Dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling process and filling system

Abstract

The present invention provides a structured flow filling process and filling system for the preparation of precise batching and forced homogenization of dewatered tailings. The filling system is composed of a feeding and metering subsystem, a stirring preparation subsystem, a slurry conveying and filling subsystem and an automatic control system; the feeding and metering subsystem includes a dewatered tailings feeding and metering system, a concentrated water feeding and metering system and a binder feeding and metering system. The filling process realizes advance material preparation, precise metering, forced activation cycle preparation-storage material adjustment and continuous discharge two-stage stirring. The invention can accurately control the filling material mix ratio and the mass concentration of the filling slurry, prepare high-concentration quasi-homogeneous steady-state structured flow filling slurry, and control the preparation quality of the filling slurry and the filling cost. The invention has strong adaptability to mines with uneven mining and filling, and can be used in mines where mechanical dewatered tailings and tailings pond sand are used as aggregates. It has low construction investment and short cycle, and is suitable for filling stations in mines of various sizes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine filling, and in particular to a structured flow filling process and a filling system for preparing dewatered tailings by precise batching and forced homogenization. Background Art

[0002] Tailings filling can not only improve resource utilization and prevent surface collapse, but also reduce the discharge of solid waste to the surface. It is an effective way to make full use of tailings resources and achieve land saving, energy saving, environmental protection and waste utilization. Therefore, most underground mines use tailings filling.

[0003] The tailings filling system is mainly composed of the feed end (that is, the feed end controls the amount of material added), the mixer equipment, the measuring tube (the measuring tube is installed at the rear end of the mixing equipment and extends into the underground goaf), etc. There are three types of materials entering the mixer: water (for adjusting concentration), tailings slurry, and cement.

[0004] The main technology currently used is: directly connect the corresponding materials to the end of the mixer through their own pipelines, install metering devices and regulating devices on the corresponding pipelines, and put the corresponding materials directly into the mixer after metering for uniform mixing. The addition amount of the three materials is controlled and adjusted by the feed end. After the slurry is uniformly mixed, it passes through the measuring tube down to the underground goaf. In order to detect the filling concentration, a concentration meter is usually installed on the measuring tube. The mixing equipment usually uses a two-stage mixer for mixing. The first stage uses a double-shaft blade mixer (horizontal), and the second stage uses a double-shaft double-screw mixer (horizontal). After uniform mixing, it flows to the goaf through the underground pipeline network or is pumped into the underground goaf.

[0005] Online flow metering (pipeline flowmeter, belt nuclear scale, etc.) metering and concentration monitoring are greatly affected by changes in the chemical properties of materials and the stability of feeding, and cannot accurately measure and control the proportion of filling materials and the mass concentration of filling slurry. Due to the shortcomings of short homogenization time and poor quality of continuous discharging, stirring and preparing, the transient error caused by unstable feeding metering cannot be adjusted, resulting in large fluctuations in the ash-sand ratio and mass concentration of the filling slurry. Intermittent slurry preparation equipment cannot discharge materials continuously and cannot achieve continuous slurry transportation, which will cause insufficient pipe flow transportation and rapid pipe wear; it will also form air intervals in the conveying pipeline, causing accidents such as pipe explosion and pipe blockage. The bin-type tailings thickener has limited bottom flow concentration and large fluctuations in sand discharge concentration, making it difficult to prepare steady-state high-concentration filling slurry. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a structured flow filling process and a filling system for preparing dewatered tailings by precise batching and forced homogenization.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention provides a dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system is composed of a feeding and metering subsystem, a stirring preparation subsystem, a slurry conveying and filling subsystem and an automatic control system; the feeding and metering subsystem includes a dewatered tailings feeding and metering system, a concentrated water feeding and metering system and a binder feeding and metering system;

[0008] The dewatered tailings feeding and metering system is composed of an aggregate storage bucket, a bucket-type metering scale, and a transfer device;

[0009] A first feeding device is provided under the aggregate storage hopper, through which the dewatered tailings are transported to the bucket-type weighing scale for weighing the batching value; a second feeding device is provided under the bucket-type weighing scale, through which the dewatered tailings that have been weighed in the bucket-type weighing scale are discharged to the transfer device;

[0010] The concentrated water feeding and metering system adopts a bucket water scale for metering;

[0011] The binder feeding and metering system comprises a binder bin, a screw feeder arranged at the bottom of the binder bin, and a binder bucket metering scale;

[0012] The mixing preparation subsystem is composed of a twin-horizontal shaft mixer and a vertical mixing barrel;

[0013] In order to ensure the feed flow rate of the dewatered tailings, the feed flow rate of the binder, the amount of concentrated water and the flow rate of the filling slurry, and to realize the preparation and transportation of the filling slurry, the automatic control system is provided to detect and adjust the set operating parameters of the filling system.

[0014] Preferably, the aggregate storage hopper is provided with a spiral arch-breaking device inside and a vibration motor-assisted arch-breaking device outside;

[0015] Through the automatic control system, the spiral arch breaking device and the vibration motor auxiliary arch breaking device are automatically started and stopped according to the feeding flow setting value of the first feeding equipment.

