Mechanical quick switch based on electromagnetic repulsion mechanism

Abstract

The present invention discloses a mechanical fast switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and belongs to the technical field of switch cabinets. The present invention includes a connecting rod, a bistable holding mechanism, an operating mechanism, and a group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism or the operating mechanism to open the mechanical fast switch; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the operating mechanism to close the mechanical fast switch; when the connecting rod opens or closes, the bistable holding mechanism applies a holding force to the opening and closing state of the connecting rod; during the rapid opening process, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the operating mechanism are completely independent; and both the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the operating mechanism can realize the opening operation. The present invention can realize the miniaturization and intensification of circuit breakers; solve the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the closing holding mechanism; and can realize different opening operation modes under normal working conditions and fault conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of switch cabinets, and in particular relates to a mechanical fast switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the large-scale access of distributed power sources and energy storage devices, the rapid development of power electronics technology, and the growth of DC loads, DC power distribution has received more and more attention. In particular, DC systems in certain specific occasions, such as large ship power supply systems and urban rail transit power supply systems, have made great progress. With the continuous growth of DC system capacity and the continuous improvement of voltage levels, the short-circuit current peak and breaking time indicators of DC circuit breakers are also constantly improving. Although traditional mechanical switches have the advantages of strong load capacity and stable conduction, they have slow response speeds, generally around 5 to 20ms, which cannot meet some requirements for fast action; power electronic switches have fast response speeds, but their on-state losses are too large and their withstand voltage is low.

[0003] Since the hybrid DC circuit breaker composed of fast mechanical switches and high-power semiconductor devices has the advantages of large current capacity, fast shutdown speed, and strong current limiting capability, it has great potential in the field of DC breaking. Hybrid DC circuit breakers require fast mechanical switches to achieve high-speed contact separation to facilitate the transfer of current to the transfer branch. At the same time, it requires the fast mechanical switch to obtain the largest possible initial speed to form an insulation gap as quickly as possible to resist a very high transient recovery voltage that appears between the mechanical circuit breaker breaks. At present, most fast mechanical switches use dual electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms, which require two repulsion coils and two sets of drive circuits. The mechanism and drive circuit are large in size and high in cost, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and intensiveness of circuit breakers. Therefore, the current electromagnetic repulsion fast mechanical switches are mostly in the theoretical research and principle prototype stage, and there are no reliable engineering application cases, which seriously affects the development and use of hybrid DC circuit breakers.

[0004] For example, a Chinese patent application numbered CN201620362749.5 discloses a fast switch based on a permanent magnetic holding mechanism, including a repulsion mechanism and a permanent magnetic mechanism, including an upper guide rod, a vacuum interrupter, a middle guide rod, an insulator, a lower guide rod and a holding moving iron core connected in sequence, and the special feature is that: a repulsion disk is mounted on the lower guide rod, a gate opening coil is mounted above the repulsion disk and a gate closing coil is mounted below the repulsion disk; an upper holding static iron core is mounted above the holding moving iron core, a closing holding permanent magnet is mounted in the middle of the upper holding static iron core, and a lower holding static iron core is mounted below the holding moving iron core, and a gate opening holding permanent magnet is mounted in the middle of the lower holding static iron core. The lower end of the closing holding permanent magnet is shorter than the lower end of the upper holding static iron core, so that a groove is formed at the lower end of the upper holding static iron core as an upper air gap; the upper end of the gate opening holding permanent magnet is shorter than the upper end of the lower holding static iron core, so that a groove is formed at the upper end of the lower holding static iron core as a lower air gap. The permanent magnet holding part is used to provide the opening holding force and closing holding force for the arc extinguishing chamber contacts in the circuit breaker, so that the circuit breaker is in a stable open state or closed state; the electromagnetic repulsion operating part provides electromagnetic force during the opening and closing operations, so that the circuit breaker changes from opening to closing, or from closing to opening.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned fast switch uses a dual electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, which requires two repulsion coils and two sets of drive circuits. The mechanism and drive circuit are large in size and high in cost, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and intensification of circuit breakers.

