A material loading device

Abstract

The present invention relates to a material loading device, which includes an X-axis drive mechanism, a Y-axis drive mechanism, a Z-axis drive mechanism, an adsorption structure, a control center, a material box, a baffle plate, a rotating structure and a pushing structure. The adsorption structure is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis drive mechanism, the Z-axis drive mechanism is fixed on the X-axis drive mechanism, and the X-axis drive mechanism is fixed on the Y-axis drive mechanism. The adsorption structure is used for adsorbing materials, and the adsorption structure moves to the material box through the X-axis drive mechanism, the Y-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism. A positive and negative sensor for detecting the front and back of the material is provided on the side of the material box. The bottom of the material box is connected to the rotating structure. The baffle plate is located at the rear end of the material box, and material box accommodation positions are respectively provided on both sides corresponding to the bottom of the material box. There are two pushing structures, and the installation positions of the two pushing structures correspond to the positions of the two material box accommodation positions. The control center is electrically connected to the positive and negative sensor and the rotating structure respectively. This device can complete the adsorption movement and feeding operation of materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of processing equipment for mechanical components, and more specifically, to a material loading device. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of mechanical components, it is often necessary to process disk-shaped ferromagnetic materials, such as disk components used in automobile engines. The material to be processed is usually located in a material box, and there is a certain distance between the material box and the next process production line. The operator needs to move the material from the material box to the production line. Due to the circular appearance characteristics of the material, when using an ordinary claw-shaped robotic arm to grasp and move or load the material, the circular material is likely to slip. If manual operation is used for moving or loading, due to the large mass of the material, it will cause excessive workload for workers and low overall production line efficiency. If the same production line is used to produce materials of different sizes or weights, in order to ensure the accuracy and stability of grasping, different robotic arms need to be installed for matching.

[0003] At the same time, the two surfaces of the material have different structures. When the material is transported to the entrance of a certain production line by mechanical means, the result after the material falls off is random, and its orientation cannot be guaranteed to be consistent. Different processing methods are required for different surfaces of the material. Therefore, before the material is processed, it must maintain the correct surface orientation to obtain the correct processing when transported into a certain processing line. If manual identification and loading are used, not only is the workload of workers large, but also due to the large number of materials, it is inevitable that mistakes will occur in manual operation, and it is difficult to ensure a 100% correct rate. To sum up, it has good practical significance in the process of producing disk-shaped ferromagnetic materials to invent a material loading device that can adsorb and move the material from the material box to the production line, can adapt to various sizes and models of disk materials, realize fully automated operation, adsorb firmly, the material will not slip, and can automatically identify the front and back sides of the material to ensure that the state of each material entering the production and processing line is consistent. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to overcome at least one of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a material loading device that adsorbs and moves the material from the material box to the production line, is applicable to ferromagnetic materials of various sizes and weights, can realize fully automated operation, adsorbs firmly at the same time, automatically identifies the front and back sides of the material and performs correct loading, so as to solve the problems that it is easy for a robotic arm to slip when grasping a disk material or the workload of manual loading is large and the efficiency is low, and the material needs to maintain a unified orientation when entering the production line for processing.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A material loading device includes an X-axis drive mechanism, a Y-axis drive mechanism, a Z-axis drive mechanism, an adsorption structure, a control center, a material box, a baffle plate, a rotating structure and a pushing structure. The adsorption structure is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis drive mechanism. The Z-axis drive mechanism is fixed to the X-axis drive mechanism, and the X-axis drive mechanism is fixed to the Y-axis drive mechanism. The adsorption structure is used to adsorb materials. The adsorption structure moves to the material box through the X-axis drive mechanism, the Y-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism. A front-back sensor for detecting the front and back of the material is provided on the side of the material box. The bottom of the material box is connected to the rotating structure. The baffle plate is located at the rear end of the material box. Material box accommodation positions are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the material box. There are two pushing structures, and the installation positions of the two pushing structures correspond to the positions of the two material box accommodation positions. The control center is electrically connected to the front-back sensor and the rotating structure respectively.

[0007] In this technical solution, in order to adsorb materials at different positions in the material frame, the adsorption structure needs to move to any position in the frame. After the material is adsorbed, the adsorption structure needs to be moved to the feeding device for unloading the material. The movement of the adsorption structure depends on the drive of the X-axis drive mechanism, the Y-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism. The adsorption structure is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis drive mechanism. When the Z-axis drive mechanism moves, it drives the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move up and down along the Z-axis. The Z-axis drive mechanism is fixed to the X-axis drive mechanism. When the X-axis drive mechanism moves, it drives the Z-axis drive mechanism and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move along the X-axis direction. The X-axis drive mechanism is fixed to the Y-axis drive mechanism. When the Y-axis drive mechanism moves, it drives the X-axis drive mechanism, the Z-axis drive mechanism and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move along the Y-axis direction. Through the cooperation of the X, Y, and Z-axis drive mechanisms, the adsorbed material is moved into the feeding device. The feeding device is arranged behind the material adsorption and movement device and before the material processing process. The material enters the material box, and the baffle plate blocks the material to make it stationary. The front-back sensor on the side of the material box is used to detect the front and back orientation of the material. According to the detection result, the material box is controlled to tilt, and the material box accommodation position is used to receive the material box. Then, the corresponding pushing structure is used to push the material in the material box onto the processing line, automatically completing the process of front-back identification and feeding. There are two material box accommodation positions and two pushing structures, both of which are arranged on both sides of the material box. The material box accommodation position on the left side of the material box cooperates with the left pushing structure to work. When the material box tilts to the left, the left pushing structure works to push out the material. The material box accommodation position on the right side of the material box cooperates with the right pushing structure to work. When the material box tilts to the right, the right pushing structure works to push out the material.

[0008] When the material enters the material box, its orientation is random. Due to the different structures of the front and back sides of the material, for example, the grooves on the front side of some materials are shallow, while the grooves on the back side are deep. When the front and back sensor approaches the front side of the material, the sensor generates a signal; when the front and back sensor approaches the back side of the material, the sensor does not generate a signal. When the front and back sensor generates a signal, the control center controls the rotating structure to rotate and pour the bottom of the material box onto the corresponding material box accommodating position, and then the control center controls the corresponding pushing structure to push the material in the material box onto the corresponding processing production line. If the front and back sensor does not generate a signal, after a certain period of time, the control center automatically controls the rotating structure to rotate and pour the bottom of the material box onto another material box accommodating position, and then pushes the material in the material box onto the corresponding processing production line through the pushing structure matching this material box accommodating position.

[0009] In this technical solution, the Z-axis drive mechanism further includes a Z-axis gear, a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis rod, a Z-axis clamping structure, and a fixing structure. The Z-axis rack is provided on the side of the Z-axis rod. The Z-axis gear is connected to the motor shaft of the Z-axis motor, and the Z-axis gear meshes with the Z-axis rack. The adsorption structure is connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod. The Z-axis motor and the Z-axis clamping structure are installed on the fixing structure, and the fixing structure is fixedly connected to the X-axis drive mechanism. The Z-axis clamping structure slidably clamps the Z-axis rod.

