Side roller switching control device and side roller switching control method

Abstract

A side roller switching control device and side roller switching control method, comprising a hydraulic pump station, a side roller A structure, a side roller B structure, a lower computer and an upper computer, wherein the side roller A structure comprises the side roller A, and the side roller B structure comprises the side roller B; the side roller A structure and the side roller B structure both comprise a tilt cylinder unit, two positioning cylinder units, and a wear detection unit; the wear detection unit comprises a tool wear detection device and a third pressure sensor; the tilt cylinder unit comprises a tilt cylinder and a first pressure sensor; the two tilt cylinders respectively drive the side roller A and the side roller B to rotate, each positioning cylinder unit comprises a positioning cylinder and a second pressure sensor, the positioning cylinder, the second pressure sensor and the hydraulic pump station are connected in sequence; the lower computer and the upper computer, the hydraulic pump station, the third pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are respectively connected. The invention can automatically realize the track position switching of the side roller A and the side roller B.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of side roller cutters, and in particular to a side roller cutter switching control device and a side roller cutter switching control method. Background Art

[0002] The maximum excavation diameter is one of the important parameters of the shield machine. Generally, the excavation diameter is guaranteed by the cutter at the edge of the cutter disc. The side cutters often wear faster than the cutters at other track positions due to their faster rotation speed, so the replacement frequency of the side cutters is higher. Insufficient excavation diameter will lead to problems such as difficulty in turning the shield machine and shield jamming, so it is particularly important to increase the working time of the side cutters.

[0003] The existing side cutters have fixed cutter boxes. When the side cutters are worn, the excavation diameter cannot be guaranteed and new cutters can only be replaced, which greatly limits the continuity of the cutterhead excavation operation and increases the number of cutter changes and downtime. In addition, the side cutters need to be replaced by opening the cabin and often need to be brought into the cabin with pressure, which increases the risk of the operation.

[0004] In order to reduce the risk of cutter wear and tear, the present invention provides a side cutter switching control device according to the wear law of the cutter disc cutter, which switches the side cutter with less wear to the track position of the side cutter with greater wear. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the above technology to a certain extent. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a side cutter switching control device.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide a side roller switching control method.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a side roller cutter switching control device, comprising a hydraulic pump station, a side roller cutter A structure and a side roller cutter B structure, wherein the side roller cutter A structure comprises a side roller cutter A, and the side roller cutter B structure comprises a side roller cutter B; further comprising a wear detection unit, a lower computer and a host computer; the side roller cutter A structure and the side roller cutter B structure both comprise a tilt cylinder unit, two positioning cylinder units and a wear detection unit; the wear detection unit comprises a tool wear detection sensor, an accumulator and a third pressure sensor, and the tool wear detection device, the accumulator, the third pressure sensor and the hydraulic pump station are connected in sequence;

[0008] The tilt cylinder unit includes a tilt cylinder and a first pressure sensor, and the tilt cylinder, the first pressure sensor and the hydraulic pump station are connected in sequence; the two tilt cylinders drive the side roller A and the side roller B to rotate respectively,

[0009] Each of the positioning cylinder units includes a positioning cylinder and a second pressure sensor, and the positioning cylinder, the second pressure sensor and the hydraulic pump station are connected in sequence; the positioning cylinder is used to position the side roller A or the side roller B; the lower computer and the upper computer, the hydraulic pump station, the third pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are connected respectively; the lower computer is used to receive signals from the third pressure sensor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor and to control the opening / closing of the hydraulic pump station; the upper computer receives the signal fed back by the lower computer, issues an alarm and / or issues a control instruction to the lower computer.

[0010] Based on the above design, the track position switching of the side roller A and the side roller B can be automatically controlled to achieve fast and safe operation.

[0011] In addition, the side cutter switching control device proposed in the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0012] The wear detection unit also includes a first control ball valve, a manual reversing valve and a first pressure gauge. The manual reversing valve is connected to the accumulator, the third pressure sensor, the tool wear detection sensor in sequence, and is connected to the first pressure gauge. The first control ball valve, the manual reversing valve and the hydraulic pump station are connected in sequence; the third pressure sensor is connected to the lower computer, and a second control ball valve is also provided between the tool wear detection sensor and the manual reversing valve.

