A large artificial indoor ice rink and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of ice rink construction, and discloses a large-scale artificial indoor ice rink and a construction method thereof. The present invention includes a rink foundation structure and an ice layer temperature control system; the rink foundation structure includes a foundation pressure-bearing layer, a bottom plate heating layer, a vapor barrier layer, a thermal insulation layer, an isolation layer, a waterproof layer, a sliding layer, an ice plate fine-leveling layer, an ice rink pressure-bearing layer and an ice layer from bottom to top; the bottom plate heating layer includes a water supply pipe, a return pipe, a heating coil and a backfill layer covering the pipe, the heating coil is evenly distributed and coiled on the upper surface of the foundation pressure-bearing layer, and is connected to the water supply pipe and the return pipe; the sliding layer includes three layers of HDPE film arranged in an upper and lower overlapped manner; the ice plate fine-leveling layer and the ice rink pressure-bearing layer are both reinforced concrete structures, and a refrigeration pipe network and an upper steel mesh are arranged in the ice rink pressure-bearing layer from bottom to top.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ice rink construction, in particular to a large-scale artificial indoor ice rink and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the popularity of ice sports, skating is no longer restricted by seasons, indoor ice rinks have emerged, and artificial ice-making technology has become more and more mature.

[0003] Existing artificial ice-making devices generally set up a refrigeration pipe network under the pressure-bearing layer of the ice layer, set up a refrigeration liquid supply main pipe and a return air main pipe on one side of the ice rink, and use a refrigeration exhaust pipe to connect them. The refrigerant medium in the refrigeration exhaust pipe exchanges heat with the pressure-bearing layer, thereby reducing the temperature of the pressure-bearing layer in direct contact with the ice layer, thereby achieving freezing of the ice layer.

[0004] However, in this way, the pressure-bearing layer in direct contact with the ice layer will be displaced from the functional layers below due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the ice surface. At the same time, the cold energy of the pressure-bearing layer will penetrate downward to the lower structural plate, causing condensation to form on the surface of the lower structural plate. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a large-scale artificial indoor ice rink and a construction method thereof which can avoid displacement of a pressure-bearing layer, effectively prevent condensation on a bottom structural plate and have a good refrigeration effect.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved is: the pressure-bearing layer of the existing artificial ice-making system that is in direct contact with the ice layer will be displaced from the functional layers below due to the thermal expansion and contraction of the ice surface. At the same time, the cold energy of the pressure-bearing layer will penetrate downward to the lower structural plate, causing condensation to form on the surface of the lower structural plate.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The invention discloses a large-scale artificial indoor ice rink, comprising a rink foundation structure and an ice layer temperature control system; the characteristics are as follows: the rink foundation structure comprises, from bottom to top, a foundation pressure-bearing layer, a bottom plate heating layer, a vapor barrier layer, a thermal insulation layer, an isolation layer, a waterproof layer, a sliding layer, an ice plate fine-leveling layer, an ice rink pressure-bearing layer and an ice layer; the bottom plate heating layer comprises a water supply pipe, a return water pipe, a heating coil and a backfill layer covering the pipe, the water supply pipe and the return water pipe are arranged in parallel in a pipe groove opened on the upper surface of the foundation pressure-bearing layer, the heating coil is evenly distributed and coiled on the upper surface of the foundation pressure-bearing layer, and connects the water supply pipe and the return water pipe; the sliding layer comprises three layers of HDPE film arranged in an upper and lower overlapped manner; the ice plate fine-leveling layer and the ice rink pressure-bearing layer are both reinforced concrete structures, and a refrigeration pipe network and an upper steel mesh are arranged in the ice rink pressure-bearing layer from bottom to top;

[0009] The ice layer temperature control system includes an ice making system connected to a refrigeration network, a first temperature sensor arranged in a bottom plate heating layer, a second temperature sensor arranged between an ice rink pressure layer and an ice layer, an infrared temperature sensor arranged above the ice rink, and a control system.

[0010] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Further, the main pipe ditch is located at one side of the ice rink, the water inlet of the heating coil is connected to the water supply main pipe, the water outlet is connected to the return water main pipe, the water inlet of the water supply main pipe is connected to the manifold through a heat circulation pump, the water outlet of the return water main pipe is connected to the manifold, and the signal input end of the heat circulation pump is electrically connected to the signal output end of the control system.

[0011] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Further, the vapor barrier layer is a PE film, and adjacent PE films are overlapped and bonded to fix; the thermal insulation layer is a double-layer extruded board stacked up and down, the extruded boards of each layer are staggered, and adjacent layers of extruded boards are pressed, and the thickness of the thermal insulation layer is not less than 100 mm.

[0012] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Further, the waterproof layer is an SBS modified asphalt waterproof roll material with a thickness of not less than 4 mm, adjacent waterproof roll materials are overlapped and fixed, and a first protective layer is arranged between the waterproof layer and the isolation layer, and the first protective layer is a mortar layer with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

[0013] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Furthermore, lubricating oil is coated between adjacent HDPE films in the sliding layer, a second protective layer is arranged between the sliding layer and the waterproof layer, and the second protective layer is a mortar layer with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

[0014] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Further, the refrigeration pipe network includes a liquid supply main pipe, an air return main pipe, a balance pipe and a refrigeration drain pipe. The two ends of the refrigeration drain pipe are respectively connected to the liquid supply main pipe and the balance pipe. The balance pipe is connected to the air return main pipe. The distance between adjacent refrigeration drain pipes is not more than 100 mm. The refrigeration drain pipe is fixed on the ice plate fine leveling layer through a pipe seat grid.