[0016] Preferably, the first feeding equipment includes but is not limited to one of a belt and a vibrating feeder; the transfer equipment includes but is not limited to one of a bucket elevator and a belt conveyor.

[0017] Preferably, the bucket metering scale adopts a static bucket metering scale, and the dewatered tailings feeding and metering system is provided with a supplementary scale function for cyclic adjustment, and the supplementary scale weight for the next cycle measurement is determined according to the unloading situation.

[0018] Preferably, an air nozzle arch breaking device is provided on the conical part of the binder silo; through the automatic control system, when the continuous incoming material flow rate of the binder bucket metering scale is less than or equal to the incoming material flow rate setting value for a predetermined period of time, the air nozzle arch breaking device automatically blows once to eliminate the arch to maintain the feeding speed.

[0019] Preferably, the volume of the vertical mixing barrel is greater than or equal to 2 times the mixing amount of the twin-shaft mixer and the maximum value of the filling slurry flow rate in 3 minutes; the bottom or barrel side of the vertical mixing barrel is also provided with an adjustable filling slurry discharge port for adjusting and controlling the filling flow rate of the filling slurry.

[0020] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention also provides a filling process using the above-mentioned dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1. Filling material feeding:

[0022] S11, feeding and metering of dewatered tailings: feeding the dewatered tailings into the aggregate storage bucket; then, feeding the dewatered tailings into the bucket-type metering scale through the first feeding device; then, metering the predetermined batching value of the dewatered tailings using the bucket-type metering scale, and feeding the metered dewatered tailings into the transfer device, and entering a waiting state for unloading;

[0023] The bucket metering scale adopts a static bucket metering scale, and the dewatered tailings feeding and metering system is provided with a supplementary scale function for cyclic adjustment, and the supplementary scale weight for the next cycle measurement is determined according to the unloading situation;

[0024] S12, feeding and metering of concentrated water: The concentrated water is metered by the bucket water scale, and is fed through two channels, namely, a coarse scale pipeline and a fine scale pipeline, and is opened and closed by a valve; after the coarse and fine scales of the concentrated water are metered, the system enters a state of waiting for preparation for unloading;

[0025] S13, feeding and metering of binder: conveying the binder to the binder bin for storage, and then, running the binder at a predetermined speed through the screw feeder to the binder bucket metering scale; when the continuous incoming material flow rate of the binder bucket metering scale for a predetermined period of time is less than or equal to the incoming material flow rate setting value, the air nozzle arch breaking device automatically sprays once to eliminate the arch to maintain the feeding speed; then, the binder bucket metering scale is used to meter the predetermined binder batching value, and after the metering is completed, the state of waiting for preparation for unloading is entered;

[0026] S2. Preparation of filling slurry using a two-stage continuous stirring process:

[0027] S21, sequentially discharging the water, the dehydrated tailings and the binder measured in step S1 into the twin-shaft mixer at predetermined intervals, and performing a first stage of static forced activation stirring for a set stirring time to obtain a preliminary filling slurry;

[0028] S221, when the material level of the vertical mixing barrel is higher than the set high material level, the twin-horizontal shaft mixer enters the first stage of static forced activation mixing and unloading waiting state;

[0029] S222, when the material level of the vertical mixing barrel is lower than the set high material level, the twin-horizontal shaft mixer enters the first stage static forced activation stirring and unloading state, unloads the preliminary filling slurry after forced stirring in step S21 into the vertical mixing barrel through the connecting device, and simultaneously performs the second stage storage material adjustment and homogenization stirring to obtain the filling slurry;

[0030] S23, after the twin-shaft mixer has finished unloading, the unloading door is closed and the mixer enters the feeding waiting state; the bucket metering scale, the bucket water scale and the binder bucket metering scale enter the material metering of the next cycle, and after the metering is completed, the filling slurry preparation of the next cycle is carried out;

[0031] S3, the second stage of material storage deviation adjustment and homogenization stirring process is an instant stirring and synchronous discharging process, which adjusts the opening of the discharge port set on the vertical stirring barrel to adjust the set filling flow of the filling slurry, so as to control the material level of the filling slurry in the vertical stirring barrel to always be within the range of the set high material level and the set low material level, so as to realize continuous discharging; then, the filling slurry prepared in step S2 is transported to the filling pipeline within the set discharging time for uninterrupted and continuous filling in the mining field.

[0032] Preferably, in step S12, the rough weighing pipeline is a large diameter and large flow pipeline; the fine weighing pipeline is a small diameter and small flow pipeline;

[0033] P1. When performing rough weighing, the rough weighing pipeline and the fine weighing pipeline are opened at the same time;

[0034] P2. After reaching the rough scale metering setting value, close the rough scale pipeline and continue feeding the fine scale metering;

[0035] P3. When the concentration water dosage value is reached, the precision weighing pipeline is closed, and after the metering is completed, the state of waiting for preparation and unloading is entered.

