Clamping device, grinding system and grinding method for grinding metallographic samples

Abstract

The present invention relates to a clamping device, a grinding system and a grinding method for grinding metallographic samples, including a chuck body, a rigid rod and a bracket. The rigid rod is hinged to the bracket through a first hinge shaft, and the chuck body is hinged to the rigid rod through a second hinge shaft; the central axis of the first hinge shaft, the central axis of the second hinge shaft are parallel to the horizontal plane; an articulation mechanism is provided on the chuck body, and the metallographic sample can be articulated with the chuck body through the articulation mechanism. The central axis of the articulation mechanism is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the central axis of the articulation mechanism is perpendicular to the central axis of the second hinge shaft. The clamping device of the present invention can replace manual clamping, and has self-balancing ability, which can ensure that the grinding surface of the metallographic sample is uniform and stable. Compared with the existing method, grinding is more convenient and reliable, avoiding the influence of human factors, and the grinding quality is more stable and the efficiency is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a floating balance clamping device, a grinding system and a grinding method for grinding metallographic samples. Background Art

[0002] One end face of a metallographic sample often needs to be ground before it can be used for detection such as SEM. The existing grinding method for metallographic samples is as follows: The grinder holds the sample by hand and keeps the state of the sample stable, making the end to be ground always in contact with the grinding disk surface, and pressing down with appropriate force to make the grinding end of the sample closely adhere to the grinding disk for grinding. As Figure 1 shown, the hand 11 holds the metallographic sample 8 and presses it downward on the surface of the rotating grinding disk 7. It is not easy to control the grinding force and the stability of the grinding state of the sample (especially for beginners) when holding the metallographic sample by hand, resulting in uneven grinding degree of the sample surface, difficult control of grinding quality, time-consuming and laborious, and low efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a floating balance clamping device and a grinding system for grinding metallographic samples, so as to realize the mechanical self-balanced clamping of the metallographic sample during the grinding process of the metallographic sample, ensure the grinding quality and improve the grinding efficiency; the second purpose of the present invention is to provide a grinding method for grinding metallographic samples.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A clamping device for grinding a metallographic sample, comprising a fixture body, a rigid rod and a bracket. The fixture body is a cylindrical part or a U-shaped part with an opening downward. One end of the rigid rod is hinged to the bracket through a first hinge shaft, and the upper end of the fixture body is hinged to the other end of the rigid rod through a second hinge shaft; the central axis of the first hinge shaft and the central axis of the second hinge shaft are both parallel to the horizontal plane; an articulation mechanism is provided on the fixture body, and the metallographic sample can be articulated with the fixture body through the articulation mechanism. The central axis of the articulation mechanism is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the central axis of the articulation mechanism is perpendicular to the central axis of the second hinge shaft.

[0006] In this way, the rigid rod can rotate freely around the first hinge axis, the fixture body can rotate relative to the rigid rod (for the convenience of description, this rotation direction is denoted as the X direction, that is, it has a swinging degree of freedom in the X direction), and the metallographic sample can rotate relative to the fixture body (for the convenience of description, this rotation direction is denoted as the Y direction, that is, it has a swinging degree of freedom in the Y direction). Since the central axis of the hinge mechanism is perpendicular to the central axis of the second hinge axis, and the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other, and the fixture body and the rigid rod have a certain weight, they can exert a pressing effect on the metallographic sample. During the grinding process, the metallographic sample can descend with the fixture body. According to the force and the state of the grinding surface, the metallographic sample can automatically reach dynamic balance, reducing the influence of human factors, ensuring the quality of the ground surface of the specimen, and improving the grinding efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the central axis of the hinge mechanism and the center of gravity of the fixture body are in the same vertical plane; the central axis of the second hinge axis and the center of gravity of the fixture body are in the same vertical plane, so as to further improve the self-balancing ability of the metallographic sample during the grinding process.

[0008] The specimen can only swing slightly under the fixation of the fixture body and the hinge mechanism.