[0006] A Chinese patent application with application number 201710859374.2 discloses an operating device for a DC circuit breaker, which includes a vacuum bubble, a repulsion mechanism and an electromagnetic mechanism connected to the repulsion mechanism via a connecting rod, wherein a mechanical contact consisting of a static contact and a moving contact is arranged in the vacuum bubble, and the moving contact is connected to the repulsion mechanism via an insulating pull rod, and the repulsion mechanism includes a trip coil, a repulsion disk, a charge and discharge circuit and a first controller that controls the charge and discharge circuit to trigger the trip operation, the repulsion disk is connected to the connecting rod via a moving guide rod, and the trip coil is located above the repulsion disk with a gap of no more than 3.5 mm; the electromagnetic mechanism includes a hollow annular static iron core, a moving iron core, an attraction coil, a holding coil, a trip reset spring, a contact spring and a second controller.

[0007] However, the above-mentioned operating device uses a single electromagnetic repulsion mechanism to achieve rapid opening, uses an electromagnet as a closing holding mechanism, and uses the electromagnetic coil to be de-energized and reversely charged, and cooperates with the opening spring to achieve rated opening. Since the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can quickly reach the thrust peak within tens to hundreds of microseconds, which is much faster than the action time of the electromagnet, when the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism quickly opens, the repulsion disk drives the connecting rod to move downward. At this time, the electromagnet still provides the closing holding force, and the opening spring will generate a reverse force due to compression, thereby reducing the opening speed of the fast mechanical switch and increasing the opening time. At the same time, it will cause a rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the closing holding mechanism, causing a bouncing phenomenon. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical fast switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, which not only has high reliability, simple structure, small size, and fast opening speed, but also can solve the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the closing holding mechanism.

[0009] Specifically, the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical scheme: it includes a connecting rod, a bistable holding mechanism, an operating mechanism and a group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism or the operating mechanism to open the mechanical fast switch; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the operating mechanism to close the mechanical fast switch; when the connecting rod moves to open or close, the bistable holding mechanism applies a holding force to the opening and closing state of the connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a repulsion coil and a repulsion disk, and the repulsion disk is fixed on the connecting rod. The repulsion coil applies repulsion to the repulsion disk to drive the mechanical fast switch to move to the opening position.

[0011] Furthermore, the bistable holding mechanism includes a bistable spring and a connecting rod, one end of the bistable spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the open position or the closed position, the bistable spring remains in a compressed state, and a holding force of the open or closed state is applied to the connecting rod through the connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the bistable holding mechanism includes a bistable disc spring, the outer end of which is fixed, and the inner end is fixedly connected to the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the open position or the closed position, the bistable disc spring remains in a compressed state, and a holding force of the open or closed state is applied to the connecting rod through the bistable disc spring.

[0013] Furthermore, the connecting rod is connected to the operating mechanism through an interlocking mechanism, in which a clamping arm is installed; the clamping arm retracts into the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical fast switch completes closing, and pops out from the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical fast switch completes opening; when closing, the operating mechanism abuts against the clamping arm, pushing the connecting rod to move toward the closing position.

[0014] Furthermore, the operating mechanism is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism, which is used to drive the connecting rod to move under normal working conditions to achieve closing and opening of the mechanical fast switch. Under fault conditions, the mechanical fast switch is opened by the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

[0015] Furthermore, the operating mechanism is a monostable permanent magnet mechanism or an electromagnetic mechanism, which is used to drive the connecting rod to move to close the mechanical fast switch. Under normal operating conditions and fault conditions, the mechanical fast switch is opened by the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

[0016] Furthermore, a locking hole is opened in the interlocking mechanism, and a locking rod is installed on the operating mechanism; the locking rod passes through the locking hole; and the size of the locking hole along the movement direction of the connecting rod is not less than the maximum stroke of the connecting rod.

[0017] Furthermore, a buffer device is installed below the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and / or the operating mechanism.

[0018] Furthermore, the buffer device is an oil buffer, a gas buffer, a damping buffer or a spring buffer.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism of the present invention, on the one hand, only adopts one set of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms. Compared with the dual electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms, the present invention can effectively reduce the number of repulsion coils and drive circuits, reduce the volume, save costs, realize the miniaturization and intensification of circuit breakers, and solve the problem of large volume and high cost of the fast mechanical switch mechanism and drive circuit; on the other hand, in the fast opening process of the present invention, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the permanent magnet mechanism are completely independent, and the permanent magnet mechanism will not affect the opening speed of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, avoid the bounce caused by rigid collision, improve the opening speed of the fast mechanical switch, and solve the problem of rigid collision between the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the operating mechanism; on the other hand, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the permanent magnet mechanism of the present invention can both realize the opening operation, and two sets of completely independent opening mechanisms are provided. Under short-circuit conditions, rapid opening is realized by the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and under normal conditions, normal opening is realized by the permanent magnet mechanism, which reduces the number of actions of the permanent magnet mechanism and greatly improves the reliability and service life of the fast mechanical switch. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the opening completion state of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate state during the closing process of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the closing completion state of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate state during the normal opening process of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate state of the emergency opening process of Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the opening completion state of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate state during the closing process of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the closing completion state of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the intermediate state of the opening process of Example 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Numbers in the figure: 1-vacuum interrupter, 2-insulating pull rod, 3-connecting rod, 4-repulsion coil, 5-repulsion disk, 6-connecting rod, 7-bistable spring, 8-buffer device, 9-clamp arm, 10-interlocking mechanism, 11-locking hole, 12-locking rod, 13-bistable permanent magnet mechanism, 14-bistable disc spring, 15-monostable permanent magnet mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Embodiment 1:

[0032] One embodiment of the present invention is a mechanical fast switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. The structure of the mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is shown in Figure 1 .

[0033] The vacuum arc chamber 1 is connected to the connecting rod 3 through the insulating pull rod 2. An electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and a bistable holding mechanism are installed on the connecting rod 3; the repulsion coil 4 and the repulsion disk 5 form an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, and the repulsion disk 5 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 3. The bistable holding mechanism includes a bistable spring 7 and a connecting rod 6, one end of the connecting rod 6 is connected to the bistable spring 7, and the other end is connected to the connecting rod 3; when the connecting rod 3 moves upward or downward, the bistable spring 7 remains in a compressed state, and a holding force is applied to the state of the connecting rod 3 through the connecting rod 6. In this embodiment, only the bistable spring is used as an example, but it is not limited to the bistable spring, and it can also be other types of bistable holding mechanisms, such as a bistable disc spring, and the bistable holding mechanism used can be used as long as it can achieve the above functions. The operating mechanism adopts a bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13, which can realize closing and opening operations. The connecting rod 3 is connected to the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 through an interlocking mechanism 10, and the interlocking mechanism 10 is fixed at the lower end of the connecting rod 3; a card arm 9 that can be ejected and retracted is installed in the interlocking mechanism 10. A locking hole 11 is opened in the interlocking mechanism 10, and a locking rod 12 is installed above the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13. The locking rod 12 can move up and down in the locking hole 11. The diameter of the locking hole 11 is not less than the maximum stroke of the connecting rod 12, that is, the maximum stroke of the connecting rod 3 when the gate is opened; a buffer device 8 is installed below the repulsion disk 5 and the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 to play a buffering role in the gate opening process. The buffer 8 can be implemented by an oil buffer, a gas buffer, a damping buffer or a spring buffer.

[0034] Under normal working conditions, the mechanical fast switch uses a bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 to realize the closing and opening operations of the mechanical fast switch, and uses a bistable holding mechanism to maintain the opening and closing states of the mechanical fast switch. Under fault conditions, the mechanical fast switch uses an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism to realize the fast opening operation of the mechanical fast switch.

[0035] The specific opening and closing operation process is as follows:

[0036] 1. Closing operation under normal working conditions

[0037] See also Figure 1 , the initial position of the vacuum interrupter 1 is in the opening completion state, and the clamping arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in the pop-up state. Figure 2 , the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 closes the circuit breaker. The bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 pushes the pop-up arm 9 to move upward, driving the interlocking mechanism 10, the connecting rod 3, and the insulating pull rod 2 to move upward, so that the vacuum interrupter 1 closes the circuit breaker. The connecting rod 3 drives the bistable holding mechanism to move upward. Since the bistable spring 7 remains in a compressed state, it continuously generates a force along the connecting rod 6, thereby applying a force to the connecting rod 3 toward the closing position, that is, the bistable holding mechanism is in the closing holding position, providing a closing state holding force for the vacuum interrupter 1. See Figure 3After the vacuum interrupter 1 is in the closing position, the clamping arm 9 is retracted into the interlocking mechanism 10.

