A solid water source irrigation system and irrigation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention protects a solid water source irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof, which includes a transport and storage device encapsulating degradable capsule particles, a water-fertilizer integrated machine for sowing the capsule particles, and a water volume monitoring device for monitoring the degradation degree of the capsule particles. The transport and storage device transports the capsule particles to a transfer site, the water-fertilizer integrated machine at the transfer site is loaded with degradable capsule particles and sown to farmland, and the water volume monitoring device buried in the farmland monitors the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles. The degradable capsule particles can achieve timed, quantitative and directional decomposition to meet the water needs of different crops; the transport and storage device provides buffer protection for the capsule particles to ensure that the capsule particles are not impacted; the water-fertilizer integrated machine integrates sowing and irrigation, and realizes sowing and irrigation at the same time; the water volume monitoring device obtains thermal imaging of the capsule particles through an infrared sensor, monitors the degradation degree of the capsule particles, obtains the amount of water consumed by the crop, and grasps the water storage status of the crop, so as to adjust the water supply in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of crop irrigation, and in particular relates to a solid water source irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, there are many types of traditional agricultural irrigation systems, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages. For example, the traditional gravity canal irrigation system has serious evaporation and leakage, and the irrigation water utilization coefficient is low; the low-pressure pipe irrigation system only supplies water to the soil and plants, without fertilizer; the drip irrigation system already has a water-fertilizer integrated fertilization tank, but it is easy to clog, and the field pipes are crisscrossed, which is not conducive to mechanized farming; the sprinkler irrigation system also has a large amount of water evaporation, high water quality requirements, and a large investment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiment of the present invention provides a solid water source irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof, the first purpose of which is to solve the problem that the traditional irrigation system needs multiple irrigations in one crop cycle, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive; the second purpose is to solve the problem that the existing irrigation system cannot achieve timed irrigation while sowing; the third purpose is to solve the problem that the amount of irrigated water and the remaining water cannot be monitored during the irrigation process; the fourth purpose is to solve the problem that the existing water pipes, water channels, buildings, equipment, and facilities are crisscrossed in the fields, which is not conducive to mechanized construction.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a solid water source irrigation system, including a transportation and storage device encapsulating degradable capsule particles, a water-fertilizer integrated machine for sowing the degradable capsule particles, and a water volume monitoring device for monitoring the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles. The transportation and storage device transfers the degradable capsule particles to a transfer site, the water-fertilizer integrated machine at the transfer site loads the degradable capsule particles and sows them into farmland, and the water volume monitoring device buried in the farmland monitors the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles.

[0005] Furthermore, the degradable capsule particles are composed of two parts from top to bottom, namely an upper cover and a lower capsule body. The capsule body is a hollow sac-like cavity structure with an injection port. The cover is sealed on the injection port. Nutrients for watering plants are encapsulated in the hollow sac-like cavity of the capsule body. There is a gap between the highest liquid level of the nutrients and the inner surface of the cover or the inner wall of the capsule body. The nutrients are water, solid fertilizer or other liquid fertilizer.

[0006] Preferably, the cover and the capsule body are both made of biodegradable materials, the shape of the cover matches the shape of the injection port, and the capsule body is a bag-like structure with a smooth surface and no edges or corners.

[0007] Furthermore, the transport and storage device includes at least an outer box body and an inner storage box. The inner storage box is detachably placed in the inner cavity of the outer box body. The inner box wall of the outer box body is connected to the outer box wall of the inner storage box through a plurality of shock absorbers. The inner storage box is encapsulated with a buffer solution and degradable capsule particles.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer solution is a sodium ion buffer solution, the density of the sodium ion buffer solution is the same as the density of the solution encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles, and the degradable capsule particles are suspended in the buffer solution;

[0009] The plurality of shock absorbers are divided into two groups, each group of shock absorbers is evenly spaced and distributed on the outer box wall of the inner storage box along the circumferential direction, one group is close to the box cover of the inner storage box, and the other group is close to the box bottom of the inner storage box.

[0010] Furthermore, the integrated water and fertilizer machine comprises at least a frame, and along the direction of travel, the frame is sequentially equipped with a furrow opener, a front traveling wheel, a drainer, a front soil discharger, a seed discharger, a rear traveling wheel, a rear soil discharger and a soil coverer from front to back;

[0011] Two parallel and opposite conveyor belts are laid on the frame along the traveling direction, and the front soil discharger and the rear soil discharger are both placed below the conveyor belts. The conveyor belts receive the soil produced by the furrowing device and transfer part of the soil to the front soil discharger, and transfer the other part of the soil to the rear soil discharger. The rear soil discharger receives the soil and discharges it, and the covering device discharges the soil to cover the soil discharged by the rear soil discharger.

[0012] The structure of the drainer and the seed meter is the same, both are made of steel plates with smooth inner walls. The drainer is filled with degradable capsule particles that can irrigate crops in a timely, quantitative and directional manner.

[0013] Preferably, the running direction of each conveyor belt is consistent with the rotation direction of the furrow opener, and the conveyor belt part for conveying soil is divided into two sections with a height difference, namely a high belt close to the furrow opener and a low belt close to the seed metering device. The front end of the high belt is close to the furrow opener, and the rear end is smoothly connected to the front end of the low belt through a transition belt. The rear end of the low belt is a rear soil discharger for receiving the soil transported by the low belt.

[0014] The front soil discharger penetrates the low zone and receives the soil scattered at the junction of the high zone and the transition zone.

[0015] Furthermore, the water volume monitoring device includes a plurality of infrared sensors buried in the farmland. A plurality of degradable capsule particles are also buried in the farmland. The infrared sensors emit infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles. The degradable capsule particles reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensors. The infrared sensors process the received reflected rays and send them to the terminal.

[0016] Furthermore, the farmland includes at least several ridges, and the top layer to the bottom layer of each ridge are respectively the surface soil, seeds, middle layer soil and degradable capsule particles, and at least one infrared sensor is vertically inserted and buried at the head or tail of each ridge, and each infrared sensor emits several infrared rays, which are respectively directed at the surface soil, seeds, middle layer soil and degradable capsule particles.

[0017] The present invention also protects an irrigation method of a solid water source irrigation system, comprising the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: first, the inner storage box is detachably placed in the inner cavity of the outer box, the inner box wall of the outer box is connected to the outer box wall of the inner storage box through a plurality of shock absorbers, and then the degradable capsule particles and the buffer solution are encapsulated in the inner storage box to ensure that the degradable capsule particles are suspended in the buffer solution, and the assembly of the transport storage device is completed, and finally the transport storage device is transported to the transfer site, where a water-fertilizer integrated machine is placed;

[0019] Step 2: Take out the degradable capsule particles from the transport and storage device and load them into the drainer of the water-fertilizer integrated machine. The water-fertilizer integrated machine starts to move under the traction of the front and rear walking wheels. The furrow opener rotates counterclockwise to cut the soil and open the furrows. The soil generated by cutting the soil and opening the furrows is thrown onto the conveyor belt. The conveyor belt transfers part of the soil to the front soil discharger and the other part of the soil to the rear soil discharger. At this time, in the following order, for the same trench: the drainer discharges the degradable capsule particles and lays them in the opened trench, the front soil discharger discharges the first layer of soil, the seed discharger sows seeds, the rear soil discharger discharges the second layer of soil, and finally the soil cover discharges the soil to cover the surface of the trench, finally forming a sowing structure of degradable capsule particles, middle soil, seeds, surface soil, and surface covering soil from the bottom layer to the surface layer;

