Aluminum alloy sheet hot forming-online quenching composite forming device and forming method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a forming device for hot forming and online quenching of aluminum alloy plates, comprising a die frame, a forming module, and a pressing / unloading module. The die frame comprises an upper die seat and a lower die seat. The forming module comprises a punch, a die plate, and a heating element. The pressing / unloading module comprises a blank holder. The lower die seat is provided with a punch, and a blank holder is provided above the punch. The blank holder is installed on the lower die seat, and the upper end surface of the blank holder serves as a mold forming area. A die plate is provided above the blank holder, and a heating element is provided in the die plate. An upper die seat is provided above the die plate. The forming device of the present invention combines hot forming and quenching, and can avoid the shortcomings of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of ordinary hot forming and quenching composite forming. The online water quenching cooling rate is large, and the pressure rod pressing the component can prevent the effective component from deforming, thereby preparing high-performance aluminum alloy components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of metal material processing, and in particular to a forming device and a forming method for a hot forming-online quenching composite of an aluminum alloy plate. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum alloy has poor plasticity at room temperature and is difficult to form components of complex shapes. Although the application of warm forming technology can improve the yield of complex aluminum alloy parts, the cost is relatively high. Hot forming-quenching composite forming technology realizes the combination of solid solution, forming, and quenching at the solid solution temperature of aluminum alloy, and is an efficient and energy-saving manufacturing process. CN102216484A discloses a forming method for aluminum alloy thin plate components, which transfers (transfer completed within 10 seconds) the aluminum alloy thin plate semi-finished product that has been solution heat treated to a set of cold molds for rapid forming (forming within 0.15 seconds), and then quenches the plate between the cold molds. CN109433924A discloses a mold that realizes rapid forming and quenching in the mold. CN102615201A discloses a hot and cold composite mold forming method for sheet metal parts, which completes the hot and cold composite mold forming of aluminum alloy sheet metal parts by heating the lower mold and cooling the upper mold. In common hot forming-quenching composite forming, the time for transferring the plate from the solution device to the forming die is very short, which is difficult to operate; at the same time, the saturated solid solution obtained after the solid solution of the aging precipitation strengthening aluminum alloy must be cooled quickly, otherwise the second phase will precipitate during the cooling process, causing a decrease in supersaturation and subsequent non-uniform aging precipitation, resulting in a lower aging strengthening effect. The quenching cooling speed of the in-mold cooling method is limited, and it is difficult to effectively ensure the strength of the aluminum alloy. Summary of the invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a forming device for hot forming and online quenching of aluminum alloy plates with simple structure and reliable operation, and provides a forming method for hot forming and online quenching of aluminum alloy plates.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems is: a forming device for hot forming and online quenching of aluminum alloy plates, comprising a mold frame, a forming module, and a pressing / unloading module. The mold frame comprises an upper mold base and a lower mold base. The forming module comprises a punch, a concave mold base, and a heating element. The pressing / unloading module comprises a pressure ring, a unloading screw, and a unloading spring. A punch is provided in the middle of the upper end surface of the lower mold base, and a pressure ring is provided above the punch. The pressure ring is installed on the lower mold base through the unloading spring. The two ends of the unloading spring are respectively fixedly connected to the pressure ring and the lower mold base through the unloading screws. The upper end surface of the pressure ring serves as a mold forming area, and the aluminum alloy plate to be processed is placed in the mold forming area; a concave mold base is provided above the pressure ring, and a number of heating elements are provided in the concave mold base. An upper mold base is provided above the concave mold base, and pads are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides between the upper mold base and the concave mold base. The concave mold base is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper mold base by passing through the pads with fastening screws I.

[0005] The above-mentioned aluminum alloy sheet hot forming-online quenching composite forming device also includes an anti-deformation module, which includes a limit rod, a swing hook, a vertical rod, a connecting block, a rubber elastic element, a connecting plate, and a fixed plate. Two connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end surface of the lower die base, and a protruding hook is arranged on the connecting block; a through hole is arranged in the middle of the upper die base, and two limit rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end surface of the upper die base, and a protrusion Ⅰ is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the limit rod, and a fixed plate and a connecting plate are arranged between the two limit rods, and the connecting plate is located below the fixed plate and is connected to the fixed plate as a whole by a fastening screw Ⅱ. A rubber elastic element is provided between the connecting plate and the concave template, and a plurality of pressure rods are provided in the middle of the lower end surface of the connecting plate. The upper end of the pressure rod is fixed on the lower end surface of the connecting plate, and the lower end of the pressure rod passes through the rubber elastic element and the concave template and is directly opposite to the aluminum alloy plate to be processed. Two vertical rods are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the connecting plate, and the middle part of the vertical rod is fixed to the connecting plate through a hinge device. A protrusion II is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the vertical rod, which matches the protrusion I at the bottom of the limit rod. The inner side of the upper end of the vertical rod is connected to the fixed plate through a spring, and the lower part of the vertical rod passes through the concave template. The lower end of the vertical rod is provided with a swing hook for hooking with the protruding hook on the connecting block.