[0009] As an implementation manner of the present invention, the hinge mechanism includes a first hinge member movably connected to the fixture body and a second hinge member movably connected to the fixture body. The first hinge member and the second hinge member are arranged oppositely. The ends of the first hinge member and the second hinge member close to each other have pointed ends, aiming to improve the sensitivity of dynamic balance. The central axis of the first hinge member and the central axis of the second hinge member are on the same straight line.

[0010] Furthermore, the first hinge member is threadedly connected to the fixture body, and the second hinge member is threadedly connected to the fixture body; furthermore, the first hinge member is a first screw, and the second hinge member is a second screw. Furthermore, the hinge mechanism includes a first screw threadedly connected to the fixture body and a second screw threadedly connected to the fixture body. The first screw and the second screw are arranged oppositely. The pointed ends of the first screw and the second screw are both located at one end close to the other screw. The central axis of the first screw and the central axis of the second screw are on the same straight line. In this way, two holes with a common central axis and passing through the central axis of the metallographic sample can be drilled on the side of the metallographic sample, and it is ensured that the central axis of the hole is parallel to the horizontal plane. During clamping, the position of the screw can be adjusted so that the tip of the screw extends into the hole on the corresponding side, realizing the rotatable hinge between the metallographic sample and the fixture body. Generally speaking, the depth of the hole reaches 0.2 mm. Optionally, since the metallographic sample is generally formed of a resin material with low hardness, marks can also be made at the corresponding positions of the metallographic sample in advance, and then holes can be drilled directly with screws larger in size than the first screw and the second screw, and then installed according to the above method to realize the rotatable hinge between the metallographic sample and the fixture body.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present invention, the hinge mechanism includes a pair of clamping rods. The central axes of the two clamping rods coincide. At one end where the two clamping rods are close to each other, there are clamping blocks that can rotate around the central axis of the clamping rods. Both clamping rods are fixed to the clamping body. Among them, at least one clamping rod is threadedly connected to the clamping body. In this way, the metallographic sample can be directly clamped between the two clamping blocks. Optionally, the surface of the clamping block in contact with the metallographic sample is an arc surface that matches the side surface of the metallographic sample (generally speaking, the metallographic sample is a cylinder with a certain diameter, so the clamping block with a certain arc surface has a certain universality) to further improve the clamping stability. There are already many existing technologies for realizing the stable clamping of metallographic samples, which can be used for reference in this application and will not be elaborated here.

[0012] Further, the clamping rod is rotatably connected to the corresponding clamping block through a deep groove ball bearing.

[0013] Further, a first counterweight is provided on the rigid rod; and / or, a sliding rod extending vertically upward is provided at the top of the clamping body. The central axis of the sliding rod passes through the center of gravity of the clamping body, and several second counterweights are detachably sleeved on the sliding rod. By setting counterweights with different weights or quantities, the pressure on the metallographic sample can be adjusted to meet different grinding requirements.

[0014] Optionally, the first counterweight is a metal block, such as an iron block.

[0015] Optionally, the first counterweight is detachably connected to the rigid rod.

[0016] Further, a chute is provided on the rigid rod along its length direction, and the first counterweight can move in the chute and be fixed in the chute.

[0017] Further, the clamping body is a cylindrical part with an open bottom, preferably a cylindrical part. The metallographic sample can be installed in the cavity of the cylindrical part, and the bottom surface of the metallographic sample can extend downward.

[0018] Optionally, when the clamping device of the present application is applied to grinding, it can be fixed on a metallographic grinding device or on a table for placing the metallographic grinding device.

[0019] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a grinding system for grinding metallographic samples, including a main body. A grinding disc is provided on the main body, and further includes the clamping device as described above. The bracket is fixed on the main body, and the clamping body is located directly above the grinding disc.

[0020] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a grinding method for grinding metallographic samples, including the following steps:

[0021] Mount the metallographic sample to be ground onto the clamping device as described above, such that the metallographic sample can swing freely about the central axis of the hinge mechanism;

[0022] Lower the jig body so that the bottom surface of the metallographic sample abuts against the grinding disc of the metallographic grinding equipment and grind.