[0015] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Further, the first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are evenly arranged within the ice rink, the infrared temperature sensor is arranged on the top of the building above the ice rink, and the head of the infrared temperature sensor is arranged perpendicular to the ice surface. The signal output ends of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the infrared temperature sensor are electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system, respectively, and the signal output end of the control system is electrically connected to the ice making system.

[0016] The present invention provides a large-scale artificial indoor ice rink. Furthermore, the pipe seat grid is a grid-like structure formed by criss-crossing arrangement of transverse pipe seat bars and longitudinal support bars, and is arranged on the fine-leveling layer of the ice plate. The top surface of the transverse pipe seat bars is horizontally provided with pipe grooves for clamping frozen drainage pipes. The axes of the pipe grooves are perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse pipe seat bars and are arranged one by one with the frozen drainage pipes. The height of the longitudinal support bars is higher than the height of the transverse pipe seat bars, and the upper steel mesh is arranged above the longitudinal support bars.

[0017] The present invention provides a large artificial indoor ice rink. Further, the ice making system is a transcritical CO2 ice making system.

[0018] The invention discloses a construction method for a large artificial indoor ice rink, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Clean and level the surface of the base pressure-bearing layer;

[0020] Step 2: Construction of bottom plate heating layer:

[0021] 2.1. Lay the water supply pipe and return pipe in the main trench;

[0022] 2.2. Lay out the heating coil and connect it to the water supply pipe and the return pipe;

[0023] 2.3. Set up and connect the first temperature sensor within the ice rink;

[0024] 2.4. Perform pressure test on heating system pipelines;

[0025] 2.5. After the pressure test is passed, the pressure in the pipe is reduced to the working pressure, and the backfill layer is constructed under the pressure-maintaining state of the pipeline;

[0026] Step 3: Construction of vapor barrier layer;

[0027] Step 4: Insulation layer construction: Lay the extruded boards from bottom to top, stagger the seams of each layer of extruded boards, and press the seams of adjacent layers of extruded boards;

[0028] Step 5: Construction of isolation layer;

[0029] Step 6: Waterproof layer construction;

[0030] Step 7: Sliding layer construction: Lay three layers of HDPE film from bottom to top, and apply lubricating oil between adjacent HDPE films;

[0031] Step 8: Fine leveling of ice plate;

[0032] Step 9: Construction of the pressure-bearing layer of the ice rink: Construction should be carried out in accordance with the following steps:

[0033] 9.1. Arrange the refrigeration main pipeline in the same program mode;

[0034] 9.2. Lay out the wires and locate the pipe seat grid, determine the location of the grid, and install the grid;

[0035] 9.3. Lay out the freezing drainage pipes and fix them on the pipe seat grid;

[0036] 9.4. After the installation of the refrigeration network is completed, the pipelines shall be inspected and the refrigeration and exhaust pipes shall be filled with nitrogen to maintain the pressure;

[0037] 9.5. Under the pressure-maintaining state of the freezing drainage pipe, install the upper steel mesh, pour the antifreeze concrete, and cure it to the standard strength;

[0038] Step 10: Set up the ice layer temperature control system and construct other electrical systems.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the large artificial indoor ice rink and the construction method thereof of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0040] The ice rink of the present invention is provided with a bottom plate heating layer above the basic pressure-bearing layer, and the layer is heated to prevent the structural bottom plate within the ice surface from freezing or condensing due to too low temperature. A temperature sensor is arranged in the layer and connected to the control system to monitor the temperature in the layer in real time, flexibly adjust the heating degree, ensure the heating effect economically and efficiently, and has strong practicality.

[0041] The present invention reserves displacement space for thermal expansion and contraction around the ice rink, and at the same time provides a sliding layer, which is paved with three layers of PE film. Therefore, when the concrete surface is displaced, the friction resistance is reduced, the concrete surface moves evenly, and the probability of cracks is greatly reduced; and lubricating oil is evenly applied between each layer to enhance the slide effect, so that the sliding and contraction of the upper layer is isolated from the lower layer without affecting each other, thereby greatly improving the sliding efficiency and effectively avoiding cracks in the concrete of the pressure-bearing layer of the ice surface due to the thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon.

[0042] The CO2 transcritical ice-making system of the present invention is a refrigeration system for ice rinks, using CO2 as a refrigerant and also as a coolant, which is pollution-free, natural, easy to extract, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, and safe; the CO2 system is direct evaporation refrigeration, changing from gas to liquid, reducing the intermediate cold exchange procedure, greatly saving the loss of cold capacity, and having good energy-saving performance; the CO2 system has a small ice surface temperature difference and high precision. The carbon dioxide refrigerant remains constant during the heat exchange process on the ice surface, so the ice surface temperature is easier to control, the controllable ice surface temperature difference is small, and there will be no phenomenon of ice surface softening after ice repair (ice pouring between games), and the ice making effect is good and stable. CO2 refrigerant transfers heat in the form of phase change heat (latent heat). The heat exchange efficiency of the ice surface cold row pipe is much higher than that of the ethylene glycol refrigeration system. Compared with the traditional ethylene glycol refrigeration system, the comprehensive utilization of cold and heat saves 50% to 70% of energy. It has extremely high refrigeration and transportation capacity. For the same ice production capacity of the ice rink, the circulation volume of CO2 is 5% to 10% of the circulation volume of the ethylene glycol solution, and the dynamic viscosity of CO2 is 1% to 3% of the dynamic viscosity of the ethylene glycol solution (45% concentration). Therefore, for the CO2 direct evaporation ice rink ice making system with the same ice production capacity, the motor power of the CO2 liquid pump is generally about 10% of the power of the ethylene glycol circulation pump.