[0036] Preferably, in the aggregate storage hopper in step S11, a combined arch breaking step is also included using the spiral arch breaking device and the vibration motor assisted arch breaking device; through the automatic control system, the spiral arch breaking device and the vibration motor assisted arch breaking device are automatically started and stopped according to the feeding flow setting value of the first feeding equipment.

[0037] Preferably, the screw feeder is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the frequency of the variable frequency motor is adjusted to control the screw speed, so as to control the incoming material flow rate of the screw feeder, thereby realizing the segmented high and low speed operation of coarse and fine scale metering feeding functions; during coarse scale metering, the screw feeder runs at high speed to shorten the metering time; during fine scale metering, the screw feeder runs at low speed to improve the metering accuracy of the binder bucket metering scale, and enters the waiting state for preparation for unloading after metering is completed.

[0038] Preferably, the first feeding device is driven by a variable frequency motor, and the operating speed is controlled by adjusting the frequency of the variable frequency motor to control the feeding flow of the first feeding device, thereby realizing the coarse and fine weighing functions; in order to shorten the measuring time during coarse weighing, the first feeding device is set to operate at high speed; in order to achieve precise measuring during fine weighing, the first feeding device is set to operate at low speed, and enters the waiting state for preparation and unloading after the measuring is completed.

[0039] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The precise batching and forced homogenization structured flow filling process of dewatered tailings provided by the present invention realizes advance material preparation, precise metering, forced activation cycle preparation-storage material adjustment and continuous discharge two-stage stirring, can accurately control the filling material proportion and the mass concentration of the filling slurry, prepares a high-concentration quasi-homogeneous steady-state structured flow filling slurry, and can control the preparation quality of the filling slurry and the filling cost.

[0041] 2. The precise batching and forced homogenization structured flow filling process of dewatered tailings provided by the present invention solves the bottleneck problem of the mass concentration of tailings filling slurry preparation limited by the sand concentration of sand bins and bin-type thickeners.

[0042] 3. The present invention provides a precise batching and forced homogenization structured flow filling process for dewatered tailings. The dewatered tailings are measured by a static bucket scale and combined with coarse and fine scale control technology to achieve precise measurement of the dewatered tailings, with a measurement deviation of ≤0.7%. The coarse and fine scale technology is used, and the measurement deviation of the binder and water feed is ≤1%, achieving precise control of the filling material ratio and mass concentration, which can effectively control the filling quality and cost.

[0043] 4. The invention provides a precise batching and forced homogenization structured flow filling process for dewatered tailings. The aggregate storage hopper adopts a built-in blade-type spiral arch-breaking device and an external vibration motor combined with an arch-breaking technology to achieve continuous and balanced feeding. It solves the technical problems of low volume utilization rate of the dewatered tailings storage hopper, poor feeding, and difficult feeding.

[0044] 5. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization structured flow filling process provided by the present invention adopts static metering, combined with a two-stage mixing process of forced activation cycle preparation-storage material adjustment and continuous discharging, to achieve intermittent precise metering, forced activation preparation, continuous discharging functions, and timely adjustment; it solves the technical bias of online flow-type continuous metering (such as pipeline flow meters, concentration meters, belt electronic scales) with poor stability, large errors, and large lag in feedback adjustment.

[0045] 6. The precise batching and forced homogenization structured flow filling process of dewatered tailings provided by the present invention can realize continuous production of the filling system when the dewatered tailings storage is sufficient, and can adapt to mines with unbalanced mining and filling and mines where sand is taken from tailings ponds for filling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization structured flow filling system provided by the present invention.

[0047] Figure 2 A flow chart of the precise batching and forced homogenization structured flow filling process for dewatered tailings provided by the present invention.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 1. Feeding and metering subsystem; 11. Dewatered tailings feeding and metering system; 110. Aggregate storage bucket; 111. Spiral arch breaking device; 112. Vibration motor auxiliary arch breaking device; 113. First feeding equipment; 114. Bucket metering scale; 115. Transfer equipment; 12. Concentrate water feeding and metering system; 13. Binder feeding and metering system; 130. Binder silo; 131. Air nozzle arch breaking device; 132. Spiral feeder; 133. Binder bucket metering scale;

[0050] 2. Mixing preparation subsystem; 21. Twin-shaft mixer; 22. Vertical mixing barrel;

[0051] 3. Slurry conveying and filling subsystem. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] See also Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system is composed of a feeding and metering subsystem 1, a stirring preparation subsystem 2, a slurry conveying and filling subsystem and an automatic control system; the feeding and metering subsystem 1 includes a dewatered tailings feeding and metering system 11, a concentrated water feeding and metering system 12 and a binder feeding and metering system 1;

[0054] The dewatered tailings feeding and metering system 11 is composed of an aggregate storage bucket 110, a bucket metering scale 114 and a transfer device 115;

[0055] The aggregate storage hopper 110 is provided with a first feeding device 113, through which the dewatered tailings are transported to the bucket-type weighing scale 114 for weighing the batching value; the bucket-type weighing scale 114 is provided with a second feeding device, through which the dewatered tailings measured in the bucket-type weighing scale 114 are discharged to the transfer device 115;

[0056] The concentrated water feeding and metering system 12 uses a bucket water scale for metering;

[0057] The binder feeding and metering system 1 comprises a binder bin 130, a screw feeder 132 disposed at the bottom of the binder bin 130, and a binder bucket metering scale 133;

[0058] The mixing preparation subsystem 2 is composed of a twin-shaft mixer 21 and a vertical mixing barrel 22;

[0059] In order to ensure the feed flow of the dewatered tailings, the feed flow rate of the binder, the amount of concentrated water and the flow of the filling slurry, and to realize the preparation and transportation of the filling slurry, the automatic control system is provided to detect and adjust the operating parameters of the filling system.