[0010] The Z-axis motor provides the power for the movement of the Z-axis drive mechanism. The Z-axis motor drives the Z-axis gear to rotate. The gear meshes with the rack. The Z-axis rack is provided on the side of the Z-axis rod. That is, the Z-axis rod moves up and down with the rotation of the Z-axis gear, driving the adsorption structure connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move up and down along the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis motor is connected to the X-axis drive mechanism through the fixing structure. The fixing structure is provided with a Z-axis clamping structure. The two sides of the Z-axis rod are provided with protruding rail bars. The Z-axis clamping structure is a clamp matching the rail bars, and the clamp slides and fixes on the rail bars. The Z-axis clamping structure slidably clamps the Z-axis rod, having a sliding fixing function and a guiding function, so that the Z-axis rod only moves in the vertical direction.

[0011] In this technical solution, the X-axis drive mechanism includes an X-axis gear, an X-axis motor, and an X-axis frame. The X-axis rack is provided on the surface of the X-axis frame. The X-axis gear is connected to the motor shaft of the X-axis motor, and the X-axis gear meshes with the X-axis rack. The X-axis motor is installed on the fixing structure. The X-axis frame is fixed on the Y-axis drive mechanism.

[0012] The X-axis motor provides the power for the movement of the X-axis transmission mechanism. The X-axis motor drives the X-axis gear to rotate. The gear meshes with the rack, enabling the X-axis gear to rotate and move along the X-axis rack. The X-axis rack is provided on the surface of the X-axis frame, that is, the X-axis gear moves along the surface of the X-axis frame. The X-axis motor is installed on the fixed structure, and the Z-axis motor is also installed on the fixed structure. Therefore, the positions of the X-axis motor and the Z-axis motor are relatively fixed, and they do not interfere with each other during the movement. At the same time, when the X-axis gear moves, it can drive the entire Z-axis transmission mechanism to move along the X-axis frame, that is, drive the adsorption structure connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move in the X-axis direction.

[0013] In this technical solution, the Y-axis transmission mechanism includes a Y-axis motor, a driving wheel, a driving wheel belt, a driven wheel, a synchronous belt, and a Y-axis frame. The motor shaft of the Y-axis motor is connected to the driving wheel. The driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate through the driving wheel belt, and the driven wheel drives the synchronous belt to move along the Y-axis frame; the X-axis frame is fixed on the synchronous belt.

[0014] The Y-axis motor provides the power for the movement of the Y-axis transmission mechanism. The Y-axis motor drives the driving wheel to rotate. The driving wheel drives the first front driven wheel close to the driving wheel to rotate through the driving wheel belt. The first front driven wheel drives the second front driven wheel to rotate through a rotating rod. The first front driven wheel drives the first rear driven wheel to rotate through the first synchronous belt. The second front driven wheel drives the second rear driven wheel to rotate through the second synchronous belt. The X-axis frame is fixed on the synchronous belt. The two ends of the X-axis frame are respectively fixed on the first synchronous belt and the second synchronous belt of the Y-axis frame. When the Y-axis motor rotates, the two synchronous belts drive the X-axis frame to move in the Y-axis direction, that is, drive the adsorption structure connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move in the Y-axis direction.

[0015] Furthermore, the Z-axis transmission mechanism further includes a connection structure, an induction structure, and a sensing structure; the sensing structure is fixedly installed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod, and the connection structure is movably installed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod; the induction structure is installed on the connection structure, and its position corresponds to the position of the sensing structure; the connection structure connects the adsorption structure.

[0016] In this technical solution, the material is a circular material or a material of other shapes. The adsorption structure is the working part of the material adsorption device. To enable the adsorption structure to accurately adsorb the material, a combination of an induction structure and a sensing structure is set up. The position and the material adsorption state of the adsorption structure are identified through sensing signals. The connection structure is used to connect the Z-axis rod and the adsorption structure, so that each structure is combined into an overall device that can accurately adsorb the material. The Z-axis rod is a longitudinally movable rod-shaped structure. After the material is adsorbed, it can be driven by the Z-axis rod to the feeding device for the next production process operation.

[0017] Further, the adsorption structure is a magnetic head. The upper end of the magnetic head is connected to the connection structure, and its lower end is a smooth round head. The magnetic head is a high-strength magnet that can adsorb ferromagnetic materials. The adsorption structure is designed as a magnetic head. The upper end of the magnetic head is directly connected to the connection structure, and the lower end is a smooth round head. When the magnetic head contacts the material, there are no special requirements for the contact angle and position, which is beneficial to operation. When the magnetic head approaches the material, the mutual attraction between the magnetic head and the ferromagnetic material causes the magnetic head to automatically contact the upper surface of the material and adsorb the material on the magnetic head. When the Z-axis rod drives the adsorption structure to rise, under the action of its own weight, the end of the material far from the magnetic head remains stationary, and the end in contact with the magnetic head is lifted. The contact part between the magnetic head and the material moves from the middle of the upper surface of the material towards the edge of the upper surface of the material as the adsorption structure rises. Finally, the material is adsorbed on the side by the magnetic head and lifted vertically, and is moved to the material box by the drive of the Z-axis rod.

[0018] Further, the magnetic head includes a sleeve and a magnetic block installed in the sleeve. The upper end of the sleeve is open, and the connection structure passes through the sleeve to connect the magnetic block. The bottom of the lower end of the sleeve is a smooth round head. The magnetic head is composed of a sleeve and a magnetic block. The magnetic block is installed in the sleeve and mainly provides suction force for the material. The upper end of the sleeve is open, and the lower end of the connection structure passes through the upper end opening of the sleeve to connect the magnetic block in the sleeve, making the connection between the connection structure and the adsorption structure more firm. The bottom of the sleeve is a smooth round head. Due to the magnetic force, the force at the moment of contact between the magnetic head and the material is relatively large. The contact surface of the smooth round head can play a certain protective role for both the magnetic head and the surface of the material. Compared with a pointed head, the round head has a larger contact area, which is more conducive to the firm adsorption of the magnetic head and the material.

[0019] In this technical solution, the connection structure includes a connecting rod, a connecting rod guide sleeve, and a spring; the connecting rod guide sleeve is fixed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod, the sensing structure is installed at the upper end of the connecting rod, the spring is sleeved in the middle of the connecting rod and its top end is fixed on the connecting rod; the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod guide sleeve and its lower end is connected to the adsorption structure. The connecting rod is used to connect the Z-axis rod and the magnetic head. The connecting rod guide sleeve provides a guiding function for the movement of the connecting rod, enabling the connecting rod to drive the magnetic head to lift the material adsorbed on the magnetic head vertically. The connecting rod also connects the magnetic head and the sensing structure. The magnetic head is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod, and the sensing structure is installed at the upper end of the connecting rod. When the magnetic head moves, it drives the sensing structure to move through the connecting rod, enabling the sensing structure to sense the sensing structure fixed on the Z-axis rod and generate different position signals. When the magnetic head adsorbs the material, it will drive the connecting rod downward, compressing the spring sleeved in the middle of the connecting rod and with its top end fixed on the connecting rod and the bottom end against the connecting rod guide sleeve, generating an elastic force. When the adsorbed material is unloaded, the force pulling the spring downward by the connecting rod disappears. Since the sensing structure is installed above the spring, the elastic force of the spring provides the driving force for the sensing structure to return to its original position, enabling the sensing structure to return to its original position.

