A rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool and its use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a machining tool, specifically a rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool and a method for using the same. The rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool comprises a tool holder and more than one tool block, a tool handle connector is fixedly connected below the tool holder, and a blade is fixedly connected to each tool block. The difference from the prior art is that each tool block can roughly or finely change its relative position with the tool holder along the sliding direction of the slide groove. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can be used for rough machining to perform large cutting amount machining, and can also be used for fine machining to achieve high precision and high surface roughness machining, thereby reducing the inventory of tool parts and production costs, and has a simple structure and is easy to use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a mechanical processing tool, in particular to a rough and fine double-mode adjustable boring tool and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] An adjustable boring tool is a boring tool that can adjust the tool processing size, increase the tool usage range, and reduce factory processing costs. There are two major types of adjustable boring tools currently in wide use: one is a coarse adjustment boring tool that is adjusted through a single thread. This type of tool has better rigidity, but the tool diameter is difficult to adjust and the tool adjustment accuracy is poor. The other type is a fine adjustment boring tool. This type of tool has poor rigidity and a smaller adjustment range, but good processing accuracy. In the current existing technology, the adjustment range of the rough boring tool is larger, and the adjustment range of the fine boring tool is smaller.

[0003] There is currently no dual-mode adjustable tool with good rigidity that has both a coarse adjustment mode for large-scale tool adjustments during roughing and micron-level fine adjustments. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and disclose a new type of adjustable boring tool that can be used for rough machining to perform large cutting volume machining and can also be used for fine machining to achieve high precision and high surface roughness machining, thereby reducing the inventory of tool parts and reducing production costs. To achieve this purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0005] A rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool comprises a tool holder and more than one tool block, wherein a tool handle connector is fixedly connected below the tool holder, and a blade is fixedly connected to each tool block. The invention is characterized in that each tool block can roughly or finely change its relative position with the tool holder along the sliding direction of the slide groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the top surface of the tool seat is processed with an axially horizontal tool seat positioning sliding key, and the bottom surface of each tool block is processed with an axially horizontal tool block positioning sliding key, and the tool seat positioning sliding key is slidably matched with the tool block positioning sliding key;

[0007] More than two tool holder slots and tool holder screw holes are axially provided on the top surface of the tool holder, and more than two slider slots are radially provided on the side surface of the tool holder. The slider slots are divided into three sections, large, medium and small, from the outside to the inside according to the hole diameter. The small section of the slider slot is communicated with the corresponding tool holder slot;

[0008] Each of the knife blocks is provided with a knife block slot that passes through the top and bottom surfaces, and the end clearance eliminating screws pass through the knife block slots and are respectively screwed and matched with the screw holes of the knife seat; a positioning pin is fixed to the bottom surface of each knife block, and the lower end of the positioning pin passes through the knife seat slot and enters the corresponding slider slot;

[0009] The large section of the slide slot of the slider is fixed with a positioning ring by a positioning ring screw, and the clearance in the positioning ring matches the adjusting nut. The adjusting nut is in the shape of a nail, and an adjusting nut driving hole is provided at the outer end of the nail head, a driving key is fixed at the inner end and an annular recess is provided, and an embedding groove is provided at the free end of the nail rod, and an elastic element and a gasket are installed in the annular recess. After the nail rod passes through the elastic element, the gasket and the inner hole of the positioning ring, a friction gasket is sleeved, and a retaining ring is embedded in the embedding groove. The elastic force of the elastic element forces the friction surface A and the friction surface B to fit together; a driving groove is provided on the gasket, and the driving key cooperates with the driving groove to drive the gasket to rotate with the adjusting nut, and the driving key can slide in the driving groove along the axial direction of the adjusting nut;

[0010] The adjusting stud comprises an external thread A and an external thread B, and a stud driving hole is provided at the outer end thereof, the pitch of the external thread A is not equal to the pitch of the external thread B and the rotation direction is the same, the external thread A is threadedly matched with the internal thread of the center hole of the adjusting nut, and the external thread B is threadedly matched with the internal thread of the slider;

[0011] The sliding block is located in the small section of the sliding block slot and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning pin.

[0012] Furthermore, the screw clamping surface of the end gap eliminating screw is provided with more than one hole, a spring is installed in the hole, a ball is installed in the hole below the spring, and in a free state, the ball extends out of the screw clamping surface, and the spring has a pre-elastic force.