[0013] The tilt cylinder unit includes a first rod chamber oil pipe, a first rodless chamber oil pipe, two first overflow valves, two two-way hydraulic locks, a throttle valve and a first electromagnetic reversing valve; the first rod chamber oil pipe and the first rodless chamber oil pipe are respectively connected to the tilt cylinder; a first overflow valve, a two-way hydraulic lock and a throttle valve are respectively arranged on the first rod chamber oil pipe, another first overflow valve and another two-way hydraulic lock are arranged on the first rodless chamber oil pipe, and the first electromagnetic reversing valve is respectively connected to the first rod chamber oil pipe and the first rodless chamber oil pipe; the hydraulic pump station includes an oil return pipe and an oil inlet pipe, the oil return pipe is connected to the first rod chamber oil pipe, and the oil inlet pipe is connected to the first rodless chamber oil pipe.

[0014] The positioning cylinder unit includes a second solenoid reversing valve, a pressure reducing valve, a hydraulically controlled one-way valve, a second rod chamber oil pipe and a second rodless chamber oil pipe. The second solenoid reversing valve is connected to the second rod chamber oil pipe and the second rodless chamber oil pipe respectively; the pressure reducing valve and the hydraulically controlled one-way valve are respectively arranged on the second rod chamber oil pipe, the second rod chamber oil pipe is connected to the oil return pipe, and the second rodless chamber oil pipe is connected to the oil inlet pipe.

[0015] The hydraulic pump station also includes an oil tank, a filter, a cooler, an electromagnetic ball valve, a second overflow valve, a hydraulic pump, and a second pressure gauge; the oil tank, filter, cooler, electromagnetic ball valve, and second overflow valve are connected in sequence from back to front through an oil return pipe; the oil tank, hydraulic pump, electromagnetic ball valve, and second overflow valve are connected in sequence from front to back through an oil inlet pipe, and the second pressure gauge is arranged on the oil inlet pipe.

[0016] The side roller A structure and the side roller B structure both also include a knife box, the knife box and side roller A, or the knife box and side roller B are both arranged on a knife disc, and the side roller A or side roller B can be rotatably installed in the knife box; the knife box has left and right side panels and a rear panel, and the outer walls of the two side panels of the knife box are connected to a knife disc beam; the knife box is provided with a pin shaft and two rotating shafts, the pin shaft is fixedly connected to the rear panel of the knife box, the piston rod of the inclination cylinder is rotatably connected to the pin shaft, and the inclination cylinder is fixed on the knife disc; each of the rotating shafts passes through the corresponding side panel and a knife disc beam from the inside to the outside in sequence, the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the side panel, and the rotating shaft can be rotatably arranged relative to the knife disc beam; the inclination cylinder pulls or pushes the pin shaft to rotate the knife box around the rotating shaft, thereby changing the position of the knife box and the side roller.

[0017] The side hob A structure and the side hob B structure both further include two positioning mechanisms, each of which includes a positioning oil cylinder, a first countersunk hole, and a second countersunk hole; the positioning oil cylinder is fixed to the side plate, and the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder passes through the side plate and extends into the first countersunk hole or the second countersunk hole; the first countersunk hole and the second countersunk hole are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the cutter head beam at intervals in front and back, and the line connecting the centers of the first countersunk hole and the second countersunk hole is an arc line. The first countersunk hole and the second countersunk hole respectively correspond to the two track positions A and B of the tool box. When the tool box is at the track position A, the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder extends into the first countersunk hole; when the tool box changes from the track position A to the track position B around the rotating shaft, the piston rod of the positioning oil cylinder extends into the second countersunk hole, which plays a role in fixing and positioning.