[0038] 2. Opening operation under normal working conditions

[0039] See also Figure 3 , the vacuum interrupter 1 is initially in the closed position, and the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in the retracted state. Figure 4 , the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 opens, and the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 moves downward, overcoming the closing state holding force provided by the bistable holding mechanism. The locking rod 12 above the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 drives the interlocking mechanism 10, the connecting rod 3, and the insulating pull rod 2 to move to the opening position, so that the vacuum interrupter 1 opens. The connecting rod 3 drives the bistable holding mechanism to move to the opening position. Since the bistable spring 7 remains in a compressed state, it continuously generates a force along the connecting rod 6, thereby applying a force to the opening position to the connecting rod 3, that is, the bistable holding mechanism is in the opening holding position, providing the opening state holding force of the vacuum interrupter 1. The buffer device 8 installed at the repulsion disk 5 and the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 plays a buffering role during the opening process. See Figure 1 After the vacuum interrupter 1 is in the opening position, the clamping arm 9 pops out from the interlocking mechanism 10.

[0040] 3. Emergency tripping under fault conditions

[0041] See also Figure 3 , the vacuum interrupter 1 is initially in the closed state, and the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in the retracted state. Figure 5 After a short-circuit fault occurs, the repulsion coil 4 discharges, and the repulsion disk 5 starts to open the circuit. The repulsion force generated overcomes the closing state holding force provided by the bistable holding mechanism 7, driving the interlocking mechanism 10, the connecting rod 3, and the insulating pull rod 2 to move to the opening position. At this time, the clamping arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in a retracted state, and the clamping arm 9 has no contact with the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13. The interlocking mechanism 10 starts fault opening without contacting the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13, which can shorten the fault opening time. The connecting rod 3 drives the bistable holding mechanism to move to the opening position. Since the bistable spring 7 remains in a compressed state, it continuously generates a force along the connecting rod 6, thereby applying a force to the connecting rod 3 toward the opening position, that is, the bistable holding mechanism is in the opening holding position, providing the opening state holding force of the vacuum interrupter 1. See Figure 1 After the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism completes the opening action, the bistable permanent magnet mechanism 13 moves to the opening position. After reaching the opening position, the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 pops out to perform the next closing cycle.

[0042] Embodiment 2:

[0043] Another embodiment of the present invention is a mechanical fast switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism. The structure of the mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is shown in Figure 6 The operating mechanism adopts a monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15. In this embodiment, only a monostable permanent magnet mechanism is used as an example, but it is not limited to the monostable permanent magnet mechanism, and other types of monostable operating mechanisms can also be used. The monostable operating mechanism used can be any one as long as it can realize the monostable closing function.

[0044] Under normal operating conditions, the mechanical fast switch adopts a monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15 to realize the closing operation of the mechanical fast switch, adopts an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism to realize the normal opening operation of the mechanical fast switch, and adopts a bistable holding mechanism to maintain the opening state and closing state of the mechanical fast switch. The bistable holding mechanism includes a bistable disc spring 14 fixedly connected to the connecting rod 3; when the connecting rod 3 moves upward or downward, the bistable disc spring 14 remains in a compressed state, applying a holding force to the state of the connecting rod 3. During the normal opening operation, the discharge voltage at both ends of the repulsion coil 4 of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism can be reduced, so as to reduce the opening speed of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism under normal operating conditions, and improve the reliability and service life of the fast mechanical switch. Under fault conditions, the mechanical fast switch adopts an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism to realize the rapid opening operation of the mechanical fast switch.

[0045] The specific opening and closing operation process is as follows:

[0046] 1. Closing operation under normal working conditions

[0047] See also Figure 6 , the initial position of the vacuum interrupter 1 is in the opening completion state, and the clamping arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in the pop-up state. Figure 7 , the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15 closes the circuit breaker. The monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15 pushes the popped-out arm 9 to move upward, driving the interlocking mechanism 10, the connecting rod 3, and the insulating pull rod 2 to move upward, so that the vacuum interrupter 1 closes the circuit breaker. The connecting rod 3 drives the bistable holding mechanism to move upward. Since the bistable disc spring 14 is in a compressed state, the connecting rod 3 continuously applies a force toward the closing position, that is, the bistable holding mechanism is in the closing holding position, providing a closing state holding force for the vacuum interrupter 1. Figure 8 After the vacuum interrupter 1 is in the closing position, the clamping arm 9 is retracted into the interlocking mechanism 10.

