A soil multi-stage crushing and screening device

Abstract

The invention discloses a soil multi-stage crushing and screening device, which relates to the technical field of soil screening. The feed inlet box is located above the box, the feed inlet is connected to the box, a crushing mechanism is arranged in a crushing chamber, the crushing mechanism includes a symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher, the telescopic crusher moves along the vertical direction of the feed inlet, a crushing head is arranged on the head of the telescopic crusher, the crushing heads of the symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher move relatively, and the crushing heads that move relatively squeeze and crush the soil, one end of the crushing chamber is opened to connect the feed inlet, and the other end of the crushing chamber is opened to connect the multi-stage grinding box, the multi-stage grinding box includes at least three rollers, there are grinding gaps between adjacent rollers, the grinding gaps decrease step by step, and the grinding gaps are the largest near the inlet of the multi-stage grinding box, the vibrating screen includes a screen plate and a vibrating screen driving mechanism, the screen plate is located below the outlet of the multi-stage grinding box, and the collecting chamber is located below the screen plate. Multi-stage crushing and screening improves screening efficiency and reduces soil pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of soil screening, and in particular to a soil multi-stage crushing and screening device. Background Art

[0002] In geological and soil research work, it is often necessary to analyze the physical and chemical properties of the soil. After the soil samples in the field are collected and brought back indoors, they must be air-dried and then ground and sieved. To test different chemical indicators, the soil needs to be ground and sieved through sieve holes of different sizes.

[0003] The traditional screening method is that the staff first crushes the soil with a hammer, then puts the crushed soil into a mortar for grinding. After repeated grinding, all samples pass through the corresponding screen and are placed in a container for storage and analysis. This method first requires the preparation of a variety of tools. The crushing, grinding, and screening processes are also prone to contamination of soil samples. The crushing and screening operations require multiple transfers of the soil, which is also troublesome. The process is more complicated and the processing efficiency is low. The processing equipment is not thorough enough, resulting in inaccurate test data.

[0004] Chinese patent: "A soil crushing and screening integrated device", patent application number: "CN201820949024.5", records a soil crushing and screening integrated device, which realizes the crushing and screening integrated design. There is no need to transfer the soil multiple times during the crushing and screening process. It is very convenient to crush the soil that fails to pass the screen again without spilling the soil, and it can reduce working time and improve work efficiency. However, the equipment still has the problems of repeated grinding and incomplete grinding. The corresponding box needs to be moved during repeated grinding, which poses a risk of soil contamination. Incomplete grinding will also affect the detection data.

[0005] Based on the above shortcomings, it is necessary to further improve the soil screening device, improve the screening efficiency, and ensure the purity of the test samples. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing soil screening devices have the problems of low screening efficiency and incomplete screening affecting the detection accuracy. The purpose is to provide a soil multi-stage crushing and screening device, which adopts a multi-stage crushing and screening design to improve the screening efficiency. After the multi-stage crushing and screening process, the screening is more thorough and the integrity of the sample is higher, so that the detection accuracy of the sample is also correspondingly improved, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a soil multi-stage crushing and screening device, comprising a box body, the box body comprising:

[0008] A feed inlet, the feed inlet is located above the box body and is connected to the box body;

[0009] A crushing mechanism, wherein the crushing mechanism is arranged in a crushing chamber, the crushing mechanism comprises a symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher, the telescopic crusher moves in a vertical direction along the feed port, a crushing head is arranged on the head of the telescopic crusher, the crushing heads of the symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher move relatively, the crushing heads moving relatively squeeze and crush the soil, one end of the crushing chamber is opened to communicate with the feed port, and the other end of the crushing chamber is opened to communicate with a multi-stage grinding box;

[0010] A multi-stage grinding box, the multi-stage grinding box comprising at least three rollers, a grinding gap between adjacent rollers, the grinding gap decreasing step by step, and the grinding gap being the largest near the inlet of the multi-stage grinding box;

[0011] A vibrating screen, the vibrating screen comprising a screen plate and a vibrating screen driving mechanism, the screen plate being located below the outlet of the multi-stage grinding box;

[0012] A collecting chamber is located below the screen plate.

[0013] The present invention is provided with a crushing mechanism, a multi-stage grinding box and a vibrating screen. The crushing mechanism performs preliminary crushing on the soil, the multi-stage grinding box performs multi-stage grinding on the soil, and the vibrating screen screens the soil. The entire design constitutes a multi-stage crushing and screening structure. The soil is screened thoroughly without repeated screening, thereby reducing soil pollution, greatly improving screening efficiency, ensuring that soil samples are not contaminated, and thus improving detection accuracy.