[0018] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second embodiment of the present invention proposes a side cutter switching control method, which uses the side cutter switching control device to perform operations. The side cutter switching control method includes the side cutter switching steps:

[0019] During the tunneling process of the shield machine, the third pressure sensor detects that the side roller B on the cutter disc has abnormal wear through the tool wear detection device. The lower computer receives the signal detected by the third pressure sensor and reports it to the upper computer, which issues an abnormal alarm. The lower computer controls the cutter disc to stop running and controls the hydraulic pump station to start. The oil is respectively sent to the inclination cylinder and the positioning cylinder of the side roller A and the side roller B, and the piston rod of the inclination cylinder of the side roller A is extended, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder of the side roller A is retracted, driving the side roller A to rotate to the B track position, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder of the side roller A is extended again for positioning; the piston rod of the inclination cylinder of the side roller B is retracted, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder of the side roller B is retracted, driving the side roller B to rotate to the A track position, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder of the side roller B is extended again for positioning, completing the track position exchange of the side roller A and the side roller B.

[0020] In addition, the side cutter switching control method proposed in the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0021] It also includes a pressure holding step:

[0022] During the tunneling process of the shield machine, when the cutterhead encounters a collision or the torque is too large, the side roller A or the side roller B is subjected to a large extrusion pressure, and the inclination cylinder is depressurized until the pressure value of the first pressure sensor is lower than the preset value. The lower computer starts the hydraulic pump station to replenish the oil into the inclination cylinder in time to maintain the pressure of the inclination cylinder, thereby maintaining the elongation of the inclination cylinder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a hydraulic principle diagram of the side roller cutter switching control device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a control principle block diagram of the side cutter switching control device in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cutter disc in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along CC direction.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the DD direction.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the edge hob structure in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the trajectory change of the edge hob in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to better understand the above technical solution, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0031] See also Figure 1-4 A side roller cutter switching control device includes a hydraulic pump station 01, a side roller cutter A structure, a side roller cutter B structure, a lower computer and an upper computer; the side roller cutter A structure includes a side roller cutter A, and the side roller cutter B structure includes a side roller cutter B; the side roller cutter A structure and the side roller cutter B structure also include a tilt cylinder unit 04 and two positioning cylinder units 03, and a wear detection unit 02.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 1 The wear detection unit 02 includes a tool wear detection device 021, a first control ball valve 022, a manual reversing valve 023, an accumulator 024, a third pressure sensor 025 and a first pressure gauge 026. The tool wear detection device 021, the accumulator 024, the third pressure sensor 025 and the hydraulic pump station 01 are connected in sequence; the manual reversing valve 023 is connected to the accumulator 024, the third pressure sensor 025, the tool wear detection device 021 in sequence, and is connected to the first pressure gauge 026. The first control ball valve 022, the manual reversing valve 023 and the hydraulic pump station 01 are connected in sequence; a second control ball valve 027 is also provided between the tool wear detection device 021 and the manual reversing valve 023.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1The tilt cylinder unit 04 includes a tilt cylinder 4, a first pressure sensor 041, a first rod chamber oil pipe 042, a first rodless chamber oil pipe 043, two first overflow valves 044, two two-way hydraulic locks 045, a throttle valve 046 and a first electromagnetic reversing valve 047; the tilt cylinder 4, the first pressure sensor 041 and the hydraulic pump station 01 are connected in sequence; the two tilt cylinders 4 respectively drive the side roller A and the side roller B to rotate; the first rod chamber oil pipe 042 and the first rodless chamber oil pipe 043 are respectively connected to the tilt cylinder 4 ; A first overflow valve 044, a two-way hydraulic lock 045 and a throttle valve 046 are respectively arranged on the first rod chamber oil pipe 042, another first overflow valve 044 and another two-way hydraulic lock 045 are arranged on the first rodless chamber oil pipe 043, and the first solenoid reversing valve 047 is respectively connected with the first rod chamber oil pipe 042 and the first rodless chamber oil pipe 043; the hydraulic pump station 01 includes an oil return pipe 011 and an oil inlet pipe 012, the oil return pipe 011 is connected with the first rod chamber oil pipe 042, and the oil inlet pipe 012 is connected with the first rodless chamber oil pipe 043.

