Graphite incinerator suitable for combustion of halogen-containing organic matter and forming process of its nozzle

Abstract

The invention discloses a graphite incinerator suitable for burning halogen-containing organic matter, wherein the inner layer of the furnace barrel is made of graphite material, and the outer wall may have a graphite fiber winding layer; the flame nozzle of the incinerator or a part thereof is a mesh structure, and its constituent materials are graphitized carbon fiber and a silicon carbide sintered layer coated on the surface. The nozzle surface of the invention is heat-resistant and can react with halogen gas to remove the harm of halogen, and is suitable for burning halogen-containing highly toxic organic matter, effectively avoiding the generation of dioxins, and having a good heat transfer effect of the furnace barrel, which is both safe and environmentally friendly and energy-saving and consumption-reducing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an incinerator and parts thereof. Background Art

[0002] An incinerator is an environmental protection equipment that can incinerate waste gas, waste liquid, solid waste, for example, toxic gas (paint exhaust), toxic rocket liquid fuel, medical waste, domestic waste, animal carcasses, etc. at high temperature to reduce or shrink the quantitative amount, and at the same time utilize part of the thermal energy of the incineration medium.

[0003] The principle of the incinerator is to use the combustion of fuels such as coal, oil, and gas to burn and carbonize the objects to be treated at high temperature to achieve the purpose of disinfection.

[0004] Nozzle ignition is a common ignition method for oil burners. The ignition performance of the oil burner nozzle is directly related to the safety and economic operation of the burner. If the ignition performance of the burner nozzle is not good, the ignition time will be extended and fuel will be wasted. If the ignition fails for many times or the transition to a good combustion state cannot be made quickly, the accumulated oil in the boiler will explode and seriously affect the safety of the boiler and the operator.

[0005] Typically, the burner consists of an internal flamethrower and a lamp housing or lamp cap.

[0006] The invention of application number: 2013100031359 relates to a burner fuel nozzle and a method for supplying fuel to a burner. More specifically, a burner fuel nozzle includes a center body and an inner shroud circumferentially surrounding at least a portion of the center body. The inner shroud has a downstream surface. The fuel nozzle includes an inner passage between the center body and the inner shroud, an outer passage circumferentially surrounding at least a portion of the inner shroud, and a first group of multiple fuel ports extending generally radially outward through the center body. The first group of multiple fuel ports is upstream of the downstream surface of the inner shroud. The invention only relates to the nozzle structure and does not involve the selection of manufacturing materials.

[0007] The utility model with application number: 2014206946493 relates to a plasma double-channel burner nozzle, including a primary coal powder supply channel, a plasma igniter, a connecting pipe, and a secondary coal powder supply pipeline, characterized in that: a high-temperature resistant, heat-insulating, and wear-resistant protective sleeve is inlaid inside the main channel sleeve, and a flame shape adjustment channel sleeve is provided on the outside, and a flame shape adjustment channel is provided inside the flame shape adjustment channel sleeve, and the front opening end thereof is fixed with an annular baffle, and the other end of the flame shape adjustment channel sleeve is connected to the flame shape adjustment pipeline, and the annular baffle has a flame shape adjustment pipeline hole. This product cannot effectively remove the hazards of halogen-containing combustion. Summary of the invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention:

[0009] Provided are a graphite incinerator suitable for burning halogen-containing organic matter and capable of effectively removing the hazards caused by the combustion of halogen-containing substances, and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0010] Technical solution:

[0011] The graphite incinerator suitable for burning halogen-containing organic matter of the present invention has a flame nozzle (or burning lamp holder, lampshade, part or all) of a mesh structure (which is convenient for the flame generated by combustion to be ejected from a plurality of mesh holes for combustion, which not only has smooth gas discharge and generates a larger fire, but also improves the combustion efficiency; at the same time, it brings the halogen gas required below into full contact with the silicon carbide sintered layer). The constituent material of the mesh structure is a graphitized carbon fiber woven net, and a layer of silicon carbide sintered layer is coated on the surface.

[0012] The braided net is preferably a double-layer structure, with the surrounding parts of the double layer connected as one, and the middle part of the double layer having a space for accommodating the flame core (because the flame core temperature is lower than the upper end of the flame, the flame used in the present invention can reach the temperature required for the reaction of silicon carbide and halogen, and the temperature of the braided net at the flame core can be controlled to be lower than the temperature at which the graphite fiber melts or burns, thereby protecting the braided net from being easily burned).

[0013] Reaction principle:

[0014] Silicon carbide reacts with halogen gas (usually chlorine) under high temperature conditions (1000-1600℃) (halogen-containing organic matter is easy to release halogen gas when heated or burned), and silicon atoms are released in the form of gaseous tetrachloride, which is then absorbed by water mist to generate silicic acid or metasilicic acid and hydrogen chloride, which is neutralized by sodium hydroxide. The reaction equation involved is as follows:

[0015] (1) SiC + 2Cl2 = SiCl4 + C;

[0016] (2) SiCl4+3H2O=H2SiO3+4HCl;

[0017] (3) HCl+NaOH=NaCl+H2O.