[0013] Furthermore, the pitch of the external thread A is greater than the pitch of the external thread B.

[0014] Furthermore, the pitch of the external thread A is smaller than the pitch of the external thread B.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can be used in rough machining to perform large cutting volume machining, and can also be used in fine machining to achieve high precision and high surface roughness machining, thereby reducing tool inventory and production costs, and has a simple structure and is easy to use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Figure 2 shows the separation of the components, where only one blade block is separated.

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Longitudinal section view of .

[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of .

[0020] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the end gap eliminating component in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Among them: 1. Knife seat, 1-1. Knife seat positioning key, 1-2. Knife seat slot, 1-3. Knife seat screw hole, 1-4. Slider slot, 2. Knife block, 2-1. Knife block positioning key, 2-2. Knife block slot, 2-3. Knife block pressing surface, 2-4. Positioning slot, 3. Knife blade, 4. End clearance eliminating screw, 4-1. Spring, 4-2. Ball, 4-3. Screw pressing surface, 5. Knife blade screw, 6. Adjustment stud, 6-1. External screw A, 6-2, external thread B, 6-3, stud drive hole, 7, adjusting nut, 7-1, drive key, 7-2, embedding groove, 7-3, adjusting nut drive hole, 8, elastic element, 9, gasket, 9-1, drive groove, 10, positioning ring screw, 11, positioning ring, 11-1, friction surface A, 12, slider, 13, friction gasket, 13-1, friction surface B, 14, retaining ring, 15, tool handle connector, 16, positioning pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, “plurality” means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-4 The rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool shown in the figure comprises a tool holder 1 and two tool blocks 2. A tool handle connector 15 is fixedly connected below the tool holder 1, and a blade 3 is fixedly connected to each tool block 2.

[0026] The top surface of the tool seat 1 is processed with an axially horizontal tool seat positioning key 1-1, and the bottom surface of each tool block 2 is processed with an axially horizontal tool block positioning key 2-1, and the tool seat positioning key 1-1 is slidably matched with the tool block positioning key 2-1;

[0027] More than two tool holder slots 1-2 and tool holder screw holes 1-3 are axially provided on the top surface of the tool holder 1, and more than two slider slots 1-4 are radially provided on the side surface of the tool holder 1. The slider slots 1-4 are divided into three sections, namely, large, medium and small, from the outside to the inside according to the hole diameter. The small section of the slider slots 1-4 is communicated with the corresponding tool holder slots 1-2.

[0028] Each of the blade blocks 2 is provided with a blade block slot 2-2 that passes through the top and bottom surfaces, and an end clearance eliminating screw 4 passes through the blade block slot 2-2 and is screwed together with the blade seat screw hole 1-3 respectively; a positioning pin 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of each of the blade blocks 2, and the lower end of the positioning pin 16 passes through the blade seat slot 1-2 and enters the corresponding slider slot 1-4;

[0029] The large section of the slider slot 1-4 is fixed with a positioning ring 11 by a positioning ring screw 10, and the positioning ring 11 has a clearance fit with an adjusting nut 7. The adjusting nut 7 is in the shape of a nail, and an adjusting nut driving hole 7-3 is provided at the outer end of the nail head, a driving key 7-1 is fixed at the inner end and an annular recess is provided, and an embedding groove 7-2 is provided at the free end of the nail rod, and an elastic element 8 and a gasket 9 are installed in the annular recess. After the nail rod passes through the elastic element 8, the gasket 9 and the inner hole of the positioning ring 11, a friction gasket 13 is sleeved, and a retaining ring 14 is embedded in the embedding groove 7-2. The elastic force of the elastic element 8 forces the friction surface A11-1 and the friction surface B13-1 to fit together; a driving groove 9-1 is provided on the gasket 9, and the driving key 7-1 cooperates with the driving groove 9-1 to drive the gasket 9 to rotate with the adjusting nut 7, and the driving key 7-1 can slide along the axial direction of the adjusting nut 7 in the driving groove 9-1;

[0030] The adjusting stud 6 includes an external thread A6-1 and an external thread B6-2, and a stud driving hole 6-3 is provided at the outer end thereof. The pitch of the external thread A6-1 is greater than the pitch of the external thread B6-2 and the rotation direction is the same. The external thread A6-1 is threadedly matched with the internal thread of the center hole of the adjusting nut 7, and the external thread B6-2 is threadedly matched with the internal thread of the slider 12;

[0031] The slider 12 is located in a small section of the slider slot 1 - 4 and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning pin 16 .