[0034] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 Each of the positioning cylinder units 03 includes a positioning cylinder 71, a second pressure sensor 031, a second electromagnetic reversing valve 032, a pressure reducing valve 033, a hydraulically controlled one-way valve 034, a second rod chamber oil pipe 035 and a second rodless chamber oil pipe 036; the positioning cylinder 71, the second pressure sensor 031 and the hydraulic pump station 01 are connected in sequence; the positioning cylinder 71 is used to position the side roller A or the side roller B; the second electromagnetic reversing valve 032 is respectively connected to the second rod chamber oil pipe 035 and the second rodless chamber oil pipe 036; the pressure reducing valve 033 and the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 034 are respectively arranged on the second rod chamber oil pipe 035, the second rod chamber oil pipe 035 is connected to the return oil pipe 011, and the second rodless chamber oil pipe 036 is connected to the oil inlet pipe 012.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 The hydraulic pump station 01 also includes an oil tank 013, a filter 014, a cooler 015, an electromagnetic ball valve 016, a second overflow valve 017, a hydraulic pump 018, and a second pressure gauge 019; the oil tank 013, the filter 014, the cooler 015, the electromagnetic ball valve 016, and the second overflow valve 017 are connected in sequence from back to front through the return oil pipe 011; the oil tank 013, the hydraulic pump 018, the electromagnetic ball valve 016, and the second overflow valve 017 are connected in sequence from front to back through the oil inlet pipe 012, and the second pressure gauge 019 is arranged on the oil inlet pipe 012.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1-2The lower computer is connected to the upper computer, the hydraulic pump station 01, the third pressure sensor 025, the first pressure sensor 041 and the second pressure sensor 031 respectively; the lower computer is used to receive signals from the third pressure sensor 025, the first pressure sensor 041 and the second pressure sensor 031 and control the opening / closing of the hydraulic pump station 01; the upper computer receives the signal fed back by the lower computer, issues an alarm and / or issues a control instruction to the lower computer, which can automatically control the switching of the trajectory position of the side roller A and the side roller B, thereby realizing fast and safe operation.

[0037] The functions of each component are as follows:

[0038] Tool wear detection device 021: used to detect the wear of the side cutter A or the side cutter B on the cutter disc. When the wear of the side cutter A or the side cutter B exceeds the set wear range, the tool wear detection device 021 releases the pressure, that is, it responds that the wear range is exceeded;

[0039] The first control ball valve 022 is used to close the oil of the hydraulic pump station 01 from entering the tool wear detection device 021 when the tool wear detection device 021 is abnormal or during replacement, so as to ensure the normal use of the hydraulic pump station 01;

[0040] Accumulator 024: used to form back pressure for the tool wear detection device 021. In the case of slight wear changes, the response is obvious, ensuring the high sensitivity of the tool wear detection device 021;

[0041] The third pressure sensor 025 is used to monitor the pressure of the tool wear detection device 021 and feed back the pressure to the lower computer.

[0042] The first pressure sensor 041 is used to monitor the pressure of the tilt cylinder 4 in real time;

[0043] The first overflow valve 044: plays a protective role for the tilt cylinder 4. Because the over-digging cutter is subjected to external force when working, the pressure in the tilt cylinder 4 will increase. A limit value is set to ensure that the cylinder seal will not be damaged;

[0044] Two bidirectional hydraulic locks 045: used to keep the extension length of the tilt cylinder 4 unchanged when the tilt cylinder 4 is under force, so as to ensure the over-excavation amount;

[0045] Throttle valve 046: used to adjust the speed of oil inlet to the tilt cylinder 4;

[0046] The first electromagnetic reversing valve 047 is used to change the extension and retraction of the tilt cylinder 4 and control the direction;

[0047] The second pressure sensor 031 is used to monitor the pressure of the positioning cylinder 71 in real time;

[0048] The second electromagnetic reversing valve 032 is used to change the extension and retraction of the positioning cylinder 71 and control the direction;

[0049] Pressure reducing valve 033: used to reduce the oil pressure entering the positioning cylinder 71;

[0050] Hydraulic control one-way valve 034: used to position the oil cylinder 71 to keep the oil cylinder in the extended state;