[0020] Further, an installation plate is provided at the lower end of the Z-axis rod. A through hole is provided on the installation plate, and the connecting rod guide sleeve passes through the through hole and is fixed on the installation plate. The installation plate at the lower end of the Z-axis rod is used to connect the Z-axis rod and the connecting structure. The connecting rod guide sleeve passes through the through hole on the installation plate and is fixed on the installation plate, movably fixing the connecting rod in the connecting rod guide sleeve on the Z-axis rod, and limiting the movement direction of the connecting rod to the vertical direction.

[0021] In this technical solution, the sensing structure is a sensor. The sensor includes a position sensor and a material weight sensor, with a total of 4. The position sensors are the first sensor and the second sensor respectively, and the material weight sensors are the third sensor and the fourth sensor respectively. The first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the left side, and the first sensor is above the second sensor. The third sensor and the fourth sensor are arranged on the right side, and the third sensor is above the fourth sensor. The first sensor is above the third sensor, and the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor is the same as the distance between the third sensor and the fourth sensor.

[0022] The induction structure includes a first induction block and a second induction block. The first induction block is installed at the top of the connecting structure, and the second induction block is installed at the upper end of the connecting structure and below the first induction block. The distance between the first induction block and the second induction block is less than the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor.

[0023] In the material loading device of the present invention, when the sensor and the induction structure are in corresponding positions, a signal can be induced. The number of material weight sensors arranged on the right side can also be 3 or more, and the quantity can be flexibly selected according to the installation position on the right side and the material weight. The functions of each material weight sensor are similar. When different sizes and weights of materials to be adsorbed are placed in the same material box, due to the different self-weights of the materials, the pulling force on the connecting rod is different, and the descending height of the induction block is different. The sensors arranged at different heights correspond to the induction structure, and the system can then judge the materials of different adsorbed weights, facilitating subsequent different material processing.

[0024] In this technical solution, the first induction block can correspond to the first sensor to generate an electrical signal; the first induction block can also correspond to the third sensor to generate an electrical signal; the second induction block can correspond to the second sensor to generate an electrical signal; the second induction block can also correspond to the fourth sensor to generate an electrical signal. When the first sensor and the third sensor correspond to the second induction block, no electrical signal is generated, and when the second sensor and the fourth sensor correspond to the first induction block, no electrical signal is generated either. Therefore, there are four working induction states between the induction block and the sensor, corresponding to four different adsorption states of the magnetic head.

[0025] In this technical solution, signals are generated by the mutual induction between the sensor and the induction block to determine the position and state of the magnetic head in the material adsorption device. When the magnetic head does not adsorb materials, the second sensor senses the second induction block and generates an unloaded signal. When the material adsorption device starts to work, the Z-axis rod drives the connecting rod, the first induction block, the second induction block and the magnetic head to move slowly downward. The magnetic head approaches the materials in the material box. After the magnetic head descends to a certain height, the suction force between the magnetic head and the materials causes the magnetic head to drive the connecting rod and the induction structure to move downward until the lower end of the sleeve contacts and presses the material surface. At this time, the magnetic head drives the connecting rod and the induction structure fixed on the connecting rod to change the moving direction and move upward, so that the first sensor senses the first induction block and generates a signal. The system senses that the adsorption action has been completed at this time and needs to pull up the material. Therefore, the Z-axis rod provides upward power for the connecting rod to pull the magnetic head and the material. When the Z-axis rod drives the adsorption structure to rise, under the action of its own weight, the end of the material far from the magnetic head remains stationary, and the end in contact with the magnetic head is lifted. The contact part between the magnetic head and the material moves from the middle of the upper surface of the material to the edge of the upper surface of the material as the adsorption structure rises. Finally, the material is sucked by the magnetic head on the side and lifted vertically.

[0026] During the process of the Z-axis rod driving the material to rise in the material adsorption device of this technical solution, if the material is a light material, the gravity of the material pulls the connecting rod downward, compresses the spring, drives the induction block to move downward, and the third sensor senses the first induction block and generates a signal. The system senses that the material at this time is a light material. When the material on the magnetic head reaches the material box and is unloaded, the load on the magnetic head disappears. Under the elastic force of the spring, the induction structure resets, and the second sensor senses the second induction block at its position and generates an unloaded signal. The system can perform the adsorption of the next material and drive the Z-axis rod to move downward.

[0027] During the process of the Z-axis rod driving the material to rise in the material adsorption device of this technical solution, if the material is a heavy material, the gravity of the material pulls the connecting rod downward, compresses the spring, drives the induction block to move downward, and the fourth sensor senses the second induction block and generates a signal. The system senses that the material at this time is a heavy material. When the material on the magnetic head reaches the material box and is unloaded, the load on the magnetic head disappears. Under the elastic force of the spring, the induction structure resets, and the second sensor senses the second induction block at its position and generates an unloaded signal. The system can perform the adsorption of the next material and drive the Z-axis rod to move downward.

[0028] Further, on the side of the lower end of the Z-axis rod, there are a first sensing structure mounting plate and a second sensing structure mounting plate at a certain distance apart. The first sensing structure mounting plate mounts a first sensor and a second sensor, and the second sensing structure mounting plate mounts a third sensor and a fourth sensor. The sensors are fixed to the lower end of the Z-axis rod through the sensing structure mounting plates. The first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the left side and fixed to the Z-axis rod through the first sensing structure mounting plate; the third sensor and the fourth sensor are arranged on the right side and fixed to the Z-axis rod through the second sensing structure mounting plate. The sensors are sensing components and are fixed to the Z-axis rod, which can reduce jitter during movement and improve the accuracy and stability of sensing.

[0029] The rotating structure includes a mounting base, a rotating rod and a motor both mounted on the mounting base. The motor is connected to the control center. The motor shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the rotating rod, and the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the material box. The rotating structure is the power source for the rotation of the material box. According to the signals transmitted by the front and back sensors on the material box, the control center controls the motor of the rotating structure to work, driving the motor shaft to rotate. The motor shaft drives the rotating rod to rotate, and the rotating rod drives the material box to tilt onto the material box accommodation position.

[0030] On the material box, a material box inlet is provided near the material feeding end, and a material box outlet is provided near the material processing end. A baffle is located at the rear of the material box outlet. The material box is a channel structure with open inlets and outlets. The material box inlet is for materials to enter, facing the incoming material direction; the material box outlet is for materials to be pushed out, facing the processing direction. The baffle is a vertical baffle, and its function is to block the materials from moving further backward, keep the materials stationary, and facilitate the front and back sensors to identify the front and back sides of the materials. The baffle is located at the rear of the material box outlet and is an independent component from the material box. When the material box tilts onto the material box accommodation position, the baffle does not move with the material box, enabling the materials to be pushed out from the material box outlet.