[0014] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism further comprises:

[0015] A hydraulic driver, the hydraulic driver is fixed to the box, and the hydraulic driver is used to drive the telescopic crusher;

[0016] A cylinder socket, one end of which is connected to the hydraulic driver via a mounting nut, and the other end of which is sleeved with a cylinder;

[0017] A piston rod, the cylinder is sleeved with the piston rod, the piston rod is located at one end away from the cylinder socket, and the end of the piston rod away from the cylinder is connected to the crushing head;

[0018] Further, the vibrating screen driving mechanism comprises:

[0019] A sieve plate handle, the sieve plate handle is located outside the box body, and the sieve plate handle is connected to the end of the sieve plate;

[0020] A tray, the tray is located below the sieve plate, and the tray is used to support the sieve plate;

[0021] A horizontal guide rail, the horizontal guide rail is located below the tray, a slider is provided on the horizontal guide rail, the slider slides horizontally on the horizontal guide rail, and the slider is connected to the tray;

[0022] A horizontal spring, one end of which is fixed, and the other end of which is horizontally connected to the horizontal guide rail;

[0023] A vertical spring, one end of which is fixed, and the other end of which is vertically connected to the horizontal guide rail;

[0024] A crank connecting rod, one end of which is connected to the slider, and the other end of which is connected to the vibrating screen motor, and the vibrating screen motor drives the crank connecting rod to telescopic movement.

[0025] The sieve plate handle can be used to pull the sieve plate out of the box, and other types of sieve plates can be replaced and inserted into the box again. Sieve plates with different apertures can be selected to increase the applicability of the present invention. Horizontal springs and vertical springs are provided, and the sieve plate can maintain stability when screening soil, thereby avoiding excessive loss of soil during the screening process.

[0026] Furthermore, a buckle is fixedly arranged above the tray.

[0027] A buckle is fixed above the tray, which can limit the sieve plate so that the sieve plate will not deviate from the installation position and affect the screening effect.

[0028] Furthermore, the multi-stage grinding box includes three rollers, and adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions.

[0029] The three rollers form a secondary grinding structure, and the adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions to divert the soil.

[0030] Furthermore, the rollers are all connected to a speed change gear box, and the speed change gear box is connected to a roller motor.

[0031] Furthermore, it also includes a symmetrically arranged coarse filter plate, and the coarse filter plate is located at the discharge port of the crushing chamber.

[0032] The soil enters the crushing chamber from the feed port. If the amount entering is too large, some of the soil will enter the multi-stage grinding box directly without being damaged. The coarse and coarse filter plates will divert the soil into the multi-stage grinding box, making it more fully crushed and improving the crushing effect.

[0033] Furthermore, the coarse filter plate includes a fixed plate and a movable screen plate, and the fixed plate and the movable screen plate are movably connected via a movable rotating shaft. A movable screen plate handle is vertically provided at the end of the movable screen plate away from the fixed plate, and the movable screen plate handle passes through the body of the box. A movable groove is provided on the surface of the box, and the screen plate handle moves along the arc of the movable groove. The screen plate handle is fixed by a limit card when it is in the highest position.

[0034] The fixed plate and the movable sieve plate are movably connected through a movable rotating shaft. The movable sieve plate rotates relative to the fixed plate. The movable sieve plate handle moves along the arc of the movable groove to control the rotation of the movable sieve plate. After sufficient crushing, the movable sieve plate handle rotates to the lowest position of the movable groove, and the soil remaining on the sieve plate enters the multi-stage grinding box, thereby reducing the loss of soil samples.

[0035] Furthermore, the outward end of the crushing head is provided with a plurality of pointed tips.

[0036] The pointed head design can enhance the crushing strength and make the crushing more complete.

[0037] Furthermore, when the symmetrically arranged telescopic crushers move relative to each other, the relatively moving pointed ends do not contact each other.