[0043] A large artificial indoor ice rink and a construction method thereof of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a large-scale artificial indoor ice rink of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the bottom plate heating layer;

[0046] Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the refrigeration network;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the freezing and draining pipe;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the longitudinal support frame;

[0049] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the ice making system.

[0050] Reference numerals:

[0051] 11- foundation pressure-bearing layer; 12- bottom plate heating layer; 121- water supply main pipe; 122- water return main pipe; 123- heating coil; 124- backfill layer; 125- heat circulation pump; 126- manifold; 13- vapor barrier layer; 14- insulation layer; 15- isolation layer; 16- waterproof layer; 17- sliding layer; 18- ice plate fine leveling layer; 19- ice field pressure-bearing layer; 191- upper steel mesh; 20- ice layer; 2- main pipe groove; 31- first protective layer; 32- second protective layer; 41- supply Liquid main pipe; 42-return air main pipe; 43-balance pipe; 44-freeze-discharge pipe; 5-horizontal pipe seat rack; 6-longitudinal support rack; 61-support base plate; 62-π-shaped bracket; 63-connecting rod; 71-CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit; 72-cooling tower; 73-high temperature heat recovery device; 74-medium temperature heat recovery device; 75-low temperature heat recovery device; 81-cooling pipe; 82-return water pipe; 83-cooling water circulation pump; 84-water supply pipe; 91-filter; 92-softening water tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a large artificial indoor ice rink of the present invention includes a rink infrastructure and an ice layer temperature control system.

[0053] The venue foundation structure includes, from bottom to top, a foundation pressure-bearing layer 11, a bottom plate heating layer 12, a vapor barrier layer 13, an insulation layer 14, an isolation layer 15, a waterproof layer 16, a sliding layer 17, an ice plate fine-leveling layer 18, an ice rink pressure-bearing layer 19 and an ice layer 20. The foundation pressure-bearing layer 11 is a reinforced concrete foundation structure with a surface flatness within ±10mm, without burrs, peeling, bulging, exposed reinforcement and the like.

[0054] like Figure 2As shown, the bottom plate heating layer 12 includes a water supply pipe 121, a return pipe 122, a heating coil 123 and a backfill layer 124 covering the pipe. The water supply pipe 121 and the return pipe 122 are arranged in parallel in the main pipe groove 2. The width of the main pipe groove 2 is 1500-1800mm, the depth is not less than 450mm, and it is arranged on one side outside the ice rink and is arranged along the width direction of the ice rink. The water inlet of the heating coil 123 is connected to the water supply pipe 121, and the water outlet is connected to the return pipe 122. The heating coil 123 is evenly distributed and coiled on the upper surface of the basic pressure-bearing layer 11. The heating coil 123 is evenly distributed and coiled. The pipe mouth of the pipe 123 is hot-melt connected to the water supply pipe 121 or the return water pipe 122. The water inlet of the water supply pipe 121 is connected to the manifold 126 through the heat circulation pump 125, and the water outlet of the return water pipe 122 is connected to the manifold 126. The heat circulation pump 125 is electrically connected to the ice layer temperature control system. The diameter of the water supply pipe 121 and the return water pipe 122 is not less than 75 mm, and the distance between adjacent pipes in the heating coil 123 is not more than 500 mm. The backfill layer 124 is a fine sand layer with a thickness of not less than 120 mm, which is backfilled and compacted to protect the heating pipe.

[0055] The vapor barrier layer 13 is used to prevent moisture from rising under the base pressure-bearing layer 11. It is a PE film with a thickness of not less than 0.2 mm. Adjacent PE films are overlapped and connected with an overlap width of not less than 200 mm. They are bonded and fixed to ensure tight bonding without vapor leakage.

[0056] The insulation layer 14 is a double-layer extruded board stacked up and down. The extruded board is a polystyrene extruded insulation board with a compressive strength of more than 300KPa and a fire protection grade of B1. The extruded boards of each layer are staggered and the adjacent layers of extruded boards are pressed. The thickness of the insulation layer 14 is not less than 100mm, which can effectively prevent the cold air from the ice surface from transferring downward, affecting the temperature of the base pressure-bearing layer 11, and preventing condensation on the top plate of the lower layer of the base pressure-bearing layer 11.

[0057] The isolation layer 15 is a PE film with a thickness of not less than 0.2 mm. Adjacent PE films are overlapped and bonded, and the overlap width is not less than 200 mm to ensure tight bonding to prevent cement mortar, moisture, etc. from seeping into the insulation layer 14 and affecting the thermal insulation effect.

[0058] The waterproof layer 16 is a SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane with a polyester base of -25℃ and a thickness of not less than 4mm. Adjacent waterproofing membranes are overlapped and fixed, and the overlap width is not less than 100mm. They are bonded or heated and welded to prevent the water on the ice surface from flowing downward and affecting the functional layers below. A first protective layer 31 is arranged between the waterproof layer 16 and the isolation layer 15. The first protective layer 31 is a mortar layer with a thickness of not less than 50mm. The mortar layer is a C25 fine stone concrete mortar layer, which is the protective layer of the isolation layer 15 and also serves as the base of the waterproof layer 16. A φ4@200mm×200mm cold-drawn steel wire mesh can also be laid in the first protective layer 31 to enhance the strength of the first protective layer 31 and prevent the protective layer from cracking. In order to better combine the waterproof layer 16 with the first protective layer 31 below, a cold primer layer is also coated between the waterproof layer 16 and the first protective layer 31.