[0031] The material box inlet is provided with a left baffle and a right baffle that are turned outwards from both sides of the material box. When the materials are driven by the magnetic head from the previous process or the material frame and move to the material box inlet, the sides of the materials are attracted by the adsorption structure, and the orientation of the materials is irregular. The material box inlet is a long and narrow opening, and the materials moving horizontally cannot enter the material box. Therefore, the left baffle and the right baffle that are turned outwards are provided on both sides of the material box to form a passage that gradually narrows from the baffle to the material box inlet. When the materials in the horizontal state enter, the sides contact and collide with the baffle, and the orientation of the materials changes. When they contact and collide with the baffle again, the orientation of the materials changes again. The angle of the materials is continuously adjusted and gradually becomes a vertical orientation state. At the same time, the moving mechanism drives the materials to gradually move towards the material box inlet direction, enabling the materials to smoothly enter the material box.

[0032] A stripping sheet is set at the top of the material box inlet. The adsorption structure and the material are adsorbed by magnetic force. After entering the material box, the material needs to be separated from the magnetic head. In order to improve the separation efficiency, a stripping sheet with a thin outer side and a thick inner side is set at the top of the material box inlet. The thin outer end first contacts the adsorption structure and the material, and cuts the material from the lower end of the magnetic head, so that the material can smoothly separate from the magnetic head and enter the material box; the thick inner end is fixedly connected to the top of the material box, mainly playing a supporting and connecting role. The inner end has a certain thickness so that it is not easy to bend and damage, thereby making the stripping sheet more durable.

[0033] The bottom of the material box is provided with a slope that slopes downward from the material box inlet to the material box outlet. After the material enters the material box from the material box inlet, it needs to pass through the inside of the material box to reach the material box outlet. In order to make the material move more smoothly inside the material box, the bottom of the material box is provided with a slope that slopes downward from the material box inlet to the material box outlet. Under the action of its own weight, the material automatically rolls into the material box outlet along the slope of the bottom of the material box, making the material movement smoother and also saving the loading time.

[0034] The baffle plate is provided with a weight sensor. The basic function of the baffle plate is to block the material at the outlet of the material box. The weight sensor is provided on the baffle plate to further sense faults. After the material passes through the material box smoothly and contacts the baffle plate, the weight sensor is hit by the material and generates a signal, which is recognized by the control center as the material moving into place. If the material is stuck inside the material box due to angle problems and cannot reach the outlet of the material box, the weight sensor on the baffle plate does not generate a signal, and the control center recognizes it as an instrument failure state, and can alarm to notify the operator to handle it.

[0035] The rotating structure is arranged at one end of the material feed. The function of the rotating structure is to drive the material box to rotate and pour onto the material box accommodation position, which can be the inlet end or the outlet end of the material box. However, since the ejection device needs to push the material at the inlet end of the material box, the ejection device must be arranged at one end of the material feed. Arranging the rotating structure and the ejection device at the same end can save installation space and make the layout of the entire feeding device more compact and reasonable.

[0036] The push-out structure includes a left push-out structure and a right push-out structure, and the material box accommodating position includes a left material box accommodating position and a right material box accommodating position. The left push-out structure corresponds to the position of the left material box accommodating position; the right push-out structure corresponds to the position of the right material box accommodating position. The push-out structure cooperates with the position of the material box accommodating position to be used for loading materials in different directions.

[0037] The front push-out end of the push-out structure is set in an arc shape. The front push-out end of the push-out structure directly contacts the disc-shaped material. Setting it in an arc shape makes the push-out structure and the material fit more closely, and the material does not deviate in direction during the push-out process.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This device uses an adsorption structure to adsorb disc-shaped magnetic materials. The X, Y, and Z-axis drive mechanisms cooperate to move any material in the material frame to the feeding device. Then, the positive and negative sensors provided on the material box are used to intelligently identify the front and back of the material, and the material box accommodation position and pushing structure are used to complete the movement of the material, realizing fully automated material adsorption, movement, and feeding operations. The material is adsorbed firmly without slipping. When the adsorption structure is in different load states, the sensing structure and the induction structure cooperate to generate different induction signals, enabling the device of the present invention to accurately and stably complete the material adsorption work. The feeding process is automatic, intelligent, and highly efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the material loading device of this embodiment.

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the material adsorption and movement device of this embodiment.

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the magnetic head adsorbing materials from the material frame in this embodiment.

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the adsorption part of the material loading device of this embodiment.

[0043] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the adsorption part of the material loading device of this embodiment.

[0044] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device of this embodiment.

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the front of the material in this embodiment.

[0046] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the back of the material in this embodiment.

[0047] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the positive and negative sensors detecting the front of the material in this embodiment.

[0048] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the positive and negative sensors detecting the back of the material in this embodiment.

[0049] The figure includes: 1 - Z-axis drive mechanism; 101 - mounting plate; 102 - magnetic head; 103 - sleeve; 104 - magnetic block; 105 - connecting rod; 106 - connecting rod guide sleeve; 107 - spring; 108 - first sensor; 109 - second sensor; 110 - third sensor; 111 - fourth sensor; 112 - first induction block; 113 - second induction block; 114 - first sensing structure mounting plate; 115 - second sensing structure mounting plate; 11 - Z-axis gear; 12 - Z-axis motor; 13 - Z-axis rod; 14 - Z-axis rack; 15 - Z-axis clamping structure; 16 - fixing structure; 2 - X-axis drive mechanism; 21 - X-axis gear; 22 - X-axis motor; 23 - X-axis frame; 24 - X-axis rack; 3 - Y-axis drive mechanism; 31 - Y-axis motor; 32 - driving wheel; 33 - driving wheel belt; 341 - first front driven wheel; 351 - first rear driven wheel; 361 - first synchronous belt; 362 - second synchronous belt; 37 - Y-axis frame; 38 - rotating rod; 41 - material box; 411 - material box inlet; 412 - material box outlet; 413 - left baffle; 414 - right baffle; 415 - material discharging piece; 42 - material blocking plate; 43 - rotating structure; 441 - left pushing structure; 442 - right pushing structure; 45 - positive and negative sensor; 461 - left material box accommodating position; 462 - right material box accommodating position; 51 - front side of the material; 52 - back side of the material. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] The attached drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. For better illustrating the following embodiments, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which do not represent the dimensions of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0051] Embodiment 1

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, a material loading device includes an X-axis drive mechanism 2, a Y-axis drive mechanism 3, a Z-axis drive mechanism 1, an adsorption structure, a control center, a material box 41, a material blocking plate 42, a rotating structure 43 and a pushing structure. The adsorption structure is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis drive mechanism 1. The Z-axis drive mechanism 1 is fixed on the X-axis drive mechanism 2, and the X-axis drive mechanism 2 is fixed on the Y-axis drive mechanism 3. The adsorption structure is used to adsorb the material. The adsorption structure moves to the material box 41 through the X-axis drive mechanism 2, the Y-axis drive mechanism 3 and the Z-axis drive mechanism 1. A positive and negative sensor 45 for detecting the front and back sides of the material is provided on the side of the material box 41. The bottom of the material box 41 is connected to the rotating structure 43. The material blocking plate 42 is located at the rear end of the material box 41. Material box accommodating positions are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the material box 41. The pushing structure includes two, and the installation positions of the two pushing structures correspond to the positions of the two material box accommodating positions. The control center is electrically connected to the positive and negative sensor 45 and the rotating structure 43 respectively.