[0006] The above-mentioned aluminum alloy plate hot forming-online quenching composite forming device also includes an online water quenching module, which includes a support seat, a sensing device, and a water spraying device. A support seat is provided at the front and back of the outer side of the mold forming area; the support seat is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower mold seat, and the support seat is provided with a sensing device and a water spraying device.

[0007] A forming method of aluminum alloy sheet hot forming-online quenching composite, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) subjecting the aluminum alloy sheet to be processed to a solution heat treatment at a temperature of 470°C-540°C and a heat preservation time of 30min-2h to obtain a solution aluminum alloy slab;

[0009] 2) Start the heating element to heat the concave mold plate to the solution temperature of the aluminum alloy;

[0010] 3) Place the aluminum alloy slab after solid solution from the solid solution device on the blank holder, and the transfer time is 10-50 seconds;

[0011] 4) The concave mold moves downward and mates with the convex mold to form the aluminum alloy component. The vertical rod moves downward, and the swing hook hooks the protruding hook on the connecting block, and keeps warm for 1-10 minutes;

[0012] 5) The mold is opened, the concave mold plate moves upward, the connecting plate squeezes the rubber elastic element, and the swing hook hooks the protruding hook, so that the pressure rod presses the aluminum alloy component;

[0013] 6) When the concave plate moves upward through the induction device, the water spray device works and water quenching is performed;

[0014] 7) The swing hook releases the protruding hook, the pressure rod resets, and under the action of the unloading spring, the aluminum alloy component is disengaged from the punch.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0016] 1. The forming device of the present invention combines hot forming and quenching, which can avoid the shortcomings of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of ordinary hot forming-quenching composite forming; the online water quenching cooling rate is large, and the pressure rod pressing the component can prevent the effective component from deforming, thereby preparing high-performance aluminum alloy components, and the structure is simple, which is easy to realize industrial production.

[0017] 2. In the forming method of the present invention, the aluminum alloy plate is directly quenched by a water spray device after being formed, which can avoid the shortcomings of short quenching transfer time and short forming time of ordinary hot forming-quenching composite forming, and can obtain a large quenching rate, thereby improving the aging precipitation strength of the aluminum alloy component; and during the quenching process, the pressure rod presses the component, which can prevent the effective component from deformation and improve the component accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the forming device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figure 1As shown, a forming device for hot forming and online quenching of aluminum alloy sheet material comprises a die frame, a forming module, a pressing / unloading module, an anti-deformation module, and an online water quenching module. The die frame comprises an upper die seat 6 and a lower die seat 1. The forming module comprises a punch 27, a concave die plate 4, and a heating element 20. The pressing / unloading module comprises a blank holder 28, a discharge screw 2, and a discharge spring 29. A punch 27 is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the lower die seat 1, and a blank holder 28 is arranged above the punch 27. The blank holder 28 is installed on the upper end surface of the lower die seat 1 through the discharge spring 29. On the lower die base 1, the two ends of the unloading spring 29 are fixedly connected to the pressure ring 28 and the lower die base 1 respectively through the unloading screws 2. The upper end surface of the pressure ring 28 serves as the mold forming area, and the aluminum alloy plate 3 to be processed is placed in the mold forming area; a concave mold plate 4 is provided above the pressure ring 28, and a plurality of heating elements 20 are provided in the concave mold plate 4. An upper die base 6 is provided above the concave mold plate 4, and pads 17 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides between the upper die base 6 and the concave mold plate 4. The concave mold plate 4 is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper die base 6 by passing through the pads 17 with fastening screws Ⅰ5.

[0021] The anti-deformation module includes a limit rod 8, a swing hook 21, a vertical rod 19, a connecting block 26, a rubber elastic element 10, a connecting plate 18, a fixed plate 11, and a pressure rod 12. Two connecting blocks 26 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end surface of the lower die base 1, and a protruding hook 25 is arranged on the connecting block 26; a through hole is arranged in the middle of the upper die base 6, and two limit rods 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end surface of the upper die base 6. A protrusion Ⅰ7 is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the limit rod 8. A fixed plate 11 and a connecting plate 18 are arranged between the two limit rods 8. The connecting plate 18 is located below the fixed plate 11 and is connected to the fixed plate 11 as a whole by a fastening screw Ⅱ13. A rubber elastic element 10 is arranged between the connecting plate 18 and the concave template 4 A plurality of pressure rods 12 are provided in the middle of the lower end surface of the connecting plate 18, and the upper end of the pressure rod 12 is fixed on the lower end surface of the connecting plate 18. The lower end of the pressure rod 12 passes through the rubber elastic element 10 and the concave template 4 to face the aluminum alloy plate 3 to be processed. Two vertical rods 19 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the connecting plate 18. The middle part of the vertical rod 19 is fixed to the connecting plate 18 through a hinge device 14. A protrusion II 16 that matches the protrusion I7 at the bottom of the limit rod 8 is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the vertical rod 19. The inner side of the upper end of the vertical rod 19 is connected to the fixed plate 11 through a spring 15. The lower part of the vertical rod 19 passes through the concave template 4. The lower end of the vertical rod 19 is provided with a swing hook 21 for hooking and connecting with the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26.

