A ventilation and heating system and method for waste incineration power generation

Abstract

The present invention provides a ventilation and heating system and method for waste incineration power generation, the system includes a waste pool for waste fermentation, and a leachate pool connected to the waste pool, an air supply duct is provided in the leachate pool, a fresh air blower is provided on the air supply duct, an exhaust duct is connected between the leachate pool and the waste pool, an air heat exchanger and an exhaust fan are connected to the exhaust duct, and the hot air inlet of the air heat exchanger is externally connected to waste heat steam. The invention is reasonably combined and installed according to the processing scale of the domestic waste incineration power plant, and a comprehensive ventilation method of mechanical air supply and mechanical exhaust is adopted in the leachate pool to eliminate flammable and harmful gases such as CO in the leachate pool, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel maintenance, and at the same time, the air sent into the waste pool is heated by heat exchange through the air heat exchanger, thereby strengthening the fermentation of the waste in the waste pool and improving the calorific value of waste incineration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of domestic waste treatment, and in particular relates to a ventilation and heating system and method for waste incineration power generation. Background Art

[0002] As more and more domestic waste is being produced in cities, landfills have gradually been phased out, taking into account the effectiveness of waste treatment and the harm to the soil. All cities, including third- and fourth-tier counties, are building new domestic waste incineration power plants, which not only dispose of the increasing amount of waste, but also turn waste into treasure, turning waste into electricity. This economically reasonable treatment method is currently encouraged by the state.

[0003] However, the rise of a large number of domestic waste incineration power plants has also brought a series of problems: first, the garbage piled in the garbage pool in the transition season or winter, especially in the northern region, due to the low temperature, the garbage lacks fermentation, resulting in a very low calorific value of the incinerated garbage and low inefficiency of incineration power generation; secondly, the leachate pool connected to the garbage pool is sometimes inspected by people, but because the fermentation of the garbage produces a lot of CO, hydrogen sulfide and other toxic gases that are harmful to human health, there have been accidents in some areas where these combustible gases accumulate and cause explosions. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation, which can simultaneously eliminate the explosion hazard caused by the accumulation of harmful gas concentration in the leachate pool and enhance the fermentation of waste in the waste pool.

[0005] To this end, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation, including a garbage pool for garbage fermentation, and a leachate pool connected to the garbage pool, an air supply duct is provided in the leachate pool, a fresh air blower is provided on the air supply duct, an exhaust duct is connected between the leachate pool and the garbage pool, an air heat exchanger and an exhaust fan are connected to the exhaust duct, and the hot air inlet of the air heat exchanger is externally connected to waste heat steam.

[0006] Furthermore, the exhaust duct is provided with an air supply nozzle at one end of the garbage pool, and the air supply nozzle is provided with an air supply nozzle with adjustable air volume.

[0007] Furthermore, one end of the air supply duct and the exhaust duct both extend to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool.

[0008] Furthermore, the air supply duct is located in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool and is provided with a plurality of air supply vents, and the air supply vents face the interior of the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool; the exhaust duct is located in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool and is provided with a plurality of exhaust vents, and the exhaust vents face the interior of the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool.

[0009] Furthermore, an air supply mute box is provided at one end of the air supply duct close to the fresh air blower.

[0010] Furthermore, the hot air inlet end of the air heat exchanger is provided with an electric regulating valve for regulating the steam flow.

[0011] Furthermore, a heat-insulating layer is provided on the exhaust duct between the air heat exchanger and the garbage pool.

[0012] Furthermore, the exhaust fan is an explosion-proof high-pressure centrifugal or axial flow fan, and the exhaust fan is located on the unloading platform of the garbage pit.

[0013] Furthermore, the air inlet and outlet sections of the exhaust fan are provided with a silencer and a shock absorbing device.

[0014] In addition, the present invention also provides a ventilation heating method for waste incineration power generation, comprising the following steps:

[0015] 1) Select fresh air supply fans and exhaust fans with different processing air volumes according to the processing scale of the waste incineration power plant, and perform selection calculations for air heat exchangers under extremely cold weather conditions according to local meteorological conditions to ensure the heating capacity required for heating under the air volume conditions;

[0016] 2) The fresh air supply fan introduces fresh air from the outside of the leachate pool, sends it to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool through the air supply duct, and then discharges the ventilated air in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool through the exhaust duct to the leachate pool and send it to the air heat exchanger to achieve ventilation of the leachate pool;

[0017] 3) The air heat exchanger adjusts the heat exchange amount of waste heat steam to the incoming air according to local meteorological conditions or process air supply temperature requirements, thereby adjusting the air outlet temperature of the air heat exchanger;

[0018] 4) The air heated by the air heat exchanger is sent into the garbage pool through the exhaust fan to heat and ferment the garbage in the garbage pool.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation provided by the present invention adopts a comprehensive ventilation method of mechanical air supply and mechanical exhaust in the leachate pool to eliminate flammable and harmful gases such as CO in the leachate pool, ensuring the safety of personnel maintenance. At the same time, the air sent into the waste pool is heated by heat exchange through an air heat exchanger, thereby enhancing the fermentation of waste in the waste pool and improving the calorific value of waste incineration.