[0032] During fine adjustment, a tool is used to drive the adjusting stud 6 to rotate at the stud drive hole 6-3. At this time, the friction surface A11-1 and the friction surface B13-1 fit each other under the pre-elastic force of the elastic element 8, and are fixed relative to the tool holder 1 using the adjusting nut 7. For each rotation of the adjusting stud 6, the adjusting stud 6 moves one pitch of the external thread A relative to the adjusting nut 7, that is, the tool holder, and the slider 12 drives the positioning pin 16 and the tool block 2 to move one pitch of the external thread B in the opposite direction. At this time, the actual movement distance of the tool block 2 relative to the tool holder 1 is the distance of one pitch of the external thread A minus one pitch of the external thread B. By reasonably setting the values ​​of the pitch A and the pitch B, micron-level adjustment of the boring tool diameter can be achieved. Due to the existence of the pre-elastic force of the elastic element 8, the axial thread matching clearance between the external thread A6-1 and the external thread B6-2 during the matching process is eliminated. The continuity of size adjustment is achieved.

[0033] During rough adjustment, use a tool to press the adjusting nut 7 inward to separate the friction surface A11-1 and the friction surface B13-1. At this time, the adjusting nut 7 and the tool holder 1 are released from the relatively fixed state, and can be rotated around the assembly axis of the adjusting stud 6. Use a tool to press inward while driving the adjusting nut 7 and the adjusting stud 6 to rotate. At this time, only the thread pair of the external thread B6-2 and the slider 12 plays a transmission role. For each rotation, the slider 12 drives the positioning pin 16 and the tool block 2 to move relative to the tool holder 1 by a distance equal to one pitch of the external thread B6-2.

[0034] Embodiment 2, as Figure 1-5 A rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool is shown, which is the same as Example 1 in other aspects, except that one or more holes are opened on the screw clamping surface 4-3 of the end gap eliminating screw 4, and a spring 4-1 is installed in the hole, and a ball 4-2 is installed in the hole below the spring 4-1. In the free state, the ball 4-2 extends out of the screw clamping surface 4-3, and the spring 4-1 has a pre-elastic force.

[0035] The tool holder 1 and the tool block 2 are tightened with bolts. When ordinary bolts are used for tightening, after the bolts are loosened, during the adjustment process, the tool holder 1 and the tool block 2 move in relative position, and a gap is generated between the tool holder positioning key 1-1 and the tool block positioning key 2-1. This gap has various forms. After the bolts are tightened again, the gap between the two disappears, and the actual size of the tool will be larger or smaller than the size after adjustment without tightening.

[0036] The present invention arranges one or more holes on the flange surface of the end clearance eliminating screw 4, i.e., the screw pressing surface 4-3, in which a spring 4-1 is installed, and a ball 4-2 is arranged below the spring in the direction of the thread. In a free state, the ball 4-2 extends out of the flange surface, and the spring 4-1 has a pre-elastic force.

[0037] When the blade block 2 needs to be compressed and fixed, the end clearance eliminating screw 4 is rotated to make the blade block compression surface 2-3 squeeze the ball 4-2, the spring 4-1 contracts under the pressure of the ball, and the ball 4-2 retracts into the hole. The screw compression surface 4-3 is tightly fitted with the blade block compression surface 2-3.

[0038] When the position of the blade block 2 needs to be adjusted, loosen the end gap eliminating screw 4 appropriately. The blade block pressing surface 2-3 is separated from the screw pressing surface 4-3, and the ball 4-2 is always in contact with the blade block pressing surface 2-3 under the action of elastic force and has a certain pre-pressure, which is provided by the spring 4-1.