[0038] A plurality of pointed heads are arranged on the crushing heads of the symmetrically arranged telescopic crushers. The symmetrically arranged telescopic crushers move relative to each other, and the pointed heads moving relative to each other do not contact each other, thereby avoiding damage to components.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The multi-stage soil crushing and screening device of the present invention comprises a crushing mechanism, a multi-stage grinding box and a vibrating screen to form a multi-stage crushing and screening structure. The soil is screened thoroughly without repeated screening, which greatly improves the screening efficiency, thereby reducing soil pollution and improving the detection accuracy;

[0041] 2. The present invention provides a soil multi-stage crushing and screening device, wherein the sieve plate handle is connected to the end of the sieve plate, and the sieve plate handle can be pulled out from the inside of the box, and sieve plates of different sizes can be replaced according to needs, thereby increasing applicability;

[0042] 3. The present invention provides a multi-stage soil crushing and screening device, in which the coarse filter plate is of movable design. The handle of the movable screen plate is rotated to the highest position of the movable slot, and the soil is blocked by the movable screen plate and diverted into the multi-stage grinding box for sufficient crushing. After sufficient crushing, the handle of the movable screen plate is rotated to the lowest position of the movable slot, and the soil remaining on the screen plate enters the multi-stage grinding box, thereby reducing the loss of soil samples, improving the integrity of soil samples, and thus improving the accuracy of soil sample detection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the coarse filter plate in the open state;

[0046] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the coarse filter plate;

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-stage grinding box;

[0048] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the sieve plate limiting structure;

[0049] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism structure;

[0050] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crusher with a pointed head;

[0051] Figure 8 This is an enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure of the crushing head;

[0052] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the roller movement direction.

[0053] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0054] 1-feeding port, 2-piston rod, 3-cylinder, 4-cylinder socket, 5-mounting nut, 6-hydraulic drive, 7-crushing chamber, 8-crushing head, 81-pointed head, 9-fixed plate, 10-movable screen plate, 111-movable groove, 112-movable screen plate handle, 13-loose-leaf rotating shaft, 14-multi-stage grinding box, 151-first roller, 152-second roller, 153-third roller, 154-speed gear box, 155-roller motor, 161-screen plate, 162-screen plate handle, 163-buckle, 17-tray, 18-slider, 19-horizontal guide rail, 20-horizontal spring, 21-vertical spring, 22-vibrating screen motor, 23-crank connecting rod, 24-collecting chamber, 25-discharge port, 26-box body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The words indicating directions in the present invention only indicate the relative positions of the components and are not intended to limit the components. The words such as "first" and "second" in the present invention have no substantial meanings and are not intended to distinguish components of different categories. They are only intended to clearly describe the implementation methods. The schematic implementation methods of the present invention and their descriptions are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, a soil multi-stage crushing and screening device includes a box 26, and the box 26 includes:

[0058] A feed inlet 1, the feed inlet 1 is located above the box body 26, and the feed inlet 1 is connected to the box body 26;

[0059] The crushing mechanism is arranged in the crushing chamber 7, and the crushing mechanism includes a symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher, the telescopic crusher moves vertically along the feed port 1, and the telescopic crusher head is provided with a crushing head 8, such as Figure 6 As shown, the symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher crushing heads 8 move relative to each other, and the relatively moving crushing heads 8 squeeze and crush the soil, one end of the crushing chamber 7 opens to communicate with the feed inlet 1, and the other end of the crushing chamber 7 opens to communicate with the multi-stage grinding box 14;

[0060] A multi-stage grinding box 14, wherein the multi-stage grinding box 14 comprises at least three rollers, and there is a grinding gap between adjacent rollers, the grinding gap decreases step by step, and the grinding gap is the largest near the inlet of the multi-stage grinding box 14;

[0061] A vibrating screen, the vibrating screen comprising a screen plate 161 and a vibrating screen driving mechanism, the screen plate 161 being located below the outlet of the multi-stage grinding box 14;

[0062] The collecting chamber 24 is located below the sieve plate 161 .

[0063] More specifically, the crushing mechanism further comprises:

[0064] A hydraulic driver 6, the hydraulic driver 6 is fixed to the box 26, and the hydraulic driver 6 is used to drive the telescopic crusher;

[0065] A cylinder socket 4, one end of which is connected to a hydraulic driver 6 via a mounting nut 5, and the other end of which is sleeved with a cylinder 3;

[0066] The piston rod 2 is sleeved on the cylinder 3, the piston rod 2 is located at one end away from the cylinder socket 4, and the end of the piston rod 2 away from the cylinder 3 is connected to the crushing head 8.