[0059] The sliding layer 17 includes three layers of HDPE film stacked up and down, the thickness of the HDPE film is not less than 0.2mm, and lubricating oil is applied between adjacent HDPE films. The sliding coefficient between adjacent HDPE films is ≤0.1, so as to enhance the sliding effect, and play the role of isolating the sliding expansion and contraction of the upper layer from the lower layer without affecting each other, thereby greatly improving the sliding efficiency. The ice surface will produce thermal expansion and contraction due to temperature changes during the freezing and thawing process, so that displacement is likely to occur between the ice plate fine leveling layer 18 and the functional layers of the lower layer. The setting of the sliding layer 17 can make the entire ice plate fine leveling layer 18 slide evenly on the sliding layer 17, reduce the friction resistance of the ice plate fine leveling layer 18 to avoid cracks in the ice plate fine leveling layer 18 due to the thermal expansion and contraction phenomenon. A second protective layer 32 is provided between the sliding layer 17 and the waterproof layer 16. The second protective layer 32 is a mortar layer with a thickness of not less than 50 mm. The mortar layer is a C25 fine stone concrete mortar layer. A φ4@200mm×200mm cold-drawn steel wire mesh can also be laid in the second protective layer 32 to enhance the strength of the first protective layer 31 and prevent the protective layer from cracking.

[0060] The ice plate fine-leveling layer 18 is a reinforced concrete structure with a thickness of not less than 60 mm. It is cast with F150 C35 antifreeze concrete and has a built-in 200mm×200mm bidirectional steel mesh. It is mainly used for leveling and providing a supporting foundation for the ice rink pressure layer 19 above. The width of the partition joints in the ice plate fine-leveling layer 18 is not less than 2 cm, and the distance between adjacent partition joints does not exceed 6 m. The partition joints are connected to the sliding layer 17 below.

[0061] The pressure-bearing layer 19 of the ice rink is a reinforced concrete structure with a thickness of not less than 60 mm. It is cast with F200 C35 antifreeze concrete. The aggregate in the antifreeze concrete is fine stone. A refrigeration pipe network and an upper steel mesh 191 are arranged from bottom to top in the pressure-bearing layer 19 of the ice rink. The upper steel mesh 191 is a 100mm×100mm steel mesh. The thickness of the protective layer of the upper steel mesh 191 is not less than 20 mm. An expansion joint is left between the edge of the pressure-bearing layer 19 of the ice rink and the surrounding adjacent foundation structures. The width of the expansion joint is 20-30 mm. The expansion joint is filled with polyethylene foam plastic, and an expansion joint cover is arranged on the surface to provide a displacement space for thermal expansion and contraction around the pressure-bearing layer 19 of the ice rink.

[0062] Among them, Figure 3 As shown, the refrigeration pipe network includes a liquid supply pipe 41, a return air pipe 42, a balance pipe 43 and a freezing and exhaust pipe 44. The liquid supply pipe 41, the return air pipe 42 and the balance pipe 43 are all copper pipes with a diameter of not less than 100 mm, buried in the main pipe groove 2, arranged in parallel with the water supply pipe 121 and the return water pipe 122 in the bottom plate heating layer 12, and arranged in parallel with the length direction of the main pipe groove 2. The ends of the liquid supply pipe 41 and the return air pipe 42 are connected to the refrigeration system through valves respectively, and one end of the balance pipe 43 is connected to the air inlet of the return air pipe 42 to ensure that each part of the ice rink is cooled evenly and the thickness and hardness of the ice surface are consistent; the return air pipe 42 is provided with a pressure gauge and an exhaust valve for real-time monitoring and control of the pressure stability in the refrigeration pipe network. 4 is a coated copper tube with a diameter not greater than 16 mm, and its two ends are connected to the liquid supply main pipe 41 and the balance pipe 43 respectively. The freezing and draining pipe 44 is connected to the liquid supply main pipe 41 and the balance pipe 43 by gas welding with a high silver electrode. The distance between adjacent freezing and draining pipes 44 is not greater than 100 mm. Two adjacent rows of freezing and draining pipes 44 are connected by a U-shaped pipe to achieve a return bend. The freezing and draining pipes 44 and the U-shaped pipe are connected by gas welding, which solves the problem of no redundant draining pipes outside the boundary wall of the ice rink and ensures that the draining pipes are arranged on the same plane, completely solves the problem of several layers of overlapping draining pipes, is more conducive to the level of the draining pipes on the ice surface, realizes full liquid supply, and ensures the refrigeration effect. In addition, due to the reduction of the draining pipe area outside the boundary wall, the redundant refrigeration area is reduced by nearly 1 / 10, which greatly saves money.

[0063] The freezing pipe 44 is fixed on the ice plate fine flat layer 18 through the pipe seat grid. Figure 4As shown, the pipe seat grid is a grid structure formed by criss-crossing arrangement of transverse pipe seat bars 5 and longitudinal support bars 6. The transverse pipe seat bars 5 are strip structures with a rectangular longitudinal section, which are arranged along the width direction of the ice rink and are evenly spaced along the length direction of the ice rink, and are fixed on the ice plate fine leveling layer 18 by nailing; the distance between adjacent transverse pipe seat bars 5 is not more than 1m, and the transverse pipe seat bars 5 are made of PE material. A pipe groove for fixing the freezing and draining pipe 44 is horizontally opened on the top surface. The axis of the pipe groove is perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse pipe seat bars 5 and is arranged one by one with the freezing and draining pipe 44. The pipe groove is a semicircular groove opening upward. The freezing and draining pipe 44 is straddled on the transverse pipe seat bars 5 and fixed in the pipe groove. The pipe diameter of the groove matches the freezing and draining pipe 44.