[0023] Optionally, start the metallographic sample equipment when lowering the included angle.

[0024] Furthermore, the grinding time varies according to the material of the sample.

[0025] Furthermore, the grinding time is also related to the grit size of the metallographic sandpaper and the rotational speed of the grinding disc.

[0026] The clamping device of the present invention can replace manual clamping and has self-balancing ability, which can facilitate the grinding of metallographic samples. Compared with the existing methods, the grinding is more convenient and reliable, the grinding quality is more stable and the efficiency is higher; the labor intensity is greatly reduced; it can be used in conjunction with existing metallographic grinding equipment and has strong adaptability; it can also be used to improve existing metallographic grinding equipment so that the metallographic grinding equipment has clamping ability. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the grinding process of a metallographic sample in the prior art.

[0028] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the hinge mechanism part according to the second embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiments

[0030] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. For the sake of convenience of description, words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" hereinafter only indicate the same directions as the upper, lower, left, and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.

[0031] As Figure 2As shown in the figure, a clamping device for grinding a metallographic sample includes a clamping body 1, a rigid rod 3, and a bracket 6. The clamping body is a cylindrical member with an opening facing downward. One end of the rigid rod 3 is hinged to the bracket 6 through a first hinge shaft 10, and the upper end of the clamping body 1 is hinged to the other end of the rigid rod 3 through a second hinge shaft 9. The central axis of the first hinge shaft and the central axis of the second hinge shaft are both parallel to the horizontal plane. An articulation mechanism 2 is provided on the clamping body 1, and the metallographic sample can be articulated with the clamping body 1 through the articulation mechanism 2. The central axis of the articulation mechanism 2 is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the central axis of the articulation mechanism 2 is perpendicular to the central axis of the second hinge shaft.

[0032] A lifting block is provided at the center position of the top of the cylindrical member. Optionally, the rigid rod is hinged to the lifting block, thereby realizing the articulation with the clamping body.

[0033] The central axis of the articulation mechanism and the center of gravity of the clamping body are in the same vertical plane.

[0034] The articulation mechanism includes a first screw threadedly connected to the clamping body and a second screw threadedly connected to the clamping body. The first screw and the second screw are arranged opposite to each other, and the central axis of the first screw and the central axis of the second screw are on the same straight line.

[0035] A first counterweight 4 is provided on the rigid rod 3. A sliding rod 13 extending vertically upward is provided at the top of the clamping body 1. The central axis of the sliding rod 13 passes through the center of gravity of the clamping body, and a plurality of second counterweights 12 are detachably sleeved on the sliding rod 13.

[0036] Chute 5 is provided on the rigid rod along its length direction, and the first counterweight can be movably fixed in the chute.

[0037] The clamping body is a cylindrical member with an opening at the bottom.

[0038] As Figure 3 As shown in the figure, as the second embodiment of the present invention, repeating the first embodiment, the difference lies only in the articulation mechanism. In this embodiment, the articulation mechanism includes a pair of clamping rods 201. The central axes of the two clamping rods 201 coincide. Clamping blocks 202 that can rotate around the central axis of the clamping rods are provided at the ends of the two clamping rods that are close to each other. The two clamping rods are both fixed to the clamping body, and the two clamping rods are threadedly connected to the clamping body. The clamping rods are rotatably connected to the corresponding clamping blocks through deep groove ball bearings 203. The surface of the clamping block in contact with the metallographic sample is an arc surface matching the metallographic sample.

[0039] A grinding system for grinding a metallographic sample includes a main body. A grinding disc 7 is provided on the main body. The grinding system also includes the clamping device as described above. The bracket is fixed to the main body, and the clamping body is located directly above the grinding disc.