[0021] (2) The ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation provided by the present invention is easy to connect and assemble. It only needs to select the models of the supply and exhaust fans and the air heat exchanger according to the operating parameters and requirements of the process equipment. It has wide applicability, serialization and compatibility.

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation according to the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Fresh air blower; 2. Air supply silent box; 3. Air supply duct; 4. Air supply outlet; 5. Exhaust outlet; 6. Exhaust duct; 7. Air heat exchanger; 8. Unloading platform; 9. Air supply nozzle; 10. Exhaust fan; 11. Silencer; 12. Leachate pool; 13. Electric regulating valve; 14. Garbage pool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention; in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0027] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation, including a garbage pool 14 for garbage fermentation, and a leachate pool 12 connected to the garbage pool 14, an air supply duct 3 is provided in the leachate pool 12, a fresh air blower 1 is provided on the air supply duct 3, an exhaust duct 6 is connected between the leachate pool 12 and the garbage pool 14, an air heat exchanger 7 and an exhaust fan 10 are connected to the exhaust duct 6, and the hot air inlet of the air heat exchanger 7 is externally connected to waste heat steam. In this embodiment, the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12 is located in a space of -4.5m below the ground, so the air supply duct 3 and the exhaust duct 6 are used for comprehensive ventilation of mechanical air supply and mechanical exhaust. The fresh air supply fan 1 is used to introduce filtered fresh air from the outside of the leachate pool 12, and the fresh air is sent to the leachate pool 12 through the air supply duct 3. At the same time, the exhaust fan 10 discharges the ventilated air in the leachate pool 12 to the outside of the leachate pool 12 through the exhaust duct 6, thereby eliminating the explosion hazard caused by the concentration of flammable and harmful gases such as CO in the leachate pool 12. The air discharged from the leachate pool 12 after ventilation is sent to the air heat exchanger 7, and the waste heat of the waste heat steam is used to heat the supplied air, and the heated air is sent to the garbage pool 14. The high-temperature air supply heats the temperature in the garbage pool 14, thereby enhancing the fermentation of garbage in the garbage pool 14 and improving the calorific value of garbage incineration.

[0028] In a detailed implementation manner, the exhaust duct 6 is provided with an air supply nozzle 9 at one end of the garbage pool 14, and the hot air heated by the air heat exchanger 7 is sent into the garbage pool 14 through the air supply nozzle 9. The air supply nozzle 9 can adopt an air supply nozzle with adjustable air volume, which is similar to the air conditioning and heating system of large spaces such as airports and railway stations, to achieve air heating in the garbage pool 14, enhance garbage fermentation and increase combustion calorific value.

[0029] As one of the implementation methods, the fresh air blower 1 can adopt an explosion-proof axial flow fan, which is installed in the ground space of 0m, and the fresh air is sent into the leachate pool 12 through the air supply duct 3. The air supply duct 3 extends to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12. The air supply duct 3 is located in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12 and is provided with a plurality of air supply vents 4, and the air supply vents 4 face the inside of the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12 and the ventilation dead zone. The exhaust fan 10 can adopt an explosion-proof high-pressure centrifugal or axial flow fan, and the exhaust fan 10 is installed on the unloading platform 8 of the garbage pool (about 8.0m), ensuring that the exhaust section from the underground through the 0m room is a negative pressure section to avoid odor overflow and affect the working conditions of the staff at the 0m layer. The ventilated air in the leachate pool 12 is discharged to the garbage pool 14 through the exhaust duct 6. Specifically, the end of the exhaust duct 6 extends to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12, and a plurality of exhaust vents 5 are arranged in the exhaust duct 6 located in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12, and the exhaust vents 5 face the inside of the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12, and the primary air is sucked in to assist the incineration of the garbage in the garbage pool 14.

[0030] The air heat exchanger 7 is installed in the 0m above ground space, and the air is heated by the waste heat steam in the factory area. The hot air inlet end of the air heat exchanger 7 is provided with an electric regulating valve 13 for adjusting the steam flow. During the change of outdoor meteorological temperature in each season of each year, the electric regulating valve 13 is reasonably adjusted according to the local meteorological conditions or process air supply temperature requirements to adjust the heat exchange amount, thereby adjusting the air outlet temperature of the air heat exchanger. Furthermore, a thermometer and an insulation layer can be set on the exhaust duct 6 between the air heat exchanger 7 and the garbage pool 14 to ensure the temperature of the heated air entering the garbage pool 14, thereby achieving high-temperature air supply to heat the temperature in the garbage pool 14.