[0048] 2. Opening operation under normal working conditions:

[0049] See also Figure 8 , the vacuum interrupter 1 is initially in the closed state, and the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in the retracted state. Fig. 9, the repulsion coil 4 discharges, and the repulsion disk 5 starts the opening action. The repulsion force generated overcomes the closing state holding force provided by the bistable holding mechanism, driving the interlocking mechanism 10, the connecting rod 3, and the insulating pull rod 2 to move to the opening position. At this time, since the clamping arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in a retracted state, the clamping arm 9 has no contact with the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15. The interlocking mechanism 10 starts to open normally without contacting the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15. The connecting rod 3 drives the bistable holding mechanism to move to the opening position. Since the bistable disc spring 14 is in a compressed state, the connecting rod 3 is continuously applied with a force toward the opening position, that is, the bistable holding mechanism is in the opening holding position, providing the opening state holding force of the vacuum interrupter 1. See Figure 6 After the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism completes the opening action, the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15 moves to the opening position. After reaching the opening position, the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 pops out to perform the next closing cycle.

[0050] 3. Emergency tripping under fault conditions:

[0051] See also Figure 8 , the vacuum interrupter 1 is initially in the closed state, and the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in the retracted state. Fig. 9 , the repulsion coil 4 discharges, and the repulsion disk 5 starts the opening action. The repulsion force generated overcomes the closing state holding force provided by the bistable holding mechanism, driving the interlocking mechanism 10, the connecting rod 3, and the insulating pull rod 2 to move to the opening position. At this time, since the clamping arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 is in a retracted state, the clamping arm 9 has no contact with the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15. The interlocking mechanism 10 starts to open quickly without contacting the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15. The connecting rod 3 drives the bistable holding mechanism to move to the opening position. Since the bistable disc spring 14 is in a compressed state, the connecting rod 3 is continuously applied with a force toward the opening position, that is, the bistable holding mechanism is in the opening holding position, providing the opening state holding force of the vacuum interrupter 1. See Figure 6 After the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism completes the opening action, the monostable permanent magnet mechanism 15 moves to the opening position. After reaching the opening position, the arm 9 in the interlocking mechanism 10 pops out to perform the next closing cycle.

[0052] Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the content defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A mechanical quick switch based on an electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a connecting rod, a bistable holding mechanism, an operating mechanism and a group of electromagnetic repulsion mechanisms; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism or the operating mechanism to open the mechanical fast switch; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the operating mechanism to close the mechanical fast switch; when the connecting rod moves to open or close, the bistable holding mechanism applies a holding force to the opening and closing state of the connecting rod; The connecting rod is connected to the operating mechanism through an interlocking mechanism, and a clamping arm is installed in the interlocking mechanism; the clamping arm retracts into the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical fast switch completes closing, and has no contact with the operating mechanism; it pops out from the interlocking mechanism when the mechanical fast switch completes opening; when closing, the operating mechanism contacts the clamping arm, pushing the connecting rod to move to the closing position; A locking hole is provided in the interlocking mechanism, and a locking rod is installed on the operating mechanism; the locking rod passes through the locking hole and can move up and down in the locking hole; the connecting rod moves under the drive of the operating mechanism, so that when the mechanical fast switch is opened, the locking rod drives the interlocking mechanism and the connecting rod to move to the opening position; the size of the locking hole along the movement direction of the connecting rod is not less than the maximum stroke of the connecting rod; The electromagnetic repulsion mechanism includes a repulsion coil and a repulsion disk, the repulsion disk is fixed on the connecting rod, and the repulsion coil applies repulsion to the repulsion disk to drive the mechanical fast switch to move to the opening position; wherein, The operating mechanism is a bistable permanent magnet mechanism, which is used to drive the connecting rod to move under normal working conditions to achieve the closing and opening of the mechanical fast switch, and under fault conditions, the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism is used to open the mechanical fast switch; Alternatively, the operating mechanism is a monostable permanent magnet mechanism or an electromagnetic mechanism, which is used to drive the connecting rod to move to close the mechanical fast switch. Under normal operating conditions and fault conditions, the mechanical fast switch is opened by the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism.

2. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bistable holding mechanism includes a bistable spring and a connecting rod, one end of the bistable spring is fixed, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the open position or the closed position, the bistable spring remains in a compressed state, and a holding force of the open or closed state is applied to the connecting rod through the connecting rod.

3. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bistable holding mechanism includes a bistable disc spring, the outer end of which is fixed, and the inner end is fixedly connected to the connecting rod; when the connecting rod moves to the open position or the closed position, the bistable disc spring remains in a compressed state, and a holding force of the open or closed state is applied to the connecting rod through the bistable disc spring.

4. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer device is installed below the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and / or the operating mechanism.

5. The mechanical fast switch based on the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer device is an oil buffer, a gas buffer, a damping buffer or a spring buffer.

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