[0018] The preparation method of the above-mentioned incinerator may have the following molding process:

[0019] 1) Incinerator nozzle made of carbon fiber woven into a mesh (carbon fiber mesh);

[0020] 2) Graphitizing the carbon fiber mesh to form a graphite fiber mesh;

[0021] 3) Use silicon carbide powder to make carbide silica gel mud (or emulsion, preferably made of inorganic glue, which has higher temperature resistance);

[0022] 4) The graphite mesh is impregnated or coated with carborundum silica gel mud, dried, and sintered (the sintering temperature is lower than the melting point of the graphite fiber) to form a graphite fiber mesh nozzle with a silicon carbide sintered layer.

[0023] When incinerating halogen-containing organic matter, the silicon carbide layer on the surface of the graphite fiber mesh nozzle is corroded by the halogen gas and then removed from the incinerator. Then, the surface of the graphite fiber is impregnated or coated with carbonized silica gel mud (or emulsion), dried, and sintered, and then repeatedly used to manufacture or assemble the incinerator.

[0024] In the present invention, the furnace body of the incinerator is preferably mainly made of graphite material to form a cylinder (a straight-cylinder furnace body is further preferred, which has low smoke resistance and is convenient for winding the graphite fibers described below), and a part or all of the outer wall of the graphite cylinder is made of graphite fibers wound with reinforced heat-resistant resin (such as phenolic resin or epoxy phenolic resin) and cured.

[0025] The present invention provides a heat exchange device (such as a hot and cold coil) on the outer side of the incinerator cylinder, which can produce a large amount of steam as a by-product.

[0026] Beneficial effects:

[0027] Since graphite has better heat transfer performance than other carbon fibers, the by-product steam effect of the present invention is better than that of ordinary graphite incinerators.

[0028] The nozzle surface of the invention is resistant to heat and oxygen oxidation, and can react with halogen gas to remove the harm of halogen, and is suitable for the combustion of halogen-containing highly toxic organic matter (especially toxic liquids). The incineration of halogen-containing highly toxic organic matter has reasonable heat extraction, strong detoxification, effectively avoids the generation of dioxins, and is safe and environmentally friendly.

[0029] The burning lamp head has a wide burning temperature range, can be reused, and has a long service life. The straight-tube furnace body has small flue resistance, complete combustion, and a simple system.

[0030] The graphite fiber winding layer can enhance the mechanical properties of the graphite cylinder while reducing the thickness of the graphite furnace body and improving the heat transfer performance. The cylinder is impermeable graphite, and its corrosion resistance and heat transfer performance are superior to stainless steel.

[0031] The invention has high by-product steam efficiency, high efficiency in treating halogen-containing three wastes, and saves energy and reduces consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the incinerator of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure, 1-gas, liquid or solid pipeline; 2-gas branch (may have auxiliary combustion gas); 3-graphite fiber mesh (lower layer); 4-graphite fiber mesh (upper layer); 5-mesh; 6-flame top; 7-flame core; 8-graphite cylinder; 8-graphite fiber winding layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] like Figure 1 The figure shows the partial structure of the incinerator of the present invention, wherein the furnace barrel is made of graphite, and the outer wall of the graphite furnace barrel has a graphite fiber winding solidified layer. The flame nozzle part thereof is a mesh structure, and the constituent material of the mesh structure is a graphitized carbon fiber double-layer structure woven net, and the surface is coated with a layer of silicon carbide sintered layer. The gas and flame are sprayed out and burned evenly from a plurality of mesh holes, and the contact area between the halogen gas and the silicon carbide sintered layer is large. The middle part of the double layer has a space for accommodating the flame core, and the surrounding part of the double layer is connected together. During combustion, the temperature of the flame core part is lower than the flame top temperature, which can control the combustion state and ensure that the graphitized fiber structure of the woven net is firm.

Claims

1. A graphite incinerator suitable for burning halogen-containing organic matter, characterized in that: The flame nozzle part of the incinerator is a mesh structure, which is convenient for the flame to be ejected from a plurality of mesh holes for combustion. The constituent material of the mesh structure is a graphitized carbon fiber woven net, and a silicon carbide sintered layer is coated on the surface.

2. The graphite incinerator suitable for burning halogen-containing organic matter as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace drum is mainly made of graphite, and the outer wall of the graphite furnace drum has a graphite fiber winding and solidifying layer.

3. A forming process for a nozzle of a graphite incinerator suitable for burning halogen-containing organic matter, characterized in that: 1) The incinerator nozzle is woven into a mesh of carbon fiber to form a carbon fiber mesh; 2) Graphitizing the carbon fiber mesh to form a graphite fiber mesh; 3) Using silicon carbide powder to make carbide silica gel mud; 4) The graphite mesh is impregnated or coated with carborundum silica gel mud, dried, and sintered to form a graphite fiber mesh nozzle with a silicon carbide sintered layer.

4. The molding process of the nozzle of the graphite incinerator suitable for the combustion of halogen-containing organic matter as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: After the surface layer of the graphite fiber mesh nozzle is corroded, the surface is again impregnated or coated with carbonized silica gel mud, dried, sintered, and repeatedly used to make the incinerator.

Images