[0020] Repeat this step to complete the sowing and irrigation of each furrow in the farmland;

[0021] Step three, at least one infrared sensor is vertically inserted and buried at the head or tail of each ridge, and the infrared sensor is started by the terminal. Each infrared sensor emits a number of infrared rays, which are respectively directed at the surface soil, seeds, middle soil and degradable capsule particles. The infrared sensor emits infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles, and the degradable capsule particles reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor. The infrared sensor processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal. The terminal obtains the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles based on thermal imaging, and obtains the water consumption based on the degradation degree.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] (1) The degradable capsule particles are made of biodegradable materials. Different nutrients can be filled into the particles according to different crops. Personalized irrigation can be achieved by adjusting the thickness of the particles, and timed, quantitative and directional irrigation can be achieved for different crops.

[0024] (2) A device for transporting and storing degradable capsule particles, which provides a box with a shock-absorbing function for the degradable capsule particles. The inner storage box in the box is encapsulated with a buffer solution and degradable capsule particles. The buffer solution provides flexible protection for the degradable capsule particles, especially in the case of sudden braking or acceleration, and can effectively cushion the degradable capsule particles in the box to ensure that the degradable capsule particles are not impacted. In addition, the shock absorber can also provide secondary protection for the degradable capsule particles. The double protection can reduce the damage to the degradable capsule particles during transportation. Even if damage occurs, it will not flow out and cause pollution due to the two layers of protection.

[0025] (3) The integrated water and fertilizer machine used in the irrigation system integrates sowing and irrigation. It is carried out step by step in the order of trenching, sowing biodegradable capsule particles, primary soil discharge, sowing, secondary soil discharge and covering soil. Finally, a sowing structure of biodegradable capsule particles, soil, seeds and topsoil is formed from the bottom layer to the surface layer. Reasonable stratification is carried out to create a good space for crop growth. By adjusting the conveying speed of the conveyor belt and the opening between the two sets of conveyor belts, the thickness between each layer can be adjusted to adjust the structure for different crops.

[0026] (4) The water volume monitoring device transmits infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles through the infrared sensor. The degradable capsule particles reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor. The infrared sensor processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal. The infrared sensor forms different types of thermal imaging according to the quality, material and structure of the material, thereby monitoring the relative height of the degradable capsule particles and transmitting the monitored data to the terminal. The terminal uses the height data to determine the degree of degradation of the degradable capsule particles and calculate the amount of water consumed in a certain period of time, thereby obtaining the water supply situation of the crop and understanding the water storage situation of the crop so as to adjust the water supply in time.

[0027] (5) The biodegradable capsule particles, transportation and storage device, water-fertilizer integrated machine and water volume monitoring device of the present invention cooperate with each other to form a solid water source irrigation system, which saves the investment costs of traditional water intake projects, water delivery projects, field water distribution projects and other facilities and equipment and the subsequent irrigation area operation and management costs, reduces water evaporation, leakage and other problems, and greatly saves water resources.

[0028] In order to make the above contents of the present invention more clearly understood, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is the irrigation flow chart of solid water source irrigation system.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of biodegradable capsule particles.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the capsule.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transport storage device.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the transport storage device.

[0034] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of a water-fertilizer integrated machine.

[0035] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 AA section view.

[0036] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conveyor belt transporting soil.

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a data transmission schematic diagram of a water volume monitoring device for degradable capsule particles.

[0038] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of infrared sensors in farmland.

[0039] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of infrared sensors in the soil.

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Degradable capsule particles; 2. Cap; 3. Cap body; 4. Injection port; 5. Hollow capsule cavity; 6. Nutrients; 7. Outer box; 8. Inner storage box; 9. Shock absorber; 10. Buffer solution; 11. Frame; 12. Furrow opener; 13. Front running wheel; 14. Drainer; 15. Front soil discharger; 16. Seed discharger; 17. Rear running wheel; 18. Rear soil discharger; 19. Conveyor belt; 20. High belt; 21. Low belt; 22. Transition belt; 23. Soil cover; 24. Soil; 25. Topsoil; 26. Seeds; 27. Middle soil; 28. Infrared sensor; 29. ​​Terminal; 30. Bed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following describes the implementation of the present invention through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the present invention, the top, bottom, left and right in the figure are deemed to be the top, bottom, left and right of the solid water source irrigation system described in this specification.

[0044] The exemplary embodiments of the present invention are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to disclose the present invention in detail and completely and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art. The terms used in the exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the present invention. In the accompanying drawings, the same units / elements are marked with the same reference numerals.

[0045] Unless otherwise specified, the terms (including technical terms) used herein have the commonly understood meanings to those skilled in the art. In addition, it is understood that the terms defined in commonly used dictionaries should be understood to have the same meanings as those in the context of the relevant fields, and should not be understood as idealized or overly formal meanings.

[0046] First embodiment:

[0047] Reference Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present invention relates to a solid water source irrigation system, including a transportation and storage device encapsulating degradable capsule particles 1, a water-fertilizer integrated machine for spreading the degradable capsule particles 1, and a water volume monitoring device for monitoring the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles 1. The transportation and storage device transports the degradable capsule particles 1 to a transfer site, the water-fertilizer integrated machine at the transfer site loads the degradable capsule particles 1 and spreads them to farmland, and the water volume monitoring device buried in the farmland monitors the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles 1.

[0048] Specifically, the degradable capsule particles 1 are made of biodegradable materials. Biodegradable materials refer to materials that can be completely degraded into low molecular weight materials under the action of natural microorganisms, such as bacteria, molds and algae. The biodegradable mechanism is roughly the following three ways:

[0049] The growth of living cells causes mechanical destruction of matter;

[0050] Microorganisms act on polymers to produce new substances;

[0051] Direct action of enzymes, i.e. microbial attack on polymers leading to cleavage.

[0052] It is generally believed that the biodegradation of polymer materials is carried out through two processes. First, microorganisms secrete hydrolases to the outside of the body and bind to the surface of the material, cutting the polymer chain through hydrolysis to generate small molecular weight compounds with a molecular weight of less than 500; then, the degradation products are taken into the human body by microorganisms, and through various metabolic routes, they are synthesized into microbial substances or converted into energy for microbial activities, and finally converted into water and carbon dioxide.

[0053] At present, biodegradable materials are relatively mature products with a wide range of applications, such as mulch, packaging bags, medicine, etc. However, they have not yet appeared in the field of irrigation. In this embodiment, biodegradable materials are made into capsule-shaped particles for irrigation and fertilization. On the one hand, the volume of the capsule is small, and a reasonable number of capsules can be pre-buried according to different crops or different growth periods of crops to irrigate the crops in a targeted manner; on the other hand, the biodegradable capsule particles that are used for regular, quantitative and targeted irrigation of crops will eventually be converted into water and carbon dioxide after degradation, which will not affect the growth of crops and will not pollute the environment.