[0039] During the adjustment process of the knife block 2, there is always a pre-pressure, which eliminates the contact gap between the knife block positioning key 2-1 and the knife seat positioning key 1-1. After the adjustment is completed and the knife block is pressed again, the position of the knife block remains unchanged.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any form; any technician familiar with the art can make many possible changes or modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above disclosed methods and technical contents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment of equivalent changes. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roughing and finishing dual-mode adjustable boring tool, comprising a tool holder (1) and more than one tool block (2), wherein a tool handle connector (15) is fixedly connected below the tool holder (1), and a blade (3) is fixedly connected to each tool block (2). Features: Each of the blade blocks (2) can roughly or finely change its relative position with respect to the blade holder (1) along the sliding direction of the slide groove; The top surface of the tool seat (1) is processed with an axially horizontal tool seat positioning key (1-1), and the bottom surface of each tool block (2) is processed with an axially horizontal tool block positioning key (2-1), and the tool seat positioning key (1-1) is slidably matched with the tool block positioning key (2-1); More than two tool holder slide grooves (1-2) and tool holder screw holes (1-3) are axially provided on the top surface of the tool holder (1), and more than two slider slide grooves (1-4) are radially provided on the side surface of the tool holder (1), wherein the slider slide grooves (1-4) are divided into three sections, namely, large, medium and small, from the outside to the inside according to the hole diameter, and the small section of the slider slide groove (1-4) is communicated with the corresponding tool holder slide groove (1-2); Each of the knife blocks (2) is provided with a knife block slide groove (2-2) that passes through the top and bottom surfaces, and an end clearance eliminating screw (4) passes through the knife block slide groove (2-2) and is screwed into the knife seat screw hole (1-3) respectively; a positioning pin (16) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of each of the knife blocks (2), and the lower end of the positioning pin (16) passes through the knife seat slide groove (1-2) and enters the corresponding slider slide groove (1-4); A positioning ring (11) is fixedly connected to the large section of the slide groove (1-4) by a positioning ring screw (10), and the positioning ring (11) is loosely matched with an adjusting nut (7). The adjusting nut (7) is in the shape of a nail, and an adjusting nut driving hole (7-3) is provided at the outer end of the nail head, a driving key (7-1) is fixedly provided at the inner end and an annular recess is provided, and an embedding groove (7-2) is provided at the free end of the nail rod, and an elastic element (8) and a gasket (9) are installed in the annular recess, and the nail rod passes through the elastic element (8) and the gasket (9) and the positioning ring (11). ) is sleeved behind the inner hole of the adjusting nut (7), and a retaining ring (14) is embedded in the embedded groove (7-2); the elastic force of the elastic element (8) forces the friction surface A (11-1) and the friction surface B (13-1) to fit together; a driving groove (9-1) is provided on the adjusting nut (9); the driving key (7-1) cooperates with the driving groove (9-1) to drive the adjusting nut (9) to rotate with the adjusting nut (7), and the driving key (7-1) can slide in the driving groove (9-1) along the axial direction of the adjusting nut (7); The adjusting stud (6) comprises an external thread A (6-1) and an external thread B (6-2), and a stud driving hole (6-3) is provided at the outer end portion, the pitch of the external thread A (6-1) is not equal to the pitch of the external thread B (6-2) and the rotation direction is the same, the external thread A (6-1) is threadedly matched with the internal thread of the center hole of the adjusting nut (7), and the external thread B (6-2) is threadedly matched with the internal thread of the slider (12); The slider (12) is located in a small section of the slider slot (1-4) and is fixedly connected to the lower end of the positioning pin (16); The screw pressing surface (4-3) of the end clearance eliminating screw (4) is provided with one or more holes, a spring (4-1) is installed in the hole, a ball (4-2) is installed in the hole below the spring (4-1), in a free state, the ball (4-2) extends out of the screw pressing surface (4-3), and the spring (4-1) has a pre-elastic force; the pitch of the external thread A is greater than the pitch of the external thread B.

2. A method for using the rough and fine dual-mode adjustable boring tool as described in claim 1, Features: During fine adjustment, a tool is used to drive the adjusting stud (6) to rotate at the stud drive hole (6-3). For each rotation of the adjusting stud (6), the actual movement distance of the tool block (2) relative to the tool holder (1) is a distance equal to one pitch of the external thread A minus one pitch of the external thread B, thereby achieving micron-level adjustment of the boring tool diameter. During rough adjustment, a tool is used to pressurize the adjusting nut (7) internally while driving the adjusting nut (7) and the adjusting stud (6) to rotate. For each rotation, the knife block (2) moves relative to the knife seat (1) by a pitch of the external thread B (6-2).

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