[0060] Furthermore, the aggregate storage hopper 110 is provided with a spiral arch-breaking device 111 inside and a vibration motor-assisted arch-breaking device 112 outside;

[0061] Through the automatic control system, the spiral arch breaking device 111 and the vibration motor auxiliary arch breaking device 112 are automatically started and stopped according to the feeding flow setting value of the first feeding device 11.

[0062] Furthermore, the first feeding device 113 includes but is not limited to a belt or a vibrating feeder; the transfer device 115 includes but is not limited to a bucket elevator or a belt conveyor.

[0063] Furthermore, the bucket metering scale 114 adopts a static bucket metering scale, and the dewatered tailings feeding and metering system 11 is provided with a supplementary scale function for cyclic adjustment, and determines the supplementary scale weight for the next cyclic measurement according to the unloading situation.

[0064] Furthermore, an air nozzle arch breaking device 131 is provided at the cone part of the binder bin 130; through the automatic control system, when the continuous incoming material flow rate of the binder bucket metering scale 133 for a predetermined period of time is less than or equal to the incoming material flow rate setting value, the air nozzle arch breaking device 131 automatically blows once to eliminate the arch to maintain the feeding speed.

[0065] Furthermore, the volume of the vertical mixing barrel 22 is greater than or equal to twice the mixing volume of the twin-shaft mixer 21 and the maximum value of the filling slurry flow rate in 3 minutes; the bottom or barrel side of the vertical mixing barrel 22 is also provided with an adjustable filling slurry discharge port for adjusting and controlling the filling flow rate of the filling slurry.

[0066] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples.

[0067] Example 1

[0068] 1. Project Overview and Process Parameters

[0069] The mining production scale of the mine is 150,000 tons, the annual operation time is 300 days, and the ore weight is 2.65t / m 3 , the daily mining area increased by 188.68m 3 Calculated based on the shrinkage rate of 1.05 and the slurry loss coefficient of 1.05, the average daily filling volume is 208m 3 The annual filling volume is 62,400 m 3 .

[0070] After calculation and combined with the filling material test results, the main filling process parameters are: flow rate 60m 3 / h; filling concentration ≥72%; ash-sand ratio 1:30~1:4 adjustable.

[0071] 2. Filling materials

[0072] (1) Dewatered tailings

[0073] Due to the high concentration of ore bodies, small production scale, small number and small volume of mined voids, large filling imbalance coefficient and concentrated production time of the filling system, in order to solve the contradiction between the output of ore dressing tailings and the demand for filling tailings, the filling system must have the function of tailings reserve. Since the investment in sand bins and thickeners is large to realize a large amount of tailings reserve, after a comparison and study of tailings dehydration schemes, a ceramic filter is used for graded tailings dehydration, and a stockpile is set up under the ceramic filter. Tailings flocs can be seen, and the filter cakes are stored in the stockpile after dehydration.

[0074] (2) Binder

[0075] According to the principle of resolving bulk materials on site and the use of low-grade binders, 32.5# ordinary Portland cement is used.

[0076] (3) Adjusting concentrated water

[0077] Water for mine production.

[0078] 3. Filling material feeding and metering

[0079] (1) Dewatered tailings

[0080] The tailings slurry discharged from the concentrator is transported to the classification station (elevation 505m) by slurry pump. The mass concentration of the whole tailings slurry is about 26% to 28%, and the flow rate is about 60m 3 / h, the cyclone working feed pressure is 0.2MPa. After calculation, the 65ZBG-50 slurry pump is selected for tailings slurry transportation, with a rated flow of 60m / h, a maximum clean water head of 70m, a tailings transportation pipeline of DN100mm, a high and low material level setting in the feeding tank, and the slurry pump motor is automatically frequency-controlled according to the material level.

[0081] After the full tailings slurry enters the classification station, it is connected to the cyclone feed port. A cyclone group is used. After cyclone classification, the bottom flow rate is ≥60% and the bottom flow concentration is ≥45%. After classification, the bottom flow flows by gravity through the pipeline to the ceramic filter storage tank (elevation 472m) in the dehydration workshop of the filling station. The pipeline is about 200m long and the height difference is 33m. In order to achieve gravity transportation, the diameter of the first 50m pipeline on the cyclone side is DN125, and the subsequent pipeline diameter is DN100. The bottom flow enters the ceramic filter, and the overflow flows back to the ore dressing plant by gravity. The ceramic filter adopts TT5C-60 type with a filtration area of ​​60m 2 , installed power 28.4kw. The tailings filter cake filtered by the ceramic filter is stored in the bottom yard of the graded dehydration workshop for use.