[0064] like Figure 5 As shown, the longitudinal support bar frame 6 includes a support base plate 61, π-shaped brackets 62 arranged in parallel on the support base plate 61, and a connecting rod 63 connecting adjacent π-shaped brackets 62. The support base plate 61 is a rectangular low-carbon alloy steel plate strip with a thickness not exceeding 4 mm, which is horizontally placed on the ice plate fine flat layer 18, and its two ends are arranged in contact with the transverse pipe seat bar frames 5 on both sides. The π-shaped bracket 62 includes a vertically arranged n-shaped bracket with an opening facing downward. The n-shaped bracket is arranged along the length direction of the support base plate 61. The two open ends of the n-shaped bracket are vertically bent and then horizontally extended outward to form horizontal ribs. The two horizontal ribs are respectively located on both sides of the n-shaped bracket. The horizontal ribs are connected to the n-shaped bracket. The support bottom plate 61 is welded and fixed, and the π-shaped bracket 62 is formed by bending a steel bar with a nominal diameter not exceeding 5 mm. The connecting rod 63 is arranged horizontally through the entire length and is welded and fixed to the top cross bar of the n-row bracket. The height of the longitudinal support bar frame 6 is at least 5 mm higher than the height of the transverse pipe seat bar frame 5. The upper steel mesh 191 in the ice rink pressure layer 19 is arranged on the longitudinal support bar frame 6. The longitudinal support bar frame 6 lifts up the upper steel mesh 191 to prevent the upper steel mesh 191 from contacting the freezing drainage pipe 44 stuck in the pipe groove, causing extrusion damage to the coating layer and copper pipe of the coated copper pipe. The distance between adjacent longitudinal support bars 6 is not more than 1 m.

[0065] The thickness of the ice layer 20 is 30-50 mm, and the thickness can be adjusted according to the different functions of the ice rink.

[0066] The ice layer temperature control system includes an ice making system, a first temperature sensor arranged in the bottom plate heating layer 12, a second temperature sensor arranged between the ice rink pressure layer 19 and the ice layer 20, an infrared temperature sensor arranged above the ice rink, and a control system. The signal output ends of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the infrared temperature sensor are respectively connected to the signal input end of the control system.

[0067] like Figure 6As shown, the ice-making system includes a CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71, a cooling tower 72 and a heat recovery system. The refrigerant outlet of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 is connected to the liquid supply main pipe 41 in the refrigeration network, and the return air main pipe 42 in the refrigeration network is connected to the CO2 return air port of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71. CO2 is used as the refrigerant, and liquid CO2 is transported to the refrigeration network and evenly delivered to various parts of the ice surface through the freeze-discharge pipe 44. The CO2 evaporates and absorbs heat, thereby reducing the temperature above the pressure layer 19 of the ice rink to achieve ice making.

[0068] The CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 adopts water cooling to reduce the temperature, and recovers the heat generated by the unit itself when it is working through the heat recovery system. The heat recovery system includes a high-temperature heat recovery device 73, a medium-temperature heat recovery device 74 and a low-temperature heat recovery device 75. The CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 is connected to the high-temperature heat recovery device 73, the medium-temperature heat recovery device 74 and the low-temperature heat recovery device 75 through pipelines respectively, and the heat released by the CO2 after compression in the unit is sent to the heat recovery system for recycling. The heat recovered by the high-temperature heat recovery device 73 can be used for the rotary dehumidification air-conditioning unit, the anti-condensation air-conditioning unit, and ice pouring. The heat recovered by the medium-temperature heat recovery device 74 can be used for preheating the water supply to the water pump room. The heat recovered by the low-temperature heat recovery device 75 is used for melting ice in the ice melting pool and the bottom plate heating layer 12 through the manifold 126 to prevent the bottom plate from freezing and swelling.

[0069] The cooling water outlet of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 is connected to the liquid inlet of the cooling tower 72 through the cooling pipe 81, and the liquid outlet of the cooling tower 72 is connected to the cooling water inlet of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 through the return pipe 82. The return pipe 82 is connected in series with a cooling water circulation pump 83 and a filter 91 in sequence. The filter 91 is an internal brush type automatic sewage filter. The CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 adopts a water cooling method, wherein the cooling water in the condenser is heat exchanged in the cooling tower 72 to circulate and cool the cooling water. The cooled cooling water is pumped out through the cooling water circulation pump 83, and passes through the filter 91 to remove impurities, and then returns to the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71, circulates and exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the unit to cool the refrigerant CO2.

[0070] The water replenishment port of the cooling tower 72 is connected to the softened water tank 92 through a water replenishment pipe 84 . The softened water tank 92 stores softened tap water to replenish the cooling tower 72 .

[0071] The control system consists of three layers of control. The control system of each refrigeration equipment is a basic three-level control. The central control system PLC is the control core of the refrigeration system and is a second-level control. SCADA is a first-level control, and its main function is data collection and monitoring. The central control system PLC realizes the control and operation of all refrigeration equipment on site, the transmission of signal data, and the programming software completes the flow chart display, control, operation and alarm recording functions. The system controls the temperature sensor, and the signals collected by all temperature sensors are fed back to the control system.

[0072] The second temperature sensors are arranged between the pressure layer 19 and the ice layer 20 of the ice rink, and are evenly arranged in a matrix shape within the ice rink. The signal output end of the second temperature sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the temperature below the ice layer 20 is transmitted to the control system in real time. The start and stop of the compressor unit can be controlled according to the weighted average value of each second temperature sensor. In this embodiment, 9 second temperature sensors are provided and installed at the bottom of the ice layer 20 (nine for use and nine for backup).

[0073] When the ice bottom temperature reaches the set upper limit, the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 starts working. After the carbon dioxide pump is started, the ice surface temperature begins to drop. When the ice bottom temperature reaches the set lower limit, the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 stops or reduces the energy level, thereby achieving temperature control of the ice surface.