[0051] Please refer to Figure 3-6 The side roller A structure and the side roller B structure both include a knife box 1, the knife box 1 and the side roller A, or the knife box and the side roller B are both arranged on a knife disc 30, and the side roller A or the side roller B can be rotatably installed in the knife box 1; the knife box 1 has left and right side panels 11 and a rear panel 12, and the outer walls of the side panels 11 of the knife box 1 are connected to a knife disc beam 3; the knife box 1 is provided with a pin shaft 5 and two rotating shafts 6, and the pin shaft 5 is fixed to the knife On the rear plate 12 of the box 1, the piston rod of the inclination cylinder 4 is rotatably connected to the pin 5, and the inclination cylinder 4 is fixed on the cutter disc 30; each of the rotating shafts 6 passes through the corresponding side plate 11 and a cutter disc beam 3 from the inside to the outside in sequence, the rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the side plate 11, and the rotating shaft 6 can be rotatably arranged relative to the cutter disc beam 3; the inclination cylinder 4 pulls or pushes the pin to rotate the tool box 1 around the rotating shaft, thereby changing the trajectory position of the tool box 1 and the edge roller.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The side hob A structure and the side hob B structure both further include two positioning mechanisms 7, each of which includes a positioning cylinder 71, a first countersunk hole 72, and a second countersunk hole; the positioning cylinder 71 is fixed on the side plate 11, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 passes through the side plate 11 and extends into the first countersunk hole 72 or the second countersunk hole; the first countersunk hole 72 and the second countersunk hole are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the cutter head beam 3 at intervals in front and back, and the line connecting the centers of the first countersunk hole 72 and the second countersunk hole is an arc line. The first countersunk hole and the second countersunk hole respectively correspond to the two track positions A and B of the tool box. When the tool box is at the track position A, the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 extends into the first countersunk hole; when the tool box changes from the track position A to the track position B around the rotating shaft, the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 extends into the second countersunk hole, which plays a role in fixing and positioning. The tilt cylinder 4 is used as the power to drive the tool box 1 of the side roller 2 to rotate, so as to rotate the side roller 2 at the A track position and the B track position, and change the track positions. The side roller 2 at the A track position with less wear is used to replace the side roller 2 at the B track position with greater wear, thereby delaying the tool change time, improving the continuity and stability of the operation of the cutter disc 30, reducing the downtime, and reducing the tool change frequency and tool change risk.

[0053] Please refer to Figure 1 ,and Figure 4-5 , Figure 7 , a side hob switching control method, including a side hob switching step and a pressure holding step, the side hob switching step is as follows:

[0054] During the tunneling process of the shield machine, the third pressure sensor 025 detects abnormal wear of the side roller B on the cutter head through the tool wear detection device 021. The lower computer receives the signal detected by the third pressure sensor 025 and reports it to the upper computer, which issues an abnormal alarm. The lower computer controls the cutter head to stop running, and the lower computer automatically switches the trajectory positions of the side rollers A and B. That is, the lower computer controls the hydraulic pump station 01 to start, and the oil is sent to the inclination cylinder 4 and the positioning cylinder 7 of the side rollers A and B respectively. 1 is retracted, the piston rod of the inclination cylinder 4 of the side cutter A is extended, the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 of the side cutter A is retracted, the side cutter A is driven to rotate to the B track position, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 of the side cutter A is extended again for positioning; the piston rod of the inclination cylinder 4 of the side cutter B is retracted, the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 of the side cutter B is retracted, the side cutter B is driven to rotate to the A track position, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder 71 of the side cutter B is extended again for positioning, and the track position exchange of the side cutters A and B is completed.

[0055] Pressure holding steps:

[0056] During the tunneling process of the shield machine, when the cutterhead encounters a collision or the torque is too large, the side roller A or the side roller B is subjected to a large squeezing force, and the tilt cylinder 4 is depressurized until the pressure value of the first pressure sensor 041 is lower than the preset value. The lower computer starts the hydraulic pump station 01 to replenish the oil into the tilt cylinder 4 in time, so as to maintain the pressure of the tilt cylinder 4 and thus maintain the elongation of the tilt cylinder 4.