[0053] As Figure 2 shown, in this embodiment, in order to adsorb the materials at different positions in the material box, the adsorption structure needs to move to any position within the box. After the materials are adsorbed, the adsorption structure needs to be moved to the feeding device for unloading the materials. The movement of the adsorption structure depends on the driving of the X-axis transmission mechanism 2, the Y-axis transmission mechanism 3, and the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1. The adsorption structure is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1. When the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1 moves, it drives the materials adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move up and down along the Z-axis; the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1 is fixed on the X-axis transmission mechanism 2. When the X-axis transmission mechanism 2 moves, it drives the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1 and the materials adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move in the X-axis direction; the X-axis transmission mechanism 2 is fixed on the Y-axis transmission mechanism 3. When the Y-axis transmission mechanism 3 moves, it drives the X-axis transmission mechanism 2, the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1, and the materials adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move in the Y-axis direction. Through the cooperation of the X, Y, and Z-axis transmission mechanisms, the adsorbed materials are moved into the feeding device. As Figure 6 shown, the feeding device is arranged behind the material adsorption and moving device and before the material processing process. The materials enter the material box 41, and the baffle 42 blocks the materials to make them stationary. The positive and negative sensors 45 on the side of the material box 41 are used to detect the positive and negative orientations of the materials. According to the detection results, the material box 41 is controlled to tilt, and the material box receiving position is used to hold the material box 41. Then, the corresponding pushing structure is used to push the materials in the material box 41 onto the processing line, automatically completing the process of positive and negative identification and feeding. There are two material box receiving positions and two pushing structures, both arranged on both sides of the material box 41. The material box receiving position on the left side of the material box 41 cooperates with the left pushing structure to work. When the material box 41 tilts to the left, the left pushing structure works to push out the materials; the material box receiving position on the right side of the material box 41 cooperates with the right pushing structure to work. When the material box 41 tilts to the right, the right pushing structure works to push out the materials.

[0054] When the materials enter the material box 41, their orientations are random. Since the front and back structures of the materials are different, as Figure 7 shown, the grooves on the front of the materials are shallow, as Figure 8 shown, the grooves on the back are deep, as Figure 9 shown, when the positive and negative sensor 45 is close to the front surface 51 of the material, the sensor generates a signal; as Figure 10As shown, when the front and back sensor 45 is close to the back side 52 of the material, the sensor does not generate a signal. When the front and back sensor 45 generates a signal, the control center controls the rotating structure 43 to rotate and pour the bottom of the material box 41 onto the corresponding material box accommodating position, and then the control center controls the matching pushing structure to push the material in the material box 41 onto the corresponding processing production line. If the front and back sensor 45 does not generate a signal, after a certain period of time, the control center automatically controls the rotating structure 43 to rotate and pour the bottom of the material box 41 onto another material box accommodating position, and then pushes the material in the material box 41 onto the corresponding processing production line through the pushing structure matching this material box accommodating position.

[0055] As Figure 3 shown, in this embodiment, the Z-axis drive mechanism 1 further includes a Z-axis gear 11, a Z-axis motor 12, a Z-axis rod 13, a Z-axis clamping structure 15, and a fixing structure 16. A Z-axis rack 14 is provided on the side of the Z-axis rod 13. The Z-axis gear 11 is connected to the motor shaft of the Z-axis motor 12, and the Z-axis gear 11 meshes with the Z-axis rack 14. The adsorption structure is connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13. The Z-axis motor 12 and the Z-axis clamping structure 15 are installed on the fixing structure 16. The fixing structure 16 is fixedly connected to the X-axis drive mechanism 2, and the Z-axis clamping structure 15 slidably clamps the Z-axis rod 13.

[0056] The Z-axis motor 12 provides the power for the movement of the Z-axis drive mechanism 1. The Z-axis motor 12 drives the Z-axis gear 11 to rotate. The gear meshes with the rack. The Z-axis rack 14 is provided on the side of the Z-axis rod 13. That is, the Z-axis rod 13 moves up and down with the rotation of the Z-axis gear 11, driving the adsorption structure connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13 and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move up and down along the Z-axis direction. The Z-axis motor 12 is connected to the X-axis drive mechanism 2 through the fixing structure 16. The fixing structure 16 is provided with a Z-axis clamping structure 15. The two sides of the Z-axis rod 13 are provided with protruding rail strips. The Z-axis clamping structure 15 is a clamp matching the rail strips, and the clamp slides and fixes on the rail strips. The Z-axis clamping structure 15 slidably clamps the Z-axis rod 13, having a sliding fixing function and a guiding function, so that the Z-axis rod 13 only moves in the vertical direction.

[0057] In this embodiment, the X-axis drive mechanism 2 includes an X-axis gear 21, an X-axis motor 22, and an X-axis frame 23. An X-axis rack 24 is provided on the surface of the X-axis frame 23. The X-axis gear 21 is connected to the motor shaft of the X-axis motor 22, and the X-axis gear 21 meshes with the X-axis rack 24. The X-axis motor 22 is installed on the fixing structure 16. The X-axis frame 23 is fixed on the Y-axis drive mechanism 3.

[0058] The X-axis motor 22 provides the power for the movement of the X-axis transmission mechanism 2. The X-axis motor 22 drives the X-axis gear 21 to rotate. The gear meshes with the rack, enabling the X-axis gear 21 to rotate and move along the X-axis rack 24. The X-axis rack 24 is disposed on the surface of the X-axis frame 23, that is, the X-axis gear 21 moves along the surface of the X-axis frame 23. The X-axis motor 22 is installed on the fixed structure 16, and the Z-axis motor 12 is also installed on the fixed structure 16. Therefore, the positions of the X-axis motor 22 and the Z-axis motor 12 are relatively fixed, and they do not interfere with each other during the movement. At the same time, when the X-axis gear 21 moves, it can drive the entire Z-axis transmission mechanism 1 to move along the X-axis frame 23, that is, drive the adsorption structure connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13 and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move in the X-axis direction.

[0059] In this embodiment, the Y-axis transmission mechanism 3 includes a Y-axis motor 31, a driving wheel 32, a driving wheel belt 33, a driven wheel, a synchronous belt, and a Y-axis frame 37. The motor shaft of the Y-axis motor 31 is connected to the driving wheel 32. The driving wheel 32 drives the driven wheel to rotate through the driving wheel belt 33, and the driven wheel drives the synchronous belt to move along the Y-axis frame 37. The X-axis frame 23 is fixed to the synchronous belt.

[0060] The Y-axis motor 31 provides the power for the movement of the Y-axis transmission mechanism 3. The Y-axis motor 31 drives the driving wheel 32 to rotate. The driving wheel 32 drives the first front driven wheel 341 near the driving wheel 32 to rotate through the driving wheel belt 33. The first front driven wheel 341 drives the second front driven wheel (not labeled in the figure) to rotate through the rotating rod 38. The first front driven wheel 341 drives the first rear driven wheel 351 to rotate through the first synchronous belt 361. The second front driven wheel (not labeled in the figure) drives the second rear driven wheel (not labeled in the figure) to rotate through the second synchronous belt 362. The X-axis frame 23 is fixed to the synchronous belt. The two ends of the X-axis frame 23 are respectively fixed to the first synchronous belt 361 and the second synchronous belt 362 of the Y-axis frame 37. When the Y-axis motor 31 rotates, the two synchronous belts drive the X-axis frame 23 to move in the Y-axis direction, that is, drive the adsorption structure connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13 and the material adsorbed on the adsorption structure to move in the Y-axis direction.