[0067] More specifically, the vibrating screen driving mechanism comprises:

[0068] A tray 17, wherein the tray 17 is located below the sieve plate 161, and the tray 17 is used to support the sieve plate 161;

[0069] A horizontal guide rail 19, the horizontal guide rail 19 is located below the tray 17, a slider 18 is provided on the horizontal guide rail 19, the slider 18 slides horizontally on the horizontal guide rail 19, and the slider 18 is connected to the tray;

[0070] A horizontal spring 20, one end of which is fixed, and the other end of which is horizontally connected to the horizontal guide rail 19;

[0071] A vertical spring 21, one end of which is fixed, and the other end of which is vertically connected to the horizontal guide rail 19;

[0072] A crank connecting rod 23, one end of which is connected to the slider 18, and the other end of which is connected to the vibrating screen motor 22, and the vibrating screen motor 22 drives the crank connecting rod 23 to telescopically move.

[0073] More specifically, combined with Figure 5 A buckle 163 is fixedly arranged above the tray 17 .

[0074] More specifically, combined with Fig. 9 The multi-stage grinding box 14 includes three rollers, and the adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions. The rotation direction of the rollers guides the soil from the outside to the inside of the gap.

[0075] More specifically, combined with Figure 4 The rollers are all connected to a speed change gear box 154 , and the speed change gear box 154 is connected to a roller motor 155 .

[0076] When this embodiment is implemented, soil enters from the feed port 1 and then enters the crushing chamber 7. The symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher moves vertically along the feed port 1 to crush the soil entering the crushing chamber 7, and then enters the multi-stage grinding box 14. The multi-stage grinding box 14 is provided with a first roller 151, a second roller 152 and a third roller 154. The gap between the first roller 151 and the second roller 152 is larger than the gap between the second roller 152 and the third roller 154. The soil enters the gap between the first roller 151 and the second roller 152 for primary grinding, and then enters the gap between the second roller 152 and the third roller 154 for secondary grinding, and then enters the sieve plate 161. The sieve plate 161 screens the soil and then enters the collecting chamber 24. The collecting chamber 24 is provided with a discharge port 25, and the screened soil is discharged from the discharge port 25.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] Based on Example 1, this example is optimized and improved, and the vibration screen driving mechanism also includes: a sieve plate handle 162, the sieve plate handle 162 is located outside the box 26, the sieve plate handle 162 is connected to the end of the sieve plate 161, and the sieve plate handle can pull the sieve plate out of the box.

[0079] When it is necessary to replace the sieve plate 161 of a different type of sieve mesh, the sieve plate 161 can be pulled out from the box 26 through the sieve plate handle 162, and then the required sieve plate 161 can be replaced, and the sieve plate 161 can be inserted into the box 26 through the sieve plate handle 162 on the sieve plate 161. The replacement is convenient, which increases the applicability of the screening device.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] Based on Example 1 or Example 2, this example is optimized and improved. The present invention further includes a symmetrically arranged coarse filter plate, and the coarse filter plate is located at the discharge port of the crushing chamber 7.

[0082] More specifically, combined with Figure 3 The coarse filter plate includes a fixed plate 10 and a movable screen plate 10, and the fixed plate 10 and the movable screen plate 10 are movably connected through a movable rotating shaft 13. A movable screen plate handle 112 is vertically provided at the end of the movable screen plate 10 away from the fixed plate. The movable screen plate handle 112 passes through the outside of the box body 26. A movable groove 111 is opened on the surface of the box body 26. The screen plate handle 112 moves along the arc of the movable groove 111. The screen plate handle 112 is fixed by a limit card when it is in the highest position.

[0083] When the present embodiment is implemented, the soil just enters the crushing chamber, the movable screen plate handle is rotated to the highest position of the movable groove, the soil is blocked by the movable screen plate and diverted into the multi-stage grinding box, and is fully crushed. When the soil is fully crushed, the movable screen plate handle is rotated to the lowest position of the movable groove, such as Figure 2 In the state shown, the soil remaining on the sieve plate enters the multi-stage grinding box, which reduces the loss of soil samples and improves the integrity of soil samples, thereby improving the accuracy of soil sample detection.

[0084] Example 4

[0085] Based on one of the above embodiments 1-3, this embodiment is optimized and improved, combined with Figure 7 The outward end of the crushing head 8 is provided with a plurality of pointed tips 81.

[0086] More specifically, when the symmetrically arranged telescopic crushers move relative to each other, Figure 8 , the tips 81 moving relative to each other do not contact each other.