[0040] A grinding method for grinding a metallographic sample, comprising the following steps:

[0041] Mount the metallographic sample 8 to be ground on the clamping device as described above, so that the metallographic sample can freely swing around the central axis of the hinge mechanism;

[0042] Start the metallographic grinding equipment;

[0043] Lower the jig so that the bottom surface of the metallographic sample abuts against the grinding disc of the metallographic grinding equipment under the action of the gravity of the counterweight and grind.

[0044] As Figure 2 shown, during grinding, when too much grinding is done on the left side of the metallographic sample, the metallographic sample tilts to the left. Since there is no freedom in the X direction between the metallographic sample and the jig, the jig will also tilt to the left by the same angle (actually rotate counterclockwise around the second hinge axis by a corresponding angle). At this time, the jig has a tendency to rotate clockwise around the second hinge axis to return to the previous balanced state, and the pressure on the right side of the bottom surface of the metallographic sample will be slightly greater, accelerating the grinding speed of this part and making the plane of the metallographic sample develop in the direction of returning to a flat state.

[0045] The content clarified in the above embodiments should be understood that these embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modification by those skilled in the art fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

Claims

1. A clamping device for grinding metallographic samples, characterized in that, It includes a fixture body (1), a rigid rod (3) and a bracket (6). The fixture body (1) is a cylindrical part or a U-shaped part with an opening facing downwards. One end of the rigid rod (3) is hinged to the bracket (6) through a first hinge shaft (10), and the fixture body (1) is hinged to the other end of the rigid rod (3) through a second hinge shaft (9), so that the rigid rod can rotate freely around the first hinge shaft, and the fixture body can rotate relative to the rigid rod; the central axis of the first hinge shaft, the central axis of the second hinge shaft are parallel to the horizontal plane; an articulation mechanism (2) is provided on the fixture body (1), and the metallographic sample can be hinged to the fixture body (1) through the articulation mechanism (2), so that the metallographic sample can rotate relative to the fixture body; the central axis of the articulation mechanism (2) is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the central axis of the articulation mechanism (2) is perpendicular to the central axis of the second hinge shaft (9); the central axis of the articulation mechanism (2) and the center of gravity of the fixture body (1) are in the same vertical plane; the central axis of the second hinge shaft (9) and the center of gravity of the fixture body are in the same vertical plane; The articulation mechanism (2) includes a first articulation part movably connected to the fixture body (1) and a second articulation part movably connected to the fixture body (1). The first articulation part and the second articulation part are arranged oppositely, and the ends of the first articulation part and the second articulation part close to each other have pointed ends. The central axis of the first articulation part and the central axis of the second articulation part are on the same straight line; Alternatively, the articulation mechanism includes a pair of clamping rods (201). The central axes of the two clamping rods coincide. Clamping blocks (202) capable of rotating around the central axis of the clamping rod are provided at the ends of the two clamping rods close to each other; both clamping rods are fixed to the fixture body.

2. The clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least one clamping rod is threadedly connected to the fixture body.

3. The clamping device according to claim 1, wherein, The clamping rod is rotatably connected to the corresponding clamping block through a deep groove ball bearing.

4. The clamping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that A first counterweight (4) is provided on the rigid rod (3); and / or, a sliding rod (13) extending vertically upwards is provided at the top of the fixture body (1). The central axis of the sliding rod (13) passes through the center of gravity of the fixture body, and a plurality of second counterweights (12) are detachably sleeved on the sliding rod (13).

5. The clamping device according to claim 4, wherein A chute (5) is provided on the rigid rod along its length direction, and the first counterweight can move in the chute and be fixed in the chute.

6. A grinding system for grinding metallographic samples, comprising a main body, on which a grinding disc (7) is provided, characterized in that, It further includes the clamping device according to any one of claims 1-5. The bracket is fixed to the body, and the fixture body is located directly above the grinding disc.

7. A grinding method for grinding metallographic samples, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Install the metallographic sample (8) to be ground on the clamping device according to any one of claims 1-5, so that the metallographic sample can swing freely around the central axis of the articulation mechanism; Lower the fixture body so that the bottom surface of the metallographic sample abuts against the grinding disc of the metallographic grinding equipment and grind.

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