[0054] Biodegradable materials are mature products, and their specific preparation and composition are not protected by this embodiment. This embodiment only uses them as tools, so their specific composition and preparation process are not described in detail here.

[0055] Since the degradable capsule particles 1 are irrigated and fertilized by decomposing and spreading the nutrients they contain, their shells must be made of degradable materials. Degradable materials are usually easily damaged and cannot withstand impact. Therefore, in this embodiment, the degradable capsule particles 1 are encapsulated in a transportation and storage device to provide buffering protection to prevent them from being damaged by impact. After being transported to a transit point (such as a warehouse), the degradable capsule particles 1 are loaded into an integrated water-fertilizer machine. The integrated water-fertilizer machine can irrigate while sowing, that is, it releases the degradable capsule particles 1 while sowing. The degradable capsule particles 1 are buried in farmland, and then a water monitoring device is buried in the farmland to monitor the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles 1 in real time, and indirectly know the water consumption of the crops through the degradation degree.

[0056] Second implementation method:

[0057] Based on the first implementation mode, Figure 2 and Figure 3The degradable capsule particles 1 are composed of two parts from top to bottom, namely an upper cover 2 and a lower capsule body 3. The capsule body 3 is a hollow capsule-like cavity 5 structure with an injection port 4. The cover 2 is sealed on the injection port 4. Nutrients 6 for watering plants are encapsulated in the hollow capsule-like cavity 5 of the capsule body 3. There is a gap between the highest liquid level of the nutrients 6 and the inner surface of the cover 2 or the inner wall of the capsule body 3. The nutrients 6 are water, solid fertilizers or other liquid fertilizers. Different crops and different periods of the same crop require different nutrients. Therefore, users can select corresponding nutrients 3 according to their needs, which are not limited to irrigation or liquid fertilization. It can also be granular fertilizers, or other forms of fertilizers or other substances that may appear in the future.

[0058] The cover 2 and the capsule body 3 are both made of biodegradable materials. The shape of the cover 2 matches the shape of the injection port 4, and the capsule body 3 is a bag-like structure with a smooth surface and no edges or corners.

[0059] Nutrients 6 are injected from the injection port 4 , stored in the hollow sac-shaped cavity 5 , and then sealed by the cover 2 .

[0060] The working process of the degradable capsule particles for timing, quantitative and directional irrigation of crops protected by this embodiment is as follows:

[0061] Step 1: After plowing the land, degradable capsule particles are placed according to the characteristics of the crops to irrigate the crops in a timely, quantitative and directional manner, forming a structure from bottom to top: the bottom layer of water storage capsules, the middle layer of thin soil, the upper layer of seeds, and the covering soil;

[0062] Step 2: After the laying is completed, the degradable capsule particles for irrigating crops with a fixed time and quantity will be decomposed in batches at different time periods through variable films with different thicknesses or different additives according to the growth characteristics of the crops. The filling liquid containing nutrients suitable for each growth stage of the crops will achieve the purpose of irrigating the crops after the degradable capsule particles for irrigating crops with a fixed time and quantity are decomposed;

[0063] Step three, after the irrigation is completed, the shell of the degradable capsule particles that irrigate the crops in a timely, quantitative and directional manner will slowly decompose and will not affect the growth of the crops, thus achieving the purpose of timely, quantitative and directional irrigation of the crops.

[0064] In the above steps, the film refers to the cover 2 or the capsule 3. The reason for choosing the split design is, on the one hand, to facilitate the encapsulation of the nutrients 6; on the other hand, when the degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops are placed, they are laid in batches by machinery or manual labor. A large number of degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops will inevitably be stacked. When stacking, the degradable capsule particles of each timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops will be rubbed or squeezed. In order to improve the strength of the degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops and avoid large-scale damage thereof, it is preferably designed as a split type.

[0065] Timed irrigation refers to watering crops at a specified time. By adjusting the thickness of the capsule particles, the capsule particles can be decomposed at different times. A certain amount of additives, such as starch, cellulose, biodegradable agents, etc., can also be added to the material of the capsule particles to change the stability of the capsule particles. The degradation time in the natural environment can be changed, and the purpose of batch irrigation can be achieved at different growth periods of the crops. The details are as follows:

[0066] If crop A needs to be irrigated after one month, capsule particles with a thickness of 0.07 mm can be selected. The capsule particles will decompose after one month. After decomposition, the nutrients in the capsule particles will irrigate crop A, and the decomposed shell will also slowly degrade, which will not affect the growth of the crop.

[0067] If crop B needs to be irrigated after 2 months, capsule particles with a thickness of 0.1 mm can be selected. The capsule particles will decompose after 2 months. After decomposition, the nutrients in the capsule particles will irrigate crop B, and the decomposed shell will slowly degrade and will not affect the growth of the crop.

[0068] Crop C needs to be irrigated after 3 months. You can choose capsule particles with a thickness of 0.2 mm. The capsule particles will decompose after 3 months. After decomposition, the nutrients in the capsule particles will irrigate crop C, and the decomposed shell will slowly degrade and will not affect crop growth.

[0069] The decomposition time corresponding to the above thickness can be obtained through multiple tests, and different types of crops can be tested and recorded in multiple times.

[0070] Dosing refers to watering crops with preset units of nutrients, as follows:

[0071] For example, if a certain crop needs to be irrigated with 1 to 3 liters of nutrients per square meter every day, then 26 to 30 biodegradable capsule particles per square meter should be placed under the crop to be irrigated after plowing the land. For example, if crops require different amounts of nutrients at different growth stages, different numbers of capsules can be placed.

[0072] Since the size of the degradable capsule particles can be changed according to actual needs, the capacity of nutrients stored in the capsule is different, so the above release quantity is only an example, and the specific release quantity is based on the size of the capsule particles and the amount of nutrients required by the crops to be irrigated.

[0073] Directional irrigation refers to directional irrigation for different crops or different growth periods of crops, specifically:

[0074] For different crops, different nutrients 6 are filled in the capsule 3;

[0075] According to different growth periods of crops, different nutrients 6 are filled in the capsule 3, and the thickness of the capsule particles is adjusted so that it can be decomposed and irrigated at different periods, that is, the thickness and different nutrients 6 work together to achieve directional irrigation.

[0076] Since the degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops are placed in batches by machinery or manual labor, a large number of degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops will inevitably be stacked. When stacking, the degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops will be rubbed or squeezed. In order to improve the strength of the degradable capsule particles for timed quantitative directional irrigation of crops and avoid being squeezed or rubbed and damaged, it is preferred that the thickness of the cover 2 is greater than the thickness of the capsule body 3. Figure 2 As shown, the capsule body 3 serves to wrap and carry the filled nutrients 6, and the cover 2 is used to seal and cover the capsule body 3. Since the degradable capsule particles for timed, quantitative and directional irrigation of crops will also rotate during storage or delivery and will not exist in a specific posture, the thickness of the cover 2 is greater than that of the capsule body 3. While ensuring the sealing performance of the degradable capsule particles for timed, quantitative and directional irrigation of crops, the cover 2 can also serve to carry the nutrients 6 in the capsule body 3.

[0077] In order to ensure that the overall force of the degradable capsule particles for timely, quantitative and directional irrigation of crops is uniform, in this embodiment, the thickness of the cover 2 and the thickness of the capsule body 3 are uniformly distributed. Figure 2 and Figure 3 .