[0031] Optimally, in order to avoid noise pollution caused by the comprehensive ventilation mode of mechanical air supply and exhaust, an air supply silent box 2 can be provided at one end of the air supply duct 3 close to the fresh air supply fan 1, and the air inlet and outlet sections of the exhaust fan 10 are provided with a silencer 11 and a shock absorbing device.

[0032] The specific process of using the above-mentioned ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation to simultaneously achieve ventilation of the leachate pool maintenance area and enhance the temperature rise and fermentation of waste in the waste pool is as follows:

[0033] First, according to the processing scale of the waste incineration power plant, select the fresh air supply fan 1 and exhaust fan 10 with different processing air volumes. For example, the processing air volume can be set according to the scale of the waste incineration power plant: 10000m 3 / h、20000m 3 / h、30000m 3 / h、40000m 3 / h, etc. The corresponding air heat exchanger 7 can be selected and calculated according to the local meteorological conditions in extremely cold weather to ensure the heating amount required for heating under the wind volume conditions.

[0034] Then, the fresh air supply fan 1 introduces fresh air from the outside of the leachate pool 12, and sends it to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12 through the air supply duct 3, and then the ventilated air in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool 12 is discharged from the leachate pool 12 to the air heat exchanger 7 through the exhaust duct 6. The ventilation of the leachate pool 12 is achieved through a comprehensive ventilation method of mechanical air supply and mechanical exhaust, and flammable and harmful gases such as CO in the leachate pool 12 are eliminated, ensuring the safety of personnel maintenance.

[0035] Finally, the air heat exchanger 7 uses the waste heat of the factory's waste steam to heat the incoming air. The electric regulating valve 13 at the hot air inlet end of the air heat exchanger 7 is adjusted according to the local meteorological conditions or the process air supply temperature requirements to adjust the air outlet temperature of the air heat exchanger 7; the air heated by the air heat exchanger 7 is sent into the garbage pool 14 through the exhaust fan 10, and the temperature in the garbage pool 14 is heated by high-temperature air supply, thereby achieving the effect of enhancing garbage fermentation.

[0036] In summary, the ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation provided by the present invention is reasonably combined and installed according to the processing scale of the domestic waste incineration power plant. A comprehensive ventilation method of mechanical air supply and mechanical exhaust is adopted in the leachate pool to eliminate flammable and harmful gases such as CO in the leachate pool, thereby ensuring the safety of personnel maintenance. At the same time, the air sent into the garbage pool is heated by heat exchange through an air heat exchanger, thereby enhancing the fermentation of garbage in the garbage pool and improving the calorific value of garbage incineration.

[0037] The above examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. All designs that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation, comprising a waste pool for waste fermentation and a leachate pool connected to the waste pool, characterized in that: An air supply duct is provided in the leachate pool, and a fresh air blower is provided on the air supply duct. An exhaust duct is connected between the leachate pool and the garbage pool, and an air heat exchanger and an exhaust fan are connected to the exhaust duct. The hot air inlet of the air heat exchanger is externally connected to waste heat steam. The exhaust fan is an explosion-proof high-pressure centrifugal or axial flow fan, and the exhaust fan is located on the unloading platform of the garbage pool. An air supply nozzle is provided at one end of the exhaust duct located in the garbage pool, and the air supply nozzle adopts an air supply nozzle with adjustable air volume, and the air supply nozzle is located above the exhaust fan.

2. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the air supply duct and the exhaust duct both extend to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool.

3. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The air supply duct is located in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool and is provided with a plurality of air supply vents, and the air supply vents face the interior of the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool; the exhaust duct is located in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool and is provided with a plurality of exhaust vents, and the exhaust vents face the interior of the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool.

4. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An air supply mute box is provided at one end of the air supply duct close to the fresh air blower.

5. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air inlet end of the air heat exchanger is provided with an electric regulating valve for regulating the steam flow.

6. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer is arranged on the exhaust duct between the air heat exchanger and the garbage pool.

7. A ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet and outlet sections of the exhaust fan are provided with a silencer and a shock absorber.

8. A ventilation heating method for waste incineration power generation, characterized in that: The ventilation and heating system for waste incineration power generation according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: 1) Select fresh air supply fans and exhaust fans with different processing air volumes according to the processing scale of the waste incineration power plant, and perform selection calculations for air heat exchangers under extremely cold weather conditions according to local meteorological conditions to ensure the heating capacity required for heating under the air volume conditions; 2) The fresh air supply fan introduces fresh air from the outside of the leachate pool, sends it to the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool through the air supply duct, and then discharges the ventilated air in the maintenance area of ​​the leachate pool through the exhaust duct to the leachate pool and send it to the air heat exchanger to achieve ventilation of the leachate pool; 3) The air heat exchanger adjusts the heat exchange amount of waste heat steam to the incoming air according to local meteorological conditions or process air supply temperature requirements, thereby adjusting the air outlet temperature of the air heat exchanger; 4) The air heated by the air heat exchanger is sent into the garbage pool through the exhaust fan to heat and ferment the garbage in the garbage pool.

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