[0074] The infrared temperature sensor is installed on the top of the building above the ice rink and fixed to the structural steel beam on the top of the building through a connector. The signal output end of the infrared temperature sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the collected temperature of the upper surface of the ice surface can be transmitted to the control system in real time. The CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 is controlled to increase or decrease the load according to the temperature of the upper surface of the ice surface, thereby controlling the start and stop or energy level reduction of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71. It can predict the change of the temperature field of the ice rink in advance, and timely feedback to the control system to control the compressor unit to respond earlier. The head of the infrared temperature sensor must be perpendicular to the ice surface, and it must be fixed directly downward above the ice surface using the provided foot mounting bracket. The installation position must be at least 3m away from the enclosure and at least 3.5m away from lights, heaters, vents and other heat sources.

[0075] The number of first temperature sensors is no less than four, which are evenly spaced within the ice rink. The signal output end of the first temperature sensor is electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is electrically connected to the signal input end of the heat circulation pump 125. The first temperature sensor transmits the temperature above the base pressure bearing layer 11 to the control system in real time. After the base pressure bearing layer 11 reaches the risk temperature of 3°C, the heat circulation pump 125 is turned on or off through the control system to ensure that the temperature of the base pressure bearing layer 11 is not lower than 3°C to avoid condensation on the bottom plate below; the first temperature sensor is provided with a stainless steel protective sleeve on the outside to effectively protect the sensor probe.

[0076] The invention discloses a construction method for a large artificial indoor ice rink, comprising the following steps:

[0077] Step 1: Clean and smooth the surface of the base pressure-bearing layer 11, ensuring that the smoothness is within ±10 mm, without burrs, peeling, bulging, exposed tendons, etc.

[0078] Step 2: Construction of bottom plate heating layer 12:

[0079] The construction is carried out according to the following steps:

[0080] 2.1. Lay the water supply pipe 121 and the return pipe 122 in the main pipe trench 2, and connect them with the manifold 126. After installation, clean the dirt in the pipes;

[0081] 2.2. Lay out the heating coil 123, connect the heating coil 123 to the water supply pipe 121 and the water return pipe 122, and perform hot-melt welding between the heating coil 123 and the water supply pipe 121 and the water return pipe 122;

[0082] 2.3. Set up and connect the first temperature sensor within the ice rink;

[0083] 2.4. Perform pressure test on heating system pipelines;

[0084] The specific pressure test method is: use a pressure gauge with a range of 0~1.0MPa to test the pressure. The test pressure is 1.5 times the working pressure and shall not be less than 0.6MPa. The pressure drop shall not be greater than 0.05MPa after stabilizing the pressure for 1 hour under the test pressure. Reduce the system pressure to 1.15 times the working pressure, stabilize the pressure for 2 hours, and the pressure drop shall not be greater than 0.03MPa. The system pipeline and each connection shall be qualified if there is no leakage.

[0085] 2.5. After the pressure test is passed, the pressure in the pipe is reduced to the working pressure, and the backfill layer 124 is constructed under the pipeline pressure maintenance state;

[0086] Use medium-coarse sand backfill to protect the heating pipe. When compacting the sand layer, try to avoid the heating pipe and control the compaction degree. Backfilling the main ditch 2 should lay a good foundation for the construction of the insulation layer 14, that is, compaction and leveling.

[0087] Step 3: Construction of vapor barrier layer 13: Adjacent PE films are overlapped and fixed with bonding to ensure that the overlapped parts are tight and leak-proof.

[0088] Step 4, construction of the thermal insulation layer 14: laying the extruded boards in sequence from bottom to top, staggering the extruded boards of each layer, and pressing the seams of the extruded boards of adjacent layers.

[0089] Step 5: Construction of isolation layer 15: overlapping adjacent PE films and bonding them together.

[0090] Step 6: Construction of waterproof layer 16:

[0091] The construction is carried out according to the following steps:

[0092] 6.1. Laying the first protective layer 31: Laying with C25 fine stone concrete mortar and curing to the standard strength;

[0093] 6.2. The surface of the first protective layer 31 is leveled and cleaned to ensure that the surface of the base layer has no protruding corners, pits, peeling, sanding, cracks larger than 0.5mm, etc. The surface must be flat, firm, clean, without visible water and leakage;

[0094] 6.3. Apply cold primer oil on the surface of the first protective layer 31 to better combine the first protective layer 31 with the waterproof layer 16. Dry for more than 8 hours before subsequent construction to avoid fire;

[0095] 6.4. Use hot melt construction, use a gasoline blowtorch or gas welding gun to heat the waterproof layer 16 roll material, and heat it evenly. The blowtorch should be about 0.5m away from the roll material. After the surface of the roll material is melted, slowly roll it for paving; while the linoleum is not cooled, use an iron trowel or other tools to seal the seam edge, and then use a blowtorch to seal it evenly and carefully;

[0096] 6.5. After the waterproof layer 16 is laid, generally after 48 hours of complete drying, a water-tightness test is conducted;

[0097] 6.6. After acceptance, the second protective layer 32 is laid on the surface of the waterproof layer 16 using C25 fine stone concrete mortar and cured to the standard strength to complete the construction of the waterproof layer 16.

[0098] Step 7: Construction of sliding layer 17: Lay three layers of HDPE films in sequence from bottom to top, and apply lubricating oil between adjacent HDPE films.

[0099] Step 8: Construction of ice plate fine leveling layer 18: Setting up bidirectional steel mesh, pouring F150 C35 frost-resistant concrete, and curing to standard strength;

[0100] The length of the bottom longitudinal reinforcement steel bars in the two-way steel mesh should not be shorter than 6m and the minimum lap length is 300mm. The two-way steel mesh should be tied point by point during construction and no skipping is allowed.