[0057] The present invention monitors the tool wear in real time, automatically controls the switching and limiting of the side hob, and realizes fast and safe operation. At the same time, through pressure monitoring, the oil in the tilt cylinder 4 is replenished in time and quickly to make up for the pressure loss, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the side hob trajectory position.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms should not be understood as necessarily being directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0060] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A side roller cutter switching control device, comprising a hydraulic pump station (01), a side roller cutter A structure and a side roller cutter B structure, wherein the side roller cutter A structure comprises a side roller cutter A, and the side roller cutter B structure comprises a side roller cutter B; characterized in that: It also includes a lower computer and an upper computer; the side hob A structure and the side hob B structure both include a tilt cylinder unit (04), two positioning cylinder units (03) and a wear detection unit (02); the wear detection unit (02) includes a tool wear detection device (021), an accumulator (024) and a third pressure sensor (025); the tool wear detection device (021), the accumulator (024), the third pressure sensor (025) and the hydraulic pump station (01) are connected in sequence; The tilt cylinder unit (04) comprises a tilt cylinder (4) and a first pressure sensor (041), wherein the tilt cylinder (4), the first pressure sensor (041) and the hydraulic pump station (01) are connected in sequence; the two tilt cylinders (4) respectively drive the side roller A and the side roller B to rotate; the tilt cylinder unit (04) also comprises a first rod chamber oil pipe (042), a first rodless chamber oil pipe (043), two first overflow valves (044), two bidirectional hydraulic locks (045), a throttle valve (046) and a first electromagnetic switch The first solenoid reversing valve (047) is connected to the first rod chamber oil pipe (042) and the first rodless chamber oil pipe (043) respectively. The first overflow valve (044), a two-way hydraulic lock (045) and a throttle valve (046) are respectively arranged on the first rod chamber oil pipe (042), another first overflow valve (044) and another two-way hydraulic lock (045) are arranged on the first rodless chamber oil pipe (043), and the first solenoid reversing valve (047) is respectively connected to the first rod chamber oil pipe (042) and the first rodless chamber oil pipe (043); The hydraulic pump station (01) comprises an oil return pipe (011) and an oil inlet pipe (012), wherein the oil return pipe (011) is in communication with a first rod chamber oil pipe (042), and the oil inlet pipe (012) is in communication with a first rodless chamber oil pipe (043); Each positioning cylinder unit (03) comprises a positioning cylinder (71) and a second pressure sensor (031), and the positioning cylinder (71), the second pressure sensor (031) and the hydraulic pump station (01) are connected in sequence; the positioning cylinder (71) is used to position the side roller A or the side roller B; The lower computer is connected to the upper computer, the hydraulic pump station (01), the third pressure sensor (025), the first pressure sensor (041) and the second pressure sensor (031) respectively; the lower computer is used to receive signals from the third pressure sensor (025), the first pressure sensor (041) and the second pressure sensor (031) and control the opening / closing of the hydraulic pump station (01); the upper computer receives the signal fed back by the lower computer, issues an alarm and / or issues a control instruction to the lower computer.

2. The side roller switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear detection unit (02) further comprises a first control ball valve (022), a manual reversing valve (023) and a first pressure gauge (026); the manual reversing valve (023) is respectively connected to the accumulator (024), the third pressure sensor (025) and the tool wear detection device (021) in sequence, and is also connected to the first pressure gauge (026); the first control ball valve (022) and the manual reversing valve (023) are connected to the hydraulic pump station (01) in sequence; and a second control ball valve (027) is also provided between the tool wear detection device (021) and the manual reversing valve (023).

3. The side cutter switching control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning cylinder unit (03) comprises a second electromagnetic reversing valve (032), a pressure reducing valve (033), a hydraulically controlled non-return valve (034), a second rod chamber oil pipe (035) and a second rodless chamber oil pipe (036); the second electromagnetic reversing valve (032) is respectively connected to the second rod chamber oil pipe (035) and the second rodless chamber oil pipe (036); the pressure reducing valve (033) and the hydraulically controlled non-return valve (034) are respectively arranged on the second rod chamber oil pipe (035); the second rod chamber oil pipe (035) is connected to the return oil pipe (011), and the second rodless chamber oil pipe (036) is connected to the oil inlet pipe (012).