[0082] The aggregate storage hopper is equipped with a spiral arch-breaking device with blades. If necessary, an external vibration motor is installed on the storage hopper wall to assist in arch-breaking. The arch-breaking device starts and stops automatically according to the setting value of the feeding flow of the feeding equipment.

[0083] The static bucket weighing scale is used for measurement. The system is equipped with a supplementary weighing scale function for cyclic adjustment. According to the unloading situation, the supplementary weighing scale weight for the next cycle of measurement is determined to improve the long-term cumulative measurement accuracy. The bucket weighing scale is equipped with a feeding device, whose function is to discharge the aggregate in the bucket weighing scale to the transfer equipment.

[0084] A transfer device is connected between the bucket weighing scale and the mixing equipment. The transfer device is a bucket elevator or belt conveyor with a transfer function. Its function is to transport the weighed aggregate to the unloading waiting position, and then wait for the unloading instruction to unload the aggregate into the mixing equipment. When the mixing equipment is provided with an intermediate storage bucket, the transfer device unloads to the intermediate storage bucket. After the transfer device unloads, it runs to the receiving position of the bucket weighing scale, and the intermediate storage bucket enters the waiting state for unloading.

[0085] During filling, a loader is used to load materials into the aggregate storage bucket, and the belt feeder under the aggregate storage bucket feeds materials to the bucket metering scale. After the weighing reaches the batching value, it enters the waiting state for transfer and unloading. After the transfer equipment reaches the receiving position, the feeding equipment under the bucket metering scale automatically starts and unloads materials to the transfer equipment. After unloading is completed, the feeding equipment under the bucket metering scale automatically stops unloading, and the bucket metering scale enters the next cycle of metering. The transfer equipment runs to the waiting unloading position, and the transfer equipment enters the waiting state for preparation for unloading.

[0086] As a further optimization of this scheme, tailings are loaded by loader. ZL50 loader is used to load and unload tailings. Tailings are shoveled from the bottom yard of the dewatering workshop to the batching machine of the filling station. The volume of the batching machine is 10m 3 The batching bin is equipped with a double-acting arch-breaking device including a spiral arch-breaking device and a vibration arch-breaking device.

[0087] The tailings in the batching machine are fed into the bucket weighing scale through the batching belt. The width of the batching belt is 800mm. In order to achieve accurate measurement of the tailings, the belt is driven by a variable frequency motor and has a rough and fine weighing function. In the rough weighing, the belt is set to run at a high frequency of 50HZ to shorten the measuring time; in the fine weighing, the belt is set to run at a low frequency of 10HZ at a low speed for accurate measurement. When the tailings in the bucket weighing scale reach the batching amount, it enters the waiting state, and waits for the bucket elevator to be lowered to the receiving position. The bucket elevator is fed into the bucket elevator bucket by the bucket weighing scale belt. The bucket elevator model is HZS120.2, and the lifting motor is set to start and stop with variable frequency. The tailings are lifted to the mixing building metering layer by the bucket elevator and wait for the unloading instruction.

[0088] (2) Binder

[0089] The binder is stored in a cement silo, equipped with a discharge soot blowing pipe connected to a bulk powder tank truck; a dust collector and a safety valve are installed on the top of the cement silo; a discharge valve and a screw feeder are installed at the bottom of the silo. The binder is transported to the filling station by a bulk powder tank truck and transported to the cement silo by a soot blowing pipe. The dust collector on the top of the silo is turned on during discharge, and the soot blowing pipe is sealed and the dust collector is turned off after discharge.

[0090] An air nozzle arch-breaking device is installed at the cone of the silo. When the continuous incoming material flow rate of the binder bucket metering scale is ≤ the set value during a certain period of time, the air nozzle will automatically spray once to eliminate the arch to maintain the feeding speed.

[0091] The screw feeder has the function of segmented high and low speed operation for coarse and fine weighing feeding. It runs at high speed during coarse weighing to shorten the measuring time; it runs at low speed during fine weighing to improve the measuring accuracy of a single bucket.

[0092] During filling, open the valve at the bottom of the silo, and the binder is transported to the cement weighing scale through the screw feeder at the bottom of the silo. After the weighing reaches the batching value, it enters the waiting state for preparation for unloading.

[0093] As a further optimization of this scheme, the cement silo has a capacity of 100t, a steel structure with a diameter of Φ=3m, and a pedestrian inspection hole, a continuous material level meter and a pulse back-blowing bag dust collector are arranged on the top of the cement silo.

[0094] The cement is fed using LSY273 single-tube screw feeder, the screw shell diameter is 27mm, the conveying distance is about 8m, the equipment power is 11kw, and the cement is measured using 0.8m 3 Bucket type cement scale.

[0095] When filling, open the spiral gate at the bottom of the cement silo, start the single-tube screw feeder, and transport cement to the cement scale to the batching amount. When unloading, open the pneumatic butterfly valve and vibrator under the cement scale, and the cement will flow to the mixing tank by itself.