[0078] In the present embodiment, 86% of the degradable capsule particles for timed, quantitative and directional irrigation of crops are composed of a capsule shell (capsule body 3) of fixed thickness, which plays the role of wrapping and carrying the filling liquid, and 14% are variable thickness films (cover 2). The degradation time is adjusted by changing the film thickness, and then the water storage time of the water storage capsule is adjusted. Specifically, when manufacturing the degradable capsule particles for timed, quantitative and directional irrigation of crops, the capsule body 3 can be made of uniform thickness, and the cover 2 can be made of different thicknesses. According to different crops or different growth periods of the same crop, the capsule body 3 and the cover 2 of suitable thickness are combined and assembled to achieve different degradation times.

[0079] Third embodiment:

[0080] Based on the first implementation, Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the transport and storage device comprises at least an outer box body 7 and an inner storage box 8. The inner storage box 8 can be detachably placed in the inner cavity of the outer box body 7. The inner box wall of the outer box body 7 is connected to the outer box wall of the inner storage box 8 via a plurality of shock absorbers 9. The inner storage box 8 contains a buffer solution 10 and degradable capsule particles 1.

[0081] In order to achieve timed and quantitative decomposition, the wall thickness of the degradable capsule particles 1 is relatively thin, and they will inevitably be impacted during transportation, especially in the case of sudden braking and acceleration, the impact force will be greater, which can easily cause the degradable capsule particles 1 to be damaged. In order to avoid damage, the present embodiment proposes a transportation and storage device. Specifically, a number of degradable capsule particles 1 are first placed in an inner storage box 8, and then a buffer solution 10 is injected into the inner storage box 8. Note that it cannot be overfilled, and a certain gap must be left for easy packaging. After the inner storage box 8 is sealed, the inner storage box 8 is placed in the outer box body 7. The two are first fixed to prevent shaking or loosening during transportation, and then a number of shock absorbers 9 are arranged between the two, such as springs, or other shock absorbing devices. Finally, a cover can be added to the top of the outer box body 7, and after completion, it is loaded and transported.

[0082] This embodiment provides double protection for the transportation and storage of the degradable capsule particles 1. The first protection is the shock absorber 9, which can reduce the vibration of the inner storage box 8; the second protection is the buffer solution 10, which can absorb and reduce the vibration, provide buffering protection for the degradable capsule particles 1, and ensure that the degradable capsule particles 1 are not affected by impact.

[0083] Further, the buffer solution 10 is a sodium ion buffer solution, the density of the sodium ion buffer solution is the same as the density of the solution encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles 1, and the degradable capsule particles 1 are suspended in the buffer solution 10;

[0084] The plurality of shock absorbers 9 are divided into two groups. Each group of shock absorbers 9 is evenly spaced and distributed on the outer wall of the inner storage box 8 along the circumferential direction. One group is close to the cover of the inner storage box 8 , and the other group is close to the bottom of the inner storage box 8 .

[0085] The reason for choosing the sodium ion buffer solution is that when acidic or alkaline substances enter the container, the pH value of the degradable capsule particles 1 will not be affected, that is, the trace nutrients in the capsule solution will not be affected.

[0086] Specifically, the sodium ion buffer solution refers to a solution containing sodium ions, such as a sodium chloride solution (it can also be other sodium ion solutions). The density of the solution is the same as the density of the solution encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles 1. In this way, the degradable capsule particles 1 can be suspended in the buffer solution 10, that is, the degradable capsule particles 1 will not sink to the bottom of the buffer solution, nor will they float on the surface of the buffer solution, so that the degradable capsule particles 1 are surrounded by the buffer solution 10 in all directions. Even if a collision occurs, it can be offset by the buffer force, thereby avoiding damage during transportation.

[0087] In addition, it is preferred that the concentration of the sodium ion buffer solution is selected to be the same as the concentration of the water and fertilizer encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles 1. The reason is that if the concentration of the sodium ion buffer solution is less than the concentration of the water and fertilizer encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles 1, the degradable capsule particles 1 may absorb water and swell, resulting in rupture; if the concentration of the sodium ion buffer solution is greater than the concentration of the water and fertilizer encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles 1, the water in the degradable capsule particles 1 may diffuse outward, causing water loss. Both of the above situations are not conducive to the storage and transportation of the water and fertilizer in the degradable capsule particles 1, so the concentration of the buffer solution is selected to be the same as the concentration of the water and fertilizer encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles 1.

[0088] It is worth mentioning that, depending on the plants or crops planted, the types of water and fertilizer contained in the degradable capsule particles 1 are also different. For example, the degradable capsule particles 1 used to irrigate corn encapsulate water and fertilizer X, then its buffer solution 10 has a density equivalent to, preferably the same as, the water and fertilizer X; the degradable capsule particles 1 used to irrigate wheat encapsulate water and fertilizer Y, then its buffer solution 10 has a density equivalent to, preferably the same as, the water and fertilizer Y; according to the above principles, a buffer solution 10 of appropriate density can be selected.

[0089] In this embodiment, after the degradable capsule particles 1 are transported to the destination by a transportation and storage device, the degradable capsule particles 1 are taken out and the buffer solution 10 is retained for next use. That is, the buffer solution 10 is reusable, which meets environmental protection requirements and saves costs.

[0090] Reference Figure 4A plurality of shock absorbers 9 are divided into two groups, and each group of shock absorbers 9 is evenly spaced along the circumferential direction and distributed on the outer wall of the inner storage box 8 , one group is close to the box cover of the inner storage box 8 , and the other group is close to the box bottom of the inner storage box 8 .

[0091] The inner storage box 8 has a certain height. In order to provide all-round protection for the degradable capsule particles 1 encapsulated therein, the present embodiment selects to arrange two groups of shock absorbers 9, upper and lower. Figure 2 , but not limited to this, the layout form can be changed according to transportation conditions.

[0092] Fourth embodiment:

[0093] Based on the first implementation mode, Figure 6 and Figure 7 The integrated water and fertilizer machine at least comprises a frame 1111, and along the travel direction, the frame 1111 is sequentially equipped with a furrow opener 12, a front travel wheel 13, a drainer 14, a front soil discharger 15, a seeding device 16, a rear travel wheel 17, a rear soil discharger 18 and a soil cover 23 from front to back;

[0094] Two parallel and opposite conveyor belts 19 are laid on the frame 111 along the traveling direction, and the front soil ejector 15 and the rear soil ejector 18 are both placed below the conveyor belt 19. The conveyor belt 19 receives the soil 24 produced by the furrowing device 12 and transfers part of the soil 24 to the front soil ejector 15, and transfers the other part of the soil 24 to the rear soil ejector 18. The rear soil ejector 18 receives the soil 24 and discharges it, and the soil cover 23 discharges the soil 24 to cover the soil 24 discharged by the rear soil ejector 18.

[0095] The drainer 14 and the seed metering device 16 have the same structure, both of which are made of a steel plate with a smooth inner wall. The drainer 14 is filled with degradable capsule particles 1 that can irrigate crops in a timely, quantitative and directional manner.