[0101] Step 9: Construction of the ice rink pressure layer 19:

[0102] The construction is carried out according to the following steps:

[0103] 9.1. The refrigeration main pipelines are arranged in the same program, i.e. the liquid supply main pipe 41, the return air main pipe 42 and the balance pipe 43. The main pipes are connected by gas welding, which is strong and firm, and has lower requirements for the on-site construction environment;

[0104] 9.2. Lay out and position, determine the location of the pipe seat grid, and install the pipe seat grid; the pipe seat grid is fixed on the ice plate fine leveling layer 18;

[0105] 9.3. Lay out the freezing and draining pipes 44, connect the adjacent freezing and draining pipes 44 by U-shaped pipe gas welding to avoid natural bending of the freezing and draining pipes 44, and fix the freezing and draining pipes 44 on the pipe seat grid;

[0106] 9.4. After the installation of the refrigeration network is completed, the pipelines are inspected and the freezing and exhaust pipes 44 are filled with nitrogen to maintain the pressure;

[0107] 9.5. Under the pressure-maintaining state of the freezing drainage pipe 44, the upper steel mesh 191 is installed, and the C35 frost-resistant concrete with a strength of F200 is poured and cured to the standard strength;

[0108] The pouring of concrete is carried out by the method of "advancing from one side to the other, one slope, covering layer by layer, advancing step by step, and reaching the top at one time". In order to dissipate the hydration heat of concrete as quickly as possible, the pouring process is layered, covered layer by layer, advanced step by step, and completed continuously.

[0109] Step 10: Ice layer temperature control system setup and other electrical system construction: Complete the ice layer temperature control system setup and connection, as well as other supporting electrical system construction.

[0110] The temperature control method of the ice layer temperature control system of the present invention specifically includes the following aspects:

[0111] A. Control of the bottom plate heating layer 12: The first temperature sensor transmits the temperature above the base pressure-bearing layer 11 to the control system in real time. After the base pressure-bearing layer 11 reaches the risk temperature of 3°C, the heat circulation pump 125 is turned on by the control system to ensure that the temperature of the base pressure-bearing layer 11 is not lower than 3°C;

[0112] B. Control of ice making system: specifically including the following steps:

[0113] B-1. Using CO2 as the refrigerant, the liquid CO2 is transported to the refrigeration network through the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71, and evenly transported to all parts of the ice surface through the freezing and discharge pipe 44. The CO2 evaporates and absorbs heat, thereby reducing the temperature above the pressure layer 19 of the ice rink to achieve ice making;

[0114] B-2, the liquid CO2 after heat exchange absorbs heat and evaporates, and returns to the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 through the return air main pipe 42, is cooled and liquefied by the condenser in the unit, and returns to the refrigeration network for circulation and cooling to maintain the ice surface temperature;

[0115] B-3, CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 recycles the heat generated by the unit itself when it is working through the heat recovery system. The heat recovered by the high-temperature heat recovery device 73 can be used for the rotary dehumidification air-conditioning unit, the anti-condensation air-conditioning unit, and ice pouring. The heat recovered by the medium-temperature heat recovery device 74 can be used for preheating the water supply pump room. The heat recovered by the low-temperature heat recovery device 75 is used for melting ice in the ice melting pool and the bottom plate heating layer 12 through the manifold 126 to prevent the bottom plate from freezing and heaving.

[0116] B-4, the cooling water of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 exchanges heat with the CO2 steam to cool the CO2, the increased temperature of the cooling water is cooled by the cooling tower 72, the cooled cooling water is filtered by the filter 91 and then returns to the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71, and circulates as the refrigerant CO2 to cool down;

[0117] C. The second temperature sensor transmits the temperature below the ice layer 20 to the control system in real time, and the start and stop of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 can be controlled according to the weighted average value of each second temperature sensor;

[0118] When the ice bottom temperature reaches the set upper limit, the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 starts working. After the carbon dioxide pump is started, the ice surface temperature begins to drop. When the ice bottom temperature reaches the set lower limit, the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 stops or reduces the energy level, thereby achieving temperature control of the ice surface.

[0119] D. The infrared temperature sensor transmits the collected temperature of the upper surface of the ice surface to the control system in real time, and controls the load increase and decrease of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71 according to the temperature of the upper surface of the ice surface, thereby controlling the start and stop or energy level reduction of the CO2 transcritical direct cooling compressor unit 71. It can predict the changes in the temperature field of the ice rink in advance, and provide timely feedback to the control system to control the compressor unit to respond earlier.