4. The side roller switch control device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic pump station (01) further comprises an oil tank (013), a filter (014), a cooler (015), an electromagnetic ball valve (016), a second overflow valve (017), a hydraulic pump (018), and a second pressure gauge (019); the oil tank (013), the filter (014), the cooler (015), the electromagnetic ball valve (016), and the second overflow valve (017) are connected in sequence from back to front via an oil return pipe (011); the oil tank (013), the hydraulic pump (018), the electromagnetic ball valve (016), and the second overflow valve (017) are connected in sequence from front to back via an oil inlet pipe (012), and the second pressure gauge (019) is arranged on the oil inlet pipe (012).

5. The side roller switch control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side cutter A structure and the side cutter B structure both further include a cutter box (1); the cutter box (1) and the side cutter A, or the cutter box and the side cutter B, are both arranged on a cutter disc (30); the side cutter A or the side cutter B is rotatably mounted in the cutter box (1); the cutter box (1) has left and right side plates (11) and a rear plate (12); the outer walls of the side plates (11) of the cutter box (1) are both connected to a cutter disc beam (3); The knife box (1) is provided with a pin shaft (5) and two rotating shafts (6), the pin shaft (5) is fixedly connected to the rear plate (12) of the knife box (1), the piston rod of the tilt cylinder (4) is rotatably connected to the pin shaft (5), and the tilt cylinder (4) is fixed to the knife disc (30); Each rotating shaft (6) passes through a corresponding side plate (11) and a cutter head beam (3) in sequence from the inside to the outside; the rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the side plate (11), and the rotating shaft (6) can be rotatably arranged relative to the cutter head beam (3).

6. The side cutter switching control device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The side roller A structure and the side roller B structure both further include two positioning mechanisms (7), each of the positioning mechanisms (7) including a positioning cylinder (71), a first countersunk hole (72) and a second countersunk hole; the positioning cylinder (71) is fixed on the side plate (11), and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (71) passes through the side plate (11) and extends into the first countersunk hole (72) or the second countersunk hole; the first countersunk hole (72) and the second countersunk hole are respectively arranged on the inner wall of the cutter head beam (3) at intervals in front and back, and the line connecting the centers of the first countersunk hole (72) and the second countersunk hole is an arc line.

7. A side roller switching control method, characterized in that: The side cutter switching control device as described in claims 1-4 is used for operation, and the side cutter switching control method includes the side cutter switching steps: During the tunneling process of the shield machine, the third pressure sensor (025) detects abnormal wear of the side roller B on the cutter head through the tool wear detection device (021). The lower computer receives the signal detected by the third pressure sensor (025) and reports it to the upper computer, which issues an abnormal alarm. The lower computer controls the cutter head to stop running and controls the hydraulic pump station (01) to start. The oil is respectively sent to the inclination cylinder (4) and the positioning cylinder (71) of the side roller A and the side roller B. The piston rod of the positioning cylinder (71) of the side roller A is extended, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (71) of the side roller A is retracted, driving the side roller A to rotate to the B track position, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (71) of the side roller A is extended again for positioning; the piston rod of the inclination cylinder (4) of the side roller B is retracted, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (71) of the side roller B is retracted, driving the side roller B to rotate to the A track position, and the piston rod of the positioning cylinder (71) of the side roller B is extended again for positioning, thereby completing the track position exchange of the side roller A and the side roller B.

8. The side roller switching control method according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a pressure holding step: During the tunneling process of the shield machine, when the cutter head encounters an impact or the torque is too large, the side cutter A or the side cutter B is subjected to a large squeezing force, and the tilt cylinder (4) is depressurized until the pressure value of the first pressure sensor (041) is lower than the preset value. The lower computer starts the hydraulic pump station (01) to replenish the oil into the tilt cylinder (4) in time, so as to maintain the pressure of the tilt cylinder (4).

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