[0096] The structure of the integrated water and fertilizer machine of this embodiment is similar to that of a seed drill in the field of agricultural machinery, wherein the furrow opener 12, front traveling wheel 13, drainer 14, front soil ejector 15, seeding device 16, rear traveling wheel 17 and rear soil ejector 18 are all commonly used devices of a seed drill and can be purchased commercially. For example, the front soil ejector 15 and the rear soil ejector 18 can be a cylindrical structure that runs through from top to bottom, or other structures available on the market.

[0097] In this embodiment, the power device can provide power for the furrow opener 12, the front travel wheel 13 and the rear travel wheel 17, and the other drainers 14, the front soil ejector 15, the seed ejector 16 and the rear soil ejector 18 can work independently; in addition, the above components can be switched on and off independently, or they can be concentrated on the same switch, and one switch can be used to control the opening or closing of the above components.

[0098] Similar to the seed drill, it can also be operated by the driver in the cab. The power device provides power to the water-fertilizer integrated machine. For example, the power device is supported by the mechanical arm and transmits power to the furrow opener 12, and the furrow opener 12 rotates counterclockwise (such as Figure 6 ), soil cutting and trenching are carried out, and the soil 24 generated by soil cutting and trenching is thrown onto the conveyor belt 19, and the conveyor belt 19 transmits part of the soil 24 to the front soil discharger 15, and the other part of the soil 24 is transmitted to the rear soil discharger 18.

[0099] Since the seeder is a mature equipment in the field of agricultural machinery, the present embodiment only lists the basic structure that can realize the complete technical solution of the present embodiment. Other structures can be added according to actual needs, and each structure can also be selected from commercial products. The difference is that the various components in the present embodiment must be deployed and installed in the order of furrow opener 12, front walking wheel 13, drainer 14, front soil discharger 15, seeding device 16, rear walking wheel 17 and rear soil discharger 18, and the drainer 14 must be filled with degradable capsule particles 1.

[0100] The structure of the drainer 14 is the same as that of the seed metering device 16 , except that the seed metering device 16 is filled with seeds, while the drainer 14 is filled with degradable capsule particles 1 that can irrigate crops in a timely, quantitative and directional manner.

[0101] The working process of the integrated water and fertilizer machine used in irrigation system is as follows:

[0102] The water-fertilizer integrated machine starts to move under the traction of the front running wheel 13 and the rear running wheel 17, and the furrow opener 12 rotates counterclockwise (such as Figure 6 ), soil cutting and trenching are carried out, and the soil 24 generated by soil cutting and trenching is thrown onto the conveyor belt 19, and the conveyor belt 19 transmits part of the soil 24 to the front soil discharger 15, and the other part of the soil 24 is transmitted to the rear soil discharger 18. At this time, according to the following order, for the same trench: the drainer 14 discharges the degradable capsule particles 1 and lays them in the opened trench → the front soil discharger 15 discharges the first layer of soil 24 → the seeding device 16 sows seeds 26 → the rear soil discharger 18 discharges the second layer of soil 24, and finally forms a sowing structure of degradable capsule particles 1, middle soil 27, seeds 26, and surface soil 25 from the bottom layer to the surface layer (such as Fig.11 As shown), after the laying is completed, the degradable capsule particles 1 will be decomposed in batches at different time periods. The filling liquid containing nutrients suitable for various growth stages of crops will achieve the purpose of irrigating crops after the degradable capsule particles 1 are decomposed, providing a good growth environment for crops.

[0103] The main function of the furrow opener 12 is to open furrows and prepare a good seed bed for seeds so that the seeds can germinate and grow quickly after being sown in the soil. The furrow opener is selected or designed according to the soil, climate, land preparation conditions, sowing width and operating speed.

[0104] The seed metering device 16 stores crop seeds and discharges the seeds in a quantitative manner to achieve a sowing effect.

[0105] The front soil ejector 15 and the rear soil ejector 18 collect the soil dug out by the furrow opener 12 and transport it through the conveyor belt 19, so as to cover the sown seeds 26 and the degradable capsule particles 1 with soil by using time delay.

[0106] The amount of excavated earth can be controlled by adjusting the transmission speed of the conveyor belt 19, specifically by adjusting the motor speed of the conveyor belt 19, which belongs to conventional technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0107] The integrated water-fertilizer machine provided by the present invention integrates sowing and irrigation, and is executed step by step in the order of trenching, sowing degradable capsule particles, primary soil discharge, sowing, secondary soil discharge and soil covering, and finally forms a sowing structure of degradable capsule particles, soil, seeds and topsoil from the bottom layer to the surface layer, and performs reasonable stratification to create a good space for crop growth. By adjusting the conveying speed of the conveyor belt and the opening between the two sets of conveyor belts, the thickness between each layer can also be adjusted to adjust the structure for different crops.

[0108] Furthermore, the running direction of each conveyor belt 19 is consistent with the rotation direction of the furrow opener 12. The conveyor belt 19 part that transports the soil 24 is divided into two sections with a height difference, namely a high belt 20 close to the furrow opener 12 and a low belt 21 close to the seed meter 16. The front end of the high belt 20 is close to the furrow opener 12, and the rear end is smoothly connected to the front end of the low belt 21 through a transition belt 22. The rear end of the low belt 21 is a rear soil discharger 18 for receiving the soil 24 transported by the low belt 21.

[0109] The front soil ejector 15 penetrates the low belt 21 and receives the soil 24 thrown from the junction of the high belt 20 and the transition belt 22 .

[0110] Specifically, the soil 24 produced by the trenching of the trench opener 12 is thrown to the high belt 20, and the soil 24 transported by the high belt 20 is continuously moved to the transition zone 22. Due to the height difference at the transition zone 22, the soil 24 is thrown out in the form of a parabola, and part of the soil 24 falls into the front soil discharger 15 below, which discharges the first layer of soil 24, and part of the soil 24 continues to move to the left to the low belt 21 under inertia, and moves to the left under the transportation of the low belt 21 and is finally thrown to the rear soil discharger 18, which discharges the second layer of soil 24.

[0111] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 8 The transition zone 22 is vertically arranged, but it is not limited to this. The transition zone 22 can also be designed to be arc-shaped, parabolic-shaped, etc. Its main function is to connect the high zone 20 and the low zone 21 while forming a height difference. Any shape that can ensure the realization of these two purposes is acceptable.

[0112] exist Figure 8 In the figure, the high zone 20, the transition zone 22, and the low zone 21 are connected to each other, but due to the presence of soil 24 in the cross-section, the connection between the transition zone 22 and the low zone 21 is blocked, so Figure 4 The connection part is not shown, but the two are actually connected.

[0113] Fifth embodiment:

[0114] Based on the first implementation mode, Fig. 9 The water volume monitoring device includes a plurality of infrared sensors 28 buried in the farmland. A plurality of degradable capsule particles 1 are also buried in the farmland. The infrared sensors 28 emit infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles 1. The degradable capsule particles 1 reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensors 28. The infrared sensors 28 process the received reflected rays and send them to the terminal 29.