[0022] The online water quenching module includes a support seat 22, a sensing device 24, and a water spray device 23. A support seat 22 is provided at the front and rear of the outer side of the mold forming area; the support seat 22 is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower mold seat 1, and the support seat 22 is provided with a sensing device 24 and a water spray device 23.

[0023] A forming method of an aluminum alloy plate 3 by hot forming and online quenching, comprising the following steps:

[0024] 1) subjecting the aluminum alloy sheet 3 to be processed to a solution heat treatment at a temperature of 470°C-540°C and a heat preservation time of 30min-2h to obtain a solution aluminum alloy slab;

[0025] 2) starting the heating element 20 to heat the concave mold plate 4 to the solid solution temperature of the aluminum alloy;

[0026] 3) placing the aluminum alloy slab after solid solution from the solid solution device on the blank holder 28, and the transfer time is 10-50 seconds;

[0027] 4) The concave mold plate 4 moves downward to form the aluminum alloy component with the convex mold 27, the vertical rod 19 moves downward, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and keeps warm for 1-10 minutes;

[0028] 5) The mold is opened, the concave mold plate 4 moves upward, and the connecting plate 18 squeezes the rubber elastic element 10, so that the pressure rod 12 presses the aluminum alloy component;

[0029] 6) When the concave plate 4 moves upward through the induction device 24, the water spray device 23 works and water quenches;

[0030] 7) The swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and under the action of the unloading spring 29, the aluminum alloy component is disengaged from the punch 27.

[0031] Example 1: This method is used to form and prepare a 7050 aluminum alloy component with a thickness of 2 mm.

[0032] 1) Solution heat treatment of 7050 aluminum alloy was carried out at 470℃ / 2h;

[0033] 2) Start the heating element 20 to heat the concave plate 4 to 470°C;

[0034] 3) placing the aluminum alloy slab after solid solution from the solid solution device on the blank holder 28, and the transfer time is 10 seconds;

[0035] 4) The concave mold plate 4 moves downward to form the aluminum alloy component with the convex mold 27, the vertical rod 19 moves downward, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 1 minute;

[0036] 5) The mold is opened, the concave mold plate 4 moves upward, the connecting plate 18 squeezes the rubber elastic element 10, and the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25, so that the pressure rod 12 presses the 7050 aluminum alloy component;

[0037] 6) When the concave plate 4 moves upward through the induction device 24, the water spray device 23 works and water quenches;

[0038] 7) The swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and under the action of the unloading spring 29, the component is disengaged from the punch 2719.

[0039] Example 2: Forming and preparing a 1.5 mm thick 6016 aluminum alloy component.

[0040] 1) Solution heat treatment of 6016 aluminum alloy was carried out at 540℃ / 30min;

[0041] 2) Start the heating element 20 to heat the concave plate 4 to 540°C;

[0042] 3) placing the aluminum alloy slab after solid solution from the solid solution device on the blank holder 28, and the transfer time is 25 seconds;

[0043] 4) The concave mold plate 4 moves downward to form the aluminum alloy component with the convex mold 27, the vertical rod 19 moves downward, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 5 minutes;

[0044] 5) The mold is opened, the concave mold plate 4 moves upward, the connecting plate 18 squeezes the rubber elastic element 10, and the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25, so that the pressure rod 12 presses the 6016 aluminum alloy component;

[0045] 6) When the concave plate 4 moves upward through the induction device 24, the water spray device 23 works and water quenches;

[0046] 7) The swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and under the action of the unloading spring 29, the component is disengaged from the punch 27.

[0047] Example 3: Forming and preparing a 2 mm thick 2519 aluminum alloy component.

[0048] 1) Solution heat treatment of 2519 aluminum alloy was carried out at 530℃ / 2h;

[0049] 2) Start the heating element 20 to heat the concave plate 4 to 530° C.