[0096] (3) Adjusting concentrated water

[0097] The filling water is drawn from the high-level water tank with a storage capacity of 600m 3 The water from the high-level water tank flows to the mixing station by gravity, with a length of about 400m, a height difference of 50m, and a pipe diameter of DN150. 3 Water scale metering, when feeding, open the butterfly valve at the bottom of the water scale to add water to the mixing tank. The water scale feed pipe is set with two routes of coarse and fine scales. The diameter of the coarse scale pipeline is DN100, and the pneumatic butterfly valve controls the pipeline switch; the diameter of the fine scale pipeline is DN25, and the pneumatic angle seat valve controls the pipeline switch. At the beginning of water scale metering, the coarse scale pipeline and the fine scale pipeline are opened at the same time. After reaching the coarse scale value, the coarse scale pipeline is closed and enters the fine scale stage. When the batching amount is reached, the fine scale pipeline valve is closed and enters the waiting state. Since the filling water supply pipeline is long and the height difference is large, an air outlet throttling muffler is set on the coarse scale pipeline butterfly valve controller to control the valve closing speed and prevent water hammer from occurring in the pipeline.

[0098] 4. Preparation of filling slurry mixing

[0099] The preparation of filling slurry adopts a two-stage mixing process. During filling, the two stages of mixing are continuously operated. The first stage is forced activation mixing, which uses a twin-horizontal shaft forced mixer and static forced activation mixing technology to eliminate tailings and binder dry powder flocs and achieve homogenization. The second stage is storage homogenization mixing, which uses a vertical mixing barrel. The storage function is to reduce the single-cycle batching metering and unloading net errors caused by factors such as tailings arching and stickiness. At the same time, it can also further homogenize the slurry, improve the quality of filling slurry preparation, and achieve continuous discharge of slurry from the filling system.

[0100] The volume of the vertical mixing barrel is greater than or equal to 2 times the maximum value of the first-stage mixing volume and the 3-minute filling slurry flow rate. The filling slurry discharge port is located at the bottom or the barrel side. The discharge port is provided with a discharge valve with an adjustable opening for adjusting and controlling the filling flow rate, so as to control the material level of the filling slurry in the vertical mixing barrel to always be within the range of the set high material level and the set low material level, thereby realizing the function of continuous discharging.

[0101] After the filling materials such as aggregates, binders and water are metered and all enter the waiting state for preparation and unloading, they are unloaded into the forced activation mixer in the order of water, aggregates and binders. First, water is unloaded to form a water curtain in the forced activation mixer to achieve the purpose of dust suppression; after a period of time after the water discharge begins (the interval is based on the judgment basis of whether the formed water curtain can obviously suppress dust, and is adjusted according to test observations), the aggregate and binder unloading begins. After all unloading is completed, the mixing preparation timing begins, and the aggregate bucket metering scale, the binder bucket metering scale and the water bucket metering scale enter the metering of the next cycle. In order to ensure the mixing and homogenizing time, the forced activation mixing time is set to start timing from the completion of all unloading, and the absence of dehydrated tailings clumps and binder dry powder flocs in the prepared slurry is used as the judgment indicator. After stirring for the set time, the first stage of mixing and unloading waiting state is entered.

[0102] When the material level of the second stage vertical mixing barrel is higher than the set high material level, the first stage forced activation mixer enters the waiting state for slurry unloading, and the filling material is still in the waiting state for preparation and unloading. When the material level of the second stage vertical mixing barrel for storage and homogenization mixing is lower than the set low material level, it can accommodate the amount of slurry unloaded by the first stage mixing, and the first stage forced activation mixer enters the unloading state. After unloading, the unloading door is closed and the feeding waiting state is entered. After the filling material of the next cycle is measured and all enters the waiting state for preparation and unloading, it is unloaded and the filling slurry is prepared according to the above unloading sequence, and the next preparation cycle begins.

[0103] As a further optimization of this scheme, the first stage of forced mixing adopts a JS2000 twin-shaft forced mixer with a feed volume of 3m 3 , discharge volume 2m 3 , cycle time ≤ 2min, stirring time after all materials are unloaded ≥ 45s, production capacity ≥ 60m 3 / h. A pressurized pipeline pump is installed between the water scale and the mixer to strengthen water atomization and enhance the water flushing effect. A vibrating dust collector is installed to collect dust, which is connected to the bucket cement scale and the mixer through a pipeline. The dust collector is turned on at the beginning of each preparation cycle unloading and stops working after unloading is completed.

[0104] The second stage of storage material homogenization and mixing adopts φ2000×2100 vertical high-concentration mixing barrel with effective volume of 5m 3 , equipped with a double-layer blade agitator shaft, blade diameter 1000mm, speed 100r / min, barrel side discharge, discharge port diameter φ200mm, equipped with an electric pinch valve to adjust the discharge flow of the mixing barrel, thereby controlling the liquid level in the pump bucket. The mixing barrel is equipped with an ultrasonic continuous level meter and an electrode rod-shaped high level meter to monitor the material level in the mixing barrel and feedback control the opening action of the first stage mixer discharge door.