[0115] Specifically, when the water volume needs to be monitored, the infrared sensor 28 is started by using the terminal 29. The infrared sensor 28 emits infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles 1. The degradable capsule particles 1 reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor 28. The infrared sensor 28 processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal 29. The infrared sensor 28 forms different types of thermal imaging according to the quality, material and structure of the material, thereby monitoring the relative height of the degradable capsule particles 1 and transmitting the monitored data to the terminal 29. The terminal 29 uses the height data to deduce the degree of degradation of the degradable capsule particles 1, and then obtains the water supply situation of the crop.

[0116] In this embodiment, the terminal 29 is a device that matches or is a complete set with the model of the infrared sensor 28, such as a mobile phone or a computer.

[0117] But it is not limited to infrared sensors, it can also be ground penetrating radar, ultrasonic thickness gauge, infrared rangefinder, soil tester, water finder (such as produced by Shanghai Aidu Industrial Co., Ltd.), such as geophysical water finder, resistivity water finder, etc.

[0118] The degradable capsule particles 1 are made of biodegradable materials and can be completely decomposed into low molecular weight compounds under the action of natural microorganisms. By adjusting the thickness of the degradable capsule particles 1, the degradable capsule particles 1 can be decomposed at different times. A certain amount of additives such as starch, cellulose, biodegradation agents, etc. can also be added to the degradable capsule particles 1 to change the stability of the film and make the degradation time variable under natural conditions, thereby achieving the purpose of batch irrigation during different growth periods of crops.

[0119] In this embodiment, the degradable capsule particles 1 are buried underground in the farmland, and the degradable capsule particles 1 are used to achieve timed, quantitative and directional irrigation. The water volume during irrigation is monitored by a water volume monitoring device, that is, the irrigation water volume is monitored in real time during irrigation, and the water content of crops is timely known so as to adjust it.

[0120] Furthermore, the farmland includes at least a plurality of paths 30, such as Fig.10 As shown, the top layer to the bottom layer of each furrow 30 are respectively the top soil 25, the seeds 26, the middle soil 27 and the degradable capsule particles 1, referring to Fig.11 At least one infrared sensor 28 is vertically inserted and buried at the head or tail of each furrow 30. Each infrared sensor 28 emits a plurality of infrared rays, which are respectively directed toward the surface soil 25, the seeds 26, the middle soil 27 and the degradable capsule particles 1.

[0121] The infrared sensor 28 emits infrared rays to the surface soil 25, seeds 26, middle soil 27 and degradable capsule particles 1. The surface soil 25, seeds 26, middle soil 27 and degradable capsule particles 1 respectively reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor 28. The infrared sensor 28 processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal 29. The infrared sensor 28 forms different types of thermal imaging according to the different qualities, materials and structures of the surface soil 25, seeds 26, middle soil 27 and degradable capsule particles 1, thereby monitoring the relative height of the degradable capsule particles 1 and transmitting the monitored data to the terminal 29. The terminal 29 obtains the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles 1 through the height data, calculates the amount of water consumed in a certain period of time, and then obtains the water supply situation of the crops.

[0122] Reference Fig.11 The infrared sensor 28 is buried in such a way that the head of the infrared sensor 28 is exposed about 10 cm from the surface soil 25 , the middle part vertically passes through the surface soil 25 , the seeds 26 , the middle soil 27 and the degradable capsule particles 1 , and the tail part extends 20 cm below the degradable capsule particles 1 .

[0123] The head of the infrared sensor 28 is exposed about 10 cm above the surface soil 25, and guardrails, warning signs, etc. are set nearby to prevent damage.

[0124] The tail of the infrared sensor 28 extends 20 cm below the degradable capsule particles 1 to allow for a tillage layer error.

[0125] In order to clearly illustrate how to obtain the decomposition degree of the degradable capsule particles in this embodiment, the following examples are given:

[0126] Assuming that the height of the infrared sensor 1 is 80 cm, when burying the infrared sensor 1, the tail of the infrared sensor 1 is extended 20 cm below the degradable capsule particles 2, 50 cm is reserved in the middle, and the head is exposed about 10 cm from the surface soil 5, wherein the middle 50 cm is used to form a sowing structure of degradable capsule particles, middle soil 7, seeds 6, and surface soil 5 from the bottom layer to the surface layer, and reasonable stratification is performed to create a good space for crop growth. Among them, the shell of the middle part of the infrared sensor 1 is evenly distributed with a number of ray holes from top to bottom along its length direction, for example, the ray holes are evenly distributed at intervals of 0.5 cm, and each ray hole emits an infrared beam horizontally, that is, Several infrared beams are horizontally directed toward the surface soil 5, several infrared beams are horizontally directed toward the seeds 6, several infrared beams are horizontally directed toward the middle soil 7, and several infrared beams are horizontally directed toward the degradable capsule particles 2. The reflection signals of each layer in the four-layer sowing structure can be obtained. Different substances have different reflectivities, or the attenuation rates of the reflected infrared beams are different. Based on this principle, the reflection signals of the degradable capsule particles 2 are selected, and the ray holes that receive these reflection signals are recorded. The distance is determined according to the number of ray holes. This distance is the height of the undecomposed degradable capsule particles 2, and further determines the decomposition degree of the layer where the degradable capsule particles 2 are located.

[0127] It should be noted that the infrared radiation emitted by the infrared sensor propagates very quickly in the air, but propagates slowly in solid or liquid states. In order to solve this problem, when selecting an infrared sensor, you can choose a high-power, strong-transmitting signal, such as an infrared sensor with a penetration of 200 meters, to reduce its attenuation.

[0128] You can also choose to use a water finder, infrared / laser rangefinder, soil measuring instrument, etc., and obtain corresponding parameters based on their principles. According to the parameters, you can obtain the height of the degradable capsule particles 2, and then determine the degree of decomposition of the layer where the degradable capsule particles 2 are located. For example, (1) infrared sensor: when the transmitting device is working, it will emit a beam or a series of short pulsed laser beams to the target, and the photoelectric element will receive the laser beam reflected by the target. The timer measures the time from the laser beam to the reception, and calculates the distance from the observer to the target. (2) Phase method laser rangefinder: It detects the distance by detecting the phase difference between the emitted light and the reflected light when they propagate in space. (3) Resistivity distance meter: It uses the different resistivities in different media, which is actually the different resistivities of solids and fluids, to measure the electrical differences of underground media at different depths on the ground to study the geological structure of each layer. It uses resistivity sensors to explore the location of solid water particles. The main principle is electrical exploration. Due to the differences in resistivity and surrounding electric charges between soil and solid water particles, the distribution patterns and differences of naturally existing and artificially established magnetic fields or electric fields are used for detection, which can effectively identify the distribution of solid water particles.

[0129] It can be seen that there are many methods and instruments for detecting the decomposition degree of the degradable capsule particles 2. One of them can be selected according to different crops or research needs, or two or more can be selected and used in combination to improve the precision and accuracy of the decomposition degree.

[0130] In general, the required sensor function is: to be able to detect the thickness of the water-fertilizer integrated particle layer in the soil through infrared, resistivity change, density change, radar signal, ultrasonic signal and other existing equipment. The following are several devices with similar functions:

[0131] (1) Infrared rangefinder: YHJ-200J mine intrinsically safe laser rangefinder. Mainly used in flammable and explosive working environments with flammable gas mixtures, it can be widely used in coal, petroleum, chemical, railway, medical, electric power, textile, plastic, metal processing, energy conservation and other industries. The temperature measurement range is 0.2m~200m, and the resolution is 0.001m.