[0050] 3) placing the aluminum alloy slab after solid solution on the blank holder 28 for 50 seconds;

[0051] 4) The concave mold plate 4 moves downward to form the aluminum alloy component with the convex mold 27, the vertical rod 19 moves downward, the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, and the temperature is kept for 10 minutes;

[0052] 5) The mold is opened, the concave mold plate 4 moves upward, the connecting plate 18 squeezes the rubber elastic element 10, and the swing hook 21 hooks the protruding hook 25, so that the pressure rod 12 presses the 2519 aluminum alloy component;

[0053] 6) When the concave plate 4 moves upward through the induction device 24, the water spray device 23 works and water quenches;

[0054] 7) The swing hook 21 releases the protruding hook 25 on the connecting block 26, the pressure rod 12 is reset, and under the action of the unloading spring 29, the component is disengaged from the punch 27.

Claims

1. A forming method of hot forming-online quenching composite of aluminum alloy sheet, which is realized based on a forming device of hot forming-online quenching composite of aluminum alloy sheet, the forming device of hot forming-online quenching composite of aluminum alloy sheet comprises a die frame, a forming module, and a pressing / unloading module, the die frame comprises an upper die seat and a lower die seat, the forming module comprises a punch, a concave die plate, and a heating element, the pressing / unloading module comprises a blank holder, a unloading screw, and a unloading spring, a punch is arranged in the middle of the upper end surface of the lower die seat, a blank holder is arranged above the punch, the blank holder is installed on the lower die seat through the unloading spring, the two ends of the unloading spring are respectively fixedly connected to the blank holder and the lower die seat through the unloading screws, the upper end surface of the blank holder serves as a die forming area, and the aluminum alloy sheet to be processed is placed in the die forming area; a concave die plate is arranged above the blank holder, a plurality of heating elements are arranged in the concave die plate, an upper die seat is arranged above the concave die plate, and pads are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides between the upper die seat and the concave die plate, and the concave die plate is fixed to the lower end surface of the upper die seat through the pads by fastening screws I; The forming device of aluminum alloy sheet hot forming-online quenching composite also includes an anti-deformation module, which includes a limit rod, a swing hook, a vertical rod, a connecting block, a rubber elastic element, a connecting plate, and a fixed plate. Two connecting blocks are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end surface of the lower die base, and a protruding hook is arranged on the connecting block; a through hole is arranged in the middle of the upper die base, and two limit rods are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the lower end surface of the upper die base, and a protrusion Ⅰ is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the limit rod, and a fixed plate and a connecting plate are arranged between the two limit rods, and the connecting plate is located below the fixed plate and is connected to the fixed plate as a whole by a fastening screw Ⅱ. A rubber elastic element is provided between the connecting plate and the concave template, a plurality of pressure rods are provided in the middle of the lower end surface of the connecting plate, the upper end of the pressure rod is fixed on the lower end surface of the connecting plate, the lower end of the pressure rod passes through the rubber elastic element, and the concave template is directly opposite to the aluminum alloy plate to be processed, two vertical rods are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the connecting plate, the middle part of the vertical rod is fixed to the connecting plate through a hinge device, the outer side of the upper end of the vertical rod is provided with a protrusion II that matches the protrusion I at the bottom of the limit rod, the inner side of the upper end of the vertical rod is connected to the fixed plate through a spring, the lower part of the vertical rod passes through the concave template, and the lower end of the vertical rod is provided with a swing hook for hooking and connecting with the protruding hook on the connecting block; The forming method comprises the following steps: 1) subjecting the aluminum alloy sheet to be processed to a solution heat treatment at a temperature of 470°C-540°C and a heat preservation time of 30min-2h to obtain a solution aluminum alloy slab; 2) Start the heating element to heat the concave mold plate to the solution temperature of the aluminum alloy; 3) Place the aluminum alloy slab after solid solution from the solid solution device on the blank holder, and the transfer time is 10-50 seconds; 4) The concave mold moves downward and mates with the convex mold to form the aluminum alloy component. The vertical rod moves downward, and the swing hook hooks the protruding hook on the connecting block, and keeps warm for 1-10 minutes; 5) The mold is opened, the concave mold plate moves upward, the connecting plate squeezes the rubber elastic element, and the swing hook hooks the protruding hook, so that the pressure rod presses the aluminum alloy component; 6) When the concave plate moves upward through the induction device, the water spray device works and water quenching is performed; 7) The swing hook releases the protruding hook, the pressure rod resets, and under the action of the unloading spring, the aluminum alloy component is disengaged from the punch.

2. The aluminum alloy sheet hot forming-online quenching composite forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy plate hot forming-online quenching composite forming device also includes an online water quenching module, which includes a support seat, a sensing device, and a water spraying device. A support seat is provided at the front and back of the outer side of the mold forming area; the support seat is fixed on the upper end surface of the lower mold seat, and the support seat is provided with a sensing device and a water spraying device.

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