to the floating bracket 2. A front swing shaft 7 and a rear swing shaft are relatively fixedly installed at the middle front and rear ends of the driving axle body assembly, and the front swing shaft 7 and the rear swing shaft are fixedly connected to the driving axle body assembly and are rigidly connected to the driving axle body assembly. The front fixing frame 8 is installed on the front swing shaft 7 for swinging left and right, and the front fixing frame 8 can rotate around the front swing shaft 7. The rear fixing frame 9 is installed on the rear swing shaft for swinging left and right, and the rear fixing frame 9 can rotate around the rear swing shaft. Due to the rigid connection between the front fixing frame 8, the rear fixing frame 9 and the floating bracket 2, the rigid connection between the front swing shaft 7, the rear swing shaft and the driving axle assembly, and the rotational connection between the front swing shaft 7, the rear swing shaft and the front fixing frame 8, the rear fixing frame 9, the entire suspension has good stiffness characteristics, the suspension will not move laterally when the tractor is operating under heavy load, and the driving stability is good.

[0025] The structural design of the fixed bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2 can adapt to a variety of elastic elements, and can conveniently install an active suspension control system to achieve variable stiffness control, greatly improving the vibration reduction performance of the front axle. Figure 1 The vibration damping device is a leaf spring 4, the top of which passes through the fixing hole of the fixing bracket 1 through a U-shaped bolt 5 to fix the upper surface of the leaf spring 4 with the lower surface of the fixing bracket 1, and the bottom of the leaf spring 4 is in contact with the upper surface of the floating bracket 2. The leaf spring 4 can buffer the vibration impact on the height between the floating bracket 2 and the fixing bracket 1 by deformation; the leaf spring 4 can be a single-stage stiffness leaf spring, a double-stage stiffness leaf spring, a few leaf springs, or a gradual stiffness leaf spring, and the number of leaf springs can be 1-16. The more leaf springs there are, the better the vibration damping effect is, but the weight of the vehicle body will be increased. Therefore, the design of the number of leaf springs is selected according to actual use needs, which is well known to ordinary engineers and technicians in this field. Of course, the vibration damping device can also be an air spring or an oil-gas spring installed between the fixing bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2, and the air spring or oil-gas spring is installed between the fixing bracket 1 and the floating bracket 2.

[0026] The driving axle assembly includes a bridge housing body 6, the front swing shaft 7 and the rear swing shaft are respectively fixedly mounted at the front end and the rear end of the bridge housing body 6, a central transmission system 12 is arranged in the bridge housing body 6, a universal transmission shaft 10 which is transmission-connected to the central transmission system 12 is arranged at the rear end of the bridge housing body 6, both ends of the bridge housing body 6 are respectively connected to wheel-side reduction systems 13, and a steering system 14 is connected between the two wheel-side reduction systems 13.

[0027] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. Tractor double-bracket vibration-damping front drive axle, characterized by: The invention comprises a fixed bracket installed at the bottom of the tractor body, a floating bracket is hinged at the rear of the fixed bracket, a vibration reduction device is arranged between the front of the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, the vibration reduction device comprises a transversely arranged leaf spring, the top end of the leaf spring is fixedly connected to the fixed bracket by a U-shaped bolt, and the bottom end of the leaf spring contacts the floating bracket, or the vibration reduction device is an air spring installed between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, or the vibration reduction device is an oil-gas spring installed between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket; when vibration occurs, the vibration reduction device will be compressed and reset between the fixed bracket and the floating bracket, and the relative height between the front of the fixed bracket and the front of the floating bracket will be changed to filter and buffer the vibration impact at the height between the floating bracket and the fixed bracket; The driving axle body assembly is mounted on the floating bracket so as to swing left and right, the fixed bracket is hinged to the rear of the floating bracket through a connecting shaft, the axis of the connecting shaft is arranged transversely, and the swing axis between the floating bracket and the driving axle body assembly is arranged longitudinally; a front fixed frame and a rear fixed frame are relatively fixedly mounted at the front and rear ends of the floating bracket, a front swing shaft and a rear swing shaft are relatively fixedly mounted at the middle front and rear ends of the driving axle body assembly, the front fixed frame is mounted on the front swing shaft so as to swing left and right, and the rear fixed frame is mounted on the rear swing shaft so as to swing left and right; since the driving axle body assembly is mounted on the floating bracket so as to swing left and right, during the driving of the tractor, the driving axle body assembly can swing left and right around the hinge point between the floating bracket and the driving axle body assembly, and the front axle driving wheel can always be close to the ground.

2. The tractor double-bracket vibration-damping front drive axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive axle assembly includes a bridge housing body, a central transmission system is arranged in the bridge housing body, a universal transmission shaft is arranged at the rear end of the bridge housing body and is transmission-connected to the central transmission system, wheel-side reduction systems are respectively connected to the two ends of the bridge housing body, and a steering system is connected between the two wheel-side reduction systems.

Images