[0132] Distance meters generally use two methods to measure distance: pulse method and phase method. The process of pulse distance measurement is as follows: the laser emitted by the distance meter is reflected by the object being measured and then received by the distance meter. The distance meter also records the round-trip time of the laser. Half of the product of the speed of light and the round-trip time is the distance between the distance meter and the object being measured.

[0133] (2) ADMT-2S electrical water finder. The measuring distance is 0-300 meters. It uses the changes in related parameters such as resistivity caused by natural electric fields and different geological structures to analyze and determine the location, depth and other related information of groundwater.

[0134] (3) DT600 ultrasonic thickness gauge. DT600 ultrasonic thickness gauge can measure the thickness of metal materials, pipes, pressure vessels, plates (steel plates, aluminum plates), plastics, iron pipes, PVC pipes, glass and other special materials; it can also measure coated materials such as paint layers on the surface of workpieces; it is widely used in manufacturing, metal processing, chemical industry, commodity inspection and other testing fields. The working principle is to use the ultrasonic pulse emitted by the probe to reach the object to be measured and propagate in the object. When it reaches the material interface, it is reflected back to the probe. The thickness of the material to be measured is determined by accurately measuring the time it takes for the ultrasonic wave to propagate in the material.

[0135] (4) LTD-2600 new intelligent ground penetrating radar system. LTD ground penetrating radar consists of an integrated host, antenna and related accessories. Regarding the high-frequency electromagnetic pulses used by ground penetrating radar, the media usually encountered in engineering inspections and explorations are low-loss media with displacement current as the main component. In this type of medium, the reflection coefficient and wave velocity mainly depend on the dielectric constant ε of the medium. The relative dielectric constant of air is 1, the smallest; the relative dielectric constant of water is 81, the largest. When the radar is working, it emits high-frequency electromagnetic pulses (tens of megahertz to thousands of megahertz) to the underground medium. When the electromagnetic pulses encounter the interface between different electrical media, they are reflected or scattered. The ground penetrating radar receives and records these signals, and then further signal processing and interpretation can be used to understand the situation of the underground medium.

[0136] Sixth embodiment:

[0137] This embodiment protects a solid water source irrigation system irrigation method, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0138] Step 1: First, place the inner storage box 8 detachably in the inner cavity of the outer box body 7, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the inner box wall of the outer box body 7 is connected to the outer box wall of the inner storage box 8 through a plurality of shock absorbers 9, and then the degradable capsule particles 1 and the buffer solution 10 are encapsulated in the inner storage box 8 to ensure that the degradable capsule particles 1 are suspended in the buffer solution 10, and the assembly of the transport storage device is completed, and finally the transport storage device is transported to the transfer site, where a water-fertilizer integrated machine is placed;

[0139] Step 2: Take out the degradable capsule particles 1 from the transport storage device and load them into the drainer 14 of the water-fertilizer integrated machine. Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The integrated water and fertilizer machine starts to move under the traction of the front walking wheel 13 and the rear walking wheel 17, and the furrow opener 12 rotates counterclockwise to cut the soil and open the furrow. The soil 24 generated by cutting the soil and opening the furrow is thrown onto the conveyor belt 19, and the conveyor belt 19 transmits part of the soil 24 to the front soil discharger 15, and the other part of the soil 24 is transmitted to the rear soil discharger 18. At this time, in the following order, for the same trench: the drainer 14 discharges the degradable capsule particles 1 and lays them in the opened trench, the front soil discharger 15 discharges the first layer of soil 24, the seed discharger 16 sows seeds 26, the rear soil discharger 18 discharges the second layer of soil 24, and finally the soil cover 23 discharges the soil 24 to cover the surface of the trench, finally forming a sowing structure of degradable capsule particles 1, middle layer soil 27, seeds 26, surface soil 25, and surface covering soil from the bottom layer to the surface layer;

[0140] Repeat this step to complete the sowing and irrigation of each furrow 30 in the farmland;

[0141] Step three, such as Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, at least one infrared sensor 28 is vertically inserted and buried at the head or tail of each furrow 30, and the infrared sensor 28 is started by using a terminal 29. Each infrared sensor 28 emits a plurality of infrared rays, which are respectively directed toward the surface soil 25, the seeds 26, the middle soil 27 and the degradable capsule particles 1. The infrared sensor 28 emits infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles 1, and the degradable capsule particles 1 reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor 28. The infrared sensor 28 processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal 29. The terminal 29 obtains the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles 1 according to the thermal imaging, and obtains the water consumption according to the degradation degree.

[0142] In summary, the present invention protects a solid water source irrigation system and an irrigation method thereof, which includes a transportation and storage device encapsulating degradable capsule particles, a water-fertilizer integrated machine for spreading the degradable capsule particles, and a water volume monitoring device for monitoring the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles. The transportation and storage device transfers the degradable capsule particles to a transfer site, the water-fertilizer integrated machine at the transfer site loads the degradable capsule particles and spreads them into farmland, and the water volume monitoring device buried in the farmland monitors the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles. The degradable capsule particles are made of biodegradable materials. Different nutrients can be filled into the particles according to different crops. The thickness of the particles can be adjusted to achieve personalized irrigation, and different crops can be watered at a fixed time, in a fixed quantity and in a directional manner. The device for transporting and storing the degradable capsule particles provides a box with a shock-absorbing function for the degradable capsule particles. The inner storage box in the box is encapsulated with a buffer solution and degradable capsule particles. The buffer solution provides flexible protection for the degradable capsule particles, especially in the case of sudden braking or acceleration, which can effectively buffer the degradable capsule particles in the box to ensure that the degradable capsule particles are not impacted. In addition, the shock absorber can also provide secondary protection for the degradable capsule particles. The double protection can reduce the damage to the degradable capsule particles during transportation. Even if damage occurs, it will not flow out to cause pollution because of the two layers of protection. The water-fertilizer integrated machine used in the irrigation system integrates sowing and irrigation. It is divided into the following steps: digging trenches, sowing degradable capsule particles, and draining soil at one time. The sequence of planting, sowing, secondary soil discharge and covering soil is executed step by step, and finally a planting structure of degradable capsule particles, soil, seeds and topsoil from the bottom layer to the surface layer is formed, and reasonable stratification is carried out to create a good space for crop growth. The thickness between each layer can be adjusted by adjusting the conveying speed of the conveyor belt and the opening between the two sets of conveyor belts to adjust the structure for different crops; the water volume monitoring device transmits infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles through an infrared sensor, and the degradable capsule particles reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor. The infrared sensor processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal. The infrared sensor forms different types of thermal imaging according to the quality, material and structure of the material, thereby monitoring the relative height of the degradable capsule particles and transmitting the monitored data to the terminal. The terminal obtains the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles through the height data, calculates the amount of water consumed in a certain period of time, and then obtains the water supply of the crop and grasps the water storage status of the crop, so as to adjust the water supply in time.