[0105] 5. Filling slurry transportation

[0106] According to the designed production capacity and operating conditions of the filling system, the filling pipeline is about 1.2km long with a height difference of -20m. A HBT8018C-5 concrete trailer pump is used for slurry transportation. The delivery pressure (low pressure / high pressure) is 10 / 18MPa and the delivery flow (low pressure / high pressure) is 87 / 55m 3 .

[0107] The volume of the trailer pump bucket is 2m 3 A material level meter is installed in the pump hopper to control the opening of the mixing bucket regulating valve through material level feedback, and the drag pump delivery flow is coordinated to control the material level in the pump hopper. A screen is installed in the filling pump hopper to prevent large pieces and foreign objects from entering the filling pipeline system and causing pipe blockage.

[0108] A pump pressure monitoring sensor is installed on the drag pump cylinder. When the pump pressure exceeds the limit, the pump is stopped and the slurry preparation process is paused. The control system sends out an alarm and resumes after waiting for disposal.

[0109] In summary, the present invention provides a structured flow filling process and a filling system for the preparation of precise batching and forced homogenization of dewatered tailings. The filling system is composed of a feeding and metering subsystem, a stirring preparation subsystem, a slurry conveying and filling subsystem, and an automatic control system; the feeding and metering subsystem includes a dewatered tailings feeding and metering system, a concentrated water feeding and metering system, and a binder feeding and metering system. The filling process realizes advance material preparation, precise metering, forced activation cycle preparation-storage material adjustment and continuous discharge of two-stage stirring. The inventive technology can accurately control the proportion of filling materials and the mass concentration of filling slurry, prepare high-concentration quasi-homogeneous steady-state structured flow filling slurry, and control the preparation quality of filling slurry and filling cost. The inventive technology has strong adaptability to mines with uneven mining and filling, and can be used in mines where mechanical dewatered tailings and tailings pond sand are used as aggregates. It has low construction investment and short cycle, and is suitable for filling stations in mines of various sizes.

[0110] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system, characterized by: The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system is composed of a feeding and metering subsystem (1), a stirring preparation subsystem (2), a slurry conveying and filling subsystem (3) and an automatic control system; the feeding and metering subsystem (1) includes a dewatered tailings feeding and metering system (11), a concentrated water feeding and metering system (12) and a binder feeding and metering system (13); the dewatered tailings feeding and metering system (11) is composed of an aggregate storage bucket (110), a bucket-type metering scale (114) and a transfer device (115); A first feeding device (113) is provided under the aggregate storage hopper (110), and the dewatered tailings are transported to the bucket-type weighing scale (114) through the first feeding device (113) to measure the batching value; a second feeding device is provided under the bucket-type weighing scale (114), and the dewatered tailings that have been measured in the bucket-type weighing scale (114) are discharged to the transfer device (115) through the second feeding device; The concentrated water feeding and metering system (12) uses a bucket water scale for metering; The binder feeding and metering system (13) includes a binder bin (130), a screw feeder (132) arranged at the bottom of the binder bin (130), and a binder bucket metering scale (133); the mixing preparation subsystem (2) is composed of a twin-shaft mixer (21) and a vertical mixing barrel (22); the automatic control system controls the bucket metering scale (114), the bucket water scale, and the binder bucket metering scale (133), and controls and adjusts the set operating parameters of the filling system.

2. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The aggregate storage hopper (110) is provided with a spiral arch-breaking device (111) inside and a vibration motor-assisted arch-breaking device (112) outside; Through the automatic control system, the spiral arch breaking device (111) and the vibration motor auxiliary arch breaking device (112) are automatically started and stopped according to the feeding flow setting value of the first feeding device (113).

3. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first feeding device (113) is one of a belt and a vibrating feeder; the transfer device (115) is one of a bucket elevator and a belt conveyor.

4. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The bucket weighing scale (114) is a static bucket weighing scale, and the dewatered tailings feeding and metering system (11) is provided with a supplementary weighing function to perform cyclic deviation adjustment, and the supplementary weighing weight for the next cyclic measurement is determined according to the unloading situation.

5. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The conical part of the binder bin (130) is provided with an air nozzle arch breaking device (131); through the automatic control system, when the continuous incoming material flow rate of the binder bucket metering scale (133) is less than or equal to the incoming material flow rate setting value for a predetermined period of time, the air nozzle arch breaking device (131) automatically blows once to eliminate the arch so as to maintain the feeding speed.

6. The dewatered tailings precise batching forced homogenization preparation structured flow filling system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The volume of the vertical mixing barrel (22) is greater than or equal to twice the mixing volume of the twin-shaft mixer (21) and the maximum value of the filling slurry flow rate in 3 minutes; a discharge port capable of adjusting the filling slurry flow rate is provided at the bottom or the side of the barrel of the vertical mixing barrel (22) for adjusting and controlling the filling flow rate of the filling slurry.