[0061] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, the Z-axis transmission mechanism 1 further includes a connection structure, an induction structure, and a sensing structure. The sensing structure is fixedly installed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13. The connection structure is movably installed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13. The induction structure is installed on the connection structure, and its position corresponds to the position of the sensing structure. The connection structure connects the adsorption structure.

[0062] In this embodiment, the material is a circular material or a material of other shapes. The adsorption structure is the working part of the material adsorption device. To enable the adsorption structure to accurately adsorb the material, a combination of an induction structure and a sensing structure is provided. The position of the adsorption structure and the material adsorption state are identified through sensing signals. The connection structure is used to connect the Z-axis rod 13 and the adsorption structure, so that each structure is combined into an integral device that can accurately adsorb the material. The Z-axis rod 13 is a longitudinally movable rod-shaped structure. After the material is adsorbed, it can be driven by the Z-axis rod 13 to the feeding device for the next production process operation.

[0063] The adsorption structure is a magnetic head 102. The upper end of the magnetic head 102 is connected to the connection structure, and its lower end is a smooth round head. The magnetic head 102 is a high-strength magnet that can adsorb ferromagnetic materials. The adsorption structure is designed as the magnetic head 102. The upper end of the magnetic head 102 is directly connected to the connection structure, and the lower end is a smooth round head. When the magnetic head 102 contacts the material, there are no special requirements for the contact angle and position, which is beneficial to operation. When the magnetic head 102 approaches the material, the mutual attraction between the magnetic head 102 and the ferromagnetic material causes the magnetic head 102 to automatically contact the upper surface of the material and adsorb the material on the magnetic head 102. When the Z-axis rod 13 drives the magnetic head 102 to rise, under the action of its own weight, the end of the material far from the magnetic head 102 remains stationary, and the end in contact with the magnetic head 102 is lifted. The contact part between the magnetic head 102 and the material moves from the middle of the upper surface of the material towards the edge of the upper surface of the material as the magnetic head 102 rises. Finally, the material is sucked on the side by the magnetic head 102 and vertically lifted, and is moved to the material box 41 by the drive of the Z-axis rod 13.

[0064] The magnetic head 102 includes a sleeve 103 and a magnetic block 104 installed in the sleeve 103. The upper end of the sleeve 103 is open, and the connection structure passes through the sleeve 103 to connect the magnetic block 104. The bottom of the lower end of the sleeve 103 is a smooth round head. The magnetic head 102 is composed of the sleeve 103 and the magnetic block 104. The magnetic block 104 is installed in the sleeve 103 and mainly provides suction force for the material. The upper end of the sleeve 103 is open, and the lower end of the connection structure passes through the upper end opening of the sleeve 103 to connect the magnetic block 104 in the sleeve 103, making the connection between the connection structure and the adsorption structure more firm. The bottom of the sleeve 103 is a smooth round head. Due to the magnetic force, the force at the moment of contact between the magnetic head 102 and the material is relatively large. The contact surface of the smooth round head can play a certain protective role for both the magnetic head 102 and the surface of the material. Compared with a pointed head, the round head has a larger contact area, which is more conducive to the firm adsorption of the magnetic head 102 and the material.

[0065] In this embodiment, the connection structure includes a connecting rod 105, a connecting rod guide sleeve 106, and a spring 107; the connecting rod guide sleeve 106 is fixed to the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13, the sensing structure is installed at the upper end of the connecting rod 105, the spring 107 is sleeved on the middle part of the connecting rod 105 and its top end is fixed on the connecting rod 105; the lower end of the connecting rod 105 passes through the connecting rod guide sleeve 106 and its lower end is connected to the adsorption structure. The connecting rod 105 is used to connect the Z-axis rod 13 and the magnetic head 102, and the connecting rod guide sleeve 106 provides a guiding function for the movement of the connecting rod 105, so that the connecting rod 105 can drive the magnetic head 102 to vertically lift the material adsorbed on the magnetic head 102. The connecting rod 105 is also connected to the magnetic head 102 and the sensing structure at the same time. The magnetic head 102 is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod 105, and the sensing structure is installed at the upper end of the connecting rod 105. When the magnetic head 102 moves, it drives the sensing structure to move through the connecting rod 105, so that the sensing structure can sense the sensing structure fixed on the Z-axis rod 13 and generate different position signals. When the magnetic head 102 adsorbs the material, it will drive the connecting rod 105 downward, compressing the spring 107 sleeved on the middle part of the connecting rod 105 and with its top end fixed on the connecting rod 105 and its lower end abutted against the connecting rod guide sleeve 106 to generate an elastic force. When the adsorbed material is unloaded, the force that the connecting rod 105 pulls the spring 107 downward disappears. Since the sensing structure is installed above the spring 107, the elastic force of the spring 107 provides the power for the sensing structure to return to its original position, so that the sensing structure returns to its original position.

[0066] An installation plate 101 is provided at the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13. There is a through hole on the installation plate 101, and the connecting rod guide sleeve 106 passes through the through hole and is fixed on the installation plate 101. The installation plate 101 at the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13 is used to connect the Z-axis rod 13 and the connection structure. The connecting rod guide sleeve 106 passes through the through hole on the installation plate 101 and is fixed on the installation plate 101, movably fixing the connecting rod 105 inside the connecting rod guide sleeve 106 on the Z-axis rod 13, and limiting the movement direction of the connecting rod 105 to the vertical direction.

[0067] In this embodiment, the sensing structure is a sensor. The sensor includes a position sensor and a material weight sensor, with a total of 4. The position sensors are the first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109 respectively, and the material weight sensors are the third sensor 110 and the fourth sensor 111 respectively. The first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109 are arranged on the left side, the first sensor 108 is arranged above the second sensor 109, the third sensor 110 and the fourth sensor 111 are arranged on the right side, the third sensor 110 is arranged above the fourth sensor 111, the first sensor 108 is located above the third sensor 110, and the distance between the first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109 is the same as the distance between the third sensor 110 and the fourth sensor 111.

[0068] The induction structure includes a first induction block 112 and a second induction block 113. The first induction block 112 is installed at the top of the connection structure, and the second induction block 113 is installed at the upper end of the connection structure and below the first induction block 112. The distance between the first induction block 112 and the second induction block 113 is less than the distance between the first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109.

[0069] In the material loading device of this embodiment, when the sensor corresponds to the induction structure, a signal can be induced. The number of material weight sensors on the right side can also be 3 or more, and the quantity can be flexibly selected according to the installation position on the right side and the material weight. The functions of each material weight sensor are similar. When different sizes and weights of materials to be adsorbed are placed in the same material box, due to the different self-weights of the materials, the pulling forces on the connecting rod 105 are different, and then the descending heights of the induction blocks are different. The sensors arranged at different heights correspond to the induction structure, and the system can judge the materials of different adsorbed weights, which is convenient for subsequent different material processing.