[0143] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present invention, and in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solid water source irrigation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a transport storage device encapsulating degradable capsule particles (1), a water-fertilizer integrated machine for spreading the degradable capsule particles (1), and a water volume monitoring device for monitoring the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles (1), wherein the transport storage device transports the degradable capsule particles (1) to a transfer site, the water-fertilizer integrated machine at the transfer site is loaded with the degradable capsule particles (1) and spreads them to farmland, and the water volume monitoring device buried in the farmland monitors the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles (1); The integrated water and fertilizer machine integrates sowing and irrigation, and is executed step by step in the order of trenching, sowing the degradable capsule particles (1), primary soil discharge, sowing, secondary soil discharge and soil covering, and finally forms a sowing structure of degradable capsule particles (1), soil, seeds and topsoil from the bottom layer to the surface layer.

2. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degradable capsule particles (1) are composed of two parts from top to bottom, namely an upper cover (2) and a lower capsule body (3); the capsule body (3) is a hollow capsule-shaped cavity (5) structure having an injection port (4); the cover (2) is sealingly covered on the injection port (4); nutrients (6) for watering plants are encapsulated in the hollow capsule-shaped cavity (5) of the capsule body (3); a gap exists between the highest liquid level of the nutrients (6) and the inner surface of the cover (2) or the inner wall of the capsule body (3); the nutrients (6) are water, solid fertilizer or other liquid fertilizer.

3. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing cover (2) and the capsule body (3) are both made of biodegradable materials; the shape of the sealing cover (2) matches the shape of the injection port (4); and the capsule body (3) is a bag-like structure with a smooth surface and no edges or corners.

4. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transport and storage device comprises at least an outer box body (7) and an inner storage box (8); the inner storage box (8) is detachably placed in the inner cavity of the outer box body (7); the inner box wall of the outer box body (7) is connected to the outer box wall of the inner storage box (8) via a plurality of shock absorbers (9); and the inner storage box (8) contains a buffer solution (10) and degradable capsule particles (1).

5. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buffer solution (10) is a sodium ion buffer solution, the density of the sodium ion buffer solution is the same as the density of the solution encapsulated in the degradable capsule particles (1), and the degradable capsule particles (1) are suspended in the buffer solution (10); The plurality of shock absorbers (9) are divided into two groups. Each group of shock absorbers (9) is evenly spaced and distributed along the circumferential direction on the outer box wall of the inner storage box (8). One group is close to the box cover of the inner storage box (8), and the other group is close to the box bottom of the inner storage box (8).

6. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated water and fertilizer machine comprises at least a frame (11), and along the direction of travel, the frame (11) is provided with a furrow opener (12), a front running wheel (13), a drainer (14), a front soil ejector (15), a seeding device (16), a rear running wheel (17), a rear soil ejector (18), and a soil cover (23) in sequence from front to back; Two parallel and opposite conveyor belts (19) are laid on the frame (11) along the travel direction, and the front soil ejector (15) and the rear soil ejector (18) are both placed below the conveyor belt (19). The conveyor belt (19) receives soil (24) produced by the furrowing device (12) and transfers part of the soil (24) to the front soil ejector (15), and transfers the other part of the soil (24) to the rear soil ejector (18). The rear soil ejector (18) receives the soil (24) and discharges it, and the covering device (23) discharges the soil (24) to cover the soil (24) discharged by the rear soil ejector (18); The drainer (14) and the seed metering device (16) have the same structure and are both made of a steel plate with a smooth inner wall. The drainer (14) is filled with degradable capsule particles (1) that can irrigate crops in a timely, quantitative and directional manner.

7. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The running direction of each of the conveyor belts (19) is consistent with the rotation direction of the furrow opener (12). The conveyor belt (19) portion for conveying soil (24) is divided into two sections with a height difference, namely a high belt (20) close to the furrow opener (12) and a low belt (21) close to the seed meter (16). The front end of the high belt (20) is in close contact with the furrow opener (12), and the rear end is smoothly connected to the front end of the low belt (21) through a transition belt (22). The rear end of the low belt (21) is a rear soil discharger (18) for receiving the soil (24) transported by the low belt (21); The front soil ejector (15) penetrates the low-level belt (21) and receives soil (24) thrown from the junction of the high-level belt (20) and the transition belt (22).

8. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water volume monitoring device comprises a plurality of infrared sensors (28) buried in a farmland, a plurality of degradable capsule particles (1) are also buried in the farmland, the infrared sensors (28) emit infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles (1), the degradable capsule particles (1) reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensors (28), and the infrared sensors (28) process the received reflected rays and send them to a terminal (29).

9. The solid water source irrigation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The farmland comprises at least a plurality of furrows (30), wherein the top layer to the bottom layer of each furrow (30) respectively comprises surface soil (25), seeds (26), middle soil (27) and degradable capsule particles (1), and at least one infrared sensor (28) is vertically inserted and buried at the head or tail of each furrow (30), and each infrared sensor (28) emits a plurality of infrared rays, which are respectively directed towards the surface soil (25), seeds (26), middle soil (27) and degradable capsule particles (1).

10. An irrigation method of a solid water source irrigation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: first, the inner storage box (8) is detachably placed in the inner cavity of the outer box body (7), the inner box wall of the outer box body (7) is connected to the outer box wall of the inner storage box (8) through a plurality of shock absorbers (9), and then the degradable capsule particles (1) and the buffer solution (10) are encapsulated in the inner storage box (8) to ensure that the degradable capsule particles (1) are suspended in the buffer solution (10), and the assembly of the transport storage device is completed, and finally the transport storage device is transported to a transfer site, where a water-fertilizer integrated machine is placed; Step 2: Take out the biodegradable capsule particles (1) from the transport storage device and load them into the drainer (14) of the water-fertilizer integrated machine. The water-fertilizer integrated machine starts to move under the traction of the front running wheel (13) and the rear running wheel (17). The furrow opener (12) rotates counterclockwise to cut the soil and open the furrow. The soil (24) generated by cutting the soil and opening the furrow is thrown onto the conveyor belt (19). The conveyor belt (19) transfers part of the soil (24) to the front soil discharger (15), and the other part of the soil (24) is transferred to the rear soil discharger (18). At this time, the following sequence is followed: For the same trench: the drainer (14) discharges the degradable capsule particles (1) which are laid in the trench, the front soil discharger (15) discharges the first layer of soil (24), the seed discharger (16) sows the seeds (26), the rear soil discharger (18) discharges the second layer of soil (24), and finally the soil coverer (23) discharges the soil (24) to cover the trench surface, finally forming a sowing structure from the bottom layer to the surface layer of the degradable capsule particles (1), the middle layer of soil (27), the seeds (26), the surface layer of soil (25), and the surface covering soil; Repeat this step to complete the sowing and irrigation of each furrow (30) in the farmland; Step 3: at least one infrared sensor (28) is vertically inserted and buried at the head or tail of each furrow (30); the infrared sensor (28) is activated by using a terminal (29); each infrared sensor (28) emits a plurality of infrared rays, which are respectively directed toward the surface soil (25), the seeds (26), the middle soil (27) and the degradable capsule particles (1); the infrared sensor (28) emits infrared rays to the degradable capsule particles (1); the degradable capsule particles (1) reflect the infrared rays and are received by the infrared sensor (28); the infrared sensor (28) processes the received reflected rays and sends them to the terminal (29); the terminal (29) obtains the degradation degree of the degradable capsule particles (1) based on thermal imaging, and obtains the water consumption based on the degradation degree.

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