[0087] When this embodiment is implemented, the relatively moving crushing head 8 crushes the soil, and the pointed head 81 on the crushing head improves the crushing effect. The relatively moving pointed heads 81 do not contact each other, thereby avoiding damage to components.

[0088] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil multi-stage crushing and screening device, comprising a box (26), characterized in that: The box (26) comprises: A feed inlet (1), the feed inlet (1) being located above the box body (26), the feed inlet (1) being connected to the box body (26); A crushing mechanism, the crushing mechanism is arranged in a crushing chamber (7), the crushing mechanism comprises a symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher, the telescopic crusher moves in a vertical direction along the feed inlet (1), a crushing head (8) is arranged on the head of the telescopic crusher, the crushing heads (8) of the symmetrically arranged telescopic crusher move relatively, the crushing heads (8) moving relatively squeeze and crush soil, one end of the crushing chamber (7) is opened to communicate with the feed inlet (1), and the other end of the crushing chamber (7) is opened to communicate with the multi-stage grinding box (14); A multi-stage grinding box (14), the multi-stage grinding box (14) comprising at least three rollers, a grinding gap between adjacent rollers, the grinding gap decreasing step by step, the grinding gap being the largest near the inlet of the multi-stage grinding box (14); A vibrating screen, the vibrating screen comprising a screen plate (161) and a vibrating screen driving mechanism, the screen plate (161) being located below an outlet of the multi-stage grinding box (14); A collecting chamber (24), wherein the collecting chamber (24) is located below the sieve plate (161); The crushing mechanism also includes: A hydraulic driver (6), the hydraulic driver (6) being fixed to the box (26), the hydraulic driver (6) being used to drive the telescopic crusher; A cylinder socket (4), one end of the cylinder socket (4) being connected to a hydraulic driver (6) via a mounting nut (5), and the other end of the cylinder socket (4) being sleeved with a cylinder (3); A piston rod (2), the cylinder barrel (3) being sleeved with the piston rod (2), the piston rod (2) being located at an end away from the cylinder barrel socket (4), and the end of the piston rod (2) away from the cylinder barrel (3) being connected to the crushing head (8); The vibrating screen driving mechanism comprises: A sieve plate handle (162), the sieve plate handle (162) being located outside the box body (26), and the sieve plate handle (162) being connected to an end of the sieve plate (161); a tray (17), the tray (17) being located below the sieve plate (161), the tray (17) being used to support the sieve plate (161); A horizontal guide rail (19), the horizontal guide rail (19) being located below the tray (17), the horizontal guide rail (19) being provided with a slider (18), the slider (18) sliding horizontally on the horizontal guide rail (19), the slider (18) being connected to the tray; A horizontal spring (20), one end of the horizontal spring (20) being fixed, and the other end of the horizontal spring (20) being horizontally connected to the horizontal guide rail (19); A vertical spring (21), one end of the vertical spring (21) is fixed, and the other end of the vertical spring (21) is vertically connected to the horizontal guide rail (19); a crank connecting rod (23), one end of the crank connecting rod (23) being connected to the slider (18), and the other end of the crank connecting rod (23) being connected to the vibrating screen motor (22), and the vibrating screen motor (22) driving the crank connecting rod (23) to perform telescopic movement; The outward end of the crushing head (8) is provided with a plurality of pointed tips (81), and when the symmetrically arranged telescopic crushers move relative to each other, the relatively moving pointed tips (81) do not contact each other.

2. A soil multi-stage crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buckle (163) is fixedly disposed above the tray (17).

3. The soil multi-stage crushing and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage grinding box (14) comprises three rollers, and adjacent rollers rotate in opposite directions.

4. The multi-stage soil crushing and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rollers are all connected to a speed change gear box (154), and the speed change gear box (154) is connected to a roller motor (155).

5. A soil multi-stage crushing and screening device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: It also includes a symmetrically arranged coarse filter plate, which is located at the discharge port of the crushing chamber (7).

6. The multi-stage soil crushing and screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The coarse filter plate comprises a fixed plate (9) and a movable screen plate (10), the fixed plate (9) and the movable screen plate (10) being movably connected via a hinged rotating shaft (13), a movable screen plate handle (112) being vertically provided at the end of the movable screen plate (10) away from the fixed plate, the movable screen plate handle (112) extending out of the box body (26), a movable groove (111) being provided on the surface of the box body (26), the movable screen plate handle (112) moving along an arc of the movable groove (111), and the movable screen plate handle (112) being fixed by a limit clip when in the highest position.

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