[0070] In this embodiment, the first induction block 112 can correspond to the first sensor 108 to generate an electrical signal; the first induction block 112 can also correspond to the third sensor 110 to generate an electrical signal; the second induction block 113 can correspond to the second sensor 109 to generate an electrical signal; the second induction block 113 can also correspond to the fourth sensor 111 to generate an electrical signal. When the first sensor 108 and the third sensor 110 correspond to the second induction block 113, no electrical signal is generated. When the second sensor 109 and the fourth sensor 111 correspond to the first induction block 112, no electrical signal is generated either. Therefore, there are four working induction states between the induction block and the sensor, corresponding to four different adsorption states of the magnetic head 102.

[0071] In this embodiment, signals are generated by the mutual induction between the sensor and the induction block to determine the position and state of the magnetic head 102 in the material adsorption device. When the magnetic head 102 does not adsorb materials, the second sensor 109 senses the second induction block 113 and generates an unloaded signal. When the material adsorption device starts to work, the Z-axis rod 13 drives the connecting rod 105, the first induction block 112, the second induction block 113 and the magnetic head 102 to slowly move downward. The magnetic head 102 approaches the materials in the material box. After the magnetic head 102 descends to a certain height, the suction force between the magnetic head 102 and the materials causes the magnetic head 102 to drive the connecting rod 105 and the induction structure to move downward until the lower end of the sleeve 103 contacts and presses against the material surface. At this time, the magnetic head 102 drives the connecting rod 105 and the induction structure fixed on the connecting rod 105 to change the moving direction and move upward, so that the first sensor 108 senses the first induction block 112 and generates a signal. The system senses that the adsorption action has been completed at this time and needs to pull up the material. Therefore, the Z-axis rod 13 provides upward power for the connecting rod 105 to pull the magnetic head 102 and the material. When the Z-axis rod 13 drives the magnetic head 102 to rise, under the action of its own weight, the end of the material far from the magnetic head 102 remains stationary, and the end in contact with the magnetic head 102 is lifted. The contact part between the magnetic head 102 and the material moves from the middle of the upper surface of the material to the edge of the upper surface of the material as the magnetic head 102 rises. Finally, the material is sucked by the side of the magnetic head 102 and lifted vertically.

[0072] During the process of the Z-axis rod 13 driving the material to rise in the material adsorption device of this embodiment, if the material is a light material, the gravity of the material pulls the connecting rod 105 downward, compresses the spring 107, drives the induction block to move downward, and the third sensor 110 senses the first induction block 112 and generates a signal. The system senses that the material at this time is a light material. When the material on the magnetic head 102 reaches the material box 41 and is unloaded, the load on the magnetic head 102 disappears. Under the elastic force of the spring 107, the induction structure resets. The second sensor 109 senses the second induction block 113 at its position and generates an unloaded signal. The system can perform the adsorption of the next material and drive the Z-axis rod 13 to move downward.

[0073] During the process of the Z-axis rod 13 driving the material to rise in the material adsorption device of this embodiment, if the material is a heavy material, the gravity of the material pulls the connecting rod 105 downward, compresses the spring 107, drives the induction block to move downward, and the fourth sensor 111 senses the second induction block 113 and generates a signal. The system senses that the material at this time is a heavy material. When the material on the magnetic head 102 reaches the material box 41 and is unloaded, the load on the magnetic head 102 disappears. Under the elastic force of the spring 107, the induction structure resets. The second sensor 109 senses the second induction block 113 at its position and generates an unloaded signal. The system can perform the adsorption of the next material and drive the Z-axis rod 13 to move downward.

[0074] On the side of the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13, there are a first sensing structure mounting plate 114 and a second sensing structure mounting plate 115 at a certain distance apart. The first sensing structure mounting plate 114 mounts the first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109, and the second sensing structure mounting plate 115 mounts the third sensor 110 and the fourth sensor 111. The sensors are fixed to the lower end of the Z-axis rod 13 through the sensing structure mounting plate 101. The first sensor 108 and the second sensor 109 are arranged on the left side and fixed to the Z-axis rod 13 through the first sensing structure mounting plate 114; the third sensor 110 and the fourth sensor 111 are arranged on the right side and fixed to the Z-axis rod 13 through the second sensing structure mounting plate 115. The sensors are sensing components and are fixed to the Z-axis rod 13, which can reduce jitter during movement and improve the accuracy and stability of sensing.

[0075] The rotating structure 43 includes a mounting seat, a rotating rod and a motor both mounted on the mounting seat. The motor is connected to the control center. The motor shaft of the motor is connected to one end of the rotating rod, and the other end of the rotating rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the material box 41. The rotating structure 43 is the power source for the rotation of the material box 41. According to the signal transmitted by the front-back sensor 45 on the material box 41, the control center controls the motor of the rotating structure 43 to work, driving the motor shaft to rotate. The motor shaft drives the rotating rod to rotate, and the rotating rod drives the material box 41 to tilt onto the material box accommodation position.

[0076] Near the material feeding end of the material box 41, there is a material box inlet 411, and near the material processing end, there is a material box outlet 412. The baffle plate 42 is located at the rear end of the material box outlet 412. The material box 41 is a channel structure with open inlets and outlets. The material box inlet 411 is for materials to enter, facing the incoming material direction; the material box outlet 412 is for materials to be pushed out, facing the processing direction. The baffle plate 42 is a vertical baffle, and its function is to block the materials from moving further backward, keeping the materials stationary to facilitate the front-back sensor 45 to identify the front and back of the materials. The baffle plate 42 is located at the rear end of the material box outlet 412 and is an independent component from the material box 41. When the material box 41 tilts onto the material box accommodation position, the baffle plate 42 does not move with the material box 41, enabling the materials to be pushed out from the material box outlet 412.

[0077] The material box inlet 411 is provided with an outward-turned left baffle 413 and a right baffle 414 on both sides of the material box 41. When the material is driven by the magnetic head 102 from the previous process or the material frame and moves to the material box inlet 411, the side of the material is sucked by the adsorption structure, and the direction of the material is irregular. The material box inlet 411 is a long and narrow opening, and the material moving laterally cannot enter the material box 41. Therefore, the outward-turned left baffle 413 and the right baffle 414 are provided on both sides of the material box 41 to form a passage that gradually narrows from the baffle to the material box inlet 411. When the material in the horizontal state enters, the side contacts and collides with the baffle, and the direction of the material changes. It contacts and collides with the baffle again, and the direction of the material changes again. The angle of the material is constantly adjusted and gradually becomes a vertical state. At the same time, the moving mechanism drives the material to gradually move toward the material box inlet 411, so that the material can enter the material box 41 smoothly.

[0078] A stripping sheet 415 is provided at the top of the material box inlet 411. The adsorption structure and the material are adsorbed by magnetic force. After entering the material box 41, the material needs to be separated from the magnetic head 102. In order to improve the separation efficiency, a stripping sheet 415 with a thin outer surface and a thick inner surface is provided at the top of the material box inlet 411. The thin outer end first contacts the adsorption structure and the material, and cuts the material from the lower end of the magnetic head 102, so that the material can smoothly separate from the magnetic head 102 and enter the material box 41; the thick inner end is fixedly connected to the top of the material box 41, mainly playing a supporting and connecting role. The inner end has a certain thickness so that it is not easy to bend and damage, thereby making the stripping sheet 415 more durable.