[0120] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementation modes of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should all fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large artificial indoor ice rink, comprising a rink infrastructure and an ice layer temperature control system; characterized in that: The site foundation structure comprises, from bottom to top, a foundation pressure-bearing layer (11), a bottom plate heating layer (12), a vapor barrier layer (13), a thermal insulation layer (14), an isolation layer (15), a waterproof layer (16), a sliding layer (17), an ice plate fine leveling layer (18), an ice field pressure-bearing layer (19), and an ice layer (20); the bottom plate heating layer (12) comprises a water supply main pipe (121), a return water main pipe (122), a heating coil (123), and a backfill layer (124) covering the pipe; the water supply main pipe (121) and the return water main pipe (122) are The pipes (122) are arranged in parallel in the main pipe groove (2) opened on the upper surface of the base pressure-bearing layer (11); the heating coils (123) are evenly distributed and coiled on the upper surface of the base pressure-bearing layer (11) to connect the water supply main pipe (121) and the return water main pipe (122); the sliding layer (17) includes three layers of HDPE membranes stacked up and down; the ice plate fine leveling layer (18) and the ice rink pressure-bearing layer (19) are both reinforced concrete structures; the ice rink pressure-bearing layer (19) is provided with a refrigeration pipe network and an upper steel mesh sheet (191) from bottom to top; The ice layer temperature control system comprises an ice making system connected to a refrigeration pipe network, a first temperature sensor arranged in a bottom plate heating layer (12), a second temperature sensor arranged between an ice field pressure-bearing layer (19) and an ice layer (20), an infrared temperature sensor arranged above the ice field, and a control system; the refrigeration pipe network comprises a freezing pipe (44), the freezing pipe (44) is fixed to an ice plate fine-leveling layer (18) via a pipe seat grid, the pipe seat grid is a grid-like structure formed by crisscrossing arrangement of transverse pipe seat bars (5) and longitudinal support bars (6), and is arranged on the ice plate fine-leveling layer (18); the transverse ... A pipe groove for fixing the freezing drainage pipe (44) is horizontally opened on the top surface of the pipe seat frame (5), and the axis of the pipe groove is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse pipe seat frame (5) and is arranged one-to-one with the freezing drainage pipe (44); the longitudinal support frame (6) includes a support base plate (61), π-shaped brackets (62) arranged in parallel on the support base plate (61), and a connecting rod (63) connecting adjacent π-shaped brackets (62); the height of the longitudinal support frame (6) is higher than the height of the transverse pipe seat frame (5), and the upper steel mesh (191) is arranged above the longitudinal support frame (6).

2. A large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main pipe ditch (2) is located at one side of the ice rink; the water inlet of the heating coil (123) is connected to the water supply main pipe (121); the water outlet is connected to the return water main pipe (122); the water inlet of the water supply main pipe (121) is connected to the manifold (126) via a heat circulation pump (125); the water outlet of the return water main pipe (122) is connected to the manifold (126); and the signal input end of the heat circulation pump (125) is electrically connected to the signal output end of the control system.

3. A large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vapor barrier layer (13) is a PE film, and adjacent PE films are overlapped and bonded to fix; the thermal insulation layer (14) is a double-layer extruded board stacked up and down, the extruded boards of each layer are staggered, and adjacent layers of extruded boards are pressed, and the thickness of the thermal insulation layer (14) is not less than 100 mm.

4. A large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof layer (16) is an SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane with a thickness of not less than 4 mm. Adjacent waterproofing membranes are overlapped and fixed. A first protective layer (31) is provided between the waterproof layer (16) and the isolation layer (15). The first protective layer (31) is a mortar layer with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

5. The large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lubricating oil is coated between adjacent HDPE films in the sliding layer (17), a second protective layer (32) is provided between the sliding layer (17) and the waterproof layer (16), and the second protective layer (32) is a mortar layer with a thickness of not less than 50 mm.

6. A large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration pipe network further comprises a liquid supply main pipe (41), a gas return main pipe (42) and a balance pipe (43); two ends of a freeze-drain pipe (44) are respectively connected to the liquid supply main pipe (41) and the balance pipe (43); the balance pipe (43) is connected to the gas return main pipe (42); and the distance between adjacent freeze-drain pipes (44) is not greater than 100 mm.

7. A large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first temperature sensor and the second temperature sensor are respectively evenly arranged within the ice rink, the infrared temperature sensor is arranged on the top of the building above the ice rink, and the head of the infrared temperature sensor is arranged perpendicular to the ice surface. The signal output ends of the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the infrared temperature sensor are respectively electrically connected to the signal input end of the control system, and the signal output end of the control system is electrically connected to the ice making system.

8. The large artificial indoor ice rink according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ice making system is a transcritical CO2 ice making system.

9. A method for constructing a large artificial indoor ice rink according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Clean and level the surface of the base pressure-bearing layer (11); Step 2: Construction of the bottom plate heating layer (12): 2.

1. Lay the water supply main (121) and the water return main (122) in the main trench (2); 2.

2. Lay out the heating coil (123), and connect the heating coil (123) to the water supply pipe (121) and the water return pipe (122); 2.

3. Set up and connect the first temperature sensor within the ice rink; 2.

4. Perform pressure test on heating system pipelines; 2.

5. After the pressure test is passed, the pressure in the pipe is reduced to the working pressure, and the backfill layer (124) is constructed under the pipeline pressure maintenance state; Step 3: Construction of vapor barrier layer (13); Step 4: Construction of the insulation layer (14): Lay the extruded boards in order from bottom to top, with staggered seams of each layer of extruded boards and pressed seams of adjacent layers of extruded boards; Step 5: Construction of isolation layer (15); Step 6: Construction of waterproof layer (16); Step 7: Construction of sliding layer (17): Lay three layers of HDPE film in sequence from bottom to top, and apply lubricating oil between adjacent HDPE films; Step 8: Construction of ice plate fine leveling layer (18); Step 9: Construction of the ice rink pressure layer (19): The construction is carried out in accordance with the following steps: 9.

1. Arrange the refrigeration main pipeline in the same program mode; 9.

2. Lay out the wires and locate the pipe seat grid, determine the location of the grid, and install the grid; 9.

3. Lay out the freezing drainage pipe (44) and fix the freezing drainage pipe (44) on the pipe seat grid; 9.

4. After the installation of the refrigeration network is completed, the pipelines are inspected and the refrigeration pipe (44) is filled with nitrogen to maintain the pressure; 9.

5. While the freezing pipe (44) is under pressure, an upper steel mesh (191) is installed, and antifreeze concrete is poured and cured to a standard strength; Step 10: Set up the ice layer temperature control system and construct other electrical systems.

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