7. A process for preparing structured flow filling by accurately batching and forcing homogenizing dewatered tailings using the system for preparing structured flow filling by accurately batching and forcing homogenizing dewatered tailings as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Filling material feeding: S11, feeding and metering of dewatered tailings: feeding the dewatered tailings into the aggregate storage bucket (110); then, feeding the dewatered tailings into the bucket-type metering scale (114) through the first feeding device (113); then, metering a predetermined batching value of the dewatered tailings using the bucket-type metering scale (114), and feeding the metered dewatered tailings into the transfer device (115), and entering a waiting state for unloading; The bucket weighing scale (114) is a static bucket weighing scale, and the dewatered tailings feeding and metering system (11) is provided with a supplementary weighing function to perform cyclic adjustment, and the supplementary weighing weight of the next cyclic measurement is determined according to the unloading situation; The aggregate storage hopper (110) also includes a combined arch breaking step using a spiral arch breaking device (111) and a vibration motor-assisted arch breaking device (112); through the automatic control system, the spiral arch breaking device (111) and the vibration motor-assisted arch breaking device (112) are automatically started and stopped according to the feed flow setting value of the first feeding device (113); S12, feeding and metering of concentrated water: the concentrated water is metered by the bucket water scale, and the feed is taken from two routes, namely, the coarse scale pipeline and the fine scale pipeline, and a valve is set to control the opening and closing; after the coarse and fine scales of the concentrated water are metered, the system enters the waiting state for preparation and unloading; S13, feeding and metering of binder: conveying the binder to the binder bin (130) for storage, and then, running the binder at a predetermined speed through the screw feeder (132) to the binder bucket metering scale (133); then, metering the predetermined binder dosage value using the binder bucket metering scale (133), and entering a waiting state for preparation for unloading after metering is completed; S2. Preparation of filling slurry using a two-stage continuous stirring process: S21, sequentially discharging the water measured in step S1, the dehydrated tailings and the binder into the twin-shaft mixer (21) at predetermined intervals, and performing a first stage of static forced activation stirring for a set stirring time to obtain a preliminary filling slurry; S221, when the material level of the vertical mixing barrel (22) is higher than the set high material level, the twin-horizontal shaft mixer (21) enters the first stage of static forced activation mixing and unloading waiting state; S222, when the material level of the vertical mixing barrel (22) is lower than the set high material level, the twin-horizontal shaft mixer (21) enters the first stage static forced activation stirring and unloading state, and the preliminary filling slurry after forced stirring in step S21 is unloaded into the vertical mixing barrel (22) through the connecting device, and the second stage storage material adjustment homogenization stirring is simultaneously performed to obtain the filling slurry; S23, after the twin-shaft mixer (21) has finished unloading, the unloading door is closed and the mixer enters a feeding waiting state; the bucket metering scale (114), the bucket water scale and the binder bucket metering scale (133) enter the next cycle of material metering, and after the metering is completed, the next cycle of filling slurry preparation is carried out; S3, by adjusting the opening of the discharge port provided on the vertical mixing barrel (22), the set filling flow rate of the filling slurry is adjusted to control the filling slurry level in the vertical mixing barrel (22) to always be within the range of the set high material level and the set low material level, thereby achieving continuous discharge; then, the filling slurry prepared in step S2 is transported to the filling pipeline within the set discharge time for uninterrupted and continuous filling in the mining field.

8. The process for preparing structured flow filling by precise batching and forced homogenization of dewatered tailings according to claim 7 is characterized by: In step S12, the rough weighing pipeline is a large diameter and large flow pipeline; the fine weighing pipeline is a small diameter and small flow pipeline; The process of measuring the concentrate water coarse and fine scale is specifically as follows: P1. When performing rough weighing, the rough weighing pipeline and the fine weighing pipeline are opened at the same time; P2. After reaching the rough scale metering setting value, close the rough scale pipeline and continue feeding the fine scale metering; P3. When the concentration water dosage value is reached, the precision weighing pipeline is closed, and after the metering is completed, the state of waiting for preparation and unloading is entered.

9. The process for preparing structured flow filling by precise batching and forced homogenization of dewatered tailings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The screw feeder (132) is driven by a variable frequency motor. The frequency of the variable frequency motor is adjusted to control the screw speed, thereby controlling the material flow rate of the screw feeder (132) to achieve segmented high and low speed operation of rough and fine scale metering feeding functions; during rough scale metering, the screw feeder (132) runs at a high speed to shorten the metering time; during fine scale metering, the screw feeder (132) runs at a low speed to improve the metering accuracy of the binder bucket metering scale (133), and enters a waiting state for preparation for unloading after metering is completed.

10. The process for preparing structured flow filling by precise batching and forced homogenization of dewatered tailings according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first feeding device (113) is driven by a variable frequency motor. The frequency of the variable frequency motor is adjusted to control the running speed, so as to control the feeding flow of the first feeding device (113) and realize the coarse and fine weighing function. During coarse weighing, the first feeding device (113) is set to run at a high speed. During fine weighing, the first feeding device (113) is set to run at a low speed, and enters a waiting state for preparation and unloading after the weighing is completed.

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