[0079] The bottom of the material box 41 is provided with a slope that slopes downward from the material box inlet 411 to the material box outlet 412. After the material enters the material box 41 from the material box inlet 411, it needs to pass through the inside of the material box 41 to reach the material box outlet 412. In order to make the movement of the material inside the material box 41 smoother, the bottom of the material box 41 is provided with a slope that slopes downward from the material box inlet 411 to the material box outlet 412. Under the action of its own weight, the material automatically rolls into the material box outlet 412 along the slope of the bottom of the material box 41, making the material movement smoother and saving the loading time.

[0080] The baffle plate 42 is provided with a weight sensor. The basic function of the baffle plate 42 is to block the material at the outlet 412 of the material box. The weight sensor is provided on the baffle plate 42 to further sense faults. After the material passes through the material box 41 smoothly and contacts the baffle plate 42, the weight sensor is hit by the material and generates a signal, which is recognized by the control center as a state where the material has moved into place. If the material is stuck inside the material box 41 due to angle problems and cannot reach the outlet 412 of the material box, the weight sensor on the baffle plate 42 does not generate a signal, and the control center recognizes it as an instrument failure state, and can alarm to notify the operator to handle it.

[0081] The rotating structure 43 is provided at one end of the material feeding. The function of the rotating structure 43 is to drive the material box 41 to rotate and pour it onto the material box accommodating position. Its position can be the inlet end or the outlet end of the material box 41. However, since the pushing device needs to push the material at the inlet end of the material box 41, the pushing device must be arranged at one end of the material feeding. Setting the rotating structure 43 and the pushing device at the same end can save the installation space and make the layout of the whole feeding device more compact and reasonable.

[0082] The pushing structure includes a left pushing structure 441 and a right pushing structure 442. The material box accommodating positions include a left material box accommodating position 461 and a right material box accommodating position 462. The position of the left pushing structure 441 corresponds to that of the left material box accommodating position 461; the position of the right pushing structure 442 corresponds to that of the right material box accommodating position 462. The position matching between the pushing structure and the material box accommodating positions is used for feeding materials with different orientations.

[0083] The front pushing end of the pushing structure is set to be arc-shaped. The front pushing end of the pushing structure directly contacts the disc-shaped material. Setting it to be arc-shaped makes the cooperation between the pushing structure and the material closer, and the material does not deviate in direction during the pushing process.

[0084] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limitations on the specific implementation manners of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the claims of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material loading device, characterized in that, it includes an X-axis drive mechanism, a Y-axis drive mechanism, a Z-axis drive mechanism, an adsorption structure, a control center, a material box, a baffle, a rotating structure and a pushing structure. The adsorption structure is installed at the lower end of the Z-axis drive mechanism, the Z-axis drive mechanism is fixed on the X-axis drive mechanism, and the X-axis drive mechanism is fixed on the Y-axis drive mechanism. The adsorption structure is used to adsorb materials and moves to the material box through the X-axis drive mechanism, the Y-axis drive mechanism and the Z-axis drive mechanism. A front-back sensor for detecting the front and back of the material is provided on the side of the material box. The bottom of the material box is connected to the rotating structure. The baffle is located at the rear end of the material box. Material box accommodation positions are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the material box. There are two pushing structures, and the installation positions of the two pushing structures correspond to the positions of the two material box accommodation positions. The control center is electrically connected to the front-back sensor and the rotating structure respectively; The Z-axis drive mechanism further includes a Z-axis gear, a Z-axis motor, a Z-axis rod, a Z-axis clamping structure and a fixing structure. A Z-axis rack is provided on the side of the Z-axis rod. The Z-axis gear is connected to the motor shaft of the Z-axis motor, and the Z-axis gear meshes with the Z-axis rack. The adsorption structure is connected to the lower end of the Z-axis rod. The Z-axis motor and the Z-axis clamping structure are installed on the fixing structure, and the fixing structure is fixedly connected to the X-axis drive mechanism. The Z-axis clamping structure slidably clamps the Z-axis rod; The Z-axis drive mechanism further includes a connection structure, an induction structure and a sensing structure; the sensing structure is fixedly installed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod, and the connection structure is movably installed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod; the induction structure is installed on the connection structure, and its position corresponds to the position of the sensing structure; the connection structure connects the adsorption structure; The adsorption structure is a magnetic head, the upper end of the magnetic head is connected to the connection structure, and the lower end thereof is a smooth round head; The sensing structure is a sensor, and the sensor includes a position sensor and a material weight sensor, with a total of 4. The position sensors are respectively the first sensor and the second sensor, and the material weight sensors are respectively the third sensor and the fourth sensor. The first sensor and the second sensor are arranged on the left side, the first sensor is arranged above the second sensor, the third sensor and the fourth sensor are arranged on the right side, the third sensor is arranged above the fourth sensor, the first sensor is located above the third sensor, and the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor is the same as the distance between the third sensor and the fourth sensor; The induction structure includes a first induction block and a second induction block. The first induction block is installed at the top end of the connection structure, and the second induction block is installed at the upper end of the connection structure and is located below the first induction block. The distance between the first induction block and the second induction block is less than the distance between the first sensor and the second sensor.

2. The material loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the X-axis drive mechanism includes an X-axis gear, an X-axis motor and an X-axis frame. An X-axis rack is provided on the surface of the X-axis frame. The X-axis gear is connected to the motor shaft of the X-axis motor, and the X-axis gear meshes with the X-axis rack; the X-axis motor is installed on the fixing structure; the X-axis frame is fixed on the Y-axis drive mechanism.

3. The material loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the Y-axis drive mechanism includes a Y-axis motor, a driving wheel, a driving wheel belt, a front driven wheel, a rear driven wheel, a synchronous belt and a Y-axis frame. The motor shaft of the Y-axis motor is connected to the driving wheel, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel to rotate through the driving wheel belt. The driven wheel drives the synchronous belt to move along the Y-axis frame; the X-axis frame is fixed on the synchronous belt.

4. The material loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the magnetic head includes a sleeve and a magnetic block installed in the sleeve. The upper end of the sleeve is open, and the connecting structure passes through the sleeve to connect the magnetic block. The bottom of the lower end of the sleeve is a smooth round head.

5. The material loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting structure includes a connecting rod, a connecting rod guide sleeve and a spring; the connecting rod guide sleeve is fixed at the lower end of the Z-axis rod, the sensing structure is installed at the upper end of the connecting rod, the spring is sleeved in the middle of the connecting rod and its top end is fixed on the connecting rod; the lower end of the connecting rod passes through the connecting rod guide sleeve and its lower end is connected to the adsorption structure.

6. The material loading device according to claim 5, characterized in that, an installation plate is provided at the lower end of the Z-axis rod, a through hole is provided on the installation plate, and the connecting rod guide sleeve passes through the through hole and is fixed on the installation plate.

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